共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
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《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2020,(1)
提出了一种新的描述地理线要素复杂程度的方法。首先利用傅里叶级数将地理线要素从空间域转化到频率域进行分析,对不同的地理线要素进行傅里叶展开后得到其不同的傅里叶描述子,并采用设定面积阈值的方法,将傅里叶展开前后的地理要素产生的偏差控制在一定范围内,使经过傅里叶描述子还原的曲线可以近似代替原地理线要素。然后,在香农信息熵理论的基础上对傅里叶展开后的拟合曲线进行信息量的计算,再将频率域与分形理论相结合,在首尾分布以及Koch的"二八定律"的基础上对信息量数据进行进一步处理,从而提出了分布指数p的概念。最后将分布指数与方根模型相结合,利用最小二乘法得到了地图在不同尺度下的分布指数的近似表达式,并选取一片区域的等高线数据进行实验,验证了分布指数对不同尺度下的地理线要素复杂程度具有较好的表达效果,并可以将其运用于线要素的多尺度表达。 相似文献
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空间数据"连续"表达是多尺度表达与变换的理想状态。针对多尺度表达与变换中地理要素的不同几何形态和生命期特点,建立了动静态结合的尺度变换模型。通过空间数据匹配技术,根据生命期不同,将空间数据分为匹配数据和消亡数据。对于匹配数据,通过综合算法生成关键比例尺插值数据,并预先静态存储;对于消亡数据,依据重要程度的顺序统计量,动态"选取、化简"生成插值尺度数据。实验表明该方案可以缓解传统尺度变换的跳跃感问题,变换效率高,可以快速、动态实现连续的尺度变换。 相似文献
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提出一种基于模拟退火思想的线状要素Morphing方法,针对同名线状要素在大小比例尺下的两种表达,首先利用约束Delaunay三角网提取小比例尺地图上线状要素的弯曲特征点,然后采用模拟退火技术在特征点与大比例尺线状数据顶点之间建立全局最优匹配,匹配结果将两线状要素分割成多对对应线段,最后针对每一对对应线段采用常规线性插值方法进行Morphing插值。模拟算例和实际数据实验证明,该方法较好地顾及了线状要素尺度变换过程中的弯曲化简、删除、夸大、典型化等综合操作,变换结果能有效地保持原线状要素的结构特征,提高了Morphing变换的精度。 相似文献
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提出一种基于傅里叶（Fourier）变换的光滑边界面状要素Morphing方法。针对同名面状要素在两个不同比例尺下的表达,利用Fourier变换将多边形在空间域的矢量坐标串表达形式转换为频率域的函数表达形式,然后对二者的Fourier函数进行复合得到多边形在任意中间尺度的表达函数,最后将中间状态的Fourier函数展开为矢量坐标串表达形式获得多边形的中间插值形状。实验证明,该基于Fourier变换的面状要素Morphing方法,能在保持形状特征的基础上对于边界光滑的多边形要素实现光滑、连续的多尺度表达。 相似文献
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在考虑节点化简的基础上建立了节点数据不确定性评价模型,基于曲线光滑模型建立了线元模型不确定性评价模型,在此基础上,根据不确定性传播律构建了由数据不确定性和模型不确定性合成的线状要素多尺度表达不确定性的综合评价模型。实验表明,综合不确定性指标值作为线状要素多尺度表达不确定性的量化指标是有效的。可将其用于计算线元不确定带的宽度,解决线状要素多尺度表达不确定性空间分析和推理问题;并用于线状要素多尺度表达的质量评价与控制。 相似文献
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曲线化简是自动地图综合的重要内容,但其中广泛应用的DP(Douglas-Peucker)算法却是非自动化的,原因是需要在算法执行之初由人工输入距离阈值ε。为此,首先提出了一个多尺度曲线相似度的计算公式;然后基于该公式,以河流数据为例给出了地图比例尺与曲线目标相似度的函数关系推导方法和曲线目标相似度与ε的函数关系推导方法,进而得出了ε与比例尺的函数关系;最后实现了DP算法的自动化。实验研究表明,利用提出的自动化DP算法可以获得指定地理区域不同比例尺的水系要素的化简结果,化简结果与经验丰富的制图员的手工化简结果的相似度平均值为0.927,相似度总体表现良好,表明了该方法良好的可靠性和较高的智能化。 相似文献
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大比例尺城市居民地是变化最为活跃的要素之一,因其形态复杂多样,数据量密集,匹配过程复杂,成为空间数据匹配的重点。面状居民地匹配骨架线傅里叶变化方法首先把大比例尺面状居民地转化为能够反映其主要轮廓特征的骨架线;其次,把骨架线转化为更易于表达其形态特征的几何形态数据,并对其进行插值计算;第三,对几何形态数据采用傅里叶变换,获取匹配双方骨架线之间的相关系数;最后,通过相关系数来判断双方骨架线之间是否满足匹配条件,从而得到骨架线所对应居民地的匹配结果。通过等级化处理,把2维面状居民地转化为1维骨架线,有效降低了空间数据的复杂性,并可把许多线要素匹配的方法引入进来;把骨架线转化为几何形态数据,并采用傅里叶变换进行形态计算,线要素的几何形态相似性分析得到显著增强,提高了数据匹配的准确率。通过试验验证及对比分析,证明了本方法的有效性和科学性。 相似文献
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面向线状地图要素连续尺度变换问题,本文提出了一种DTW算法支持下的连续综合方法。该方法基于尺度融合的思想,将同一地理实体在大小两种比例尺下以不同的几何表达作为输入,首先基于DTW算法建立两种几何表达坐标顶点之间的对应关系;然后采用线性内插方法动态派生任意中间尺度上几何数据,从而实现连续地图综合。顶点之间对应关系的正确性,直接决定了线性内插的结果,而同一实体在不同比例尺下的几何表达往往具有不同的坐标点数,顶点之间具有一对多的对应关系。为寻求最优顶点匹配方案,以顶点距离作为匹配代价,以整体最小距离作为目标函数,采用DTW算法求解最优匹配。试验结果表明,基于DTW的顶点匹配方法可适应不同的地图综合场景,该方法支持下的地图综合效果可实现连续、光滑的渐变,符合地图表达规则和人类空间认知。 相似文献
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已有的空间数据多尺度表达多为基于静态多版本机制的.其原理是通过不同的系列比例尺数据之间的尺度变换来模拟地理要素的连续显示,这在地图缩放过程中给用户视觉上造成了较强的跳跃感.这里在相邻的基础比例尺数据之间插入中间比例尺(关键比例尺)数据来进行空间数据的多尺度表达,给用户连续的视觉感受. 相似文献
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Area‐preservation Simplification of Polygonal Boundaries by the Use of the Structured Total Least Squares Method with Constraints 
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下载免费PDF全文 This article presents an area‐preservation approach for polygonal boundary simplification by the use of structured total least squares adjustment with constraints (STLSC), with the aim being to maintain the area of the original polygons after the simplification. Traditionally, a simplified line is represented by critical points selected from the original one. However, this study focuses on maintaining the areas of the polygons in the process of simplification of polygonal boundaries. Therefore, the proposed method in this article is a supplement to the existing line simplification methods, and it improves the quality of the simplification of polygonal boundaries in terms of positional and area errors. Based on the sub‐divisions of the original polyline, using the critical points detected from the polyline by the use of line simplification methods, the framework of the proposed method includes three main components, as follows: (1) establishment of the straight‐line‐segment fitting model based on both the critical and intermediate points on the sub‐polyline; (2) introduction of both area and end‐point constraints to reduce the geometric distortions due to the line simplification; and (3) derivation of the solution of boundary simplification by the use of STLSC. An empirical example was conducted to test the applicability of the proposed method. The results showed that: (1) by imposing the linear fitting model on both the critical and intermediate points on the sub‐polylines in the proposed STLSC method, the positional differences between the original points and the simplified line are approximately in a normal distribution; and (2) by introducing both end‐point and area constraints in the proposed STLSC method, the areas of the simplified polygons are the same as those of the original ones at different scales, and the two neighboring fitted lines are connected to each other at the optimized position. 相似文献
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针对数字高程模型（digital elevation model,DEM）数据的多尺度表达问题,根据DEM格网数据在能量谱密度中“低频-高能-大尺度”的对应关系,在化简中关联地形语义特征,构建了DEM数据的多尺度表达模型。实验结果表明,该模型可以实时动态派生不同尺度下的DEM数据,通过等高线放样观察发现,该模型派生的DEM数据满足地形表达、空间认知和制图综合中的“保留主要地形特征、舍弃次要地形特征”的基本原则。与常用的DEM化简方法进行高程值统计以及坡形变化的定量对比分析,结果表明该方法在统计意义与结构意义上都具有较好的效果。 相似文献
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Fourier-based multi-scale representation and progressive transmission of cartographic curves on the internet 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
ABSTRACTAutomatic generation of multi-scale representations from the same spatial data source has been the research focus in map generalization for a long time. Based on the Fourier technique, this paper proposes a continuous, multi-scale representation model for progressive transformation of cartographic curves on the Internet. In our method, all the curves, whether closed or open, are depicted as periodical functions which are further expressed as Fourier series. The convergence degrees of the Fourier series are explored for different kinds of curves, and truncating frequencies are derived based on the similarity between the original and reconstructed curves. Using information theory and the Radical Law in cartography, the relationship between map scales and Fourier frequencies is established. Based on the proposed multi-scale model, we also introduce the principles and implementation of a progressive transmission method. Our method is evaluated using the contours from a topographic map. The results show that our model is a valid approach to multi-scale representation of cartographic curves. 相似文献
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基于小波分析的线状特征数据无级表达 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
吴凡 《武汉大学学报(信息科学版)》2004,29(6):488-491
利用小波分析提出了线状特征空间数据的多尺度一致性无级表达模型，研究了基于该模型获取整数尺度上的地理信息，以及通过增量、连续地增补细节来获取分数尺度上的过渡地理信息，从而获取任意尺度上不同详细程度的地理信息的方法，动态地实现了线状特征空间数据的无级表达，并给出了实验结果。 相似文献
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《制图学和地理信息科学》2013,40(4):206-228
A scheme for multi-scale geometrical representation of a digital line is proposed. A digital line is represented as a structured object in which lines at different levels of resolution are represented as lists, quadcodes are used as control mechanism for guiding line simplification at multiple scales of a pyramid, and operators for simplification and smoothing are used to generate lines at different levels of resolution. In this scheme, lines at different levels of an image pyramid can be automatically generated without specifying the so-called tolerance value. Experimental results show that up to a certain level of resolution, the simplified lines retain important information content and recognizable characteristics. Also, the image pyramid assures a legible representation at any level of representation. Future research should improve the current line simplification operator and address the correspondence between lines at different levels of an image pyramid and the lines at different map scales. 相似文献
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Wu Fan 《地球空间信息科学学报》2013,16(1):66-69
Automatic generalization of geographic information is the core of multi-scale representation of spatial data, but the scale-dependent generalization methods are far from abundant because of its extreme complicacy. This paper puts forward a new consistency model about scale-dependent representations of relief based on wavelet analysis, and discusses the thresholds in the model so as to acquire the continual representations of relief with different details between scales. The model not only meets the need of automatic generalization but also is scale-dependent completely. Some practical examples are given. 相似文献
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在海量空间数据的组织与表达方面,与传统的空间数据模型与方法相比,地球剖分网格表现出了极大的优势。鉴此,本文提出了一种剖分网格下顾及用户兴趣的矢量地图多尺度表达方法,首先利用大量POI数据构建空间兴趣场模型,描述用户对地理信息的兴趣的空间分布;然后对空间要素进行分类分级,确定其表达的尺度范围;运用GeoSOT剖分理论划分不同层次的剖分面片,建立剖分面片与尺度的对应关系,根据用户对剖分面片所在区域的兴趣度大小,表达不同详细程度的空间要素,实现基于用户兴趣的空间数据多尺度表达。实验表明,该方法能够满足用户由概略到详细、由重要到次要的空间认知需求,同时能够获得较好的多尺度表达效果。 相似文献
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ABSTRACTAlthough the extrusion of 1D polylines into a 2D polygon and the tessellation of the polygon into primitives has been performed in the field of computer graphics, the efficient, robust, and high-quality tessellation of thick polylines that supports various cartographic styles for polyline rendering remains a practical challenge. We examined and compared existing vertex-, segment-, and polygon-based algorithms, and present a chain-based tessellation algorithm for cartographic rendering: points in the polyline are classified into abrupt and smooth points according to their point spacing, angle and thickness. The polylines are then divided into abrupt and smooth chains by clustering points that are adjacent and of the same type. An optimal algorithm is also presented to continuously tessellate the smooth chains into minimum geometric primitives and efficiently tessellate the abrupt chains into geometric primitives. We implemented the proposed algorithm and present the results of robustness, efficiency, quality, and cartographic styling tests conducted on real-world polylines. The results indicate that this approach has substantial advantages when considering all four requirements (robustness, efficiency, quality, and the support for various cartographic styles). 相似文献