共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Using the Volga (Privolzhskii) Federal District as an example, we offer the solution of such a currently central scientific and methodological problem as automated identification of the boundaries of basin geosystems under different landscape and geomorphological conditions in terms of multiresolution digital elevation models. The main stages of work are described, namely the development of the digital elevation model, its hydrological adjustment, identification of the boundaries of basin geosystems, and validity assessment of results obtained. The technique has been developed for constructing a hydrologically valid digital elevation model with the purpose of identifying the boundaries of basin geosystems. 相似文献
2.
Results from investigating the geosystems of Cisbaikalia in its western and eastern parts (Primorskii Range and Barguzin Range, respectively) are presented. For studying three macroslopes of these mountain ranges (having an easterly aspect for the Primorskii Range and a westerly and south-easterly aspect for the Barguzin Range), the regional background and the main factors of the landscape differentiation of the study areas were analyzed. Structural features of topological geosystems are revealed, and large-scale maps of key areas are compiled (at a scale of 1:50 000). Maps of the landscape-typological structure were created on the basis of the structural-dynamic and facies analysis of landscapes. It is established that the main factors influencing the landscape diversity are the aspect and steepness of the slopes, the composition and structure of rocks, the absolute height, the amount of atmospheric precipitation, and anthropogenic impacts. It is determined that the influence of the lithomorphic factor is widespread throughout the study areas, the hydromorphic factor is also important, the cryomorphic factor occurs additionally in the goletz zone, and the xeromorphic factor is only observed on the Baikal Range and on the coastal plain in some areas of Priolkhonie. The dynamic aspect of the landscape structure and the relationships between geosystems are displayed in map legends. 相似文献
3.
4.
5.
V. M. Plyusnin A. D. Kitov E. N. Ivanov V. S. Sheinkman 《Geography and Natural Resources》2013,34(1):1-13
Separate mountain massifs, separated by a considerable distance from one another, exhibit in their evolutionary development some similar traits. On the other hand, mountain geosystems occurring in them show differences associated with the location of the mountains, their morphological structure and climatic conditions. Global warming has been producing changes in the dynamics of mountain geosystems over the last three decades. However, the response of nival-glacial intracontinental geosystems is different from that in near-oceanic regions. 相似文献
6.
《Geography and Natural Resources》2008,29(3):267-272
We estimate the effectiveness of several methods of identifying different-scale functionally integral mosaic geosystems interconnected by a common type of intercomponent relationships by considering an example of relief – vegetation system. The form of the function is used to reveal the physical process that is responsible for the spatial differentiation. A comparison is made of the informational content and the limitations of using multi-regression equations, information measures of connection, nonparametric correlation coefficients, and the Jacobi determinant. 相似文献
7.
《Geography and Natural Resources》2008,29(4):348-353
We determined the rates of anthropogenic degradation of vegetation cover, soils, the river network, the slope type of terrain, and of the geological framework of landscapes. A decrease of the anthropogenic transformation rate of the component composition of geosystems was revealed in the biogenic components – bio-inert components – abiogenic components series was revealed. The time of complete exhaustion of the natural-resource potential is forecast from the components of the physical-geographical environment. 相似文献
8.
This paper further develops the ideas of V. B. Sochava’s Siberian school of thematic mapping concerning an integral approach in generating synthesis and assessment maps of the habitat on objective grounds confirmed by quantitative calculations. Maps of the natural environment display the invariant structure of the sites of a territory and their variable states. Integral indicators of the state of environment combine differentquality spatial information on the geographical location of the sites having regard to the scientific principles of qualimetry. An unbiased calculation of integral indicators is ensured through the use of the method of principal component analysis. The first principal component characterizes a maximum of variation in information on the geosystem, and the second component refers to a stable environment background. Their difference for each location corresponds to the potential of geosystem variability. The resulting integral indicators are displayed on assessment cartograms. The entire array of independent principal components is used for a classification of geosystems using the method of k-means clustering to create the typological map of the territory. Calculations are based on data for forest management of the Slyudyanka Leskhoz within the boundaries of the Slyudyanka municipal district of Irkutsk oblast. The territorial norm of the geographical environment corresponds to geosystems of the mountain-taiga belt of the Siberian stone pine and larch taiga on different-aspect slopes. Negative deviations from the norm are induced by high-mountain goletz and subgoletz geosystems on steep slopes, and positive deviations correspond to flat interfluves and gentle slopes. 相似文献
9.
《Geography and Natural Resources》2008,29(2):103-109
Using three key areas as an example we examine the tendencies toward changes of the mountain geosystems in southern Siberia caused by fluctuations of climate. Presented are the quantitative parameters of the dynamics of nival-glacial geosystems (glaciers, perennial snow clusters, icings, and stony glaciers). Portions of large-scale maps for the key areas generated for a subsequent monitoring of the mountain geosystems are presented. 相似文献
10.
We examine the sequence of changes in the structure of the geosystems of the Primorsky Range (Baikal region) for the last 6000 years, based on a continuous recording of fluctuations of the vegetation reconstructed from spore-pollen complexes of a high peat bog. We determined the chronological timeframe of paleogeographical events. The study showed that there occurred a radical structure transformation of the geosystems in the mid-late Holocene, along with a recurrence of similar landscape transformations caused by the instability of natural conditions. 相似文献
11.
E. I. Kuzmenko 《Geography and Natural Resources》2011,32(2):184-189
The structure and dynamics of geosystems in the northwestern part of Western Siberia is considered using the Kazym-Lyamin
interfluve, based on the landscape-assessment map for the middle part of the Khanty-Mansi Autonomous District. The study used
the landscape structural-dynamical approach and the methods of studying the spatio-temporal dynamics of taiga geosystems. 相似文献
12.
Presented are the results from the assessment stage of forecasting-cartographic investigations into the vegetation in the Angara-Lena interfluve. An assessment is made of the main (preferred) and secondary ecological functions of vegetation within the geosystems. We demonstrate their changes with respect to native (reconstructed) vegetation. 相似文献
13.
Presented are the technique and results of studying the landscape structure of the north-west of Western Siberia on the basis of the Hansen mosaic dataset consisting of elements covering the entire territory of the Earth. To study this area used a synthesis of classical methods of thematic system mapping as described in the doctrine of geosystems of V. B. Sochava, and automated interpretation of remote sensing data and mapping using GIS technologies. The method of geoinformational mapping of the landscape structure with the use of MultiSpec and Quantum GIS software programs for the purpose of drawing up real-time raster landscape maps is shown. In drawing up the map and the legend, the principle of geomic system-hierarchical representation of the territory as a complex multi-level “bottom-up” structure from topological-level geosystems (groups and classes of landscape facies) to regional-level geosystems (geoms, groups and classes of geoms) was used. Compilation of operational raster landscape maps of the north-west of Western Siberia involved multilevel automated interpretation of the Hansen mosaic dataset and mapping of areas (clusters) on images with different brightness characteristics, with the landscape structure of key areas and stationary physical and geographical profiles. A characteristic of this approach also implies using a dynamic classification of geosystems based on the study of their variable states. Such an approach permits a monitoring of changes in landscape structure and its areas and the intensity of anthropogenic impacts on forest and marsh landscapes, and determination of permissible pressure on geosystems in areas with high technogenic pressure of the oil and gas complex represented by the north-west of Siberia. An automated processing of data based on a supervised classification of territorial objects allows for the elimination of inaccuracies arising in visual image interpretation. Raster landscape maps can be used both for a further generation of vector maps and as a real-time information base for purposes of environmental management and protection. 相似文献
14.
Natural-resource space (NRS) is a set of resource-containing components of geographical environment as taken in a spatiotemporal continuum. We suggest different types and levels of NRS: global, national, regional and local; space of homogeneous resources, and territorial combinations of natural resources, and others. Borders are identified as really existing transitional zones between NRS of different types and levels, and institutional boundaries. Ecological-resource space is singled out, given a connectivity of national and regional NRS, with portions of transboundary geosystems going beyond their boundaries. 相似文献
15.
Using the glaciers of the Munku-Sardyk massif as an example, we examine the patterns of changes of glaciological landscapes as revealed through instrumental observations. We present the quantitative parameters of the dynamics of nival-glacial geosystems obtained by using state-of-the-art remote sensing and GIS analysis facilities. Interesting new features reflecting the state of geosystems are described, and particularizing geoinformation calculations and a mapping are performed for a subsequent monitoring of their state. 相似文献
16.
岷江上游气候立体分布特征 总被引：6，自引：2，他引：6
通过对岷江上游的气候要素的时空间分布特征进行分析,得出:岷江上游的气候干、雨季分明;气温与海拔高度的相关关系为2 500 m以下呈现负相关,而2 500 m以上呈现正相关;降水随高度增加呈增加趋势;而农田蒸散量和干燥度均与海拔高度呈负相关关系。高海拔地区凉爽而湿润,其限制因子主要是热量;而中低海拔地区温暖而干旱,主要限制因子是水分。通过回归分析,得出了岷江上游主要气象要素与海拔高度的关系。认为在岷江上游地区,开展生态恢复,应具体分析光热水状况,在不同海拔地区,针对不同的气候条件,采用相应的植物来进行生态恢复,以取得良好的生态和经济效应。 相似文献
17.
18.
We report the results from investigating the ecological state of the urbanized geosystems in the city of Sayanogorsk. A comparative analysis is made of the structure of zoocenoses against the natural and anthropogenically disturbed soils predominating in the region. We examine the transformation conditions for soil cover and the ecologically important factors influencing the state of soil-biotic communities. The study revealed a negative influence of urban pressure on the population and biomass of invertebrate animals and demonstrated the possibilities of using the structure and quantitative characteristics of zoocenoses in biodiagnostics of changes of steppe geosystems under the influence of anthropogenic factors. 相似文献
19.
《Geography and Natural Resources》2008,29(3):209-220
Presented is the predictive topo-ecological concept, based on empirical-statistical models of geosystems. Using the geosystems of the Volga basins as an example, this study considers the mechanisms of local and regional response to the global warming expected in the 21st century. A general process of “savannization” of mixed and broad-lived forests is predicted for the Middle band of the Russian Plain with the development of the thermoarid climatic trend. The prognostic non-representativity of the known palaeographical scenarios of the warm epochs during the Pleistocene and Holocene is demonstrated. 相似文献
20.
T. I. Kuznetsova I. V. Bychkov A. R. Batuev V. M. Plyusnin G. M. Ruzhnikov A. E. Khmel’nov 《Geography and Natural Resources》2011,32(4):315-322
We outline the methods and results of cartographic analysis and assessment the present state of a large region’s geosystems:
their structural, functional and functional-value characteristics have been revealed. Drawing on the notion of epiformations,
we determined the ecological potential of geosystems at the regional level for nature management purposes. A fragment of the
typological general-purpose interpretation map “Ecological potential of the Baikal region’s geosystems” is presented. 相似文献