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1.
Ureilites share the characteristics of differentiated meteorites and of primary chondrites. GRV 024237 is a ureilite, which was found in the 19th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition （CHINARE）, at the No. 4 moraine, Grove Moun- tains, Antarctica. GRV 024237 consists mainly of coarse-grained olivine （60 vol%）, pigeonite （30 vol%） and opaque minerals （10 vol% ）. Tri-junction texture between olivine and pigeonite is common. Carbonaceous materials with minor amounts of troilite and nickel-iron metal were observed as interstitial phases. The Fa value of olivine composition varies from 6.2 to 16.8 from rim to core, but pyroxene is homogeneous in composition, with Fs 14.0 to 15.5. Both olivine and pyroxene have normal extinctions. Net-like iron or limonite veins filled in the fractures of olivine and pyroxene, and no diamond was observed. Based on petrographic and mineralogical features, GRV 024237 is a Type I and Group 2 monomict ureilite. 相似文献
2.
Defining a universal geodetic coordinate system is one of the fundamental challenges of geodesy. We present a review of the basic general coordinate systems -- the space rectangular coordinate system, the geodetic coordinate system, the topocentric coordinate system, and the plane coordinate system. We then look ： t the World Geodetic System WGS72 and WGS84 and the In- ternational Terrestrial Reference Frames ITRF2000 and 1TRF2005, which were introduced when space technology became avail- able. The history of international geodetic coordinate systems in the Antarctic region is briefly reviewed and the development of the geodetic coordinate systems in the Chinese Great Wall Station and Zhongshan Station in Antarctica is outlined. Finally, the issue of coordinate system transformation is discussed. 相似文献
3.
Progress in study of Chinese Antarctic Meteorites 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper reviews and summarizes the Chinese Antarctica meteorite search, classification and research. During the past four antarctic explorations, a total of 9834 meteorites were collected in the Grove Mountains region. Among them, 2431 meteorites were classified by the end of 2008. So far, 684 meteorites have been officially published in the Meteoritical Bulletin, Meteoritical Society, including 2 martian meteorites, 2 eucrites, 6 ureilites, 5 mesosiderites, 1 pallasite, 1 iron and 10 carbonaceous chondrites. Comprehensive studies were carried out on a number of these rare type meteorites. In addition, we propose to continue the meteorite searching project in Grove Mountains and other regions in Antarctica. We also suggest several key topics of the future researches on the Chinese Antarctic meteorites. 相似文献
4.
刘秀花 《地球科学与环境学报》2002,24(1):29-32
将模糊信息分配方法应用到水质评价中。该方法是从原始数据信息中直接构造系统模型 ,尽可能保留原始数据结构的完整性。它与模糊一、二级近似推论构成一套完整的评价方法。用该方法对西安市地面水水质进行评价 ,结果表明评价结果能较准确地反映水质的实际情况 ,具有一定的应用价值。同时提出一种新的水质分级方法 相似文献
5.
Russian researchers reach subglacial Lake Vostok in Antarctica 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
TALALAY Pavel 《极地研究(英文版)》2012,(3):176-180
Opening a new scientific frontier lying under the Antarctic ice, Russian researchers have drilled down and finally reached the surface of the gigantic freshwater lake, Lake Vostok. The mission chief likened the achievement to placing a man on the moon. Drilling in the area of the lake began 22 years ago in 1990, but progressed slowly as a result of funding shortages, equipment breakdowns, difficulties of drilling in the ＂warm＂ ice, and environmental concerns. In 1996, six years after drilling was started, a group of Russian and British scientists discovered the lake believed to be one of the largest fresh water reservoirs on the planet. This lake is among the last unexplored places on Earth. Sealed from the Earth＇s atmosphere for millions of years, it may provide vital information about microbial evolution, the past climate of the Earth, and the formation of the Antarctic ice sheet. Russian experts waited several years for international approval of their drilling technology before proceeding. As anticipated, lake water under pressure rushed up the borehole, pushing the drilling fluid up and away, then froze, forming a protective plug that prevented contamination of the lake. In December of the next Antarctic season, 2012--2013, researchers plan to re-drill the frozen sample of subglacial water for analysis. 相似文献
6.
We present validation between total ozone from satellite and ground-based observations of the Dobson and Brewer spectrometers and ozone radiosonde at Zhongshan and Syowa Antarctic research stations, for September 2004 to March 2009. Results show that mean bias error between Zhongshan （Syowa） and Ozone Monitor Instrument Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer （OMI-TOMS） data are -0.06%＋3.32% （-0.44%：i：2.41%）; between it and OMI Multi Axis Differential Optical Absorption Spec- troscopy （OMI-DOAS） data, the error is -0.34%--4.99% （-0.22%~4.85%）. Mean absolute bias error values of OMI-TOMS data are less than those of OMI-DOAS. This means that total ozone of OMI-TOMS is closer to ground-based observation than that of OMI-DOAS. Comparison between direct observational total ozone of ground-based and integrated ozone from the ozone profile measured by ozone radiosonde shows that ozone amount calculated with the Solar Backscatter Ultraviolet （SBUV） method above balloon burst height is similar to corresponding Microwave Limb Sounder （MLS） data. Therefore, MLS data can be substituted with SBUV data to estimate ozone amount above that level. Mean bias error of the MLS ozone column is 2% compared with the ozonesonde column, with standard deviation within 9.5%. Comparison of different layers from ozone profiler and MLS data indi- cates that at the 215 hPa layer, the MLS ozone value is high, with relative deviation more than 20%. At the 100 hPa and 68 l~Pa layers, the MLS ozone value is also high. This deviation is mainly in spring, during Antarctic ozone hole appearance. In this period, at the height of severe ozone loss, relative deviation of MLS ozone values is especially large. 相似文献
7.
利用长城站、中山站及周边13个IGS站2018年的观测数据,对比分析不同卫星截止高度角、对流层映射函数和全球海潮模型对GNSS坐标精度的影响。结果表明,截止高度角设为7°时,GNSS坐标解算精度最优,随着截止高度角的增大或减小,精度逐渐降低;采用VMF3模型解算的双差定位精度优于NMF、GMF和VMF1模型,VMF3模型解算的精密单点定位精度与GMF和VMF1模型相当;海潮负荷对GNSS坐标解算的影响与坐标方位有关,高程方向可达cm级,选用不同的海潮模型解算的GNSS坐标差异可忽略不计。 相似文献
8.
Biomarkers including brassicasterol, dinosterol and alkenone in sediments are used as indicators to reconstruct changes to the phytoplankton community in surface and sub-aerial sediments of Prydz Bay, Antarctica. The results indicate that the bio- marker records in surface and core sediment samples changed with time and space. The total content of phytoplankton biomarkers ranges from 391.0--1 470.6 ng.g-l. The phytoplankton biomass has increased in Prydz Bay over the past 100 years. This variation may be mainly related with climate change in the region. The total biomarker contents in surface sediments from 5 stations in Prydz Bay are in the range of 215.8--1 294.3 ng.g4. The phytoplankton biomass in Prydz Bay is higher than that outside of the bay. This is similar to the distributions of chlorophyll a, organic carbon and biogenic silica in surface waters determined through in situ investigation. Such consistency indicates a coupling between the bottom of the ocean and biogeochemical processes in the upper water. 相似文献
9.
FENG Lin LIU Lin GAO Libao YU Weidong 《极地研究(英文版)》2012,(3):163-169
During the 25th Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition, GPS radiosondes were launched to detect the atmos- pheric vertical structure over the southeast Indian Ocean frontal region. Some low-level characteristics along the cruise are studied based on in-situ observation. The observations reveal that vertical distributions of the low-level wind field and air temperature field on both sides of the Subantarctic Front are very different. A stronger （weaker） vertical gradient is on the cold （warm） side, which demonstrates that the mid-latitude ocean-atmosphere interaction is active in the southeast Indian Ocean frontal region. A low-level jet is observed over the Subantarctic Front, with speed up to 14 m＇s-1. For the Antarctic polar front, low-level wind speed near the sea surface is greater than that aloft, in contrast with the situation of the Subantarctic Front. Comparing satellite remote sensing data and widely-used reanalysis datasets with our in-situ observations, differences of varying magnitudes are found. Air temperature from Atmospheric Infrared Sounder （AIRS） data has a limited difference. The European Center for Medium Range Weather Forecasts Interim Re-Analysis （ERA Interim） dataset is much more consistent with the observations than the National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research （NCEP/NCAR） Reanalysis 1 in the southeast Indian Ocean frontal region. 相似文献
10.
Yii Siang Hii Siti Aisyah Alias Monica Riofrio Nadia Ordoniez Hernain Moreano 《极地研究(英文版)》2013,(4):273-280
This study aims to report baseline soil nutrients, specifically the organic carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus profile, in soil samples collected from Puntta Fort William on Greenwich Island in maritime Antarctic. Samples were collected along two transect lines during the early summer of 2008. Ward＇s method of hierarchical agglomerative clustering was employed to group the sampling points based on their physico-chemical properties. In this context, the soil samples can be grouped into three major clus- ters： （1） Samples with intensive biological activities, （2） samples from the area recently exposed by glacial retreat and （3） samples from barren and dried areas. Nutrient contents in Punta Fort William are driven by the intensity of biological activities as well as melt water from the Qnito glacier. 相似文献
11.
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???????Landweber???????x ?? k+1=x ?? k-f??(x ?? k) *(f(x ?? k)-y ??) ???з??????????????????????????????????????????????????1/????? |(B??(x k)B(x k))|???????????μ???????????????С?????????Landweber???????, x ?? k+1=x ?? k-??(B??(x ?? k)B(x ?? k)) *B??(x ?? k)(f(x ?? k)-y ??) ??????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????????ó?????[WTBZ]Landweber??????????????????????????????????????????С???????????? 相似文献
12.
控制平台的宽度l与网箱主构架半径r正相关,设计时必须满足网箱框架外侧与平台的距离k大于零,其中:k=1-2+22r-h42+14l2+12r2-22rl,h4为控制平台高度,其受放置区水深h的制约,高度与水深的关系:h=h1+h2+h3+2h4+12H,h1为网衣缩结高度,h2为网衣底部重力装置高度,h3为重力装置到水底的距离,H为网箱放置区台风期预计最大波高。以“HDPE升降式圆形双浮管深水网箱”为应用实例,h=24 m,H=7 m,r=7.15 m,h1=7.0 m,h2=1.0 m,l=25 m,h4=5.0 m,在浪高5 m,风力10级的情况下,网箱系统工作正常。 相似文献
13.
Located on the centre of ice drainage range, the highest Dome Argus （Dome A） of East Antarctic Ice Sheet （EAIS）, could be represented as an ideal site for deep ice cores drilling containing oldest paleo-climate records. To select a suitable drilling site for deep ice core, it needs gather all information pertaining to the local meteorology, ice sheet landforms, ice thickness, subgla- cial topography of bed rocks, ice velocity, internal structures of ice sheet, etc. Based on the International Partnerships in Ice Core Sciences （IPICS）, we present recent achievement of glaciological research and its perspective at Dome A in this paper. We system- atically discussed the merits and possible ventures of potential drilling sites around Dome A. Among all the candidates, we find that the Chinese Antarctic Kunlun Station is the best site for and assess further the possibility to obtain a replicate core for carrying out the first deep ice core drilling campaign. We emphasize studying dynamics and evolution of climate change. 相似文献
14.
β-mannanase is an enzyme that is commonly expressed in environmental bacteria. It degrades hemicellulose found in plant material and recycles nutrients back into the environment. Because this enzyme significantly contributes to biodegradation and has recently been applied in industry, we conducted a comparative analysis of bacterial isolates found in soil samples from Schirmacher Oasis, Antarctica, and Sabah, Malaysia that were capable of degrading mannan. A total of 9 bacterial isolates from Antarctica and 30 bacterial isolates from Malaysia exhibited β-mannanase activity. These bacteria were differentiated and clustered using their random amplified polymorphic DNA （RAPD） profiles, and the β-mannanase activity of these isolates was tested at different temperatures and pH. Five out of 9 Antarctica isolates and seven out of 30 Malaysian isolates were identified based on their 16S rDNA sequences. Identified bacterial isolates from Antarctica were： MP1 （Bacillus amyloliquefaciens）, MP2 （Bacillus pumilus）, MP5 （Bacilluspumilus）, A40 （Arthrobacter sp.）, and C27 （Arthrobacter oxydans）. Identified bacterial isolates from Ma- laysia were： Y1 （Paenibacillus sp.）, Y2 （Bacillus sp.）, Y16 （Paenibacillus sp.）, Y18 （Paenibacillus sp.）, A7 （Paenibacillus sp.）, B26 （Streptomyces sp.）, and D4 （Paenibacillus amylolyticus）. β-mannanases produced by the Antarctica bacterial isolates MP1 （Bacillus amyloliquefaciens） and A40 （Arthrobacter sp.） were active at 5℃ and 20℃, respectively, while the β-mannanase pro- duced by the bacterial isolate from Malaysia, A7 （Paenibacillus sp.）, was active at 35 ℃. 相似文献
15.
Antarctic surveying, mapping and remote sensing is one of the important aspects of the Chinese Antarctic geoscience research program that stretch back over 25 years, since the first Chinese National Antarctic Research Expedition （CHINARE） in 1984. During the 1980＇s, the geodetic datum, height system and absolute gravity datum were established at the Great Wall and Zhongshan Stations. Significant contributions have been made by the construction of the Chinese Great Wall, Zhongshan and Kunlun Stations in Antarctica. Geodetic control and gravity networks were established in the King George Islands, Grove Moun- tains and Dome Argus. An area of more than 200 000 km2 has been mapped using satellite image data, aerial photogrammetry and in situ data. Permanent GPS stations and tide gauges have been established at both the Great Wall and Zhongshan Stations. Studies involving plate motion, precise satellite orbit determination, the gravity field, sea level change, and various GPS applications for atmospheric studies have been carried out. Based on remote sensing techniques, studies have been undertaken on ice sheet and glacier movements, the distributions of blue ice and ice crevasses, and ice mass balance. Polar digital and visual mapping tech- niques have been introduced, and a polar survey space database has been built. The Chinese polar scientific expedition manage- ment information system and Chinese PANDA plan display platform were developed, which provides technical support for Chi- nese polar management. Finally, this paper examines prospects for future Chinese Antarctic surveying, mapping and remote sens- ing. 相似文献
16.
1 Introduction Nowadaysglobalclimatechangehasbeenanimportantissueintheworld.Antarctic areaisjustthekeyandsensitiveregion,fromwhichscientistsaretryingtheirbesttofind theomenofglobalclimatechange.Andfortherevolvingglobalatmosphere,PolarRegions arecoldsource.TheoceanicandatmosphericconditionofPolarRegionsisimportantto globalatmosphericcirculationandclimatechange.Antarcticareaisoneofthecoldsources ofglobalearth atmospheresystem,whileequatorialareaisitsmainheatsource(seeZhou andLuetal.1996).… 相似文献
17.
斜带石斑鱼与赤点石斑鱼的核型研究 总被引：7，自引：0，他引：7
采用PHA体内注射肾细胞直接制片法研究斜带石斑鱼和赤点石斑鱼的核型。结果表明 ,斜带石斑鱼的核型为 2n =4 8,2sm +46t ,NF =5 0 ;赤点石斑鱼的核型为 2n =4 8,5st+43t ,NF =4 8。两种鱼的 2n数相同 ,它们的核型特点符合典型的高位类群鱼类核型特征。 相似文献
18.
选取浮游植物初级产量、浮游植物现存量、有机物耗氧量、总氮、无机氮、总磷、活性磷等七项指标,由德尔菲法确定各指标的类别界限值和权重,用灰色系统理论的定权灰色聚类方法,借用计算机对23个湖泊和水库营养类型主要参数作灰色聚类分析,以建立一种划分我国湖泊和水库营养类型的有效方法,作为渔业生产的依据。 相似文献
19.
In this paper we examine the relationship between Antarctic krill catch, sea ice concentration, and sea surface tempera- ture （SST）. Data on the Antarctic krill catch from 2003 to 2010 in CCAMLR Area 48.2 were combined with sea ice and SST data. Results showed that krill fishing in Area 48.2 took place from February to August each year but the catch was concentrated from March to July, with production during this period accounting for about 99.3% of the annual catch. Regression analysis showed that the catch per unit effort （CPUE） was clearly related to sea ice concentration and SST intervals. CPUE was negatively correlated with the area of sea ice among years （R2=0.64）, and the correlation was strongest （R2=0.71） when sea ice concentration was greater than 90%. Over the months the CPUE initially increased, then decreased as the area of sea ice increased. The relationship was strongest （R2=0.88） when the concentration of sea ice was 60%--70%. There was no negative correlation among years between CPUE and the ice-free area when S ST was between -2 ℃ and 3 ℃ （R2=0.21）, but there was a significant negative correlation when SST was between 1 ℃ and 2℃ （R2=0.82）. Over the months, CPUE initially increased then decreased with increasing sea ice-free area, and the relationship was strongest （R2=0.94） when SST was between 0℃and 1 ℃. This study shows that sea ice concentra- tion and SST have significant effects on the abundance of krill in Area 48.2, and the findings have practical significance for the use and conservation of Antarctic krill resources. 相似文献
20.
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