共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
1.
本利用国际上最新公司的ＯＰＡＬ不透明度表及相应的化学丰度，计算了三颗不同初始质量的星族Ｉ恒星的非守恒演化模型，并和过去长期采用的ＬＡＯＬ不透明度的结果进行详细比较，得出以下主要结论：（１）恒星ＨＲ图中的演化轨迹光度降低，主序位置明显向红方向移动；（２）恒星中心Ｈ，Ｈｅ燃烧寿命大大延长了；（３）小质量星氢燃烧核和对流核都变小，大、中质量星的中心对流核和燃烧核都有所增大；（４）恒星中心温度－密度关系 相似文献
2.
仙王座β型变星是一类上部主序的短周期内因变星，找到它们及其它早型变星的脉动激发机制是一个长期未能解决的问题．新发表的不透明度表格ＯＰＡＬ比早期的表格有显著的提高，这样不透明度机制似乎就能够解释仙王座β型变星的脉动．本文用线性径向非绝热脉动理论研究了仙王座β型星的脉动稳定性，检查了不透明度机制，用的不透明度是对ＯＰＡＬ表格的一种分析逼近，但计算的十阶以下脉动模式都是稳定的．由于未能证实别人得到的脉动不稳定性，所以我们怀疑不透明度机制可能还不足以激发仙王座β型星，因而给它们的激发机制下一个肯定的结论似乎还为时过早．我们认为对仙王座β型星的脉动起因，有必要进一步研究不透明度机制或别的脉动激发机制． 相似文献
3.
恒星的自转 ,是恒星结构和演化理论的难点。近年来有许多观测事实 ,特别是早型大质量星的观测事实 ,预示恒星的自转效应可能引起恒星内部的物质向外转移 ,造成恒星表面一些元素丰度超丰 ,并且对恒星结构和演化产生重要影响 ,因此 ,恒星的自转问题受到了越来越多的关注。考虑自转效应后 ,恒星结构和演化模型将是二维模型 ,本文综述了诸多作者如何将二维的恒星结构和演化模型简化为一维模型。作者在研究了以上作者的简化方法后 ,提出了一种比较简单的新方法。这种方法基于如下假设 :假设在等势面上的温度 ,密度 ,压强 ,光度 ,化学组成和角速度等物理和化学量近似于均匀分布 ,并且这些量与等价球面上的量相同。 (等价球面是假想的球面 ,它包围的体积与等势面包围的体积相等。)我们在等价球面上推出新的转动恒星结构和演化方程 ,构造出新的演化模型。这个模型与不考虑转动效应的演化模型相比 ,有以下变化 :流体静力学平衡方程变化 ;辐射温度梯度变化 ,并引起对流判据变化 ;星风物质损失和角动量损失增大。作为转动恒星结构和演化模型的应用 ,我们研究了中 ,小质量星中心氦燃烧阶段在赫罗图中的演化轨迹发生来回摆动 (又称为蓝回绕 )的物理机制问题。有诸多作者曾经研究了可以影响蓝回绕的各种因素。但是不知 相似文献
4.
王菲鹿 《紫金山天文台台刊》2003,(2)
使用不同的恒星辐射不透明度数值 ,对 5至 9个太阳质量恒星的演化模型进行计算 ,来研究辐射不透明度对赫罗图中蓝回绕的影响。结果表明在赫罗图中 ,使用OPAL不透明度值的恒星演化迹中存在着蓝回绕。而且 ,随着辐射不透明度的增加 ,蓝回绕会快速收缩直至消失 相似文献
5.
中等质量富金属AGB长周期变星的振动研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本采用恒星演化计算与恒星振动计算相结合的方法，对中等质量富金属恒星演化到渐近巨星分支时的振动性质进行了分析研究，从理论上得出这类恒星的振动方式是处于一阶谐频振动，而振动的激发则是在氢电离区和氦的二次电离区由多种机制共同作用造成的，同时提出很长周期的ＡＧＢ长周期变星只能是由中等质量恒星演化到ＡＧＢ阶段形成的。我们的理论计算结果还比较支持在ＡＧＢ顶端存在巨大星风物质损失的观点，且这种星风物质损失很可 相似文献
6.
本文采用恒星演化计算与恒星振动计算相结合的方法，对中等质量富金属恒星演化到渐近巨星分支时的振动性质进行了分析研究，从理论上得出这类恒星的振动方式是处于一阶谐频振动，而振动的激发则是在氢电离区和氦的二次电离区由多种机制共同作用造成的，同时提出很长周期的ＡＧＢ长周期变星只能是由中等质量恒星演化到ＡＧＢ阶段形成的。我们的理论计算结果还比较支持在ＡＧＢ顶端存在巨大星风物质损失的观点，且这种星风物质损失很可能与恒星振动有关。 相似文献
7.
中等质量恒星在赫罗图中由E-AGB星进入TP-AGB星的分界点 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
通过对3～10 M_☉恒星在赫罗图上演化轨迹的研究,分析恒星内部氦壳层燃烧峰值处能量、密度、温度、氦壳层表面光度与恒星表面光度比及恒星半径的变化,给出了中等质量恒星由早期AGB星演化至热脉冲AGB星阶段在赫罗图上的分界点,与119颗碳星的观测结果吻合得相当好.同时提出:在恒星演化至该分界点之后,其星风物质损失公式可能需要引入一个与表面光度无关的量以主导超星风的形成.在此基础上,通过对考虑湍流压效应下5 M_☉恒星的结构和演化及星风物质损失率的分析,发现湍流压在热脉冲AGB星阶段对星风物质损失影响较大,从而使得热脉冲AGB星的湍流压不可忽略,进而提出了影响热脉冲AGB星星风物质损失的可能的物理因素. 相似文献
8.
本文利用国际上最新公布的OPAL不透明度表及相应的化学丰度，计算了三颗不同初始质量的星族互恒星的非守恒演化模型，并和过去长期采用的LAOL不透明度的结果进行详细比较，得出以下主要结论：（1）恒星HR图中的演化轨迹光度降低，主序位置明显向红方向移动；（2）恒星中心H，He燃烧寿命大大延长了；（3）小质量星氢燃烧核和对流核都变小，大、中质量星的中心对流核和燃烧核都有所增大；（4）恒星中心温度－密度关系基本不受影响． 相似文献
9.
10.
恒星的自转，是恒星结构和演化理论的难点。近年来有许多观测事实，特别是早型大质量星的观测事实，预示恒星的自转效应可能引起恒星内部的物质向外转移，造成恒星表面一些元素丰度超丰，并且对恒星结构和演化产生重要影响，因此，恒星的自转问题受到了越来越多的关注。考虑自转效应后，恒星结构和演经模型将是二维模型，本文综述了诸多作者如何将二维的恒星结构和演化模型简化为一维模型。作者在研究了以上作者的简化方法后，提出了一种比较简单的新方法。这种方法基于如下假设：假设在等势面上的温度，密度，压强，光度，化学组成和角速度等物理和化学量近似于均匀分布，并且这些量与等价球面上的量相同。（等价球面是假想的球面，它包围的体积与等势面包围的体积相等。）我们在等价球面上推出新的转动恒星结构和演化方程，构造出新的演化模型。这个模型与不考虑转动效应的演化模型相比，有以下变化：流体静力学平衡方程变化；辐射温度梯度变化，并引起对流判据变化；星风物质损失和角动量损失增大。作为转动恒星结构和演化模型的应用，我们研究了中，小质量星中心氦燃烧阶段在赫罗图中的演化轨迹发生来回摆动（又称为蓝回绕）的物理机制问题。有诸多作者曾经研究了可以影响蓝回绕的各种因素。但是不知道这些因素之间的内在联系，更无法判断这些因素中哪些因素是主要的。我们根据前人已经知道的对流超射效应与自转效应对蓝回绕的影响正好相反的事实，想到对比对流超射效应和自转效应对于同一颗星和同一化学组成所造成的内部结构的不同，以发现有哪些物理因素对于产生蓝回绕起主要作用以及各种物理因素之间的关系。初步分析的结果认为：蓝回绕的形状和中心氦燃烧阶段的总产能率的变化相关联。当总产能率主要由壳层氢产能率的变化所提供时，蓝回绕主要与氢丰度变化区（μ－梯度区）的氢丰度分布轮廓（X－profile)，μ－梯度区的温度，以及对外流区的深入程度密切相关。当总产能率由氢燃烧壳层和氦核的产能率变化所提供时，蓝回绕不仅与μ－梯度区的特性腾，还与氦核的大小和温度密切相关。另外，本文也分析了转动恒星中的物理机制，确定了今后的研究方向。 相似文献
11.
C. G. Campbell 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,301(3):754-758
An analytic model is presented for the inner structure of an accretion disc in the presence of a strong stellar magnetic field. The model is valid inside the radius at which the electron scattering opacity starts to exceed the Kramers opacity. It illustrates how the increasing stellar poloidal field leads to an elevated disc temperature, ultimately causing a breakdown in the vertical equilibrium owing to rapidly increasing radiation pressure which cannot be balanced by the vertical stellar gravity. Viscous instability also occurs. The solution gives an accurate representation of numerical results, and enables useful expressions to be derived for the radius at which the disc is marginally thin and the radius at which viscous instability occurs. The disruption mechanism appears to have general validity for accretion discs around strongly magnetic stars. 相似文献
12.
Stellar mass is an indispensable parameter in the studies of stellar physics and stellar dynamics. On the one hand, the most reliable way to determine the stellar dynamical mass is via orbital determinations of binaries. On the other hand, however, most stellar masses have to be estimated by using the mass luminosity relation (MLR). Therefore, it is important to obtain the empirical MLR through fitting the data of stellar dynamical mass and luminosity. The effect of metallicity can make this relation disperse in the V-band, but studies show that this is mainly limited to the case when the stellar mass is less than 0.6M⊙ Recently, many relevant data have been accumulated for main sequence stars with larger masses, which make it possible to significantly improve the corresponding MLR. Using a fitting method which can reasonably assign weights to the observational data including two quantities with different dimensions, we obtain a V-band MLR based on the dynamical masses and luminosities of 203 main sequence stars. In comparison with the previous work, the improved MLR is statistically significant, and the relative error of mass estimation reaches about 5%. Therefore, our MLR is useful not only in the studies of statistical nature, but also in the studies of concrete stellar systems, such as the long-term dynamical study and the short-term positioning study of a specific multiple star system. 相似文献
13.
Janet E. Drew 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1994,216(1-2):45-54
New high-quality high spectral resolution observations of the HI line emission from massive young stellar objects are described and discussed. It is proposed that two distinct physical components contribute to the observed emission. One of these is an optically-thick high-velocity stellar wind, the other a more slowly moving optically-thin volume of gas that may, in the case of S106IR at least, be caused by mass loading of the stellar wind. This decomposition is shown to resolve a long-standing problem regarding the relative widths of high and low opacity lines. 相似文献
14.
Ralf Kotulla Uta Fritze Peter Weilbacher Peter Anders 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2009,396(1):462-484
galev (GALaxy EVolution) evolutionary synthesis models describe the evolution of stellar populations in general, of star clusters as well as of galaxies, both in terms of resolved stellar populations and of integrated light properties over cosmological time-scales of ≥13 Gyr from the onset of star formation shortly after the big bang until today.
For galaxies, galev includes a simultaneous treatment of the chemical evolution of the gas and the spectral evolution of the stellar content, allowing for what we call a chemically consistent treatment: we use input physics (stellar evolutionary tracks, stellar yields and model atmospheres) for a large range of metallicities and consistently account for the increasing initial abundances of successive stellar generations.
Here we present the latest version of the galev evolutionary synthesis models that are now interactively available at http://www.galev.org . We review the currently used input physics, and also give details on how this physics is implemented in practice. We explain how to use the interactive web interface to generate models for user-defined parameters and also give a range of applications that can be studied using galev , ranging from star clusters, undisturbed galaxies of various types E–Sd to starburst and dwarf galaxies, both in the local and the high-redshift Universe. 相似文献
For galaxies, galev includes a simultaneous treatment of the chemical evolution of the gas and the spectral evolution of the stellar content, allowing for what we call a chemically consistent treatment: we use input physics (stellar evolutionary tracks, stellar yields and model atmospheres) for a large range of metallicities and consistently account for the increasing initial abundances of successive stellar generations.
Here we present the latest version of the galev evolutionary synthesis models that are now interactively available at http://www.galev.org . We review the currently used input physics, and also give details on how this physics is implemented in practice. We explain how to use the interactive web interface to generate models for user-defined parameters and also give a range of applications that can be studied using galev , ranging from star clusters, undisturbed galaxies of various types E–Sd to starburst and dwarf galaxies, both in the local and the high-redshift Universe. 相似文献
15.
A. T. Kalloghlian 《Astrophysics》2009,52(2):157-167
This article is intended to remind us of the history of the origins of one of the fundamental discoveries of the twentieth
century, stellar associations, which are connected with the name of V. A. Ambartsumyan. It is not a complete discussion of
all the published work, for this is, of course, impossible. Research on stellar associations began immediately after their
discovery and continues to this day. Observations are now also carried out by automatic satellites and a vast amount of observational
data has been obtained. Many stellar associations have been discovered, both in our galaxy and in other galaxies. Catalogs
of stellar associations have been compiled and many problems relating to stellar associations have been solved.
Translated from Astrofizika, Vol. 52, No. 2, pp. 171–184 (May 2009). 相似文献
16.
Milan S. Dimitrijević 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1997,252(1-2):415-422
Results of an effort to provide to astrophysicists and physicists a set of Stark broadening parameters that is as complete as possible are presented. Such parameters are needed for stellar opacity calculations, stellar atmosphere modelling, abundance determinations, and diagnostics of various plasmas in astrophysics, physics, and plasma technology. The Stark broadening was treated using a semiclassical perturbation and modified semiempirical approaches. 相似文献
17.
Non-degenerate stars of essentially all spectral classes are soft X-ray sources. Their X-ray spectra have been important in
constraining physical processes that heat plasma in stellar environments to temperatures exceeding one million degrees. Low-mass
stars on the cooler part of the main sequence and their pre-main sequence predecessors define the dominant stellar population
in the galaxy by number. Their X-ray spectra are reminiscent, in the broadest sense, of X-ray spectra from the solar corona.
The Sun itself as a typical example of a main-sequence cool star has been a pivotal testbed for physical models to be applied
to cool stars. X-ray emission from cool stars is indeed ascribed to magnetically trapped hot gas analogous to the solar coronal
plasma, although plasma parameters such as temperature, density, and element abundances vary widely. Coronal structure, its
thermal stratification and geometric extent can also be interpreted based on various spectral diagnostics. New features have
been identified in pre-main sequence stars; some of these may be related to accretion shocks on the stellar surface, fluorescence
on circumstellar disks due to X-ray irradiation, or shock heating in stellar outflows. Massive, hot stars clearly dominate
the interaction with the galactic interstellar medium: they are the main sources of ionizing radiation, mechanical energy
and chemical enrichment in galaxies. High-energy emission permits to probe some of the most important processes at work in
these stars, and put constraints on their most peculiar feature: the stellar wind. Medium and high- resolution spectroscopy
have shed new light on these objects as well. Here, we review recent advances in our understanding of cool and hot stars through
the study of X-ray spectra, in particular high-resolution spectra now available from XMM-Newton and Chandra. We address issues related to coronal structure, flares, the composition of coronal plasma, X-ray production in accretion
streams and outflows, X-rays from single OB-type stars, massive binaries, magnetic hot objects and evolved WR stars. 相似文献
18.
19.
Axel Brandenburg & Chris G. Campbell 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》1998,298(1):223-230
The radial structure of a thin accretion disc is calculated in the presence of a central dipole magnetic field aligned with the rotation axis. The problem is treated using a modified expression for the turbulent magnetic diffusion, which allows the angular momentum equation to be integrated analytically. The governing algebraic equations are solved iteratively between 1 and 104 stellar radii. An analytic approximation is provided that is valid near the disruption radius at about 100 stellar radii. At that point, which is approximately 60 per cent of the Alfvén radius and typically about 30 per cent of the corotation radius, the disc becomes viscously unstable. This instability results from the fact that both radiation pressure and opacity caused by electron scattering become important. This in turn is a consequence of the magnetic field which leads to an enhanced temperature in the inner parts. This is because the magnetic field gives rise to a strongly enhanced vertically integrated viscosity, so that the viscous torque can balance the magnetic torque. 相似文献
20.
C. Mendoza M. J. Seaton P. Buerger A. Bellorín M. Meléndez † J. González L. S. Rodríguez F. Delahaye E. Palacios A. K. Pradhan C. J. Zeippen 《Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society》2007,378(3):1031-1035
Codes to compute mean opacities and radiative accelerations for arbitrary chemical mixtures using the Opacity Project recently revised data have been restructured in a client–server architecture and transcribed as a subroutine library. This implementation increases efficiency in stellar modelling where element stratification due to diffusion processes is depth dependent, and thus requires repeated fast opacity re-estimates. Three user modes are provided to fit different computing environments, namely, a web browser, a local workstation and a distributed grid. 相似文献