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1.
STEVEN M. SCHNELL 《Geographical review》2003,93(1):1-29
ABSTRACT. In Lindsborg, Kansas—“Little Sweden, U.S.A.”—the streets are lined with shops offering “An Adventure in Swedish Tradition,” and residents put on numerous festivals throughout the year highlighting Swedish folk customs. Such ethnic tourist towns have become increasingly widespread in the United States over the past thirty years. Tourists tend to perceive these places as towns where folk culture has been passed down unchanged for generations, while academics tend to dismiss residents' ethnicity as crass commercialism. Neither view is correct. Ethnicity and tradition are not static but constantly invented and reinvented. Modern folk ethnicity, among European Americans in particular, is simply the most recent incarnation of this process, one that attempts to recover ties to a specific, small‐scale landscape and history. This article explores the changing nature of the narratives of ethnicity and place‐based identity that the residents of Lindsborg have used to create a place for themselves in American society. 相似文献
2.
以福建省155个旅游小镇为研究样本,运用空间统计分析法对其空间分布特征及影响因素进行研究。结果表明：① 福建省旅游小镇空间分布整体上趋于均匀状态,在各个地市的数量分布上也相对均衡;② 福建省旅游小镇核密度呈现出“东高、西低”的分布特征,生态人居型旅游小镇分布密度最大,特色产业型旅游小镇分布密度最小;③ 福建省旅游小镇发展以冷点区和次冷点区为主,冷点区和热点区空间差异明显;④ 经济基础、城镇化水平、人口密度、客源市场是福建省旅游小镇空间分布的主要影响因素。 相似文献
3.
A significant percentage of the smaller urban centres around the world are losing people which raises questions regarding the appropriate responses to this challenge. Responses from the state have generally been muted, and as a result, concepts of new localism and new regionalism are useful for understanding the role played by place‐based leadership and partnerships between local businesses, community groups and individuals. Key within this space is the role of endogenous responses anchored on local social capital and resilience. This paper overviews key themes in the literature before examining statistical evidence of small town growth, stabilisation or decline in New Zealand. This leads into an examination of how three small towns in the country are responding to demographic and economic change. The cases illustrate the importance of local‐led responses to the debilitating effects of change and the degree to which place based development can be critical in the context of coping with change in small towns. The paper further argues that “right‐sizing” to a new economic and demographic reality may be the appropriate focus of local attention. 相似文献
4.
T. C. Chang 《The Professional geographer》1999,51(1):91-103
It is commonly assumed that the development of tourist attractions, the formulation of tourism policies, and the marketing of destination areas are dictated by the needs and interests of foreign visitors. What is ignored is the role that local factors and agencies play in these processes. This paper explores the way local and non-local factors are responsible for shaping the form and function of tourism development. Drawing upon the case of Singapore, I examine the country's heritage tourism phenomenon as the outcome of “local” and “global” forces. This argument is elaborated along three lines of enquiry. They include: (a) a study of the government's tourism policies; (b) an examination of marketing and promotional strategies; and (c) a look at a particular urban landscape—the Little India Historic District. To conceptualize the global-local nexus, the paper embraces two bodies of theory. They are the “locality concept” advanced by industrial geographers in the 1980s, and writings on “globalism/localism” by cultural/economic geographers in the 1990s. Both theoretical discussions reinforce the argument that place uniqueness need not be sacrificed as a result of globalization. They also provide a way of viewing tourism geographies as the product of global and local forces. 相似文献
5.
京津冀雄旅游经济空间结构研究 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
利用引力模型和社会网络分析法,采用网络密度、网络中心度和核心边缘指数,对2013和2016年的京津冀雄地区的旅游经济空间结构进行分析。分析发现：① 旅游经济联系度和联系量提高显著,旅游经济联系有均质化趋势。② 网络结构呈现北部和南部相对稀疏,中东部相对密集的非均质格局。③ 雄安新区是旅游网络空间的战略节点,该区将促进京津冀旅游均质化发展。④ 具有一定的核心-边缘区结构,北京和天津为核心区;邢台和雄安为边缘地区;其他区域为中间区。石家庄和邯郸将成为除京津之外的旅游经济网络结构中心。京津冀雄逐步从“两核独大”网络格局向“两核带动,多点发展”转变,区域整体网络化初步形成。 相似文献
6.
Adam Keul 《Geographical review》2014,104(4):506-522
The development of ethnic tourism involves a process of community‐ and individual‐level objectification and commodification. To be attractive to outsiders, planners and tourism professionals often present local lifeways as unique and local while and contrasting them to an external globalized world. Using a political economic approach, this paper shows that this process of self‐commodification may give tourism professionals some control over how ethnic cultures are is presented, but does so within the parameters of state oversight and consumers’ desires. A case study of Louisiana Cajun tourism reveals how a specific narrative of swamp subsistence is deployed by individual tour guides and through the tourism planning process. This “heritage ecology” is used to romanticize a Cajun cultural ecology as “living off of the swamp” despite the fact that swamp commodities have almost always been produced for external markets. Similar to past commodities, swamp tourism still involves the production of Cajun‐swamp culture for outside consumers. This type of tourism paradoxically presents the image of a physically and socially disconnected ethnic group by fostering connections with outsiders while in the swamp. 相似文献
7.
通过构建“旅游综合质量”评价指标，继而将引力模型进行修正以衡量各区域间旅游经济联系度并运用社会网络分析方法探究了2008—2017年新疆15个地州旅游经济的空间网络特征。结果表明：（1） 2008—2017年间，新疆旅游经济关联网络密度的均值仅为0.356、网络效率均值为0.718、网络等级度均值为0.367。（2） 10 a间，乌鲁木齐市、伊犁州直属、喀什地区、昌吉州、吐鲁番市等地属于度数中心度与中间中心度双高区域；阿勒泰地区、巴州等地属于度数中心度较高、中间中心度较低区域；克拉玛依市属于度数中心度较低，中间中心度较高区域；博州、和田地区、哈密地区、塔城地区、克州、阿克苏地区、石河子市等地属于度数中心度、中间中心度双低区域。（3） 乌鲁木齐市、昌吉州、喀什地区、伊犁州直属、阿勒泰地区等地在研究时限内属于“双向溢出板块”；石河子市、克拉玛依市、巴州、吐鲁番市属于“经纪人板块”；博州、哈密地区、塔城地区属于“净受益板块”；阿克苏地区、克州、和田地区属于“主受益板块”。本文旨在丰富旅游经济网络研究视角，同时为新疆各地州旅游经济发展与合作提供量化依据。 相似文献
8.
Ann M. Fletchall 《Geographical review》2016,106(4):539-566
Montana's craft brewing industry has grown astronomically in the last few decades and has spawned many breweries with local names and themes. Using Montana's craft breweries as a case study, this paper demonstrates that craft breweries play a significant role in contemporary place‐making. First, brewery and beer names are analyzed to extract several place‐based themes, and it is argued that these perpetuate a particular New West identity for the state. Then, through the lens of tourism and the quest for “authenticity,” surveys of brewery visitors are used to identify the various attractions that drinking craft beer and visiting breweries offer their patrons. Besides the taste of the beer, the local nature of breweries and their community focus prove to be an important draw for brewery visitors and provide the chance to experience the community in a more authentic way, and thus, offer an opportunity to make a meaningful connection with place. This research proves that craft breweries have become an important venue for place‐making, not only in Montana, but in other cities and states with a significant craft‐brewing industry 相似文献
9.
产业融合背景下运动休闲特色小镇的空间分异及形成因素 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
运用GIS空间分析探索中国运动休闲特色小镇的空间分异特征，通过逐步回归分析辨识运动休闲特色小镇空间分异的主导因素。结果表明：① 运动休闲特色小镇最邻近指数为0.77，空间集聚特征显著，主要分布于北京、河北和湖北3省市，呈“南多北少、东多西少”的空间分布特征；② 全国范围内运动休闲特色小镇地理集中指数为20.07%，东、中、西部的地理集中指数均大于全国地理集中指数，局部集中态势明显；不均衡指数为0.17，东部地区运动休闲特色小镇数量占全国的47.92%，分布最为集中；③ 运动休闲特色小镇主要集中分布于环渤海城市群、泛长三角城市群和长江中游城市群等地区；④ 政策环境、旅游经济发展水平、体育产业示范单位和体育产业示范项目成为影响中国运动休闲特色小镇空间分异的主导因素。 相似文献
10.
基于CiteSpace中国海洋经济研究的知识图谱分析 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
利用CiteSpace可视化文献分析工具对1982~2013年CNKI总库中文核心期刊以及CSSCI中文社会科学引文数据库中海洋经济研究的3 441篇相关文献进行分析,绘制出研究热点、核心作者群及研究机构的知识结构图谱。结果表明：自中国海洋经济研究会成立以来,中国海洋经济研究主要围绕 “海洋经济”、“海洋产业”、“可持续发展”、“海洋资源”、“海洋开发”、“滨海旅游”等展开;韩增林、张耀光、郑贵斌、殷克东、李靖宇、徐志斌等是主要的发文作者;国家海洋局、中国海洋大学、辽宁师范大学和广东海洋大学为发文较多的机构;《海洋开发与管理》是海洋经济相关研究载文量最多的期刊,《经济地理》、《中国人口·资源与环境》、《地域研究与开发》、《资源科学》等是主要的载文核心期刊。除了传统的海洋经济研究视角下,区域海洋经济差异、海洋产业结构与布局及优化、海洋产业竞争力、海洋产业集群、现代海洋产业、海洋资源开发利用的可持续、人海关系的脆弱性、滨海旅游等的研究外,在新的国际和国内形势下,海洋经济相关理论、战略性新兴海洋产业研究、海洋经济可持续发展研究、及“一路一带”战略对海洋经济相关研究的新要求也是需要重点关注的方面。 相似文献
11.
浙江陆路交通对区域旅游空间结构及发展的影响研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3
基于加权平均出行时间、“板块旅游”空间结构理论、空间计量模型等方法,探讨1996~2016年浙江陆路交通对区域旅游空间结构及发展影响。研究表明：① 交通路网建设带来城市可达性提升,其地理过程、格局呈现围绕“四大都市区”轴带放射状“Π型”演变特征。② 交通网络效应下,新增景区密集分布于邻近中心城市主要对外交通要道两侧,耦合于可达性时空演变,且“板块”旅游地域结构特征显著。③ 空间计量结果发现,交通区位、经济基础、资源禀赋等因素不同程度影响地域旅游经济发展。 相似文献
12.
除了工业发展的动力之外,旅游作为一种市场动力,已被证明可以有效引导乡村城市化的实现。因此,在旅游发展的引导下,乡村城市化背后的驱动力以及各动力主体之间的作用关系亟待新的探索和突破。文章引入“国家―市场―社会”作为分析城市化驱动力的三元框架,以云台山景区内的乡村为例,通过观察、访谈等定性研究方法,认为在旅游发展所引导乡村城市化的背后,国家、市场、社会这三元动力在动力主体、作用发挥、角色扮演上和原本框架中各个动力的所指相比都已经发生了转变,主要体现在市场动力从市场供给一方转变为市场需求一方,社会动力从村民组织转变为村民个体。通过案例的实证分析,总结出了地方政府、需求市场、村民个体作为旅游发展引导下乡村城市化的三元驱动力,“地方政府―需求市场―村民个体”的分析框架也是对“国家―市场―社会”分析框架针对具体研究问题的有效修正和补充。 相似文献
13.
Jennifer Mack 《Singapore journal of tropical geography》2004,25(2):156-179
Batam Island, Indonesia, located a short ferry ride away from Singapore, is a place where tourism and industry have been developed simultaneously and a border area where “developed” and “developing” nations meet. Government officials, investing international corporations and the “factory women” who work in the island's industrial estates arrive in Batam ‐ native to none of them ‐ with their own preconceptions and goals. When challenges not foreseen through master planning arise, the authorities cling ever more tightly to their physical and structural development model: the nearby city‐state of Singapore. Conversely, the factory workers who travel intranationally to work in this export processing zone (EPZ) find their objectives contested in the face of the Master Plan, corporate agendas and ethnic fusions characterising this transnational capitalist space. Entering into the homes of three groups of women migrants living and working in Batam, the relationship between the private realm that they inhabit and the social contexts in which they participate publicly is investigated. Some of the choices that women make at and about home are identified, and their ability to “micro‐resist” these external structures is explored. At home, the dynamic relationship between the Batam development project and the women's own hopes and visions of the place ‐ sometimes parallel and sometimes incongruous ‐ are revealed. As they experience life on Batam, their “social imaginaries” of it are shaped into various new realities, and their homes, removed from the confines of the factory floor, thus become spaces of release from these tensions. 相似文献
14.
基于2008、2018年A级景点数据,采用GIS空间分析方法,从景点时空分布集中性、移动性、可达性三方面对甘肃省旅游空间结构变化进行探究,并以“点—轴”理论为基础提出优化建议。结果表明:(1)甘肃省A级景点空间结构类型为聚集-随机型,景点分布高密度区主要集中在酒—嘉、兰州、天水等地,在旅游板块上呈现出“点强、面弱”的特点。(2)景点可达性时间成本变化明显,1 h等时圈增率为134%,2 h等时圈增率为41%,交通情况改善明显,路网“线分散”的特点趋于弱化。(3)以“点—轴”理论为基础,因地制宜,联系实际,提出三大旅游板块各自的增长级和发展轴线,以期推进甘肃省由“景点旅游”向“全域旅游”发展转变。 相似文献
15.
布里顿（Stephen G. Britton）最早运用马克思主义政治经济学,将旅游置于资本主义全球化的社会生产和消费体系中进行批判,回答了旅游到底是什么的问题,为深刻认识旅游发展现象与本质提供了重要的研究路径。作为批判性旅游地理研究的先驱人物,他指出旅游是一种重要的资本积累方式,从中可以看到旅游发展如何创造了空间和地方的物质性和社会意义,以及它们的表征如何被纳入到资本积累进程之中。结合布里顿的代表作,本文试图从个体、区域和全球三个层面来理解此核心观点,这体现在旅游的商品属性、产业属性和资本流动的媒介属性。然后梳理后续学者对布里顿思想观点的话题应用并指出对其理论体系的拓展之处,包括旅游的劳工地理、旅游地的空间生产与地方转型、乡村旅游与政治生态3个方面,这明晰了批判性旅游地理研究的主题,回答了布里顿当时的展望性论断——从批判性角度来看,旅游亦是地理学者值得研究的领域,也指引了旅游地理应该由传统的强调空间分析、面向应用而缺乏理论体系的实证主义范式,迈向强调政治经济和权力分析、更加符合旅游地理研究理论化的路径方向。最后辩证指出布里顿思想观点的不足和弥补之处,阐述对中国旅游地理研究的启示,并尝试讨论如何超越旅游的资本维度。 相似文献
16.
Our paper reconciles dark tourism with phantasmal destination tourism in order to promote the potential for successfully marketing roadways numbered “666” as an economic development strategy appropriate to distressed localities in the USA. We focus our attention on the David Zeisberger Highway in rural Pennsylvania as a case study. We propose a routes 666 phantasmal tourism promotion that socially constructs a “magical reality” with niche tourism potential by tapping into what we identify as the already latent power of “The Beast” widespread in the public imagination as inspired by the Book of Revelation 13:18 (“Here is wisdom. Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast: for it is the number of a man; and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.”). We combine the premises and conceptualizations set forth in dark tourism, phantasmal destination, applied tourism and rural geography, and rural tourism research with scientific insights provided by “the fallacy of selective thinking” to argue that 666 roadways can offer a marketable “looking for the Beast” experience. Our case study of Pennsylvania Route 666 envisions the potential of this roadway as a prototype “Route 666 looking for The Beast experience”. We find a synergy and new economic potential in the combination of dark tourism and phantasmal destination tourism concepts that inspire explorations of new frontiers in tourism for economic development. Our study is innovative in its conception and proposes a rational and specific plan for rural economic development involving niche tourism promotion. 相似文献
17.
Implementing the Slow Life in Southwest Ireland: A Case Study of Clonakilty and Local Food 
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下载免费PDF全文 Michael Broadway 《Geographical review》2015,105(2):216-234
Cittaslow is an Italian‐based global network of towns and cities that grew out of the Slow Food movement. Cittaslow and Slow Food reject the standardization of culture and taste that has accompanied globalization. Instead, they focus on strategies that foster a sense of place that is derived from a town's unique environmental and cultural setting: its terroir. Clonakilty, a small town located thirty miles southwest of Cork, is Ireland's first and only “slow city.” This paper examines how a sense of place is conveyed in the town's restaurants through the selection of menu items and locally produced food. The results indicate that independently owned restaurants are more likely to embrace Cittaslow's efforts at conveying a sense of place than restaurants in hotels and pubs. Nearly all of the town's restaurants serving Irish food use locally available food suppliers. 相似文献
18.
云南省旅游资源与生态安全协调发展的时空演化特征及障碍因子分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
自然、经济和社会构成的复合生态系统为旅游资源的赋存和开发提供条件,而丰富的旅游资源不仅能够促进旅游业发展,也为推动社会经济发展和自然环境保护提供了重要力量。运用线性加权法、耦合协调度模型和趋势分析等方法探究了云南省16个州市旅游资源与生态安全耦合协调发展现状及其障碍因子,研究发现：① 尽管云南87.50%的州市旅游资源与生态安全处于中度耦合协调发展阶段,两系统具有明显的耦合互动关系,但整体耦合协调发展趋于稳定,且呈现以昆明市为核心的“核心?边缘”结构,耦合协调发展水平仍需增强,空间分布格局有待完善。② 从局部演化特征来看,除滇中和滇东南旅游区,其余四大旅游区耦合协调度空间差异逐渐缩小,旅游业发展具有一定的“扩散效应”。③ 50%的州市旅游资源障碍度具有“组合度>品位度>类型>丰度”的特征,而生态安全障碍度层面,旅游发展和生态环境质量不高,旅游业和社会经济发展驱动力不足,生态安全响应机制不健全是影响两者耦合协调发展的主要因素。 相似文献
19.
浙江省特色小镇的空间结构特征及影响因素研究 总被引：10，自引：6，他引：4
选取浙江省189个特色小镇为研究样本,运用最邻近点指数、地理集中指数、地理联系率、核密度指数等方法研究特色小镇的分布规律及影响因素。结果表明：① 浙江省特色小镇类型丰富,可以划分为信息经济、环保、健康、旅游、时尚、金融、高端装备制造以及历史经典8个类型;② 浙江省特色小镇整体空间分布趋于集聚,空间结构属于凝聚型;③ 八大类型中信息经济和金融类特色小镇集聚程度高,高端设备制造和旅游类特色小镇数量多、布局分散;④ 经济基础、人口密度、产业集群创新和城镇化水平是影响特色小镇分布的主要因素。 相似文献
20.
民族旅游地区家空间的主客角色冲突研究——以丽江白沙村为例 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
以社会角色与角色冲突的相关理论为指导,以云南丽江白沙村当地纳西族居民家的微观空间为研究对象,对当地居民与游客在互动过程中的角色冲突质性进行了研究。研究发现,当地少数民族居民与汉族游客在家空间的互动过程中,双方各自存在角色内冲突的现象,同时彼此之间也存在两种角色间冲突现象。互动双方在处理这些角色冲突的过程中,既反映出当地居民对经济利益的诉求,也反映出当地居民与游客在家空间中的地位与权力关系。 相似文献