共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
本文从无半影的黑子成长为带半影的黑子伴随着磁场强度增强和延伸运动这个观测事实出发，通过MHD数值模拟，证明了：（1）对流层内黑子中涡旋流动的自然形成；（2）仅在黑子表面附近磁矢才急速向外移动，最终形成我们观测到的半影磁场位形；（3）光球之上由于β迅速减少，这么小的延伸速度（0.2公里／秒）仅在β～1的光球区200公里厚的层里使磁矢有效地旋转，在约几小时至一天量级时间内将近似垂直的本影磁场向水平方向旋转，形成Osherovich所期的ReturnFlux磁位形，将注入日冕空间的本影主磁流同在色球和光球内就返回的半影磁流自然地划分开来． 相似文献
2.
根据Marshall空间飞行中心(MSFC)太阳天文台的矢量磁场测量和云南天文台的黑子细节照相资料,作者们详细研究了1986年2月初太阳大活动区(AR4711)的形态和演化。主要结论如下: i)几乎在活动区中每处地方,相距五小时观测到横向磁场排列方向和黑子半影纤维形态之间存在良好的相似性。 ii)利用文[4]的方法,推断了本活动区强的垂直电流源和强的水平电流渠道。 iii)与1972年8月初著名的太阳活动区(McMath 11976)相类似,沿老活动区的中性线的新浮磁通管的两足点(偶极黑子)的分离运动导致了一个密集四极磁结构的形成。 iv)新浮磁通管似乎是本活动区最强的电流系统。 上述结论将为进一步研究本区电流/磁场环系的演化及其与耀斑活动的关系提供一个基础数据。 相似文献
3.
周道祺 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1991,(3)
在黑子半影电流的磁场中存在扰动不稳定模式,本文认为黑子半影纤维是由这种不稳定扰动发展而形成的,利用短波近似,分别在黑子半径方向及围绕黑子方向上求解非绝热慢波色散方程。由不稳定条件可得到(1)纤维的长度与宽度的数值;(2)纤维模式在长度方向上是静止的,在宽度方向上几乎是不动的;(3)半影纤维是黑子在重力场中的磁流特征之一;(4)半影纤维的出现,表示着黑子扭转磁场的存在。 相似文献
4.
1984年2月25日,日面爆发了一个高能大耀斑。我们取得了该耀斑过程的光球黑子活动区强磁场以及黑子、H_α色球等光学资料。分析表明:1.这种高能大耀斑是产生在有黑子剪切运动、新浮磁流和磁场梯度大的磁中性线(H_n=0)两侧;2.耀斑发展到极大前后,不但会掩盖部分后随黑子半影,而且还会进一步掩盖这些后随黑子本影;3.在高能大耀斑爆发过程中,相应的光球黑子活动区的强磁场会出现变化,磁通量增长率为1.0×10~8韦伯/秒,磁场梯度最大为0.2高斯/公里;4.黑子间的相对运动速度最大可达0.3公里/秒。 相似文献
5.
1986年2月4日太阳耀斑的演化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文根据乌鲁木齐天文站的H_α耀斑及3.2cm射电流量观侧资料、云南天文台的黑子精细结构照相和Marshall Space Flight Center的向量磁场图,对1986年2月4日的六个耀斑的形态相关及演化联系,特别是0736UT 4B/3X大耀斑的发展过程进行了综合分析。主要结果是: 1.4日大耀斑的初始亮点和闪光相的主要形态演化,与活动区中沿中性线新浮现的强大电流/磁环系密切相关。后者的主要标志是沿中性线的长的剪切半影纤维及它两端的偶极旋涡黑子群(1_3F_3)。 2.上述大耀斑与1972年8月4日0624 UT大耀斑爆发的磁场背景及主要形态特征相似,表明两者的储能和触发机制可能相同。 3.大耀斑爆发的H_α初始亮点,双带出现,环系形成,亮物质抛射和吸收冕珥等现象同3.2cm射电流量的变化在时间上有较好的对应关系。 4.重复性的前期小耀斑爆发位置和发展趋势与大耀斑的主要形态及演化特征相似。它们相对于剪切的纵场中性线两侧的位置相近或相同。因而,可以看作上述强大电流/磁环系不稳性发展过程中的前置小爆发。 相似文献
6.
本文对８个活动区极性反转线（中性线）附近黑子半影纤维的形态进行了分析得出：１）具有强δ磁结构的活动区，穿过主要异极性黑子间的中性线近旁半影纤维或多或少地与中性线平行（交角小于３０°），有关黑子半影呈旋涡形态；２）由新浮现发展形成的δ结构区，异级黑子在大黑子边缘或与大．黑子本影之间有一段距离，中性线两边的半影纤维有序排列，走向与中性线斜交，有关黑子呈弱的旋涡形态。３）对于较稳定的极群，Ｎ、Ｓ极性间的宽窄不一的半影稀疏区，中性线沿该区经过，两旁半影松散齿状，走向与中性线大体垂直，相反极性本影间距较远。 相似文献
7.
本文对1988年12月中旬Boulder AR5278(云台编号88374)活动区的形态、特点及黑子间的相互作用作了描述和初步分析。结果表明:在本活动区过日面期间,前导黑子半影纤维呈现较为明显的剪切排列,磁场的相互作用以及黑子沿中性线分离、旋转运动;主要黑子部位,磁轴近于垂直赤道;在群体内,新磁流浮现并与靠近的另一黑子群异极黑子靠扰,联接构成一体。这些特征与本活动区产生的高能事件有密切关系。 相似文献
8.
基于多波段的观测数据, 研究了黑子本影振荡在太阳大气不同高度或温度的振荡特征. 目标黑子发生在2017年9月15日, 位于活动区12680. 多波段的观测数据包括AIA (Atmospheric Imaging Assembly)的极紫外成像及IRIS (Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph)的紫外光谱和成像. 在太阳黑子的本影位置, AIA 1700 Å 光变曲线的振荡周期约为(4.2士0.8) min,而AIA 1600 Å、171 Å和193 Å光变曲线的振荡周期约为(2.8士0.3)min. IRIS的Mg II h和k谱线及远紫外成像(2796 Å)都表现为(3.1士0.5) min的准周期振荡,而谱线Si IV 1393.76 Å的振荡周期约为(2.9+0.4)min.观测结果说明黑子本影的振荡周期随着太阳大气高度的升高而逐渐减小.较短的周期可认为是3 min振荡,很可能与黑子本影上方的慢磁声波有关,它起源于温度极小区并向上传播到日冕.较长的周期可解释为光球的5 min振荡,与太阳的P模振荡有关. 相似文献
9.
本文收集了云南天文台和北京天文台观测的1972年10月太阳活动区(McMath 12094)的68个耀斑192个节点的照相资料和一些黑子日珥形态,对它们进行了相关分折,得到如下主要结果:1.本区最初的耀斑活动开始于全群诸黑子中具有扭结磁场最高能态的前导黑子A(N)的上空,它迅速发展到后随S极黑子上空,然后发展到黑子面积以外.这一演变过程与全群黑子的形态变化和旋转运动同步.2.A黑子附近的耀斑活动最初开始于扭结磁力管的内部,与扭结磁形态的松解过程同步,耀斑节点的分布由黑子本影附近移向半影的外面.当扭结完全松开,该处耀斑活动全面减少.3.发现了一个巨大的黑子冕珥下面的强烈的吸引中心是旋涡黑子,从而证实了冕珥是强大电流在日冕中收缩形成的.4.对于A黑子的扭转磁结构提供了本区耀斑活动的主要能量来源和导致不稳定性的问题进行了讨论. 相似文献
10.
周树荣 《中国天文和天体物理学报》1996,(3)
本文研究结果表明：同一黑子群在日面期间的顺或反时针方向的旋转运动会先后并存．质子耀斑前1～2无，黑子群的旋转角速度达到极大．耀斑后，磁绳的松弛，黑子群可能会反向旋转，强的剪切过程和质子耀斑可能会再度出现．强质子耀斑活动区的共同特征是：（1）形态为单个团状结构δ型黑子，即众多异极性本影核紧锁在同一黑子半影中；（2）黑子面积＞1000×10－6半球面积，日面跨度＞10°；（3）黑子群都有快速的旋转运动．这类活动区，如果在日面西部活动性明显地增强，那么这个活动区在未来转到日面边缘及其背后、或再次从日面东边缘转出时，定能再次爆发耀斑和伴随较强质子事件。 相似文献
11.
By using the monochromatic images and magnetograms obtained with the satellite Hinode, 35 pairs of bipolar moving magnetic features (MMFs) in sunspot penumbrae are studied in the following three aspects: the morphological characteristics, velocities of motion and responses in low atmospheric layers. Then the following conclusions are drawn. (1) The bipolar MMFs appear in pairs of positive and negative polarities, are located in the midst of the approximately vertical magnetic fields in spot penumbrae, and move toward the outer boundaries of penumbrae. This indirectly justifies that the bipolar MMFs originate in the horizontal magnetic fields of penumbrae. In the time intervals of 2-8 hours and at the same positions, there appear the bipolar MMFs with similar morphologial characteristics and velocities of motion. This povides an evidence which supports the model of magnetic lines in the shape of sea serpent. (2) In the process of motion of bipolar MMFs there may appear brightenings in the photospere and chromosphere, and this implies that the middle and low layers of solar atmosphere are heated by the bipolar MMFs. (3) The sites of occurrence of bipolar MMFs and the distribution of penumbral magnetic field agree with the structural characteristics of uncombed sunspot penumbrae. 相似文献
12.
B. Ravindra 《Solar physics》2006,237(2):297-319
A time sequence of high-resolution SOHO/MDI magnetograms, Dopplergrams, and continuum images is used to study the moving magnetic
features (MMFs) in and out of penumbral filaments. Precursors of MMFs have been observed inside the penumbral filaments. One
hundred and fifteen out of 127 well-observed individual MMFs in the moat of two sunspots have been identified to have precursors
at an average distance of 4″ inside the penumbral filaments. The velocity of these precursors is small inside the penumbral
filaments and becomes large once the MMFs cross the outer penumbra. The paths followed by the MMFs exhibit large fluctuations
in their magnetic field strength values, with an additional hike in the fluctuations near the outer penumbra. It is also observed
that the path followed by the MMFs appear as a cluster of fibrils which could be traced back inside the penumbra. The appearance
of MMFs and their azimuthal velocity is position and time dependent.
Electronic Supplementary Material Electronic Supplementary Material is available for this article at 相似文献
13.
In a highly dynamic environment with sources and sinks of energy, flux tubes do not in general obey local conservation laws,
nor do the ensembles of flux tubes that exhibit collective phenomena. We use the approach of energetically open dissipative
systems to study nonlinear waves in flux tubes and their role in the dynamics of the overlying atmosphere. We present results
of theoretical and observational studies of the properties of moving magnetic features (MMFs) around sunspots and the response
of the overlying atmosphere to various types of MMFs. We show that all types of MMFs, often having conflicting properties,
can be described on a unified basis by employing the model of shocks and solitons propagating along the penumbral filaments
co-aligned with Evershed flows. The model is also consistent with the response of the upper atmosphere to individual MMFs,
which depends on their type. For example, soliton-type bipolar MMFs mainly participate in the formation of a moat and do not
carry much energy into the upper atmosphere, whereas shock-like MMFs, with the appearance of single-polarity features, are
often associated with chromospheric jets and microflares. 相似文献
14.
On 13 May 2000 parts of a penumbra were observed in an active region NOAA 8990 with the La Palma Stokes Polarimeter attached
to the Swedish Vacuum Solar Telescope. The stratification over the solar atmosphere of different physical parameters is retrieved
from these data by using the Stokes inversion based on response functions. The results confirm the previous findings of the
penumbral structure. In general, the magnetic field becomes weaker and more horizontal with increasing distance from the umbra
and the line-of-sight velocities are increasing towards the outer boundary of the penumbra. The results also suggest the existence
of the unresolved fine structure of the penumbra. The stratifications of the temperature and of the magnetic field strength
indicate the presence of rising flux tubes, which were predicted theoretically by Schlichenmaier, Jahn and Schmidt (1998,
Astron. Astrophys.
337, 897). 相似文献
15.
R.E. Louis H. Balthasar C. Kuckein P. Gmry K.G. Puschmann C. Denker 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2014,335(2):161-167
Spectropolarimetric observations of a sunspot were carried out with the Tenerife Infrared Polarimeter at Observatorio del Teide, Tenerife, Spain. Maps of the physical parameters were obtained from an inversion of the Stokes profiles observed in the infrared Fe I line at 15648 Å The regular sunspot consisted of a light bridge which separated the two umbral cores of the same polarity. One of the arms of the light bridge formed an extension of a penumbral filament which comprised weak and highly inclined magnetic fields. In addition, the Stokes V profiles in this filament had an opposite sign as the sunspot and some resembled Stokes Q or U. This penumbral filament terminated abruptly into another at the edge of the sunspot, where the latter was relatively vertical by about 30°. Chromospheric Hα and He II 304 Å filtergrams revealed three superpenumbral fibrils on the limb‐side of the sunspot, in which one fibril extended into the sunspot and was oriented along the highly inclined penumbral counterpart of the light bridge. An intense, elongated brightening was observed along this fibril that was co‐spatial with the intersecting penumbral filaments in the photosphere. Our results suggest that the disruption in the sunspot magnetic field at the location of the light bridge could be the source of reconnection that led to the intense chromospheric brightening and facilitated the supply of cool material in maintaining the overlying superpenumbral fibrils. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
16.
The peculiarities of magnetosensitive lines in the penumbral spectrum and the abnormal distribution of circular polarization in them are explained satisfactorily in terms of superposition of radiation originating in different elements of penumbral fine structure. Complicated asymmetric rv
– contours can be represented as a sum of two components related to bright (BR) and dark (DR) penumbral regions. Crossover effect in sunspot penumbra appears, when there is considerable relative radial mass velocity in BR and DR, having the magnetic field of different polarities in them. Such conditions are supposed to exist in the penumbra of some sunspots, situated close to the solar limb. 相似文献
17.
Type-I bursts (i.e. noise storms) are the earliest-known type of solar radio emission at the meter wavelength. They are believed to be excited by non-thermal energetic electrons accelerated in the corona. The underlying dynamic process and exact emission mechanism still remain unresolved. Here, with a combined analysis of extreme ultraviolet (EUV), radio and photospheric magnetic field data of unprecedented quality recorded during a type-I storm on 30 July 2011, we identify a good correlation between the radio bursts and the co-spatial EUV and magnetic activities. The EUV activities manifest themselves as three major brightening stripes above a region adjacent to a compact sunspot, while the magnetic field there presents multiple moving magnetic features (MMFs) with persistent coalescence or cancelation and a morphologically similar three-part distribution. We find that the type-I intensities are correlated with those of the EUV emissions at various wavelengths with a correlation coefficient of 0.7?–?0.8. In addition, in the region between the brightening EUV stripes and the radio sources there appear consistent dynamic motions with a series of bi-directional flows, suggesting ongoing small-scale reconnection there. Mainly based on the induced connection between the magnetic motion at the photosphere and the EUV and radio activities in the corona, we suggest that the observed type-I noise storms and the EUV brightening activities are the consequence of small-scale magnetic reconnection driven by MMFs. This is in support of the original proposal made by Bentley et al. (Solar Phys. 193, 227, 2000). 相似文献
18.
R. Schlichenmaier N. Bello Gonzlez R. Rezaei T.A. Waldmann 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2010,331(6):563-566
The generation of magnetic flux in the solar interior and its transport from the convection zone into the photosphere, the chromosphere, and the corona will be in the focus of solar physics research for the next decades. With 4 m class telescopes, one plans to measure essential processes of radiative magneto‐hydrodynamics that are needed to understand the nature of solar magnetic fields. One key‐ingredient to understand the behavior of solar magnetic field is the process of flux emergence into the solar photosphere, and how the magnetic flux reorganizes to form the magnetic phenomena of active regions like sunspots and pores. Here, we present a spectropolarimetric and imaging data set from a region of emerging magnetic flux, in which a proto‐spot without penumbra forms a penumbra. During the formation of the penumbra the area and the magnetic flux of the spot increases. First results of our data analysis demonstrate that the additional magnetic flux, which contributes to the increasing area of the penumbra, is supplied by the region of emerging magnetic flux. We observe emerging bipoles that are aligned such that the spot polarity is closer to the spot. As an emerging bipole separates, the pole of the spot polarity migrates towards the spot, and finally merges with it. We speculate that this is a fundamental process, which makes the sunspot accumulate magnetic flux. As more and more flux is accumulated a penumbra forms and transforms the proto‐spot into a full‐fledged sunspot (© 2010 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim) 相似文献
19.
《New Astronomy》2014
The plasma from solar filament eruptions sometimes falls down to the lower solar atmosphere. These interesting events can help us to understand the properties of downflows, such as the temperature and the conversion between kinetic energy and thermal energy. We analyze the case of a filament eruption in active region NOAA 11283 and brightening caused by the return of filament material on September 7 and 8, 2011, observed by the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) and the Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) aboard the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). Magnetic flux cancellation was observed as a result of the eruption after the eruptive filament started to ascend. Another filament near the eruptive filament was disturbed by an extreme ultraviolet (EUV) wave that was triggered by the eruptive filament, causing it to oscillate. Based on coronal seismology, the mean magnetic field strength in the oscillatory filament was estimated to be approximately 18 ± 2 G. Some plasma separated from the filament and fell down to the solar northwest surface after the filament eruption. The velocities of the downflows increased at accelerations lower than the gravitational acceleration. The main characteristic temperature of the downflows was about 5 × 104 K. When the plasma blobs fell down to lower atmospheric heights, the high-speed downward-travelling plasma collided with plasma at lower atmospheric heights, causing the plasma to brighten. The brightening was observed in all 8 AIA channels, demonstrating that the temperature of the plasma in the brightening covered a wide range of values, from 105 K to 107 K. This brightening indicates the conversion between kinetic energy and thermal energy. 相似文献