共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 421 毫秒
1.
云南蒙自五里冲水库区F1,F2断层新活动年代研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
五里冲水库地处侵蚀山区,缺乏第四纪地层作为研究断层新活动年代的对比标志。本文以F_1、F_2断层带内发育的多期方解石脉和断层泥为研究对象,采用显微构造分析,热释光(TL)测年法和扫描电镜(SEM)分析,石英溶蚀速率测年法,对库区F_1、F_2断层新活动的年代进行综合判定。确认:F_1、F_2断层最后一次明显活动的年代分别为(2.93±0.31)×10~5年和(2.33±0.26)×10~5年以前,为评估五里冲水库构造稳定性,提供了可靠的数据。 相似文献
2.
3.
4.
乌鲁木齐市2条隐伏活动断裂分布与活动性及其对建(构)筑物的影响 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
在乌鲁木齐市地震安全性评价工作中对分布的八钢—石化及乌鲁木齐河2条活动断裂进行了浅层地震勘探、断层气体地球化学探测与甚低频电磁勘测,并对隐伏活动断裂的分布、产状、活动性、活动时代及其对横跨其上的建(构)筑物的影响进行了分析和评价。结果表明八钢—石化隐伏活动断裂主断面南倾,倾角为75°～85°,切错了下更新统—中更新统,为中更新世晚期活动断裂;乌鲁木齐河隐伏活动断裂主断面西倾,倾角为70°,具正断层性质,切错了晚更新世与TL地质年龄为11
150±880 a的卵砾石层,垂直活动速率为0.13 mm/a,为全新世早期活动断裂。这2条活动断裂对横垮其上方的建(构)筑物及工程的安全与稳定均有影响。 相似文献
5.
基于GPS资料约束反演川滇地区主要断裂现今活动速率 总被引：37，自引：0，他引：37
以GPS数据给出的川滇地区(96°~108°E, 21°~35°N)速度场为约束, 依据研究区已知断裂分布情况建立连接断层元模型, 用最小二乘方法反演了该地区主要活动断层的现今错动速率. 结果显示, 印藏碰撞引起的北北东向推挤和高原隆升引起的重力势能作用造成青藏高原物质东向挤出. 遇到来自稳定华南块体的阻挡后, 高原东南部物质相对稳定欧亚板块转向南东方向继而向南运动, 使得川滇地区围绕喜马拉雅东构造结作顺时针转动, 造成川滇地块东侧断裂作左旋走滑活动, 而其西侧断裂以右旋走滑活动为主. 其中甘孜-玉树、鲜水河、安宁河、则木河、大凉山、小江断裂及其向南西方向延伸的部分和打洛-景洪、湄沾断裂构成青藏高原东南部东向挤出的东北边界和东边界, 左旋速率分别为0.3~14.7, 8.9~17.1, (5.1 ± 2.5), (2.8 ± 2.3), (7.1 ± 2.1), (9.4 ± 1.2), (10.1 ± 2.0), (7.3 ± 2.6)和(4.9 ± 3.0) mm/a. 青藏高原东南部东向挤出的西南边界似乎不是由单一断裂带构成, 而是在较宽范围内形成的一条右旋剪切带. 位于红河断裂北东侧的南华-楚雄-建水断裂和西南侧的无量山断裂带、龙陵-澜沧断裂活动性较强, 分别具有(4.2 ± 1.3), (4.3 ± 1.1)和(8.5 ± 1.7) mm/a的右旋走滑活动. 但金沙江断裂目前基本不活动, 红河断裂的活动性不强. 龙门山一带没有发现明显的地壳活动, 而其西北方向的活动带(龙日坝断裂)约有(5.1 ± 1.2) mm/a的右旋走滑分量. 川滇菱形块体内部的一些断裂表现出较强的活动性, 其中理塘断裂左旋走滑速率为(4.4 ± 1.3) mm/a, 拉张速率(2.7 ± 1.1) mm/a; 玉农希断裂及其周边地区右旋剪切形变速率为(2.7 ± 2.3) mm/a, 地壳缩短速率(6.7 ± 2.3) mm/a. 丽江-小金河断裂中段活动性强于北段和南段, 达到左旋走滑(5.4 ± 1.2) mm/a, 拉张(0.5 ± 1.0) mm/a. 与此同时, 讨论了不同断裂锁定深度对结果的影响, 并得到鲜水河断裂的锁定深度为15 km, 70%置信区间为11~19 km. 上述反演结果表明, 研究区存在多条错动速率非常有限的活动断裂, 将地壳分割成多个相互运动的地块, 青藏高原的东向挤出通过这些断裂的活动被吸收和调整, 而不是少数大型走滑断裂的快速走滑造成向东南方向的“逃逸”. 相似文献
6.
引言2003年(平成15年)9月26日,以北海道十胜近海为震源,发生了十胜近海地震(MJMA8·0)。该地震刚刚发生后,距离震源区以北约100km的北海道东部(道东)内陆的火山前缘地区,地震活动便开始活跃(杉田·横田,2005;高橋·笠原,2004)。一般认为,大地震后在震源区之外的地震活跃现象,是主震断层活动引起静态应力变化和地震波的到达而引起动应力变化所引发的(Broadskyet al,2000;Prottiet al,1995)。国土地理院全国GPS连续观测网(以下称GEONET)已查明了导致2003年十胜近海地震的断层运动所波及到的北海道全域的地壳运动(地形变)情况(Ozawaet a… 相似文献
7.
依据黄海、渤海及邻近地区的实测地应力结果,探讨了活动断裂的走向与区域最大水平主应力方向的关系。结果表明:如果活动断裂的摩擦系数基本相同,则在构造应力场逐渐增强过程中地区内走向为N52°E和N64°W附近的断层面上的剪应力将首先达到摩擦强度而产生滑动(粘滑或蠕滑);走向为N33°W至N21°E附近的断层则不易滑动。海城地震前的短期宏观前兆可能是在走向有利于滑动的断层面上剪应力较早达到断层的剪切强度(τ_(12)≥τ)而产生蠕滑的结果。 相似文献
8.
断层活动时间的定量研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
在工程建设中,工地及其邻近地区的断层活动性质及最后一次活动时间是工程设计的一项重要依据。本文以我国西南地区拟建的某大型水电站坝址区的断层为例,讨论了根据断层物质揭示断层活动性质及最后一次活动时间的理论依据、工作方法及研究结果。研究表明,某工区内切穿二叠纪、三叠纪石灰岩的F_8断层的最后一次活动时间大约在20万年以前;在近东西向的主压应力作用下断层运动以右旋走滑为主;断层活动过程中的差异应力为5×10~7Pa,最大可达10~8Pa以上。 相似文献
9.
库松木楔克山山前断层是位于北天山西段再生造山带北缘一条重要的边界断层,是本次新发现和确定的一条活动断层。断层分为东、中、西三段:东段主要由4条断层斜列组合而成,单条断层长度为9~13 km,在晚更新世~全新世仍在强烈活动,晚更新世以来的垂直错动量为3~4 m,垂直活动速率为0.23~0.33 mm/a,全新世以来的垂直错动量为0.5~0.8 m;中段断层活动错断了中更新世至全新世地貌,形成多级断层陡坎和长约8~10 km的地震形变带,晚更新世以来垂直活动速率为0.5 mm/a;西段自晚更新以来无活动显示。 相似文献
10.
不列颠哥伦比亚西南部和美国华盛顿州西北部地区常常遭受大逆冲地震、深的板内地震和大陆地壳地震的袭击。在这3种地震中,了解最少的是地壳地震。尽管地震的活动水平较高,但历史地壳地震与在该区已标出的地表断层之间却无明显关系。1997年6月24日,在不列颠哥伦比亚温哥华市以西30km的乔治亚海峡之下3～4km深处发生了1次M_L=4.6的地震。这次记录良好的地震之前11天曾发生了一次有感前震(M_L=3.4),其后有许多小余震。该地震序列发生在不列颠哥伦比亚西南具有持续浅源地震活动的诸地区之一,因此为企图表征近地表活动断层提供了一次理想的机会。我们计算了震源机制,并用一个波形互相关和联合震源定位常规程序获得了主震、前震和53个余震的精确的相对震源位置,希望能查明和该地震序列有关的活动断层及其破裂范围。P波节面和矩心矩张量震源机制解都显示,主震和前震的震源机制均为逆冲断层作用机制。重新定位的震源位置勾画出在2～4km深处存在一个向北倾的破裂面,倾角为53°,这与震源机制解中向北倾斜47°的节面极为一致。所估计的破裂面积是直径为1.3km的圆形区域,这与用估计的地震矩为3.17×10~(15)N·m、应力降为45bar的Brune破裂模型所估计的破裂范围相当。时间序列表明,地震活动沿断层面向下迁移。这项研究成果为不列颠哥伦比亚乔治亚海峡地区确定活动断层的取向和运动方向提供了确凿证据。 相似文献
11.
文中通过对海南岛北部卫星遥感影像的解译分析,对该区活动断裂的分布与发育情况进行了研究。首先选取光学影像和雷达影像为主要数据源,在数据预处理及信息增强处理的基础上,进行了多源遥感信息融合处理,以综合利用各类数据源;其次结合研究区已有研究成果,分析遥感影像上地质地貌特征的表现,以建立研究区的解译标志,分析提取各类地质体影像特征;最后,综合分析研究区的地质地貌特征,对海南岛北部活动构造的分布与发育情况进行了全面深入的遥感解译。研究发现,研究区内主要存在EW、NW及NE向3组活动断裂,其中EW及NW向断裂对海南岛北部的地质地貌发育情况影响很大,对该区地震的发生起了比较大的控制作用 相似文献
12.
ANALYSIS OF EVOLUTION OF THE RIYUESHAN FAULT SINCE LATE PLEISTOCENE USING STRUCTURAL GEOMORPHOLOGY 
下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The northeastern margin of Tibetan plateau is an active block controlled by the eastern Kunlun fault zone, the Qilian Shan-Haiyuan fault zone, and the Altyn Tagh fault zone. It is the frontier and the sensitive area of neotectonic activity since the Cenozoic. There are widespread folds, thrust faults and stike-slip faults in the northeastern Tibetan plateau produced by the intensive tectonic deformation, indicating that this area is suffering the crustal shortening, left-lateral shear and vertical uplift. The Riyueshan Fault is one of the major faults in the dextral strike-slip faults systems, which lies between the two major large-scale left-lateral strike-slip faults, the Qilian-Haiyuan Fault and the eastern Kunlun Fault. In the process of growing and expanding of the entire Tibetan plateau, the dextral strike-slip faults play an important role in regulating the deformation and transformation between the secondary blocks. In the early Quaternary, because of the northeastward expansion of the northeastern Tibetan plateau, tectonic deformations such as NE-direction extrusion shortening, clockwise rotation, and SEE-direction extrusion occurred in the northeastern margin of the Tibetan plateau, which lead to the left-lateral slip movement of the NWW-trending major regional boundary faults. As the result, the NNW-trending faults which lie between these NWW direction faults are developed. The main geomorphic units developed within the research area are controlled by the Riyueshan Fault, formed due to the northeastward motion of the Tibet block. These geomorphic units could be classified as:Qinghai Lake Basin, Haiyan Basin, Datonghe Basin, Dezhou Basin, and the mountains developed between the basins such as the Datongshan and the Riyueshan. Paleo basins, alluvial fans, multiple levels of terraces are developed at mountain fronts. The climate variation caused the formation of the geomorphic units during the expansion period of the lakes within the northeastern Tibetan plateau. There are two levels of alluvial fans and three levels of fluvial terrace developed in the study area, the sediments of the alluvial fans and fluvial terraces formed by different sources are developed in the same period. The Riyueshan Fault connects with the NNW-trending left-lateral strike-slip north marginal Tuoleshan fault in the north, and obliquely connects with the Lajishan thrust fault in the south. The fault extends for about 180km from north to south, passing through Datonghe, Reshui coal mine, Chaka River, Tuole, Ketu and Xicha, and connecting with the Lajishan thrusts near the Kesuer Basin. The Riyueshan Fault consists of five discontinuous right-step en-echelon sub-fault segments, with a spacing of 2~3km, and pull-apart basins are formed in the stepovers.
The Riyueshan Fault is a secondary fault located in the Qaidam-Qilian active block which is controlled by the major boundary faults, such as the East Kunlun Fault and the Qilian-Haiyuan Fault. Its activity characteristics provide information of the outward expansion of the northeastern margin of Tibet. Tectonic landforms are developed along the Riyueshan Fault. Focusing on the distinct geomorphic deformation since late Pleistocene, the paper obtains the vertical displacement along the fault strike by RTK measurement method. Based on the fault growth-linkage theory, the evolution of the Riyueshan Fault and the related kinetic background are discussed. The following three conclusions are obtained:1)According to the characteristics of development of the three-stage 200km-long steep fault scarp developed in the landforms of the late Pleistocene alluvial fans and terraces, the Riyueshan Fault is divided into five segments, with the most important segment located in the third stepover(CD-3); 2)The three-stage displacement distribution pattern of the Riyueshan Fault reveals that the fault was formed by the growths and connections of multiple secondary faults and is in the second stage of fault growth and connection. With CD-3 as the boundary, the faults on the NW side continue to grow and connect; the fault activity time on the SE side is shorter, and the activity intensity is weaker; 3)The extreme value of the fault displacement distribution curve indicates the location of strain concentration and stress accumulation. With the stepover CD-3 as the boundary, the stress and strain on NW side are mainly concentrated in the middle and fault stepovers. The long-term accumulation range of stress on the SE side is relatively dispersed. The stress state may be related to the counterclockwise rotation inside the block under the compression of regional tectonic stress. 相似文献
13.
HA Guang-hao WU Zhong-hai MA Feng-shan ZENG Qing-li ZHANG Lu-qing GAI Hai-long 《地震地质》2019,41(2):436-446
In the interior of the Tibetan Plateau, the active tectonics are primarily marked by conjugate strike slip faults and north-trending rifts, which represent the E-W extension since late Cenozoic of the plateau. The conjugate faults are mainly composed of NE-trending left-lateral strike-slip faults in Qiangtang terrane and NW-trending right-lateral strike-slip faults in Lhasa terrane. While, the rifts mainly strike N, NNW and NNE within southern Tibet. However, it is still a debate on the deformational style and specific adjustment mechanism of E-W extension. One of key reasons causing this debate is the lack of detailed investigation of these active faults, especially within the northwestern plateau. Recently, we found a 20km long, NNW-trending active fault at Bero Zeco in northwestern Tibet. This fault is presented as fault sag ponds, channel offsets and fault scarps. Displacement of channels and geomorphic features suggested that the Bero Zeco Fault(BZF)is a dextral strike-slip fault with a small amount of normal slip component, which may result from the E-W extensional deformation in the interior of Tibet. BZF strikes N330°~340°W, as shown on the satellite image. The main Quaternary strata in the studied area are two stages alluvial fans around the Bero Zeco. From the satellite images, the old alluvial fans were cut by the lake shoreline leaving many of lake terraces. And the young fans cut across the lake terraces and the old fans. By contrasting to the "Paleo-Qiangtang Huge Lake" since late Quaternary, these old alluvial fans could be late Pleistocene with age ranging from 40ka to 50ka. And the young fans could be Holocene. The sag ponds along the BZF are distributed in the late Pleistocene alluvial fans. Also, the BZF displaced the late Pleistocene fans without traces within Holocene fans, suggesting that the BZF is a late Pleistocene active fault. The fault scarps are gentler with the slope angle of around 10° and the vertical offset is about 2m by field measurement. Reconstruction of the offset of channels suggested that the accumulated dextral offset could be about 44m on the late Pleistocene alluvial fans. Therefore, we infer that the dextral slip-rate could be around 1mm/a showing a low-rate deformation characteristic. The angle between the strike of BZF and principal compressive stress axis(σ1)is around 30°, which is significantly different to the other faults within the conjugate strike-slip fault zones that is 60°~75°. Now, the deformation mechanisms on these conjugate faults are mainly proposed in the studies of obtuse angle between the faults and σ1, which is likely not applicable for the BZF. We infer that the BZF could be the northward prolongation of the north-trending rifts based on the geometry. This difference suggests that the conjugate strike-slip faults may be formed by two different groups:one is obtuse angle, which is related to block extrusion or shear zones in Lhasa and Qiangtang terranes possibly; the other is acute angle, which may represent the characteristics of new-born fractures. And more studies are needed on their deformation mechanisms. 相似文献
14.
The Shanxi Graben System is one of the intracontinental graben systems developed around the Ordos Block in North China since the Cenozoic, and it provides a unique natural laboratory for studying the long-term tectonic history of active intracontinental normal faults in an extensional environment. Comparing with the dense strong earthquakes in its central part, no strong earthquakes with magnitudes over 7 have been recorded historically in the Jin-Ji-Meng Basin-and-Range Province of the northern Shanxi Graben System. However, this area is located at the conjunction area of several active-tectonic blocks(e.g. the Ordos, Yan Shan and North China Plain blocks), thus it has the tectonic conditions for strong earthquakes. Studying the active tectonics in the northern Shanxi Graben System will thus be of great significance to the seismic hazard assessment. Based on high-resolution remote sensing image interpretations and field investigations, combined with the UAV photogrammetry and OSL dating, we studied the late Quaternary activity and slip rate of the relatively poorly-researched Yanggao-Tianzhen Fault(YTF)in the Jin-Ji-Meng Basin-and-Range Province and got the followings: 1)The YTF extends for more than 75km from Dashagou, Fengzhen, Inner Mongolia in the west to Yiqingpo, Tianzhen, Shanxi Province in the east. In most cases, the YTF lies in the contact zone between the bedrock mountain and the sediments in the basin, but the fault grows into the basin where the fault geometry is irregular. At the vicinity of the Erdun Village, Shijiudun Village, and Yulinkou Village, the faults are not only distributed at the basin-mountain boundary, we have also found evidence of late Quaternary fault activity in the alluvial fans that is far away from the basin-mountain boundary. The overall strike of the fault is N78°E, but the strike gradually changes from ENE to NE, then to NWW from the west to the east, with dips ranging from 30° to 80°. 2)Based on field surveys of tectonic landforms and analysis of fault kinematics in outcrops, we have found that the sense of motion of the YTF changes along its strikes: the NEE and NE-striking segments are mainly normal dip-slip faults, while the left-laterally displaced gullies on the NWW segment and the occurrence characteristics of striations in the fault outcrop indicate that the NWW-striking segment is normal fault with minor sinistral strike-slip component. The sense of motion of the YTF determined by geologic and geomorphic evidences is consistent with the relationship between the regional NNW-SSE extension regime and the fault geometry. 3)By measuring and dating the displaced geologic markers and geomorphic surfaces, such as terraces and alluvial fans at three sites along the western segment of the YTF, we estimated that the fault slip rates are 0.12~0.20mm/a over the late Pleistocene. In order to compare the slip rate determined by geological method with extension rate constrained by geodetic measurement, the vertical slip rates were converted into horizontal slip rate using the dip angles of the fault planes measured in the field. At Zhuanlou Village, the T2 terrace was vertically displaced for(2.5±0.4)m, the abandonment age of the T2 was constrained to be(12.5±1.6)ka, so we determined a vertical slip rate of(0.2±0.04)mm/a using the deformed T2 terrace and its OSL age. For a 50°dipping fault, it corresponds to extension rate of(0.17±0.03)mm/a. At Pingshan Village, the vertical displacement of the late Pleistocene alluvial fan is measured to be(5.38±0.83)m, the abandonment age of the alluvial fan is(29.7±2.5)ka, thus we estimated the vertical slip rate of the YTF to(0.18±0.02)mm/a. For a 65° dipping fault, it corresponds to an extension rate of(0.09±0.01)mm/a. Ultimately, the corresponding extensional rates were determined to be between 0.09mm/a and 0.17mm/a. Geological and geodetic researches have shown that the northern Shanxi Graben System are extending in NNW-SSE direction with slip rates of 1~2mm/a. Our data suggests that the YTF accounts for about 10% of the crustal extension rate in the northern Shanxi Graben System. 相似文献
15.
16.
Huang Qingtuan 《中国地震研究》2005,19(2):214-223
INTRODUCTION TheLonghai ZhangpucoastalareaofFujianProvinceliesonthesouthernsideoftheoutletofthe JiulongjiangRiver.Tectonically,itislocatedonthesouthernsegmentoftheChangle Zhao’anfault zone.Previously,alotofseismogeologicresearchworkhasbeencarriedoutinthi… 相似文献
17.
郯庐断裂带地壳活动新特征 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在多期大面积水准复测资料分析结果的基础上，结合最新复测资料，并首次结合苏鲁皖三省的跨断层流动水量资料和郯庐带地震台的形变监测资料进行了全时空地、系统地分析、给出了全部有异常活动并去掉长趋势线性项的观测值曲线。 相似文献
18.
ANALYSIS OF THE LATE QUATERNARY ACTIVITY ALONG THE WENCHUAN-MAOXIAN FAULT -MIDDLE OF THE BACK-RANGE FAULT AT THE LONGMENSHAN FAULT ZONE 下载免费PDF全文
下载免费PDF全文 The Longmenshan fault zone is located in eastern margin of Tibetan plateau and bounded on the east by Sichuan Basin, and tectonically the location is very important. It has a deep impact on the topography, geomorphology, geological structure and seismicity of southwestern China. It is primarily composed of multiple parallel thrust faults, namely, from northwest to southeast, the back-range, the central, the front-range and the piedmont hidden faults, respectively. The MS8.0 Wenchuan earthquake of 12th May 2008 ruptured the central and the front-range faults. But the earthquake didn't rupture the back-range fault. This shows that these two faults are both active in Holocene. But until now, we don't know exactly the activity of the back-range fault. The back-range fault consists of the Pingwu-Qingchuan Fault, the Wenchuan-Maoxian Fault and the Gengda-Longdong Fault. Through satellite image(Google Earth)interpretation, combining with field investigation, we preliminarily found out that five steps of alluvial platforms or terraces have been developed in Minjiang region along the Wenchuan-Maoxian Fault. T1 and T2 terraces are more continuous than T3, T4 and T5 terraces. Combining with the previous work, we discuss the formation ages of the terraces and conclude, analyze and summarize the existing researches about the terraces of Minjiang River. We constrain the ages of T1, T2, T3, T4 and T5 surfaces to 3~10ka BP,~20ka BP, 40~50ka BP, 60ka BP and 80ka BP, respectively. Combining with geomorphologic structural interpretation, measurements of the cross sections of the terraces by differential GPS and detailed site visits including terraces, gullies and other geologic landforms along the fault, we have reason to consider that the Wenchuan-Maoxian Fault was active between the formation age of T3 and T2 terrace, but inactive since T2 terrace formed. Its latest active period should be the middle and late time of late Pleistocene, and there is no activity since the Holocene. Combining with the knowledge that the central and the front-range faults are both Quaternary active faults, the activity of Longmenshan fault zone should have shifted to the central and the front-range faults which are closer to the basin, this indicates that the Longmenshan thrust belt fits the "Piggyback Type" to some extent. 相似文献
19.
临潼-长安断裂带晚第四纪以来的活动性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对临潼-长安断裂带进行了详细的野外调查,以期掌握其最新活动年代和第四纪以来的活动特征。该断裂总体走向NE,以张性垂直运动为主,断面明显错断了黄土中的第1层古土壤S1,说明其晚更新世以来仍在活动,并且北段和中段的活动性比南段强,但是错距大多<2m,滑动速率较小,考虑到临潼-长安断裂带由多条次级断层组成,其整体活动性应该比我们计算得到的局部断层滑动速率大得多。断层错距自上而下成递增趋势,并且根据不同地层年代计算出的滑动速率基本一致,因此该断裂带自中更新世晚期以来极可能以垂向蠕滑活动为主 相似文献
20.
本文从活断层地貌,断层作用的相关沉积特征,断层面物质受地震作用以后的物理变化等方面讨论了黑河口断层晚第四纪以来发生的古地震期次。并用钙土壤、地貌陡坎演化等相对年代方法,结合一些实验室样品年代,确定古地震发生的年代。结果表明:黑河口断层晚第四纪以来发生过四次古地震事件,一次发生在距今约25000年,另三次发生在距今13000、10500和8500年左右,为不均等间隔。本文还为干旱、半干旱区相对年代方法提供了区域“经验”关系 相似文献