共查询到16条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
裂隙岩体溶质运移模型综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王锦国 《水文地质工程地质》2004,31(6):102-106
本文综述了裂隙岩体系统中溶质运移的概念模型和数学模型。分析了目前各种裂隙岩体系统中溶质运移的数学模型的适用性和优缺点，为选取合理的数学模型求解具体的问题提供了参考依据。最后提出了有待进一步研究的问题。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
裂隙岩体中非饱和渗流与运移的概念模型及数值模拟 总被引：12，自引：2，他引：12
探讨了裂隙岩体中非饱和地下水渗流与溶质运移的几种概念模型的构造及数值模拟问题 ,如裂隙网络模型、连续体模型、等效连续体模型、双孔隙度 (单渗透率 )模型、双渗透率模型、多组份连续体模型等。在裂隙岩体中 ,非饱和地下水的渗流可能只局限于岩体中的岩石组份、或裂隙网络 ,也可能在裂隙和岩石中同时发生 ;对前一种情形只需考虑单一连续体中的流动 ,而后一种情况则需要包括地下水在岩石和裂隙之间的交换。岩体中的裂隙网络往往是溶质运移的主要通道 ;但当溶质在裂隙与岩石之间的渗透和扩散是重要的运移机制时 ,就需要考虑岩石与裂隙界面处的溶质交换。为了模拟岩石与裂隙之间地下水和溶质的交换 ,就需要了解岩石与裂隙之间相互作用的模式和范围 ,使得这类问题的概念模型较单一连续体模型多了一层不确定性、其数值模拟也变得更为困难。因为在实际问题中不易、甚至根本不能判别非饱和渗流的实际形态 ,具体采用哪种模型主要取决于分析的目的和对现场数据的掌握程度。不论哪种模型都会受到模型及参数不确定性的影响 ,因此必须考虑与其他辅助模型的比较. 相似文献
5.
为了研究岩体裂隙网络中矿物溶解-沉淀的变化规律及其对溶质运移的影响,联合矿物溶解-沉淀动力学模型、渗流模型和溶质运移模型建立了岩体裂隙网络矿物溶解-沉淀-迁移模型,经过水溶液络合物计算和矿物成分分析,对研究区域方解石溶解-沉淀作用及溶质运移进行了数值模拟。得出的结论主要有:(1)受裂隙网络分布的影响,溶质运移分布极不均匀,溶质主要通过连通的裂隙从上游向下游迁移;(2)考虑方解石的溶解-沉淀作用之后,在溶解区域溶质浓度增加,在沉淀区域溶质浓度减少;(3)通过对比分析,可知方解石溶解-沉淀受水溶液中CO23-浓度影响较大。 相似文献
6.
与多孔介质相比,裂隙介质中的渗流、溶质运移要复杂得多,许多学者在这方面进行了深入的研究,他们在模型的建立、求解、验证等方面都取得很大突破,但仍有许多难点没有解决。着眼于粗糙单裂隙开度变化的实质特性,将原有裂隙介质渗流、溶质运移方程进行修改,建立粗糙单裂隙渗流、溶质运移数学模型,并进行数值模拟。 相似文献
7.
8.
9.
对交叉裂隙渗流传质特性的定量描述是研究整个裂隙网络渗透传质特性的基础。为真实模拟水流及溶质在三维交叉裂隙中的运移过程,首先通过三维轮廓仪获取天然岩石裂隙表面的形貌数据,再应用三维重构技术生成相应的三维交叉裂隙模型,随后求解Navier-Stokes方程,假定溶质运移满足Fick定律,模拟水流和溶质在三维交叉裂隙中的运移过程。通过对比粗糙裂隙模型与平行平板模型的模拟结果发现：粗糙度对流体的分布及流动状态存在显著的影响;不同进、出口工况下的流体流动及溶质运移状态亦表明：裂隙交叉的几何形貌会显著地影响溶质混合行为。这些结果表明,目前被广泛采用的平行平板模型在评估岩体内特别是交叉口的物质运移特性时将导致较大的偏差,在将来的研究中有必要针对裂隙交叉口的几何特征建立修正的模型以提高评估的准确性。 相似文献
10.
地下多组分反应溶质运移数值模拟:地质资源和环境研究的新方法 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
地下多组分反应溶质运移数值模拟(RTM)是解释地球系统中的耦合过程和不同时空尺度对其影响的重要工具。RTM是研究地球科学基础理论、地质资源和环境等复杂地球化学过程的一个新方法,可用于如废物处置安全性评估、地下水污染研究、二氧化碳地质储存、金属矿床的地浸开采等的研究中。笔者首先回顾了反应溶质溶质运移模拟的发展历史,然后总结了反应溶质运移模拟的发展现状,再从耦合过程、空间尺度、裂隙和非均质介质处理角度说明了反应溶质运移模拟所面临的挑战。结合地下水质的演化、生物降解、CO2地质储存等具体实例讨论了反应溶质运移模拟的广泛应用前景,探讨了反应溶质运移模拟的未来发展方向。 相似文献
11.
在地下水的相关研究中,农药和石油等地下水污染、土地盐碱化、海水入侵等诸多实际问题主要的研究方法都涉及地下水溶质迁移模拟. 相比地下水水流模拟的相对完善,对溶质迁移的模拟比较薄弱且迁移过程本身复杂性较高,目前地下水溶质迁移的研究工作还处在全面发展的阶段. 文中阐述了反映地下水溶质迁移机理和过程的数学模型,综述了溶质迁移模拟在地下水污染物防治、土地盐碱化、海水入侵、石油和放射性废物扩散等问题的诸多应用,归类了目前溶质迁移模拟所使用的对流迁移、对流-弥散模拟等主要数值方法,并对这些方法的优缺点和应用实例做了总结. 最后,分析了目前溶质迁移模拟中存在的不足,展望了未来在参数确定、裂隙介质运移机理和多相介质条件下运移模拟可能取得的突破. 相似文献
12.
Laboratory and field experiments done on fractured rock show that flow and solute transport often occur along flow channels. ‘Sparse channels’ refers to the case where these channels are characterised by flow in long flow paths separated from each other by large spacings relative to the size of flow domain. A literature study is presented that brings together information useful to assess whether a sparse-channel network concept is an appropriate representation of the flow system in tight fractured rock of low transmissivity, such as that around a nuclear waste repository in deep crystalline rocks. A number of observations are made in this review. First, conventional fracture network models may lead to inaccurate results for flow and solute transport in tight fractured rocks. Secondly, a flow dimension of 1, as determined by the analysis of pressure data in well testing, may be indicative of channelised flow, but such interpretation is not unique or definitive. Thirdly, in sparse channels, the percolation may be more influenced by the fracture shape than the fracture size and orientation but further studies are needed. Fourthly, the migration of radionuclides from a waste canister in a repository to the biosphere may be strongly influenced by the type of model used (e.g. discrete fracture network, channel model). Fifthly, the determination of appropriateness of representing an in situ flow system by a sparse-channel network model needs parameters usually neglected in site characterisation, such as the density of channels or fracture intersections. 相似文献
13.
Hybrid analytical and finite element numerical modeling of mass and heat transport in fractured rocks with matrix diffusion 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Christopher I. McDermott Robert Walsh Ralph Mettier Georg Kosakowski Olaf Kolditz 《Computational Geosciences》2009,13(3):349-361
Quantification of mass and heat transport in fractured porous rocks is important to areas such as contaminant transport, storage
and release in fractured rock aquifers, the migration and sorption of radioactive nuclides from waste depositories, and the
characterization of engineered heat exchangers in the context of enhanced geothermal systems. The large difference between
flow and transport characteristics in fractures and in the surrounding matrix rock means models of such systems are forced
to make a number of simplifications. Analytical approaches assume a homogeneous system, numerical approaches address the scale
at which a process is operating, but may lose individual important processes due to averaging considerations. Numerical stability
criteria limit the contrasts possible in defining material properties. Here, a hybrid analytical–numerical method for transport
modeling in fractured media is presented. This method combines a numerical model for flow and transport in a heterogeneous
fracture and an analytical solution for matrix diffusion. By linking the two types of model, the advantages of both methods
can be combined. The methodology as well as the mathematical background are developed, verified for simple geometries, and
applied to fractures representing experimental field conditions in the Grimsel rock laboratory. 相似文献
14.
15.
The effects of stress/deformation on fluid flow and contaminant transport in fractured rocks is one of the major concerns for performance and safety assessments of many subsurface engineering problems, especially radioactive waste disposal and oil/gas reservoir fields. However, very little progress has been made to study this issue due to difficulties in both experiments and numerical modeling. The objective of this study is to systematically investigate the influence of stress on solute transport in fractured rocks for the first time, considering different stress and hydraulic pressure conditions. A hybrid approach combining discrete element method (DEM) for stress-flow simulations and a particle tracking algorithm is developed. The impact of matrix diffusion (diffusion of molecular size solutes in and out of the rock matrix, and sorption onto the surface of micropores in rock matrix) is also included. The numerical results show that stress not only significantly changes the solute residence time through the fracture networks, but also changes the solute travel paths. Matrix diffusion plays a dominant role in solute transport when the hydraulic gradient is small, which is often encountered in practice. 相似文献
16.
岩溶区地下水数值模拟研究进展 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
岩溶含水介质的不均一性导致岩溶地下水流动、溶质运移和热量迁移的数学模拟研究成为地下水模拟的难点。本文综述了岩溶区地下水流模拟的几种方法,重点阐述了等效多孔介质法、双重连续介质法和三重介质法的定义、发展过程和适用范围,并回顾了这几种方法的研究成果。从等效多孔介质法到三重介质法,模拟精度不断提高,适用范围也逐渐由大区域实际问题向小区域理论研究过渡。介绍了溶质运移模拟和热迁移模拟的研究方法及实例。溶质运移模拟以对流弥散方程为基础,其中尺度效应是溶质运移模拟的重点研究问题;热量迁移模拟应考虑地下热水密度变化对地下热水运动的影响。溶质运移模拟和热量迁移模拟往往是将迁移模型和已经调试成功的地下水流动模型相耦合,从而达到模拟溶质及热量迁移的目的。由于溶质运移和热量迁移的复杂性,现阶段水流模型多数处于等效多孔介质模型阶段。综合理论及实际应用,指出精确刻画裂隙及管道和注重基础数学算法是岩溶水数值模拟进步的关键。 相似文献