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1.
Sustainability science needs approaches that allow for the integration of knowledge across disciplines and scales. This paper suggests an approach to conceptualize problems of unsustainability by embedding the Drivers-Pressure-State-Impact-Response (DPSIR) scheme within a multi-level institutional framework represented by Hägerstrand’s system of nested domains. The proposed taxonomy helps to decipher and to better understand key casual chains and societal responses at the appropriate spatial levels for particular sustainability problem areas. To illustrate the scheme more concretely the example of recent problem-solving efforts for Baltic Sea eutrophication driven by Swedish agriculture is examined. The discussion focuses on how the scheme fulfills the four research strategy requirements within the field of sustainability science and how the scheme is distinct from alternative approaches. 相似文献
2.
Karst is a special type of landscape that is formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks and forces the investigators to pay attention to hydrological and ecological problems, karst hazards, karst management, and the sustainability of karst environments, etc. To better explore the research hotspots of karst in 2016, 1472 papers included in the Web of Science (WoS) and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) were collected and the CiteSpace software was used to generate visualizing information for bibliometrics analysis. The frontiers in the karst research can be reflected, which provides the basis information for scholars to achieve concise objectives and find breakthrough innovation in the future. When karst or stalagmite was selected as the key word, 795 SCI papers published in 2016 were collected. The clustering results of key words in 795 papers showed that the main research hotspots were “karst hydrochemistry”, “karst rocky desertification and biogeochemistry”, “climate change and paleoenvironmental reconstruction” and “karst engineering and hazard”. China has made great contributions to these papers on karst research, which reflects the regional comparative advantage on karst research in China, though Chinese scholars are lacking in the tight linkage with scholars from other countries. Moreover, 677 papers were collected when karst or stalagmite was chosen as the key word in CNKI. The clustering data showed that the main research hotspots in CNKI were “karst hydrochemistry”, “karst rocky desertification and biogeochemistry”, “karst oil and gas resources” and “karst engineering and hazard”. From the above results, it was found that domestic and international research hotspots of karst were different. 相似文献
3.
Wu Jianguo He Chunyang Zhang Qingyun Yu Deyong Huang Ganlin Huang Qingxu 《地球科学进展》2014,29(12):1315-1324
Climate change and land use/land cover change have resulted in water shortage, degraded ecosystem services, and increased disaster risks across the world. Developing strategies and measures for achieving regional and global sustainability in the face of these environmental problems is a key topic of current climate change research. This paper provides an overview of the 973 project, entitled “Integrative Modeling and Strategic Planning for Regional Sustainability under Climate Change”, including its background, relative progresses, key scientific questions, major research elements, methodology, and expected outcomes. The proposed research is based on sustainability science, guided by the idea of Orderly Human Activities (OHA), and implemented through an integrated methodology of combining field observations, simulation experiments, and scenario analysis. The main objectives of the project are: to quantify the relationship between human activities and climate change, to assess the impacts of human activities on ecosystem services and human well being in the face of climate change, and to develop an integrated model of climate change, OHA, and regional sustainable development. The ultimate goal is to provide a landscape/regional-scale strategy for sustainable development in the face of climate change. The project is expected to help advance the science and application of landscape sustainability science and land system design, particularly in terms of linking climate change, ecosystem services, and human well-being in the dry land region of China. 相似文献
4.
大洋钻探与大洋地壳研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
近代地球科学有两大发展趋势：一是向地球深部延伸，目的于探查地球深部的物质组成与作用过程，其代表性学科即地球动力学；二是向全球性扩展，把区域性的地学问题同全球变化联系起来，研究大气圈，生物圈，水圈和冰冻圈的变化及其复杂的相互作用，代表性学科即广义的环境科学。由于海洋占地球表面的７１％以上，洋壳只有５～６ＫＭ，海底又有丰富的矿产资源，因此人类目前比以往任何时候都更加重视海洋科学的研究。多国合作、学科光 相似文献
5.
K. S. Chiong Z. F. Mohamad A. R. Abdul Aziz 《International Journal of Environmental Science and Technology》2017,14(4):911-922
In view of the mountainous evidence on destruction of environmental quality and societal well-being as a consequence of rapid economic development, sustainability has gained vast attention from the community and industrial players. Tertiary education is a platform through which sustainability can be inculcated within the society as it imparts knowledge and provides various trainings. There has been extensive research on factors that encourage sustainability integration into Institutions of Higher Education in the last decade. However, majority of the previous publications only discuss one or two factors exclusively and there is no literature that summarizes and discusses such factors in a collective manner. This paper provides an overview of the main factors that encourage sustainability integration into Institutions of Higher Education in the last decade. It aims at providing a one-stop reference for future researchers who need a reference on factors that encourage sustainability integration into Institutions of Higher Education, especially those who are interested in conducting a progressive research in this context. Accordingly, a review of relevant publications from year 2000 and above was conducted and it was found that there are generally eight main factors, which encourage sustainability integration into Institutions of Higher Education, which are: (1) integration into curricula; (2) suitable pedagogy; (3) campus management; (4) research; (5) opportunities provision; (6) availability of social capital; (7) awareness level; and (8) community outreach. There is no indicator on the impact level of these factors, and thus, it is suggested that relevant research can be conducted in future. 相似文献
6.
地理本体的研究进展与分析 总被引：23，自引：0，他引：23
地理本体是地理信息科学中的一个新兴的和正在发展的研究领域,从提出至今仅有10年的历史。因此,有重点系统分析地理本体研究的发展历程与进展,对中国在此方面的研究定位具有重要意义。文章在深入分析科学领域本体的定义基础上,进行了地理本体定义,探讨了地理本体的研究意义,列举了国际上与地理本体相关的主要计划与学术会议,详细剖析了当前国内外的地理本体理论研究与应用方面取得的进展。地理本体研究已成为国际GIS领域一个重要的新兴研究方向并得到了蓬勃发展,而国内在这方面的研究才刚刚开始,只有少数学者开展了一些探索性的思考和研究。因此,中国应紧跟国际地理本体的研究动态,积极开展我国自己的地理本体理论、方法和应用研究。 相似文献
7.
全球变化和可持续发展科学 总被引：45，自引：0，他引：45
文章回顾了全球变化研究的发展史 ,介绍了IGBP ,IHDP ,WCRP ,DIVERSITAS 4个国际全球变化研究组织的研究方向与核心内容以及它们共同提出的碳循环、食物、水资源三大课题。全球环境变化的实质是人与自然界关系的变化。人类活动改变地球系统动力的强度已经超过自然界变动的限度 ,“人类世”的概念与可持续发展科学应运而生。西方学者认为发达地区与发展中地区之间存在着阻碍可持续发展的鸿沟。笔者从可持续发展科学的角度讨论了发达地区与发展中地区的关系 ,并以我国东部与西部为例 ,指出若能通过政府的可持续发展政策 ,推动各职能系统的工作 ,实现信息、技术、经济的不断交互流动 ,就可以找到消除鸿沟的途径。 相似文献
8.
Climate change is one of the most active research fields currently, which has attracted extensive attention from the international community. In order to better understand the development situation and research status of international climate change science, in this paper we took the SSCI and SCI databases as data sources, collected the relevant literatures since 1900 based on the key words related to climate change, and made some statistics and analysis of the literatures of the past one hundred years to reveal the development process of climate change research as well as the development and evolution of its research topics and hot spots. The results showed that the climate change research began in the late 18 th century and early 19 th century, and the academic debate about global warming and global cooling started in the early 1970s. The international programs and projects led by a range of international organizations and intergovernmental bodies have contributed significantly to the rapid development of climate change research. The United States and the United Kingdom have long been the core countries of climate change research. The proportion of Chinese papers has risen rapidly in the last decade. The intensity and scope of scientific research cooperation are constantly expanding. Current research focuses on climate model/modeling, climate simulation, climate policy, climate sensitivity, climate change impacts, climate change adaptation, climate change mitigation, and rate of climate change. 相似文献
9.
An intense environmental dispute surrounds the maize-fields of Mexico. Mexican maize traditional varieties (or ‘landraces’) constitute a global genetic resource that may well be critical to future agricultural development and corn breeding. Many environmentalists, farmers, and consumers in Mexico are therefore concerned that their maize landraces may have been ‘contaminated’ by imported transgenic maize, grown in the USA. The criticisms of this transgenic technology are complex and call into question the nature of the boundary between political and ecological (i.e. scientific) disputes. Our paper surveys these criticisms, and this political-scientific boundary, in a three-part analysis. First, we turn to Gramsci’s notes on science from his eleventh prison notebook to rethink the political ecology of transgenic maize, i.e., the way the ecological analysis of transgenic introgression is treated as politics. Second, we present the multiple criticisms of transgenic maize as scalar phenomena. Third, we review the recent scientific literature on transgene introgression to evaluate recent calls for the ‘decontamination’ of Mexican maize. Our reading illustrates two dilemmas facing the group that occupies the hegemonic subject-position in this dispute, ecological scientists. First, the popular desire to ‘decontaminate’ Mexican maize exceeds their capacities (due to complications involved with sampling). Second, although the political debate surrounding ‘contaminated’ Mexican maize exceeds science, the boundary between the dispute’s scientific and parascientific elements cannot be adjudicated scientifically. In other words, the boundary between science and politics is porous. Thus in two respects the dispute is ecological, yet beyond the capacity of this science to resolve. Yet, following Gramsci, these findings should not lead us to see science as mere ideology, or apolitical, or encourage a retreat into metaphysics. Rather it points to the need for a social transformation that sees science as “humanity forging its methods of research … in other words, culture, the conception of the world.” By exploring the dilemmas of decontamination, the dispute over transgene introgression in Mexican maize-fields provides an opportunity to elaborate upon Gramsci’s neglected insights into the politics of science. 相似文献
10.
由于研究对象、目的、数据、方法等方面的不同,自然科学和社会科学的协同存在着非常大的困难,近20年来,气候变化、环境、生态、能源、粮食、资源、灾害、健康等跨学科交叉研究的兴起,为自然科学和社会科学协同带来了新的契机。为克服自然科学和社会科学协同的困难,首先要开展"以解决问题为导向"的研究,从项目初始就贯彻"协同设计、协同实施"的理念,将政府和社会作为全球变化与可持续性研究的服务对象。在研究对象的空间尺度协同上,通过自然科学的降尺度和社会科学的升尺度,在局域尺度上开展气候变化脆弱性与适应研究是实现自然科学和社会科学协同的基础。同时,正确理解和沟通科学的不确定性是自然科学和社会科学协同的重要环节,进行观测数据及调查资料的协同是未来自然科学和社会科学协同成功的关键。最后,对自然科学和社会科学协同中沟通和交流的鸿沟以及人才培养、重理轻文倾向、跨学科研究的评价标准等问题进行了思考和讨论。 相似文献
11.
《Geoforum》2016
The university campus is often considered a key site for the development of environmental sustainability initiatives. At the same time, the concept and practice of sustainability has been critiqued for its lack of conceptual clarity and its proneness to co-optation by neoliberal institutions and organizations. Using a just sustainabilities framework, this article strives to respond to this tension by exploring the possibility of a campus sustainability at the edges, one that is interested in engaging the broader socio-spatial context of a university as well as in tapping into the emotional and relational realms of fostering more sustainable socio-ecological assemblages. Through a case study analysis of the Philadelphia Urban Creators (PUC), a youth-led organization operating within the Temple University-North Philadelphia interface, I find that grassroots sustainability actors possess important knowledge for understanding how sustainability can be a tool for restoring emotional affinity with the environment as well as for enacting transformative socio-ecological change in the urban university context and beyond. Through these explorations, my purpose is twofold: (1) to envision a more diverse, inclusive, and meaningful campus sustainability model that seeks to confront urban crises such as gentrification, racialized poverty, and mass incarceration, and (2) to incorporate emotion and affect geographies into the just sustainabilities research agenda. 相似文献
12.
我国的地球系统科学研究向何处去 总被引：27，自引：8，他引：19
近15年来,全球变化与地球系统科学研究在中国广泛开展,我国科学家越来越积极地参加各项国际计划。当前,一些重大的国际计划正在进入其新阶段（如IGBP-II,IODP）,恰好我国也正在制定科技发展中长期规划,迫切需要回顾我国地球系统科学的现状并探讨其今后方向。尽管中国作者的国际论文数量在增长,我国地球系统科学落后于国际的差距仍有拉大的趋势：国际前沿的许多热点问题,在中国尚未提上日程;中国学者在国际计划中早期多有贡献,但在项目总结中却很少有份。为此,提出 3点建议：（1）中国地球科学家应当扩大视野、立足本国、面向全球;（2）应当注意国际前沿动向,促进地学与生命科学在分子水平上的结合;（3）中国的地球科学,应当从以描述为主向探索理的方向发展。我们不应当满足于向国际学术界输出"原料",而要积极参加地球系统科学中关键问题的理论探讨。 相似文献
13.
Social Ecological System (SES) is the core and highlight of the global change research and sustainability science. Based on Science Citation Index Expanded Database and China National Knowledge Infrastructure, the situation of social ecological system research was analyzed via bibliometrics from 1980 to 2017. The results indicated that: ①The scientific outcomes of social ecological system research are increasing gradually. The developed countries have greatly contributed to it, such as, Sweden and the USA, the leading countries in this field, and Stockholm University is the dominant institution on publication of SES. Cooperation between countries (regions) and institutions is strengthening gradually. ② China is one of the frontier countries in the social ecological system research with a lower increasing speed, its international cooperation and the citation frequency of publications are relatively low, and its international influence should be strengthened in the future. ③ The research highlights are listed as follows: The synergy between social ecological system integrity and social development needs, the complexity and uncertainty of SES, the mechanism between social system and its environmental factors, etc. In addition, under the stress of human activity and global climate change, the research of response and feedback mechanism of SES and policy decision-making are one of the important topics of SES. 相似文献
14.
岩溶IGCP国际合作30年与岩溶关键带研究展望 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
全球岩溶类型多样,对环境变化敏感,资源与环境问题突出,是地球关键带监测与研究的重点,IGCP661项目的执行为岩溶区关键带类型划分与监测对比研究提供了契机和国际合作平台。近30年岩溶IGCP执行始终强调岩溶系统与人类活动环境的相互作用,其轨迹实际上与地球系统科学到地球关键带理念是一脉相承的。IGCP299提出了岩溶形态组合概念,揭示各种岩溶形态与其形成环境之间的因果关系。岩溶动力系统(IGCP379), 岩溶生态系统(IGCP448)概念的提出有助于我们更好地理解岩溶系统的整体功能,及系统内水、生物地球化学过程、人类活动的相互作用,进而形成了一整套岩溶动力学研究方法体系。开辟了岩溶记录与全球变化、碳循环与应对气候变化、石漠化形成演变与生态修复等研究新领域,并取得了丰硕的研究成果,有力地推动了现代岩溶学的发展。 相似文献
15.
《地学学报》1992,4(3):426-426
If you are involved in organizing a meeting, conference or symposium on any aspect of the Earth Sciences, contact the TERRA Abstracts editorial office in Oxford at the earliest stage of your planning. TERRA Abstracts will organize the preparation of high quality supplements containing all the abstracts of your meeting. The headings (titles and authors' names) for the abstracts will be typeset in a standard format and the whole supplement will be bound into a cover designed according to your requirements. These will be delivered to the Conference in good time for distribution to all delegates.
The abstracts presented in each volume of Terra Abstracts are a supplement to Terra Nova and are therefore supplied automatically to all full-price subscribers to Terra Nova and all EUG members to elect to receive the abstracts service. These abstract supplements replace what was previously known as the journal Terra Abstracts . 相似文献
The abstracts presented in each volume of Terra Abstracts are a supplement to Terra Nova and are therefore supplied automatically to all full-price subscribers to Terra Nova and all EUG members to elect to receive the abstracts service. These abstract supplements replace what was previously known as the journal Terra Abstracts . 相似文献
16.
我国地质勘查正面临教从计划经济向社会主义市场经济、从传统地质勘查向以“地球系统科学”为核心的现代地质勘查、从以资源保障向资源环境保障并重、从“一种资源,一个市场”向“两种资源,两个市场”转变的重大变革时期,在此变革中,地质勘查科技水平的发展是至关重要的因素．为此,应从明确主攻方向,选准科技发展目标,加快矿业权市场建设,争取多渠道资金,加大对地勘方法技术研究的投资,加强科技创新人才培养,大力推进科研基地建设,制定和完善有利于推广先进技术的优惠政策,加强科研管理协作和加强国际交流合作等方面来推动我国地质勘查科技的发展． 相似文献
17.
中国加入综合大洋钻探（IODP）科学计划（2003-2013） 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
中国大洋钻探学术委员会 《地球科学进展》2003,18(5):662-665
将于2003年秋开始实施的IODP是一个比ODP更加庞大的国际地球科学合作计划。面对国际深海研究的新挑战,我国应抓紧时机,及早准备,扩大队伍、积聚力量,充分发挥我国自然条件和原有研究积累的优势,将深入国际深海前沿领域与国内的研究结合起来,力争实现中国海深海钻探的新航次,促进我国地球科学进入海陆结合的地球系统研究和全面走向国际的新局面。同时,通过国际合作与国内有关深海工作计划的结合,为维护我国海上权益、探索底资源和为环境、减灾以及发展海洋高新技术做出贡献。我国参加IODP要遵循"有所为,有所不为"的原则,在加入ODP以后取得进展的基础上,优先选择比较成熟和最为迫切的领域,以点带面进行重点突破,逐步扩大,继续加强古海洋学研究,并同时向洋中脊、深部生物圈等新领域发展。具体包括以下优先研究领域：深部生物圈及海底下的海洋,古环境研究,西太平洋大陆边缘岩石圈演化与震源带。希望有关部委积极支持我国有关大洋钻探的基础研究力量和深海资源、技术等项目之间的密切合作,在国内大联合的基础上参加国际计划,制定长远的国家计划,在国家层面上部署深海研究,组成"国家队"参与国际竞争。 相似文献
18.
利用文献计量学方法分析2011-2018年国内外岩溶水文地质学领域研究的动态特征。通过Web of Science（WoS）核心合集数据库,以“Karst hydrogeology”、“Karst groundwater”、“Karst aquifer”、“Karst underground river”、“Karst subterranean stream”、“Karst underground stream”、“Karst spring”“Karst geothermal water”、“Karst thermal groundwater”或“Karst water landscape”为主题词,检索得到1 460篇论文,通过中国知网（CNKI）收录的EI、核心期刊和CSSCI数据库,以“岩溶水文地质”、“岩溶地下水”、“岩溶含水层”、“喀斯特水文地质”、“喀斯特地下水”、“喀斯特含水层”、“地下河”、“岩溶泉水”、“岩溶地热水”、“喀斯特泉水”、“喀斯特地热水”、“岩溶水景观”或“喀斯特水景观”为主题词,检索得到918篇论文。基于WoS和CNKI自带功能及CiteSpace软件分析国家、机构、发文量及期刊等情况,结果表明:中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所充分发挥了其在国内的机构职能和专业优势,中国有待进一步加强其在国际上的地域优势及其活跃度;由基于CiteSpace平台的关键词共现图谱发现国际岩溶水文地质学领域研究的热点问题包括“岩溶水动力学”、“岩溶地下水数值模拟”、“岩溶水文地球化学”和“岩溶水污染”,而国内岩溶水文地质学领域研究的热点问题范围更广,包括“岩溶含水系统”、“岩溶水资源”、“岩溶水环境”和“岩溶水文工程”。 相似文献
19.
中国主要陆地生态系统服务功能与生态安全 总被引：39，自引：0，他引：39
生态系统服务是国际生态学研究的前沿和热点,表现出向生态系统服务机理和区域集成方法两大方向发展的趋势.开展陆地生态系统服务研究,是生态系统恢复、生态功能区划和建立生态补偿机制、保障国家生态安全的重大战略需求.面向国家重大需求和生态系统服务研究的国际前沿,以主要陆地生态系统为对象,"中国主要陆地生态系统服务功能与生态安全"项目拟解决3个科学问题:①生态系统结构-过程-服务功能的相互作用机理;②生态系统服务功能的尺度特征与多尺度关联;③生态系统服务功能评估的指标与模型.通过上述研究,发展生态系统服务研究的理论与方法,为国家的生态建设和环境保护提供科学支撑. 相似文献
20.
国际及中国地球科学发展态势文献计量分析 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
以SCI、ESI（基本科学指标数据库）、GEOREF等数据库为统计分析源,对1993—2003年国际及中国地球科学的发展现状和发展态势从文献计量学的角度进行统计分析,分析了国际地球科学论文产出的主要领域、国家、机构、科学家和期刊,对中国地球科学论文产出的主要领域进行比较分析,并通过论文产出、被引频次、篇均被引频次和国际1%顶尖论文数量对比反映中国的科学影响力。结果表明,国际环境科学和生态学研究论文增长很快,占地球科学相关主题领域论文的比例也比较大,但中国生态学研究论文无论从占国内22个学科论文产出的比例,还是从占全球该领域的比例来说都有较大差距;中国地质科学领域研究重点在地球化学、金属矿产和能源的经济地质学,但在环境地质学领域研究相对较少,而国际上环境地质学研究论文的发展已经大大高于传统的地质学论文。 相似文献