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卢晓平 《测绘与空间地理信息》2008,31(1):122-126
由于GIS软件平台与CAD软件平台各自具有的优势不一样,如何把ArcGIS和AutoCAD相结合,利用各自优势,快速有效地进行地形图数据库内业编辑、数据分析;本文重点讨论了GIS和CAD数据交换的问题. 相似文献
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在我国治沙大军中,有这样一对父子——父亲是赫赫有名的全国治沙英雄石光银,儿子是治沙的后起之秀石战军。在陕西定边毛乌素沙地边缘,父子二人共同谱写了一曲人进沙退的壮歌。老石以毕生的治沙经验培养着儿子,石战军则不负重托,干得有声有色。然而,就在老石可以把自己的治沙事业托付给儿子时,一场车祸夺走了石战军年轻的生命。经历了丧子之痛,老英雄又一次坚强地回到了治沙第一线,这一次,他肩上承载的是两代人的治沙理想。人进沙退,绿锁黄龙。中国林业发展到今天、治沙成果如此显著,正是因为有无数石家父子这样的人,一代接着一代干,甚至不惜献出宝贵的生命。他们用汗水和热血在茫茫沙地浇灌出片片绿荫,铸就了加快现代林业发展的坚实基础。 相似文献
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德国汉诺威大学土木工程与测量系地球测量研究所Guenter Seeber教授所著的《SatelliteGeodesy》(卫星大地测量学)第2版已于2003年由德国Walter de Gruyter出版社在柏林出版.本书的第1版于1993年由该出版社出版,都是用英文写成.第1版曾由国家地震局地震研究所赖锡安教授等译成中文于1998年由地震出版社出版.第2版与第1版之间相隔恰好10年,10年来卫星大地测量领域有了很大的发展和变化,Seeber教授以其深邃的眼光、严谨的学风和渊博的知识全面修订和扩展了第1版.本文结合第1版,将第2版的主要内容和特色介绍给我国读者,希望能对广大测绘同行有所裨益. 相似文献
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王家耀 《测绘科学技术学报》2007,24(1):F0002-F0002
由原《测绘学院学报》改版后的《测绘科学技术学报》已经面世一年了. 在过去的2006年里,本刊得到了编委会顾问、编委、通信编委及国内外同行和学者的厚爱、关心和支持,内涵有了进一步扩展,质量有了进一步的提高,被评为"首届中国高校优秀科技期刊". 相似文献
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基于VBA的Excel测量程序开发技术 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
基于VBA开发Excel测量程序具有简便、高效和通用的特点,程序的使用具有直观、实时、动态、灵活、交互性与图形功能强等明显的优势.由于Office软件使用的普遍性及其组件之间数据良好的交互性和共享性,Excel在数据处理与相应报告的生成等方面更具优势.以开发实例介绍使用VBA开发Excel测量程序的主要技术方法. 相似文献
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Remote sensing and GIS application in the detection of environmental degradation indicators 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The main aim of this research is to highlight the environment change indicators during the last 20 years in a representa-tive area of the southern part of Iraq(Basrah Province was taken as a case) to understand the main causes which led to widespread environment degradation phenomena using a 1:250000 mapping scale.Remote sensing and GIS’s software were used to classify Landsat TM in 1990 and Landsat ETM+ in 2003 imagery into five land use and land cover(LULC) classes:vegetation land,sand land,urban area,unused land,and water bodies.Supervised classification and Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI),Normalized Difference Build-up Index(NDBI),Normalized Difference Water Index(NDWI),Normalized Difference Salinity In-dex(NDSI),and Topsoil Grain Size Index(GSI) were adopted in this research and used respectively to retrieve its class boundary.The results showed a clear deterioration in vegetative cover(514.9 km2) and an increase of sand dune accumulations(438.6 km2),accounting for 10.1,and 10.6 percent,respectively,of the total study area.In addition,a decrease in the water bodies’ area was de-tected(228.9 km2).Sand area accumulations had increased in the total study area,with an annual increasing expansion rate of(33.7 km2·yr·1) during the thirteen years covered by the study.It is therefore imperative that Iraqi government undertake a series of pru-dent actions now that will enable to be in the best possible position when the current environmental crisis ultimately passes. 相似文献
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Understanding rates, patterns and types of land use and land cover (LULC) changes are essential for various decision-making processes. This study quantified LULC changes and the effect of urban expansion in three Saudi Arabian cities: Riyadh, Jeddah and Makkah using Landsat images of 1985, 2000 and 2014. Seasonal change of vegetation cover was conducted using normalised difference vegetation index, and object-based image analysis was used to classify the LULC changes. The overall accuracies of the classified maps ranged from 84 to 95%, which indicated sufficiently robust results. Urban area was the most changed land cover, and most of the converted land to urban was from bare soil. The seasonal analysis showed that the change of vegetation cover was not constant due to climatic conditions in these areas. The agricultural lands were significantly decreased between 1985 and 2014, and most of these lands were changed to bare soil due to dwindling groundwater resources. 相似文献
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Land use and land cover (LULC) change detection associated with oil and gas activities plays an important role in effective sustainable management practices, compliance monitoring, and reclamation assessment. In this study, a mapping methodology is presented for quantifying pre- and post-disturbance LULC types with annual Landsat Best-Available-Pixel multispectral data from 2005 to 2013. Annual LULC and land disturbance maps were produced for one of the major conventional oil and gas production areas in West-Central Alberta with an accuracy of 78% and 87%, respectively. The highest rate of vegetation loss (178 km2/year) was observed in coniferous forest compared to broadleaf forest, mixed forest, and native vegetation. Integration of ancillary oil and gas geospatial data with annual land disturbances indicated that less than 20% of the total land disturbances were attributable to oil and gas activities. In 2013, approximately 44% of oil and gas disturbances from 2005 to 2013 showed evidence of vegetation recovery. In the future, geospatial data related to wildfire, logging activities, insect defoliation, and other natural and anthropogenic factors can be integrated to quantify other causes of land disturbances. 相似文献
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Abstract Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) data have been used to monitor land cover types and to estimate biophysical parameters. However, studies examining the spatial relationships between land cover change and biophysical parameters are generally lacking. With the integration of remote sensing and Geographic Information Systems (GIS), these relationships can be better explored. The research reported in this paper applies this integrated approach for detecting urban growth and assessing its impact on vegetative greenness in the Zhujiang Delta, China. Multi‐temporal Landsat TM data were utilized to map urban growth and to extract and identify changes in vegetative greenness. GIS analyses were conducted to examine the changing spatial patterns of urban growth and greenness change. Statistical analyses were then used to examine the impact of urban growth on vegetative greenness. The results revealed that there was a notably uneven urban growth pattern in the delta, and urban development had reduced the scaled Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) value by 30% in the urbanized area. 相似文献
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Assessing changes in the above ground biomass and carbon stocks of Lidder valley,Kashmir Himalaya,India 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The changes in the land use and land cover (LULC), above ground biomass (AGB) and the associated above ground carbon (AGC) stocks were assessed in Lidder Valley, Kashmir Himalaya using satellite data (1980–2013), allometric equations and phytosociological data. Change detection analysis of LULC, comprising of eight vegetation and five non-vegetation types, indicated that 6% (74.5 km2) of the dense evergreen forest has degraded. Degraded forest and settlement increased by 20 and 52.8 km2, respectively. Normalized difference vegetation index was assessed and correlated with the field-based biomass estimates to arrive at best-fit models for remotely sensed AGB estimates for 2005 and 2013. Total loss of 1.018 Megatons of AGB and 0.5 Megatons of AGC was estimated from the area during 33-year period which would have an adverse effect on the carbon sequestration potential of the area which is already facing the brunt of climate change. 相似文献
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Deepesh Machiwal S. K. Srivastava Sadhna Jain 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2010,38(4):696-707
The present study aimed at quantification of sediment yield for Ahar River basin of Udaipur district in Rajasthan, India by
a regional empirical model using RS and GIS techniques. The land use/land cover (LULC) map of the study area was prepared
by supervised classification using satellite imagery of IRS-P6 LISS III. Overall accuracy of the prepared LULC map was 90.78%.
The major portion of the study area (49%) is covered with rangeland. Slope map for the study area was developed using digital
elevation model. The slope in most of the study area (40% of the total area) ranges from 1% to 4%. In addition, drainage density
map of the study area was generated on micro-watershed basis. The study area is covered by a dendritic pattern of drainage
which shows that rocks in the area are homogeneous and uniformly resistant to water flow. The drainage density in the study
area is 1.11 km km−2. Annual sediment yield of the study area was quantified by Garde model. The mean annual runoff and sediment yield for the
area was 37.58 million m3 and 8,760 m3/year, respectively. Finally, appropriate sites for construction of soil conservation measures are suggested using Boolean
logic analysis method on combined slope and drainage maps. 相似文献
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This paper discusses the development and implementation of a method that can be used with multi-decadal Landsat data for computing general coastal US land use and land cover (LULC) maps consisting of seven classes. With Mobile Bay, Alabama as the study region, the method that was applied to derive LULC products for nine dates across a 34-year time span. Classifications were computed and refined using decision rules in conjunction with unsupervised classification of Landsat data and Coastal Change and Analysis Program value-added products. Each classification’s overall accuracy was assessed by comparing stratified random locations to available high spatial resolution satellite and aerial imagery, field survey data and raw Landsat RGBs. Overall classification accuracies ranged from 83 to 91% with overall κ statistics ranging from 0.78 to 0.89. Accurate classifications were computed for all nine dates, yielding effective results regardless of season and Landsat sensor. This classification method provided useful map inputs for computing LULC change products. 相似文献
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针对土地利用/覆盖（land-use and land-cover,LULC）方式是否影响城市空气污染空间分异特征形成的问题,利用遥感技术和景观生态学方法分别获取长株潭城市群核心城区LULC及其景观格局,绘制空气污染物浓度与气象影响因子空间分异图,引入地理探测器定量分析土地因子在融合气象要素前后对NO2、PM10、O3、PM2.5浓度空间分布差异的贡献强度。结果表明,建设用地面积比例越高,林地越低,NO2、PM2.5浓度越高,O3越低。非建设用地区域,污染物浓度随着土地景观格局破碎度、多样性指数值增大而升高,建设用地区域反之。LULC和土地景观格局的复合因子贡献力（P0.03~0.28）高于两者任意单独因子贡献力（P:0.01~0.11）,融合气象要素后,LULC对空气污染物空间分异特征形成的因子贡献力（P:0.18~0.53）显著增强。 相似文献
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Abstract Coastal wetland is a major part of wetlands in the world. Land cover and vegetation mapping in a deltaic lowland environment is complicated by the rapid and significant changes of geomorphic forms. Remote sensing provides an important tool for coastal land cover classification and landscape analysis. The study site in this paper is the Yellow River Delta Nature Reserve (YRDNR) at the Yellow River mouth in Shangdong province, China. Yellow River Delta is one of the fastest growing deltas in the world. YRDNR was listed as a national level nature reserve in 1992. The objectives of this paper are two fold: to study the land cover status of YRDNR, and to examine the land cover change since it was declared as a nature reserve. Land cover and vegetation mapping in YRDNR was developed using multi‐spectral Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery acquired in 1995. Land cover and landscape characteristics were analyzed with the help of ancillary GIS. Land use investigation data in 1991 were used for comparison with Landsat classification map. Our results show that YRDNR has experienced significant landscape change and environmental improvement after 1992. 相似文献
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《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(2):187-211
GIS and remote sensing (RS) techniques using Landsat ETM+ and objectoriented segmentation were developed to identify depressional isolated wetlands in a >2,600 km2 mixed land use area of north-central Florida, USA. Both the standalone RS method and the combined GIS/RS method were successful at identifying isolated wetlands > 0.20 ha. Combining the GIS and RS methods yielded producer and user accuracies ranging from 93 to 100% and 86 to 95%, respectively. The methods utilized successfully mapped isolated wetlands and could be used to address questions surrounding national estimates and areal distribution of isolated wetlands. 相似文献