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1.
Three-dimensional ocean sensor networks: A survey 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The past decade has seen a growing interest in ocean sensor networks because of their wide applications in marine research,oceanography,ocean monitoring,offshore exploration,and defense or homeland security.Ocean sensor networks are generally formed with various ocean sensors,autonomous underwater vehicles,surface stations,and research vessels.To make ocean sensor network applications viable,efficient communication among all devices and components is crucial.Due to the unique characteristics of underwater acoustic channels and the complex deployment environment in three dimensional(3D) ocean spaces,new efficient and reliable communication and networking protocols are needed in design of ocean sensor networks.In this paper,we aim to provide an overview of the most recent advances in network design principles for 3D ocean sensor networks,with focuses on deployment,localization,topology design,and position-based routing in 3D ocean spaces. 相似文献
2.
虽然3G网络的安全机制扩展到核心网络,但是并没有实现端到端安全.基于自生成证书公钥密码体制,设计一种端到端密钥协商协议,只需要一个消息交换就可以建立安全的三方会话密钥.安全性分析结果表明:基于移动网络的端到端密钥协商协议能够解决密钥管理及第三方无举证窃听,与其他密钥协商协议相比,具有较好的安全性,为端到端加密在移动通信系统中的大规模应用提供基础. 相似文献
3.
《中国海洋湖沼学报》2016,(5)
Directional wave spectra and integrated wave parameters can be derived from X-band radar sea surface images.A vessel on the sea surface has a significant influence on wave parameter inversions that can be seen as intensive backscatter speckles in X-band wave monitoring radar sea surface images.A novel algorithm to eliminate the interference of vessels in ocean wave height inversions from X-band wave monitoring radar is proposed.This algorithm is based on the characteristics of the interference.The principal components(PCs) of a sea surface image sequence are extracted using empirical orthogonal function(EOF)analysis.The standard deviation of the PCs is then used to identify vessel interference within the image sequence.To mitigate the interference,a suppression method based on a frequency domain geometric model is applied.The algorithm framework has been applied to OSMAR-X,a wave monitoring system developed by Wuhan University,based on nautical X-band radar.Several sea surface images captured on vessels by OSMAR-X are processed using the method proposed in this paper.Inversion schemes are validated by comparisons with data from in situ wave buoys.The root-mean-square error between the significant wave heights(SWH) retrieved from original interference radar images and those measured by the buoy is reduced by 0.25 m.The determinations of surface gravity wave parameters,in particular SWH,confirm the applicability of the proposed method. 相似文献
4.
Wang Fan Wang Jianing Xu Lijun Zhang Xiangguang Yan Shefeng Chen Yonghua 《中国海洋湖沼学报》2020,38(4):1080-1091
Subsurface mooring allows researchers to measure the ocean properties suchas water te mperature,salinity,and velocity at several depths of the water column for a long period.Traditional subsurface mooring can release data only after recovered,which constrains the usage of the subsurface and deep layer data in the ocean and climate predictions.Recently,we developed a new real-time subsurface mooring(RTSM).Velocity profiles over upper 1 000 m depth and layered data from sensors up to 5 000 m depth can be realtime transmitted to the small surface buoy through underwater acoustic communication and then to the office through Beidou or Iridium satellite.To verify and refine their design and data transmission process,we deployed more than 30 sets of RTSMs in the western Pacific to do a 1-year continuous run during2016-2018.The continuous running period of RTSM in a 1-year cycle can reach more than 260 days on average,and more than 95% of observed data can be successfully transmitted back to the office.Compared to the widely-used inductive coupling communication,wireless acoustic communication has been shown more applicable to the underwater sensor network with large depth intervals and long transmission distance to the surface. 相似文献
5.
船舶轨迹的自动观测记录已进入了大数据时代,其呈爆炸式增长的趋势给传统的轨迹数据管理方式带来了巨大挑战。本文针对通用船舶自动识别系统(AIS)岸基网络中船舶轨迹数据上传频率高,数据量大,覆盖范围广的特点,首先,分析了当前常见船舶轨迹数据存储方法存在的缺陷,概括了船舶轨迹数据的特征并对其进行抽象建模,然后,在时空立方体模型的基础上,提出了从抽样时刻、步进时段到每日航次的三层组织框架的建模思想,设计了Geodatabase的网格化三级时空立方体模型,实现了海洋运输船舶轨迹观测记录的Geodatabase管理方法。通过我国AIS岸基网络(温州-汕头)单日观测数据的实例验证,表明该模型存储及时空查询性能良好,且具有轨迹数据存储、查询和空间分析一体化管理的独特优势。 相似文献
6.
针对大型船舶长航道乘潮进港窗口期时长不充足问题,本文提出了基于船舶自动识别系统（Automatic Identification System,AIS）数据、港口潮汐数据、官方电子海图数据和航道地理位置数据等多源海事数据的大型船舶长航道精细化分段乘潮模型。首先,基于AIS数据采用K中心点算法对大型船舶乘潮航行行为特征进行挖掘,识别出大型船舶乘潮航迹关键点,计算大型船舶乘潮航行行为变化关键船位点。接着,结合长航道地理环境特征和大型船舶航行行为特征对长航道进行精细化分段,在此基础上基于港口潮汐数据构建大型船舶精细化分段乘潮窗口期计算模型。其次,设计乘潮历时自适应排列算法求解大型船舶乘潮最长窗口期;然后,以黄骅港综合港区航道为例验证了本文所提出的精细化分段乘潮模型。最后,基于电子海图数据利用地理信息系统平台实现大型船舶精细化分段乘潮三维动态推演,进一步验证大型船舶精细化分段乘潮航行的安全性。结果表明,该模型能够有效增加大型船舶乘潮进港窗口期时长,提高大型船舶乘潮进港效率,可为港航管理部门制定大型船舶进港计划提供理论指导。 相似文献
7.
A real-time photo-realistic rendering algorithm of ocean color is introduced in the paper, which considers the impact of ocean bio-optical model. The ocean bio-optical model mainly involves the phytoplankton, colored dissolved organic material (CDOM), inorganic suspended particle, etc., which have different contributions to absorption and scattering of light. We decompose the emergent light of the ocean surface into the reflected light from the sun and the sky, and the subsurface scattering light. We establish an ocean surface transmission model based on ocean bidirectional reflectance distribution function (BRDF) and the Fresnel law, and this model’s outputs would be the incident light parameters of subsurface scattering. Using ocean subsurface scattering algorithm combined with bio-optical model, we compute the scattering light emergent radiation in different directions. Then, we blend the reflection of sunlight and sky light to implement the real-time ocean color rendering in graphics processing unit (GPU). Finally, we use two kinds of radiance reflectance calculated by Hydrolight radiative transfer model and our algorithm to validate the physical reality of our method, and the results show that our algorithm can achieve real-time highly realistic ocean color scenes. 相似文献
8.
针对现有多通道定位控制装置数据通信和组网能力有限的问题,设计一种基于以太网的高精度定位系统,以FPGA为核心处理器,结合高性能18位数模和16位模数转换模块、W5300网络通信模块以及PID控制算法。多台定位控制系统可通过交换机或集线器组网,网络传输速度最高可达50Mbps,能实现中心计算机远程设置位置控制参数,以及对位置控制数据的远距离实时采集与分析,不但成本低廉,而且操作方便灵活,适合复杂平台系统的分布式控制,并在测试中通过。 相似文献
9.
Vessel Monitoring System(VMS) provides a new opportunity for quantified fishing research. Many approaches have been proposed to recognize fishing activities with VMS trajectories based on the types of fishing vessels. However, one research problem is still calling for solutions, how to identify the fishing vessel type based on only VMS trajectories. This problem is important because it requires the fishing vessel type as a preliminary to recognize fishing activities from VMS trajectories. This paper proposes fishing vessel type identification scheme(FVID) based only on VMS trajectories. FVID exploits feature engineering and machine learning schemes of XGBoost as its two key blocks and classifies fishing vessels into nine types. The dataset contains all the fishing vessel trajectories in the East China Sea in March 2017, including 10031 pre-registered fishing vessels and 1350 unregistered vessels of unknown types. In order to verify type identification accuracy, we first conduct a 4-fold cross-validation on the trajectories of registered fishing vessels. The classification accuracy is 95.42%. We then apply FVID to the unregistered fishing vessels to identify their types. After classifying the unregistered fishing vessel types, their fishing activities are further recognized based upon their types. At last, we calculate and compare the fishing density distribution in the East China Sea before and after applying the unregistered fishing vessels, confirming the importance of type identification of unregistered fishing vessels. 相似文献
10.
空间聚类是空间数据挖掘的重要方法,而K-Medoids是一种常用的空间聚类算法。K-Medoids聚类算法存在初始点选择问题,而且计算复杂。为了提高算法的有效性和时间效率,本文结合模拟退火算法思想,改进了传统的K-Medoids算法PAM,提出一种基于GPU计算的并行模拟退火PAM算法。类比矩阵乘法运算,定义了一种新的矩阵计算方法,可以有效减少数据在GPU全局内存和共享内存之间的传输,提高了算法在GPU中的执行效率。利用模拟退火算法搜索聚类中心点,保证了聚类结果的全局最优性。基于不同的数据集,将串行和并行模拟退火PAM算法以及已有的遗传PAM算法进行比较,结果表明并行模拟退火PAM算法聚类结果正确,且时间效率高。最后,应用本文改进算法对贵州省安监系统的安全监管隐患数据进行聚类分析,发现了隐患聚集中心,相关结果对政府的决策具有一定的实际应用价值。 相似文献
11.
针对地震信号中存在大量环境噪声的问题,基于天然地震事件和人工爆破事件建立初始数据集,利用集合经验模态分解（EEMD）技术对波形信号进行分解、降噪,提取出较纯净的各阶本征模态函数（IMF）分量,然后对前10阶分量分别计算分布熵,即EEMD多尺度分布熵,建立神经网络输入矩阵。应用鲸鱼优化算法（WOA）对自组织特征映射（SOM）神经网络参数（竞争层维数、网络训练次数）进行优化,针对不同训练样本寻找对应的最优参数值以改善模式识别的稳定性,从而提高地震识别率。结果表明,EEMD多尺度分布熵结合WOA-SOM模型可有效识别天然地震和人工地震。 相似文献
12.
南海区域商船典型空间分布及贸易流向研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
随着中国对外开放的深入以及“一带一路”倡议的推进,南海战略地位更加显著。如何科学监管南海船舶,维护国家权益,促进地区之间贸易也成为摆在政府部门面前的难题。在本文中利用南海区域2015年的卫星AIS数据与船舶数据档案资料,通过计算南海水域船舶交通密度分析主要航路,与关键门线船舶流量计算相结合,明确船舶典型空间分布;同时基于4种类型船舶的主要航路的选择,明确南海货物贸易主要流向。研究成果表明：① 船舶空间分布在《世界大洋航路》的推荐航线上,南海的建设开发并未影响船舶的贸易运输;② 贸易运输以跨越南海的长距离运输为主,珠三角作为主要航路的重要端点表明中国在南海贸易的优势地位。 相似文献
13.
Noise level in a marine environment has raised extensive concern in the scientific community. The research is carried out on i4Ocean platform following the process of ocean noise model integrating, noise data extracting, processing, visualizing, and interpreting, ocean noise map constructing and publishing. For the convenience of numerical computation, based on the characteristics of ocean noise field, a hybrid model related to spatial locations is suggested in the propagation model. The normal mode method K/I model is used for far field and ray method CANARY model is used for near field. Visualizing marine ambient noise data is critical to understanding and predicting marine noise for relevant decision making. Marine noise map can be constructed on virtual ocean scene. The systematic marine noise visualization framework includes preprocessing, coordinate transformation interpolation, and rendering. The simulation of ocean noise depends on realistic surface. Then the dynamic water simulation gird was improved with GPU fusion to achieve seamless combination with the visualization result of ocean noise. At the same time, the profile and spherical visualization include space, and time dimensionality were also provided for the vertical field characteristics of ocean ambient noise. Finally, marine noise map can be published with grid pre-processing and multistage cache technology to better serve the public. 相似文献
14.
线性Radon变换噪音压制法及其在古龙断陷中的应用 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
针对松辽盆地北部古龙断陷地震资料信噪比低、线性干扰强特点,提出应用线性Radon变换进行叠前线性噪音压制的预处理方法,Radon变换可在炮集和CMP道集上进行运算,算法简单,易于编程实现,其积分路径的特点适合线性噪音压制.模拟数据和实际地震资料应用结果表明,线性Radon变换法能够实现保幅的线性噪音压制,是叠前提高地震资料信噪比的实用方法,在地震资料预处理中具有应用前景. 相似文献
15.
城市人群聚集消散时空模式探索分析——以深圳市为例 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
城市中人群的移动是带有目的性的,城市空间结构功能也存在差异,导致人群在城市中出现聚集或消散的现象,而且该现象会随着时间不断变化。本文基于海量的手机位置数据,以深圳市为例,采用自相关分析识别出城市中人群聚集与消散的区域,然后将这些区域一天中人群聚散组合成时间序列矩阵,采用自组织图聚类方法（SOM）进行聚类得到9种典型的人群聚集、消散时空模式,结合土地利用现状数据,分析解释了每种聚散模式最可能出现的土地利用组合。该研究从聚集和消散的角度探索了城市人群移动的时空模式,进一步帮助理解城市不同区域人群的移动模式以及与城市空间结构功能之间的关系,对城市规划、交通管理具有参考和指导意义。 相似文献
16.
本文介绍一种微机数据交换系统。该系统参考OSf基本模式设计,适合目前国内IBM—PC/XT微机通信状况。系统在假脱机方式下通信,软件设计上大量采用中断窃权的办法。文章还针对PC机执行双用户/双任务工作时,容易发生磁盘瓶颈效应的现象,介绍了解决磁盘I/O瓶颈效应的方法。 系统采用半双工制式异步串行通信,速率为50～9600bit/S任选。网络结构采用全通型〔无线、有线〕、总线型〔有线〕或辐射型〔报线〕。用户根据需要可进行选址和全址通信,以实现微机远程磁盘文件拷贝。 相似文献
17.
建筑物点云表面重建在高精度城市测绘、虚拟现实等领域有十分广泛的应用前景。由于建筑物的几何形态多变,重建算法普遍存在计算速率慢、拟合精度低和模型结构不完整的问题。为此,本文以单体建筑物为研究对象,提出基于加权约束的单体建筑物点云表面重建算法,在表面初始化过程中充分考虑数据对结构拟合的贡献。在此基础上,构建基于正则集的单体建筑物表面重建算法,实现建筑物拟合过程中的加权拟合误差、近邻结构平滑的同步优化。针对多类建筑物三维点云的实验结果表明,相比传统的建筑物重建策略,本文的加权约束方法可根据不同类型的点云数据设计自适应权重,并选择模型拟合中最优的权重函数,在高噪声、低精度点云数据下能得到更高精度的单体建筑物表面模型。 相似文献
18.
利用终端位置时空转移概率预测通讯基站服务用户规模 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
基站服务用户数的预测对通信基站的空间位置选取、通讯服务带宽的配置优化等有重要作用,并为城市公共安全管理方面中的人群聚集预警与群体事件预防提供辅助决策支持。本文利用海量手机轨迹数据,运用时空转移概率定量化描述城市内不同区域间人群流动的时空特性,结合马尔可夫链和贝叶斯定理,构建手机用户群体在基站间的时空转移概率模型,并以此提出一种城市区域尺度上的基站服务用户数预测方法。利用湖北省某城市长达30 d的手机轨迹数据进行模型训练与预测方法验证,实验结果表明：在时间粒度为60 min时,本文提出的方法对8-22时各时段基站服务用户数预测准确率都大于94.8%;在不同时间粒度下对比本文方法、Castro模型、移动平均法,发现在时间粒度大于20 min时,本文方法预测准确率高于另外两种方法。 相似文献
19.
赵莹 《大地测量与地球动力学》2019,39(8):869-874
利用全台网垂直摆倾斜仪的观测数据，研究不同采样率对功率谱密度结果的影响，并对不同台站、不同类型仪器连续观测数据在地震频段（200~600 s）的背景噪声水平进行着重分析。结果表明：1）不论是单个测站还是全国台网的统计结果，均显示2类垂直摆在地震频段噪声水平相当；2）在区域分布上未见明显规律性变化，但由于受海浪及活跃构造运动的影响，沿海地区部分台站噪声水平较高；3）高噪声水平仪器观测曲线普遍表现为不光滑、毛刺多，除部分台站受海浪影响，大多是观测环境或仪器本身的原因。 相似文献
20.
According to the characteristics of Chinese marginal seas, the Marginal Sea Model of China (MSMC) has been developed independently in China. Because the model requires long simulation time, as a routine forecasting model, the parallelism of MSMC becomes necessary to be introduced to improve the performance of it. However, some methods used in MSMC, such as Successive Over Relaxation (SOR) algorithm, are not suitable for parallelism. In this paper, methods are developedto solve the parallel problem of the SOR algorithm following the steps as below. First, based on a 3D computing grid system, an automatic data partition method is implemented to dynamically divide the computing grid according to computing resources. Next, based on the characteristics of the numerical forecasting model, a parallel method is designed to solve the parallel problem of the SOR algorithm. Lastly, a communication optimization method is provided to avoid the cost of communication. In the communication optimization method, the non-blocking communication of Message Passing Interface (MPI) is used to implement the parallelism of MSMC with complex physical equations, and the process of communication is overlapped with the computations for improving the performance of parallel MSMC. The experiments show that the parallel MSMC runs 97.2 times faster than the serial MSMC, and root mean square error between the parallel MSMC and the serial MSMC is less than 0.01 for a 30-day simulation (172800 time steps), which meets the requirements of timeliness and accuracy for numerical ocean forecasting products. 相似文献