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1.
Rapid repair of severely earthquake-damaged bridge piers with flexural-shear failure mode 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
An experimental study was conducted to investigate the feasibility of a proposed rapid repair technique for severely earthquake-damaged
bridge piers with flexural-shear failure mode. Six circular pier specimens were first tested to severe damage in flexural-shear
mode and repaired using early-strength concrete with high-fluidity and carbon fiber reinforced polymers (CFRP). After about
four days, the repaired specimens were tested to failure again. The seismic behavior of the repaired specimens was evaluated
and compared to the original specimens. Test results indicate that the proposed repair technique is highly effective. Both
shear strength and lateral displacement of the repaired piers increased when compared to the original specimens, and the failure
mechanism of the piers shifted from flexural-shear failure to ductile flexural failure. Finally, a simple design model based
on the Seible formulation for post-earthquake repair design was compared to the experimental results. It is concluded that
the design equation for bridge pier strengthening before an earthquake could be applicable to seismic repairs after an earthquake
if the shear strength contribution of the spiral bars in the repaired piers is disregarded and 1.5 times more FRP sheets is
provided. 相似文献
2.
钢管混凝土桥墩抗震性能试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为研究钢管混凝土桥墩的抗震性能,对钢管混凝土桥墩和钢筋混凝土桥墩进行了拟静力对比试验研究。根据试件的破坏发展过程以及各试件的滞回曲线和骨架曲线,分析了其滞回性能、耗能能力、延性、强度退化及刚度退化等抗震性能。试验结果表明,钢管混凝土桥墩的抗震性能明显好于钢筋混凝土桥墩。在含钢率和轴力相同的情况下,钢管混凝土桥墩的滞回曲线比钢筋混凝土桥墩丰满得多,前者的耗能能力约为后者的4.46倍,钢管混凝土桥墩的延性大于钢筋混凝土桥墩;随着轴压比的增大,钢管混凝土桥墩延性有所下降,强度退化加快,但对其刚度退化的影响不大。 相似文献
3.
为探究局部锈蚀矩形截面钢筋混凝土（RC）桥墩重度震损加固后的抗震性能,本文对拟静力破坏后的6个矩形截面RC桥墩试件进行扩大截面加固。通过加载试验,对加固桥墩试件从破坏形态、滞回特性、水平承载力、位移延性、侧向刚度以及耗能等方面进行了系统分析。结果表明:相比于普通箍筋,横向施加预应力的改进扩大截面加固方式对破坏后桥墩试件的抗震性能修复成效更佳;在同等位移幅值下,锈蚀率不断增大,桥墩试件抗震性能呈现逐渐降低的趋势;钢筋锈蚀位置上移,加固后桥墩试件的抗震性能提升;轴压比加大,加固后桥墩试件承载力和侧向刚度增大,但延性降低。 相似文献
4.
Experimental research and finite element analysis of bridge piers failed in flexure-shear modes 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
In recent earthquakes, a large number of reinforced concrete （RC） bridges were severely damaged due to mixed flexure-shear failure modes of the bridge piers. An integrated experimental and finite element （FE） analysis study is described in this paper to study the seismic performance of the bridge piers that failed in flexure-shear modes. In the first part, a nonlinear cyclic loading test on six RC bridge piers with circular cross sections is carried out experimentally. The damage states, ductility and energy dissipation parameters, stiffness degradation and shear strength of the piers are studied and compared with each other. The experimental results suggest that all the piers exhibit stable flexural response at displacement ductilities up to four before exhibiting brittle shear failure. The ultimate performance of the piers is dominated by shear capacity due to significant shear cracking, and in some cases, rupturing of spiral bars. In the second part, modeling approaches describing the hysteretic behavior of the piers are investigated by using ANSYS software. A set of models with different parameters is selected and evaluated through comparison with experimental results. The influences of the shear retention coefficients between concrete cracks, the Bauschinger effect in longitudinal reinforcement, the bond-slip relationship between the longitudinal reinforcement and the concrete and the concrete failure surface on the simulated hysteretic curves are discussed. Then, a modified analysis model is presented and its accuracy is verified by comparing the simulated results with experimental ones. This research uses models available in commercial FE codes and is intended for researchers and engineers interested in using ANSYS software to predict the hysteretic behavior of reinforced concrete structures. 相似文献
5.
6.
汶川大地震曲线梁桥震害及破坏机理分析 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
以汶川大地震中严重破坏的回澜立交桥为例,基于数值模拟手段并结合现场震害调查,分析了回澜立交桥的地震破坏机理。数值分析表明,地震时设有支座的最矮的1号桥墩支座发生滑移破坏,以致刚度较大（次矮）的2号刚构桥墩承受很大的地震惯性力,2号墩首先发生弯曲屈服,此后随延性发展因抗剪能力不足最终发生剪切破坏直至倒塌损毁,呈现典型的弯剪破坏特征。现场震害调查发现,回澜立交桥震害集中于抗弯刚度较大的刚构墩上,而其余桥墩震害相对较轻,主要表现为混凝土保护层的脱落、混凝土开裂以及墩顶支座的滑移破坏等。数值分析结果与震害调查呈现出较好的一致性。 相似文献
7.
汶川大地震绵竹市回澜立交桥震害调查 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
绵竹市回澜立交桥跨越绵竹货运火车站,包括主桥及4个平面为圆形的曲线匝道桥,匝道桥为连续箱梁结构.5.12汶川大地震中,回澜立交桥遭到严重破坏,通过对震害的现场调查及分析发现,圆形匝道桥破坏严重,每个匝道桥破坏集中于1-2个抗弯刚度较大的低矮桥墩并引起上部箱梁横向断裂,其余桥墩发生轻度或中度破坏,主要为桥墩混凝土保护层脱落、混凝土开裂及墩顶橡胶支座的滑移,且总体来看,匝道桥破坏沿切向更为明显.主桥破坏相对较轻,主要包括桥墩顶部的支座滑移及主桥与匝道桥间的碰撞破坏. 相似文献
8.
运用ABAQUS分析软件,建立水平荷载作用下的钢筋混凝土核心筒有限元模型,进行非线性分析,并将分析结果与大比例试件的试验结果对比,对所采用的有限元模型加以验证。在此基础上,进行改变钢筋混凝土核心筒轴压比、高宽比和筒壁厚度的受力过程模拟分析,研究这些参数对筒体性能的影响。结果表明：随着轴压比的增大,筒体的破坏由受拉向受压破坏转变,筒体最大水平承载力经历先增加后减小的变化,延性变差;随着高宽比的增大,筒体破坏形态由剪切向弯曲破坏转变,延性增加,整体弯曲作用更加明显,最大底部剪力减小;随着壁厚的增大,试件破坏由截面压屈失稳向墙肢底部受弯破坏转变,墙肢破坏区域沿高度方向发展,耗能能力更强,承载力明显增大,变形能力显著增加。 相似文献
9.
为克服利用OpenSEES进行预制拼装桥墩纤维模型分析时干接缝区域模拟困难的问题,提出一种由刚性单元、非线性梁柱单元、零长度单元配合ENT单压材料组成的干接缝单元。通过基于干接缝单元的纤维模型数值模拟结果与文献中的1:3.5缩尺桥墩拟静力试验结果对比发现:该干接缝单元不仅解决了墩身混凝土压溃带来的模型不收敛问题,而且考虑了墩身节段宽度对干接缝区域的影响,使预制拼装桥墩干接缝处的力学性能更接近实际的力学性能;数值模拟结果与试验结果吻合较好证明了该干接缝单元用于模拟预制拼装桥墩干接缝区域的可行性。在此基础上设置耗能钢筋、外包钢管和墩底橡胶支承垫层作为桥墩附加耗能装置,对预制拼装桥墩进行拟静力循环加载模拟,研究不同耗能装置对预制拼装桥墩的滞回能力、预应力筋内力、累积耗能、残余位移以及等效刚度等性能参数的影响。结果表明:设置耗能钢筋和外包钢管可以显著提高预制拼装桥墩的耗能能力、水平承载力和刚度,降低预应力损失;设置墩底橡胶支承垫层也能提高预制拼装桥墩的耗能能力,但会降低桥墩的水平承载力和刚度,应根据桥墩自身刚度谨慎选择橡胶垫层的刚度。 相似文献
10.
One of the challenges associated with Eurocode 8 and AASHTO-LRFD is predicting the failure of irregular bridges supported by piers of unequal heights. EC8 currently uses “moment demand-to-moment capacity” ratios to somewhat guarantee simultaneous failure of piers on bridges, while AASHTO-LRFD relies on the relative effective stiffness of the piers. These conditions are not entirely valid, in particular for piers with a relative height of 0.5 or less, where a possible combination of flexure and shear failure mode may occur. In this case, the shorter piers often result in brittle shear failure, while the longer piers are most likely to fail due to flexure, creating a combination of different failure modes experienced by the bridge. To evaluate the adequacy of EC8 design procedures for regular seismic behavior, various irregular bridges are simulated through a non-linear pushover analysis using shear-critical fiber-based beam-column elements. The paper investigates the behavior of irregular monolithic and bearing-type bridges experiencing different failure modes, and proposes different methods for regularizing the bridge performance to balance damage. The ultimate aim is to obtain a simultaneous or near-simultaneous failure of all piers irrespective of the different heights and failure mode experienced. 相似文献
11.
To investigate the seismic performance of hollow reinforced concrete(RC) bridge columns of rectangular cross section under constant axial load and cyclically biaxial bending,five specimens were tested.A parametric study is carried out for different axial load ratios,longitudinal reinforcement ratios and lateral reinforcement ratios.The experimental results showed that all tested specimens failed in the flexural failure mode and their ultimate performance was dominated by flexural capacity,which is represented by the rupture/buckling of tensile longitudinal rebars at the bottom of the bridge columns.Biaxial force and displacement hysteresis loops showed significant stiffness and strength degradations,and the pinching effect and coupling interaction effect of both directions severely decrease the structural seismic resistance.However,the measured ductility coefficient varying from 3.5 to 5.7 and the equivalent viscous damping ratio varying from 0.19 and 0.26 can meet the requirements of the seismic design.The hollow RC rectangular bridge columns with configurations of lateral reinforcement in this study have excellent performance under bidirectional earthquake excitations,and may be considered as a substitute for current hollow RC rectangular section configurations described in the Guideline for Seismic Design of Highway Bridges(JTG/T B02-01-2008).The length of the plastic hinge region was found to approach one sixth of the hollow RC rectangular bridge column height for all specimen columns,and it was much less than those specified in the current JTG/T.Thus,the length of the plastic hinge region is more concentrated for RC rectangular hollow bridge columns. 相似文献
12.
为改善预制装配式桥墩的抗震性能和施工容错能力,提出一种装配式桥墩新型连接方式:超高性能混凝土(Ultra-High-Performance Concrete,UHPC)墩周连接。设计并制作1个现浇桥墩试件和1个UHPC墩周连接装配式桥墩试件,对两个试件进行拟静力试验;建立UHPC墩周连接装配式桥墩试件的三维实体非线性有限元模型,对比研究新型装配式桥墩的抗震性能及其影响因素。结果表明:UHPC墩周连接装配式桥墩与整体现浇桥墩表现出相似的抗侧力性能和自复位能力,二者的抗震性能基本等同。对比分析非线性有限元模型与实际桥墩试件的滞回曲线,二者拟合程度较高,验证了建模方法的可靠性和模拟结果的准确性。UHPC连接段高度对该装配式桥墩抗震性能的影响不大,保证钢筋搭接长度即可。轴压比、立柱高度和搭接钢筋配筋率对该装配式桥墩抗震性能的影响较为明显:在轴压比为0.1~0.3时,试件刚度和水平承载力随轴压比的增大而增大,残余位移随轴压比的增大而减小;立柱高度由2.0 m提高至2.5 m时,高度越大该装配式桥墩的水平承载能力和累积滞回耗能越小;湿接缝处搭接钢筋配筋率由1.01%增至1.57%时,该装配式桥墩的水平承载能力和残余位移相比原配筋试件性能有较明显的提升。 相似文献
13.
为研究整体开洞墙体中发生底层窗间墙破坏模式时墙体的抗震性能,对一砌体结构缩尺开洞墙体模型展开多点同步加载拟静力试验。分析了各层墙体与整片墙的破坏特征、承载与变形能力、滞回耗能特性、刚度退化规律及延性表现,重点研究了底层窗间墙位于整体结构中时其破坏过程与变形规律。试验结果表明:破坏模式相同的开洞墙体较单独墙肢抗震性能有所不同,各工况加载峰值点的上升与下降过程更为缓慢、滞回曲线更为饱满、刚度退化过程更为缓和以及延性特征更为明显。基于底层窗间墙破坏模式,依据现行规范中开洞墙体承载力计算方法所得结果与试验结果吻合,但强弱构件失效机制无从体现。试验结果可为探求砌体结构合理设计方法与实现开洞墙体延性破坏模式提供依据。 相似文献
14.
为研究不同加固方式对钢筋混凝土(RC)圆截面桥墩抗震性能的影响,利用OpenSees有限元软件建立了普通RC桥墩以及分别采用钢套管、碳纤维增强聚合物(CFRP)、体外预应力筋进行加固的桥墩数值分析模型,对模型输入远断层地震动,进行增量动力分析。以墩顶峰值位移角与震后残余位移角为指标,对比分析了桥墩加固前后的地震响应。结果表明:采用钢套管、体外预应力筋和CFRP加固后,RC桥墩的峰值位移与震后残余位移均减小,钢套管加固方式对桥墩峰值位移的降低幅度最大,体外预应力筋加固方式对抑制桥墩震后残余位移的效果最好;随着剪跨比的增大,3种加固方式对桥墩在地震动作用下位移响应的抑制作用均逐步减小;随着轴压比的增大,3种加固方式对RC桥墩峰值位移的抑制作用逐步降低。 相似文献
15.
进行了12个钢管约束混凝土压弯构件在往复荷载作用下的荷载-变形滞回性能的实验研究,包括6个圆试件和6个方试件。考察的主要参数是构件的轴压比。通过实验观察了这类构件在往复荷载作用下的破坏模态并分析了其荷载-变形滞回曲线的特点以及刚度退化规律,同时对钢管约束混凝土压弯构件极限承载力和抗弯刚度计算方法进行了初步探讨。 相似文献
16.
沿着摇摆桥墩的概念提出一种限制位移桥墩连续刚构桥体系。该体系通过对连续刚构桥墩底和承台之间采取一定措施,使桥梁在地震发生时能够在限制的位移量内活动,减小输入到桥梁结构中的能量,达到减震的目的。通过对一座铁路连续刚构桥的分析,发现这种限制位移桥墩连续刚构桥体系能大幅减小桥墩的延性和强度地震需求,减震效果明显,在选择合适的限制位移量的情况下,可保证桥墩在高烈度罕遇地震作用下几乎保持弹性工作状态,震后经简单处理即可保证使用功能,为震后救援工作带来极大便利,也大大减少了修复成本。 相似文献
17.
Xia Xiushen Wu Suiwen Shi Jun Jia Junfeng Chen Xingchong Ma Huajun 《地震工程与工程振动(英文版)》2020,19(4):1005-1015
In this study, sacrificial components were incorporated into self-centering railway bridge piers to improve the lateral stiffness. The seismic response of this new detail was investigated. First, the method to compute the initial uplift moment of the self-centering pier is given. In addition, shaking table tests were conducted on a free-rocking pier without sacrificial components, which was used to validate a two-spring numerical model. Good agreement was obtained between the numerical results and experimental data. Furthermore, the validated model was employed to investigate the influence of sacrificial components on the seismic response of rocking piers. For this purpose, two models were developed, with and without sacrificial components. Nonlinear response history analysis was then performed on both models under three historical motions. The results showed that compared to the one without sacrificial components, the rocking pier with sacrificial components has comparable displacement at the top of the pier, and maximum uplift moment at high amplitude motion. Therefore, incorporating sacrificial components into the rocking pier can increase the lateral stiffness at service load and low amplitude frequent earthquakes but can produce comparable response at high seismic excitation. These results provide support for performance-based seismic design of self-centering rocking piers.
相似文献18.
为深入了解整体式桥梁的动力特性和抗震性能,建立台-土有限元模型,并提出合理的台-土相互作用数学模型,然后利用Midas Civil整体模型研究台-土相互作用、桩-土相互作用、桥墩构造等因素对整体式桥梁抗震性能的影响。结果表明：与简支梁相比,同等跨度下整体式桥梁的纵向刚度明显提高,但横向刚度差距不大;台后土的约束刚度大小对桥梁的静动力特性不产生明显影响,整体式桥梁根据我国现有规范计算台后地震力相对保守;改变桩-土约束刚度对整体式桥梁的抗震性能影响不大;提高桥墩的横向刚度,将独柱墩改为双柱墩能大幅提高结构抗震性能。研究结论及台后土压力系数的计算方式,可供整体式桥梁抗震计算提供参考。 相似文献
19.
钢筋混凝土桥墩震后修复技术研究综述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了近几次破坏性地震中钢筋混凝土桥墩的典型震害,总结了国内外利用FRP材料、钢套管、狗骨式杆等新型建筑材料对发生弯曲破坏、剪切破坏、纵筋搭接破坏以及空心截面桥墩的震后修复技术.研究表明,采用合适的修复方案,可以对地震损坏的桥墩进行成功修复,使其承载力和延性得到较好的恢复.文中提到的桥墩震后修复方案可为地震、火灾、爆炸以及腐蚀老化后遭受损坏的钢筋混凝土结构的修复提供参考. 相似文献
20.
为提升预制节段拼装桥墩的抗震性能,采用碳纤维增强复合材料(CFRP)对预制节段拼装桥墩在地震中易损伤部位进行加固。基于既有试验,建立缩尺的预制节段拼装桥墩三维实体有限元模型,分析预制节段拼装桥墩在循环往复荷载情况下的恢复力特性以及破坏情况。分别采用箍筋加密和外包CFRP布对预制节段拼装桥墩底部节段进行加固,对比两种加固方式对预制节段拼装桥墩抗震性能的影响。研究结果表明,CFRP包裹桥墩底部节段能够增强桥墩整体刚度和承载能力,并且使得桥墩的刚度退化更加平缓,有利于预制节段拼装桥墩在地震作用下保持自身力学特性的稳定,确保桥梁整体的安全。 相似文献