共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
陆维松 《南京气象学院学报》1994,17(1):11-19
从准地转正压涡度方程，提出新的双时间尺度，首次导得了正压大气波动的４波准共振耦合方程，即广义Ｌａｎｄａｕ方程，利用新的守恒量，求得其甚低频周期解，其周期为一年左右，这可认为是实际大气中年际振荡的一种新的物理机制。并可求出４波准共振波矢。 相似文献
2.
Zhang Xuehong 《大气科学进展》1985,2(2):167-177
A kind of technique of computer extension of perturbation series is presented and used in seeking for the second-order approximation to a large-scale travelling wave solution of the barotropic primitive equations. Numerical experiments show that the second-order approximation keeps major characters of the travelling wave solution and is indeed more exact than the zero-order and the first order approximations. 相似文献
3.
两层正压准平衡海洋模型的中纬度自由涡旋波动解 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
建立了具有瑞利摩擦且仅考虑大洋西海岸或同时考虑大洋东、西海岸的两层正压准平衡海洋模型,并做了解析求解,用以研究中纬度的自由涡旋波。得到的主要结论有:模型中该波动的解为波包。在仅考虑大洋西海岸时该波包的载频频率是连续谱;而同时考虑大洋东、西海岸时其为离散谱;且均有载频频率越高(周期越短)水平尺度越大的特点,对过分低频的波动,则会使准平衡的假定不再适用。模型中该波动波包载频的周期约在26天至24年。因考虑了摩擦,该波包的振幅随时间呈指数衰减,但摩擦系数的大小仅影响其衰减程度而不改变其空间结构,最终该波包振幅趋于0,故该两层正压海洋模型的解就趋于大气风场的强迫特解。模型中该波包的载频都是西传的;频率较高则西传较快,波包的特性和变形都很明显;频率低,则西传慢,其波形接近平面简谐波。在该两层正压模型中,该波动上层流场与正压模型中的流动类似,而下层海洋流动则其流速与上层海洋相同,而流向相反。该模型中该波动的性质是准平衡(准无辐散)的涡旋波,当摩擦不太大且其水平尺度在10km以上时,其性质则为准地转的Rossby波。 相似文献
4.
We have determined free Rossby waves in the North Pacific Current by numerical methods. We have found only two stable solutions — the barotropic and first-order baroclinic Rossby shear modes. The influence of the current on the dispersion features of these waves is small for the barotropic shear mode, but is significant for the baroclinic shear mode. An explicit comparison of the dispersion relations for the baroclinic wave in case of vanishing and non-vanishing current is given. We have found at most one unstable solution per wave number. The unstable wave with largest growth rate has an e-folding time of 1.1 year. We have calculated vertical profiles of the stream function and the temperature for the various shear modes at various wave numbers. The temperature shear modes have been calculated for later usage in a Rossby wave model to be fitted to observed temperature data from the North Pacific Current area. 相似文献
5.
In this paper,by using the simplified hydrodynamic equations of barotropic nondivergent atmosphere incylindrial coordinates,the nondispersion cnoidal wave solution of spiral planetary waves is discovered.The formulas of wave speed and the diagnostic relationships between wave parameters are obtained,mostof which are consistent with observed facts.It might mean that the nondispersion cnoidal wave does existin the real atmosphere.At least it might be a first approximation to the actual nonlinear wave. 相似文献
6.
The barotropic and baroclinic disturbances axisymmetrized by the barotropic basic vortex are examined in an idealized modeling framework consisting of two layers.Using a Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approach,the radial propagation of a baroclinic disturbance is shown to be slower than a barotropic disturbance,resulting in a slower linear axisymmetrization for baroclinic disturbances.The slower-propagating baroclinic waves also cause more baroclinic asymmetric kinetic energy to be transferred directly to the barotropic symmetric vortex than from barotropic disturbances,resulting in a faster axisymmetrization process in the nonlinear baroclinic wave case than in the nonlinear barotropic wave case. 相似文献
7.
管兆勇 《南京气象学院学报》1993,16(4):418-424
通过对非线性方程组的求解和讨论，指出：非线性Ｋｅｌｖｉｎ波与线性波相比，在扰动的水平结构和时间演变上都存在着显著的差异；在波动的传播方式上也较线性情形复杂。与层结大气中的正压模态有关的波动亦有与上述类似的特征。 相似文献
8.
The barotropic and baroclinic disturbances axisymmetrized by the barotropic basic vortex are examined in an idealized modeling framework consisting of two layers. Using a Wentzel-Kramers-Brillouin approach, the radial propagation of a baroclinic disturbance is shown to be slower than a barotropic disturbance, resulting in a slower linear axisymmetrization for baroclinic disturbances. The slower-propagating baroclinic waves also cause more baroclinic asymmetric kinetic energy to be transferred directly to the barotropic symmetric vortex than from barotropic disturbances, resulting in a faster axisymmetrization process in the nonlinear baroclinic wave case than in the nonlinear barotropic wave case. 相似文献
9.
Study on Atmospheric Travelling Wave Solutions and Review of Its Present Developments 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The scientific achievements of travelling waves in a barotropic atmosphere are introduced, including i) the existence conditions of periodic solutions (wavetrain solutions) and solitary wave solutions (pulse solutions), together with the solution finding methods and a series of related problems, ii) seeking solutions of monotonous wave (wave front) and of nonmonotonous travelling wave (oscillatory wave) by using phase plane shooting technique and hi) progress in the study of travelling wave solution at home and abroad. The investigation of travelling wave solutions in recent years has been found in mathematics, physics, chemistry, biology and other sciences. Over the past decade the problem has been the subject of much interest and become an important area of research. So it is no doubt of great significance to investigate the travelling wave solutions and thereby explain phenomena of weather. 相似文献
10.
Based on a barotropic vortex model, generalized energy-conserving equation was derived and two
necessary conditions of basic flow destabilization are gained. These conditions correspond to generalized
barotropic instability and super speed instability. They are instabilities of vortex and gravity inertial wave
respectively. In order to relate to practical situation, a barotropic vortex was analyzed, the basic flow of which is similar to lower level basic wind field of tropical cyclones and the maximum wind radius of which is 500 km.
The results show that generalized barotropic instability depending upon the radial gradient of relative vorticity
can appear in this vortex. It can be concluded that unstable vortex Rossby wave may appear in barotropic vortex. 相似文献
11.
利用由两层准地转模式简化的低谱模式，得知相当正压结构Ｒｒｏｓｓｂｙ波为平衡态，讨论了具有相当正压结构的Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波存在所需条件；并以定常Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波（相当正压结构）为基态，导出反映高低层Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波位相变化的振荡方程，指出高低层位相差的变化与垂直切交流的扰动、平均层上流函数和热成风流函数波动部分振幅扰动（Ａ’和Ｂ’）的关系，说明相当正压结构和斜医结构的Ｒｏｓｓｂｙ波是相互转换的。 相似文献
12.
设计了一个热带赤道β-平面的两层海洋模式,在准长波近似下,应用最大截断模分析赤道波的基本形态,指出无论是正压模或斜压模Kelvin波、Rossby波及基本流所对应的“地形Rossby波”是最基本的波系,在基本流的一定切变条件下,它们之间可以耦合出一类不稳定波。在浅混合层近似和“快波近似”下,正压模和斜压模是可以分离的,因此可以分别分析它们的色散特征,由于它们的特征量不同,在同样波长(扰动的纬向尺度)下,扰动的增长率也不同,通过分析得出在一定参数下,斜压模扰动增长率为正压模的2倍。近似分析表明,混合层中流场的增长要快于温跃层,但温跃层的温度增长要比混合层明显。 相似文献
13.
Rossby波的能量、能量通量与Lagrange函数 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
利用正压涡度方程计算波动能量通量时,它的形式将不同于直接利用运动方程所求得的通量,这是一个于六十年代初所提出的问题。在本文中,对此问题进行再次分析与研究。结果表明,如果将运动方程进行改写,使其包含了与涡度方程相等的条件,对于波动而言,就整个波动范围求平均且假定波动振幅为常数,则可得到相同的表示式。于文中,还利用此改写的运动方程,导得了波动位能的表示式,这为进一步研究非线性Rossby波提供了一个物理基础。 相似文献
14.
Lu Weisong 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1989,3(1):90-97
Based on a non-frictional and non-divergent nonlinear barotropic vorticity equation and its solutions oftravelling waves,the criteria for linear and nonlinear barotropic instability are gained respectively at an equilibriumpoint of the equation on a phase plane.The linear and nonlinear analytical solutions to instability waves arealso found.The computational results show that if their amplitudes are equal at the initial time,the amplitudeincrements of nonlinear instable barotropic wave are always less than those of linear instable barotropic wave.The nonlinear effects can slow down the exponential growth of linear instability.The time needed for makingthe amplitude double that of initial time by instabilities,is about 6h for linear instability and about 18h fornonlinear instability,the latter is in agreement with the observations in the real atmosphere. 相似文献
15.
《Dynamics of Atmospheres and Oceans》1998,28(1):9-37
In this paper, we investigate the meridional propagation of a forced Rossby wave packet towards a critical layer in a zonal shear flow by solving the linearized barotropic vorticity equation. The forcing is applied north of the critical layer. Two approaches are employed for solving this problem. First, an analytic solution valid for large time is derived, using Fourier and Laplace transform techniques and asymptotic approximations. This solution exhibits the modification due to the wave packet of the solution obtained by Warn and Warn (1976) [Warn, T., Warn H., 1976. On the development of a Rossby wave critical level. J. Atmos. Sci., 33, 2021–2024.] in the monochromatic case. A numerical investigation is then carried out using a finite difference scheme and a time-dependent radiation condition. It is found that the forced wave packet is absorbed at the critical layer and the total momentum transferred to the mean flow as a result of the absorption is observed to be proportional to the length scale of the wave packet. We also consider the case of a north–south mean flow with a longitudinally propagating wave packet forced to the east or west of the critical layer. The monochromatic version of this problem has been used before (Geisler, J.E., Dickinson, R.E., 1975. Critical level absorption of barotropic Rossby waves in a north–south flow. J. Geophys. Res., 80, 3805–3811.) to examine the interaction of western boundary currents and oceanic Rossby waves. 相似文献
16.
Wu Rongsheng 《Acta Meteorologica Sinica》1987,1(2):143-150
The energy flux derived from the barotropic vorticity equation differs from that obtained directly from the momentum equation.We re-study this problem raised in the early 1960s.The results show that if the momentum equation is rewritten in such a way that it contains the same conditions as that for the barotropic vorticity equation,then the same form of average energy flux can be obtained for the waves with constant amplitudes.With this new momentum equation,the potential energy of Rossby wave is derived and Lagrangian of nonlinear barotropic vorticity equation can be approximately found with this potential energy.This provides a physical basis for studying the dynamics of nonlinear Rossby wave with the approach of calculus of variation. 相似文献
17.
利用CAM3（Community Atmosphere Model version 3）模式和ERA-Interim再分析数据研究了对流层中青藏高原大地形对东亚地区定常扰动能量源的影响。在冬季对流层中东亚地区的定常扰动的能量源地主要有两个,分别是高原北部的东亚地区和高原下游的西太平洋地区。高原高度增加时,对流层整层东亚地区斜压发展随高原高度增高而减弱,西太平洋地区斜压发展增强。定常扰动的正压发展与斜压发展的位置相似,但是明显的要比定常扰动的斜压发展弱。随着高原高度升高,在对流层中高原北部的东亚地区正压发展先减弱后增强,而在高原下游的西太平洋地区随高原高度增高正压发展一直增强。在冬季对流层中定常扰动的总能量发展与定常扰动的斜压发展一致,这样的发展趋势说明了冬季东亚地区和西太平洋地区定常扰动在对流层中的能量发展主要是斜压性引起的。 相似文献
18.
正压准平衡海洋模型及其解（Ⅰ）：中纬度大尺度风场强迫情况 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
本文建立了风场强迫下考虑瑞利摩擦的水平二维正压准平衡海洋模型,并对中纬度大尺度风场强迫的情况做了解析求解。结果表明,在近地面西风急流的强迫下,在理想海洋的西海岸以东会出现由气旋涡与反气旋涡构成的涡旋偶;当西风强迫越大,粘性越小时其强度越大,而β越大,β通道的半宽越小,则其沿纬向的变化越剧烈;该涡旋偶的性质属准平衡的涡旋波。将该结果与北太平洋上层流场异常的复EOF分析的第一模态作比较后可见,两者有类似之处。最终,该海洋模型的解则趋于该风场强迫特解。 相似文献
19.
In this paper, we have investigated large scale disturbance in barotropic atmosphere on a sphere. It demonstrates that: considering nonlinear effects of interaction between waves in barotropic vorticity equation, the wave packet of the disturbance is governed by the famous equation-nonlinear Schrodinger equation. For the solitary wave, two fac-tors are very important: one is spherical effect of the disturbance and the other is meridional shear of blocking high. In comparison with the results of local Cartesian coordinates, the former factor is the individuality of spherical soliton. 相似文献