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桩西滩海地区实施全井小循环泥浆不落地工艺,上部地层快速钻进固相控制难度大,东营组泥岩和沙河街油泥岩掉块坍塌严重,中生界水平段钻进润滑防塌要求高,分别采取了针对性的措施。现场试验表明,中上部地层采用氯化钙强抑制钻井液体系,抑制了粘土造浆和钻屑分散,满足了快速钻进阶段小循环泥浆不落地的工程要求;中下部地层采用了低活度强抑制钻井液体系,钻井液活度控制在0.96以下,高温高压滤失量＜12 mL,保证了泥岩地层的井壁稳定;三开水平段应用了油基钻井液回收循环利用工艺,性能优化后的钻井液乳化稳定性好,破乳电压＞460 V,解决了水平井钻进中生界地层摩阻扭矩大、易坍塌等问题。 相似文献
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针对武汉地区不同地层、不同工艺产生的建筑工程废弃泥浆,通过光谱仪分析了其主要化学成分,并通过过滤、真空抽滤、离心以及不同絮凝剂的正交试验,以上清液浊度和清液率为主要指标对废弃泥浆泥水分离效果进行评价。试验发现：废弃泥浆固相颗粒以有机质为主;采用过滤方式取得的清液浊度较低,但清液率较少;采用真空抽滤方式处理废弃泥浆可以获得较多的上清液;采用离心方式能处理除含特细颗粒外的多数废弃泥浆;正交试验表明阳离子絮凝剂（PAM）处理废弃泥浆效果较好。 相似文献
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摘 要 为了确定 NaCl 泥浆的动态滤失性能和与储层的相容性进行了一系列动态岩心流动
试验试验岩心为 Bentheimer 砂岩。泥浆固相颗粒和滤液引起的储层伤害程度是借助于岩心
各段伤害率 （ SDR 值） 进行评价的。试验在德国 Clausthal 工业大学深钻所研制的动态井底模
拟循环试验装置上进行。试验研究选用了两种泥浆配方。动态循环试验中还测量了滤液总量
以及污染前后岩心的渗透率。试验研究结果表明所研制的 NaCl 泥浆和模拟储层的相容性很
好。试验研究还探讨了高温和油水两相条件下泥浆对储层的伤害程度以及对滤液总量的影响。 相似文献
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针对保德区块中低阶煤储层压裂过程中容易出现砂堵影响储层改造效果的问题,根据研究区块的地质条件,结合水力压裂时裂缝在煤层中的扩展规律,分析了保德区块煤层水力压裂出现砂堵的4类主要原因,分别为煤储层裂隙相对发育造成压裂液滤失量增加、压裂沟通高渗透性的顶底板、煤储层本身有效厚度大滤失量增大及多层合压造缝不充分。在此基础上,提出了相应的技术对策,使用清洁压裂液、适当提高并稳定施工排量及优化压裂施工设计,为现场的水力压裂施工和提高煤储层改造效果提供重要指导。 相似文献
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土工布滤水管性能试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文通过室内试验,对土工布滤水管的滤水拦砂功能、防淤堵性能等进行了模拟研究。结果表明,土工布滤水管不仅具有良好的滤水拦沙功能,而且具有较强的防淤堵能力,试验指标均达到有关规范标准。 相似文献
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D. Tao B. K. Parekh J. T. Liu S. Chen 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2003,70(1-4):235-249
Ultrafine coal dewatering is of great importance to the coal industry due to its impacts on the handling and utilization characteristics of coal products. Commercially available filtration techniques are either ineffective or costly for dewatering of ultrafine coal to the desired moisture level of about 20%. Considerable efforts have been devoted to understanding the dewatering process and developing new technologies for applications in the coal industry. Most of the previous work on ultrafine coal filtration was focused on the final filter cake moisture and few studies have been conducted to investigate the filtration kinetics. The present investigation was undertaken to better understand the kinetics of vacuum filtration of ultrafine coal under various conditions. The filtrate weight was continuously monitored using a precise load cell during the entire filtration process. Operating parameters such as vacuum pressure and reagent conditioning time were examined for their impacts on filtration kinetics. Use of cationic and anionic flocculants showed significant improvement in filtration kinetics. Kinetic data obtained from the study were used to determine the fundamental parameters of filtration such as cake permeability, specific cake resistance, and filter medium resistance using the integrated form of the Darcy's law. 相似文献
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The problem of predicting dependence of constant pressure batch dewatering of particulate suspensions on feed solids concentration is considered. Scaling transformations which demonstrate that evolution in the cake consolidation stage of dewatering is governed by an underlying self-similar behavior are proposed. The self-similar master curve, which can be obtained using only one set of experimental dewatering data obtained with a feed suspension having solids concentration above the gel point, is employed for estimating dependence of key dewatering process parameters on feed solids concentration. Using the parameter estimates in a Darcy's law based dewatering model, it is shown that the complete evolution of dewatering for a desired feed solids concentration can be predicted with reasonable accuracy. The approach is simpler to implement in comparison to available pressure filtration models, which require several suspension characterization experiments. 相似文献
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地下连续墙、水平定向钻、盾构和顶管等领域的基础工程浆液具有用量大、污染物较为单一的特点。随着国家各项环保法规的实施,基础工程浆液的综合处理尤为重要。提出一种基础工程浆液资源化综合利用技术,即循环浆液采用“除砂+净化浆液与钻渣综合利用”技术,废弃浆液采用“除钙+降低pH+絮凝分离+压滤处理+废液与泥饼的综合利用”技术。以武汉市某地下连续墙工程现场浆液为研究对象,研究循环浆液和废弃浆液的资源化综合利用效果。结果表明:(1) 循环浆液经过除砂后得到净化浆液和钻渣,前者可重新用于工程施工中,后者可用于培育披碱草、黑麦草等草籽,发芽率为100%。(2) 加入5%的碳酸氢钠可将废弃浆液Ca2+质量浓度从703.5 mg/L降低至173.6 mg/L,加入质量分数为3.3%的氯化铵可将pH值从13降低至9,加入300 mg/L的絮凝剂A-2可得到明显的絮凝物。絮凝物经过压滤后得到废液和泥饼,在废液中加入质量分数为2%的碳酸氢钠后可用于重新配制工程浆液,泥饼与30%~60%的营养土混合后可进行草籽培育,发芽率为72%。(3) 过量的盐离子和高pH会对植物生长产生毒害作用,应先对废弃浆液进行除钙和降低pH等处理,之后压滤得到的泥饼才能满足植物生长要求。该技术可实现基础工程浆液中所有钻渣(或泥饼)和净化后的浆液(或废液)的资源化综合利用,对类似工程浆液的资源化利用有较好的启示意义,具有显著的经济、环境和社会效益。 相似文献
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R.J. Wakeman 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》1979,5(4):395-405
The dynamic dewatering model is extended to systems where the total pressure loss across the cake is constant (that is dewatering is effected by a pump which is able to maintain the vacuum). Using the model, prediction of dewatering characteristics is facilitated when a representative value is assigned to the pore size distribution index. The effects of altering process variables on the decreasing cake saturation and increasing air flow rate are quantified and discussed. The methods presented may be a useful tool for assessing changes in process variables or in the initial sizing of filters. 相似文献
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预应力管道压浆浆液外加剂种类及配合比的选取是管道压浆工艺的重要部分。为研究减水剂和矿物掺和料对管道压浆浆液的影响及作用机理,进而研制一种流动性、保水性及力学性能优异的管道压浆浆液,本研究采用单组分掺和试验的方法,对掺有减水剂与矿物掺合料两种不同压浆浆料进行流动性、压力泌水率、沉积密度比、抗压及抗折性能试验研究,并得到不同掺量外加剂对压浆浆液和易性与力学性能的影响和作用机理,以及合适的外加剂掺量配比。研究表明：聚羧酸减水剂30 min与60 min流动度最佳,且压力泌水率表现也较为良好,综合考虑聚羧酸减水剂为压浆浆液的优良减水剂;聚羧酸减水剂掺量在0.4%～0.5%时,浆液的流动性与保水性表现良好,随掺量的继续增加,流动性提升较小;微珠由于其物理性质以及化学性质,对提高压浆浆液和易性与力学性能的效果较为明显;微珠掺量在10%～15%时,压浆浆液的和易性达到临界状态。 相似文献
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泥浆是一种用途广泛的工程浆液，在工程施工过程中会渗流进入地层，给工程带来一定的影响。为深入研究泥浆的渗流机理，把地层模拟为多孔介质，泥浆模拟为能更全面地反映其流变性能的赫巴流体，基于分形理论，建立赫巴流体在多孔介质中的渗流模型。基于渗流模型计算结果，详细分析压力梯度、流性指数、稠度系数及孔隙率等参数对多孔介质中赫巴流体瞬时平均流速的影响，指出流速变化与压力梯度、流性指数及稠度系数的变化均呈幂指数关系，与孔隙率变化呈二项式关系，且流性指数是一个影响赫巴流体渗流速度的极敏感因素。渗流模型计算结果为相关工程中泥浆方案的设计与施工奠定了一定的理论基础。 相似文献
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开敞式TBM工法施工时,钻遇突涌水灾害后易造成严重的工程事故,堵漏浆液注浆止水处理措施是常用的技术手段。本文在分析了工程中常用浆液存在不足的基础上,结合室内试验,研制适用于开敞式TBM工法的堵漏浆液配方,并通过正交试验确定了优化配方为水灰比为0.59、酒石酸为0.25%、水解聚丙烯酰胺溶液为3%、铝酸钠为1.6%。在可控性（可泵期等）满足要求的基础上,对优化配方进行了包括析水性、抗压强度等各项性能的测试及室内模拟试验,经正交试验后测得配方浆液形成的结石体具有良好的抗压强度和抗渗能力,能够满足工程现场的需要。实际工程的涌水点注入研制的可控浆液后,短时间内达到停泵条件,相比传统浆液,可大幅减少堵漏浆液用量。结果表明,该可控配方浆液对吉林省内某隧道工程施工中钻遇的涌水灾害具有良好的治理效果,能够满足实际工程的需要。 相似文献
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S.W. Ihle B.B. Johnson T.A. Raven G.J. Sparrow 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》1983,11(4):239-253
Previous laboratory work indicated that the dewatering of suspensions of kaolin and fine quartz on a sand bed could be described by a simple two-term equation with one term for the drainage component and one for the evaporation component.Field tests have been carried out at three sand-washing operations in Victoria to determine if the equation is applicable in practice.The thickened suspensions were dewatered to a solid when they were ponded in shallow depths onto a sand bed. The changes in solids content during the dewatering confirmed that the dewatering equation could be used in practice.The dewatering equation is potentially very useful since it can be used to calculate optimum ponding depths, and therefore the area required to dewater a given production of tailing. 相似文献
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Optical spectrum based measurement of flotation slurry contents 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
Olli Haavisto Jani Kaartinen Heikki Hytyniemi 《International Journal of Mineral Processing》2008,88(3-4):80-88
Monitoring and control of a flotation circuit is mainly based on the information gained by assaying the process slurry lines. In flotation plants, usually an X-ray fluorescence analyzer is used to obtain the on-line assays. This article introduces the visual and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopic analysis of the process slurries as a supplementary method which complements the on-line assay information available from an X-ray fluorescence analyzer. It is shown that the spectral information can be used to accurately predict the element contents in the slurry in between successive XRF analyses. Since the spectral measurements can be taken with high frequency as opposed to the sparse X-ray fluorescence analysis, a practically continuous on-line estimate of the slurry contents is reached. These estimates can be used in the plant control to improve the overall performance of the circuits and to yield also economical savings. Additionally, the frequent monitoring of the grades can provide means to eliminate rapid disturbances in the circuits, thus improving the stability of the process. 相似文献
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深层渗滤效应普遍存在于多孔介质的渗透注浆过程中,并起着非常重要的作用。基于质量守恒方程、线性滤过定律、渗流连续性方程及Darcy定律,建立了水泥浆三维锋面的理论模型;通过现场试验,研究了水泥浆三维锋面扩散运移及沉积层渗透系数的变化规律,并将试验值与模型理论值进行了对比分析。结果表明,沉积层渗透系数随水泥浆锋面的扩散运移动态变化;当注浆压力恒定时,水灰比越小,深层渗滤效应越显著,浆液扩散距离相应越短;相同扩散距离时,受重力效应的影响,注浆点源之上的沉积层渗透系数大于注浆点源之下的沉积层渗透系数;浆液扩散距离及固定位置处的沉积层渗透系数均与水灰比呈正相关。研究成果可指导工程设计,具有一定的实际应用价值。 相似文献