共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 109 毫秒
1.
通过人工田间诱发不同等级条锈病，在不同生育期测定冬小麦感染条锈病严重度和冠层光谱，采用偏最小二乘（PLS）方法建立了冠层光谱和条锈病严重度的回归模型。结果显示： PLS反演冬小麦条锈病严重度的效果很好，与文献［4］中提出的利用高光谱指数进行反演的结果相比，精度更高； 通过对PLS回归系数的分析，发现叶绿素吸收谷两边（505~550 nm，640~670 nm，680~700 nm）的一阶微分光谱可用于诊断冬小麦条锈病病情，条锈病病害冬小麦在叶绿素吸收谷两边的一阶微分光谱的绝对值会比健康冬小麦的更大。 相似文献
2.
北京地区冬小麦冠层光谱数据与叶面积指数统计关系研究 总被引：4，自引：1，他引：3
以北京地区冬小麦为研究对象,利用TM传感器的光谱响应函数处理地面测量获得的冬小麦冠层光谱数据,得到对应于TM传感
器红光波段和近红外波段的反射率,进而计算出冬小麦冠层的归一化植被指数NDVI。建立了LAI与NDVI之间的不同经验关
系模型,对实验结果进行分析后得出,LAI与NDVI之间具有高度的指数相关性。 相似文献
3.
利用光谱反射率估算叶片生化组分和籽粒品质指标研究 总被引：55，自引：2，他引：55
对可见光至短波红外波段(350—2500nm)冬小麦田间冠层光谱反射率与叶片含氮量间的关系进行了相关分析。结果表明，820—1100nm波段的光谱反射率与叶片含氮量极显著正相关；1150—1300hm波段的光谱反射率与叶片含氮量显著正相关，以上两波段为叶片全氮的敏感波段。对各生育时期叶片全氮与其他生化组分的关系进行了回归分析，并建立了相关的回归方程，显著性检验结果表明，方程具有较高的可靠性。小麦的叶片含氮量可以估算其它生化组分及干物质指标含量，开花期叶片含氮量可用来估测籽粒蛋白质和干面筋等品质指标含量。 相似文献
4.
指示冬小麦条锈病严重度的两个新的红边参数 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过人工田间诱发不同等级条锈病,在不同生育期测定了36条感染不同严重程度条锈病的冬小麦冠层光谱及相应叶片的生理生化参量。对测定的冬小麦红边一阶微分光谱进行分析,发现随着病情严重度的增加,红边一阶微分的前峰(700nm附近)越来越明显,后峰(约在725—740nm)越来越不突出,以红边一阶微分的双峰特征随病情指数的变化为基础,设计了两个新型的红边参数:DSr和Ar,它们可以分别用来描述红边一阶微分光谱曲线的陡峭度和不对称性,与其他常用的红边参数(红边位置、红边一阶微分最大值,红边一阶微分所包围面积)相比,新参数反演病情严重度的精度更高。 相似文献
5.
冬小麦冠层氮素的垂直分布及光谱响应 总被引：23，自引：2，他引：23
考察了田间条件下冬小麦主要生育阶段冠层氮素、叶绿素的垂直分布及其光谱响应。不同叶层的叶片含氮量按上 (冠层顶部向下至 1 / 3株高处 )、中、下层的顺序呈明显下降的梯度 ,全生育期不同土壤施氮处理平均 ,上、中层间相差 1 3 3% ,中、下层间相差 2 9 5 %。在生育前期 ,各层叶片的含氮量随土壤供氮水平增高而增加 ,但不同叶层间氮素的梯度相对稳定。到生育中后期 ,中、下层叶片间氮素含量梯度增大 ,且随土壤供氮水平增高而加剧 ,最大时可相差 4 5 3% ;冠层内叶绿素 (a b)含量的垂直分布规律与氮素含量的垂直分布相类似 ,但对土壤供氮水平的反应上表现出与氮素不尽一致的趋势。不同叶层的光谱特征表现为 ,在土壤低氮水平下 ,不同叶层间在红光波段、短波红外波段 (1 4 0 0nm— 1 80 0nm及 1 95 0nm— 2 30 0nm)的反射率差异显著 ,下部叶层的反射率显著高于上、中叶层 ,但在土壤高氮水平下 ,上述差异消失 ;在近红外平台处 ,不同叶层间反射率按上、中、下顺序降低 ,梯度分布特征明显。利用近红外波段的冠层反射光谱能够很好地反演中下层叶片的叶绿素含量 相似文献
6.
利用光谱反射率估算叶片生化组分和籽粒品质指标研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
对可见光至短波红外波段(350—2500nm)冬小麦田间冠层光谱反射率与叶片含氮量间的关系进行了相关分析。结果表明，820—1100nm波段的光谱反射率与叶片含氮量极显著正相关；1150—1300hm波段的光谱反射率与叶片含氮量显著正相关，以上两波段为叶片全氮的敏感波段。对各生育时期叶片全氮与其他生化组分的关系进行了回归分析，并建立了相关的回归方程，显著性检验结果表明，方程具有较高的可靠性。小麦的叶片含氮量可以估算其它生化组分及干物质指标含量，开花期叶片含氮量可用来估测籽粒蛋白质和干面筋等品质指标含量。 相似文献
7.
小麦倒伏的光谱特征及遥感监测 总被引：14，自引：0，他引：14
小麦倒伏后茎秆和叶片在探测视场中的比例及植株组分的受光条件发生了变化,其冠层光谱特性也随之发生改变,所以利用遥感监测倒伏是可能的。首先,分析了叶片和茎秆组分的光谱特点,解释了倒伏后冠层光谱的变化特点,即光谱反射率随倒伏角度的增加而增加。其次,利用倒伏后冠层光谱反射率在可见光波段的相对增幅高于近红外波段的特点,利用实测数据分析和建立了归一化差异植被指数NDVI随倒伏角度的增加而降低的规律及模型。最后,采用2003年4月7日和5月9日倒伏发生前后的2景LandsatETM卫星影像,利用倒伏前后的NDVI值的变化,成功监测了小麦倒伏的发生程度。 相似文献
8.
叶片光谱是估算植被生化参数的重要依据。然而,遥感影像获取的光谱为像元及冠层光谱,因此,在进行植被生化参数的遥感定量估算时,需将冠层光谱转化到叶片尺度。根据几何光学模型原理,推导出植被冠层光谱和叶片光谱的尺度转换函数,将冠层光谱转换到叶片尺度。首先,采用叶片光谱模拟模型PROSPECT模拟出叶片水平的光谱;其次,在几何光学模型4-scale模型中,通过改变叶片光谱和叶面积指数（leaf area index,LAI）,模拟出不同叶片特征下的冠层光谱。最后,通过LAI建立两个查找表,一个是传感器观测到树冠光照面和背景光照面概率的查找表,另一个是多次散射因子M的查找表,从而实现冠层光谱和叶片光谱的转化。结果表明,利用4-scale模型能实现冠层光谱与叶片光谱的尺度转换,此方法有很好的适用性。 相似文献
9.
高光谱吸收特征参数反演草地光合有效辐射吸收率 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在植被光合有效辐射吸收率(FAPAR)遥感估算中被广泛采用的植被指数法,其估算精度往往受到"红波段吸收峰"峰值点光谱反射率易饱和特征的影响。考虑到高光谱吸收特征参数能较好地诠释地物光谱吸收特征的细节信息,基于微分法与包络线去除法研发"高光谱曲线特征吸收峰自动识别法"识别对FAPAR敏感的特征吸收峰,再结合连续统去除法以及光谱吸收指数(SAI)提取FAPAR的高光谱吸收特征参数,构建估算天然草地冠层水平FAPAR的高光谱吸收特征参数模型。结果表明:(1)天然草地冠层FAPAR与高光谱吸收特征参数具有很好的相关性,其中,"红波段吸收峰"SAI对FAPAR变化最为敏感,在植被覆盖度较高时,其饱和性相比"红波段吸收峰"峰值点反射率与归一化植被(NDVI)值有较大的提升。(2)以"红波段吸收峰"SAI为变量的对数方程为FAPAR的最佳估算模型,在植被覆盖度处于中与高时,其FAPAR预测精度比NDVI模型有不同程度的提高。研究采用的高光谱吸收特征参数一定程度上弥补了部分植被指数因饱和问题在估算FAPAR时的不足,可作为植被FAPAR反演的新参数,适用于中、高覆盖度的天然草地FAPAR监测。 相似文献
10.
受蚜虫危害与干旱胁迫的冬小麦高光谱判别 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
从高光谱遥感角度判别冬小麦旱害和蚜虫危害,可进一步提高遥感监测灾害的准确性.在麦长管蚜的自然危害下,通过控制其生育期水分条件形成的不同程度的干旱胁迫,监测了灌浆末期冬小麦冠层反射率对蚜虫危害和干旱胁迫的反应;并经一阶微分数据变换,筛选出识别蚜虫虫害和干旱胁迫响应最敏感的光谱波段.实验结果表明:受蚜虫危害和干旱胁迫后,灌浆末期冬小麦在近红外波段的光谱特征变化比在可见光波段的显著,可见光和近红外波段是识别蚜虫危害和干旱胁迫最敏感的谱段.经一阶微分数据变换发现,自然降水处理(灌水量相当于需水量的＜40％)下的冬小麦光谱曲线的“红边”斜率最小;受蚜虫危害以及灌水量分别相当于需水量的＞70％,60％～ 70％,50％～ 60％和40％～ 50％水分处理下的“红边”斜率依次变大;受蚜虫危害冬小麦光谱曲线的“红边”位置波长最短(698 nm),其他不同水分处理结果随着干旱胁迫的加重向波长短的方向发生“蓝移”.因此,“红边”参数也可以作为判别冬小麦蚜虫危害和干旱胁迫的重要参数. 相似文献
11.
利用高光谱遥感图像估算小麦氮含量 总被引：29，自引：0，他引：29
利用2001—04—26实用型模块化成像光谱仪(0MIS)在北京小汤山地区获取的航空高光谱遥感图像，对图像进行了精确的几何纠正和反射率转换，提取出43条小麦图像光谱与地面叶片全氮含量数据相对应，运用红边、光谱吸收特征分析方法和逐步回归算法，选择和设计了叶片全氮反演的特征波段和特征参数，并进行了全氮含量境图。实验结果表明：由吸收特征光谱(590-756nm，1096—1295nm，1295—1642nm)确定的特征深度与面积能够很好地对叶片全氮含量进行反演；NDVI(NRCA1175.8，NRCA733.9)和NDVI(dr745，dr699．2)与TN的关系最好(R^2分别为0．8145，0．769)；全氮含量填图的值域和分布与地面调查和测量结果一致。 相似文献
12.
Hyperspectral images (HSI) provide a new way to exploit the internal physical composition of the land scene. The basic platform for acquiring HSI data-sets are airborne or spaceborne spectral imaging. Retrieving useful information from hyperspectral images can be grouped into four categories. (1) Classification: Hyperspectral images provide so much spectral and spatial information that remotely sensed image classification has become a complex task. (2) Endmember extraction and spectral unmixing: Among images, only HSI have a complete model to represent the internal structure of each pixel where the endmembers are the elements. Identification of endmembers from HSI thus becomes the foremost step in interpretation of each pixel. With proper endmembers, the corresponding abundances can also be exactly calculated. (3) Target detection: Another practical problem is how to determine the existence of certain resolved or full pixel objects from a complex background. Constructing a reliable rule for separating target signals from all the other background signals, even in the case of low target occurrence and high spectral variation, comprises the key to this problem. (4) Change detection: Although change detection is not a new problem, detecting changes from hyperspectral images has brought new challenges, since the spectral bands are so many, accurate band-to-band correspondences and minor changes in subclass land objects can be depicted in HSI. In this paper, the basic theory and the most canonical works are discussed, along with the most recent advances in each aspect of hyperspectral image processing. 相似文献
13.
高光谱图像能够获取地物精细的光谱诊断特征,但受限于多谱段分光的成像机制,图像各个谱段上光成像的能量不足,信噪比难以提升。高光谱图像噪声类型与强度的准确估计,是提升高光谱图像去噪性能的关键,也是优化其成像系统设计的重要依据。现有高光谱图像噪声估计算法通常将不同类型的图像噪声作为一个整体,并未充分考虑不同类型噪声的区别。本文从高光谱图像获取的机理出发,提出了一种联合空间与光谱维度分析的高光谱图像噪声估计方法。首先,建立了高光谱图像噪声退化模型,将图像中的主要噪声定义为两类:条带与高斯噪声。然后,基于条带噪声在空间维度上独特的频率特性,提出了基于傅里叶变换与局部均值滤波的条带噪声估计方法。最后,基于在光谱维度上高光谱图像相邻波段间的高相关性,通过多元回归分析估计高斯噪声的均值与标准差。本文在模拟高光谱噪声数据上进行算法验证的同时,深入分析了高分五号短波红外高光谱相机、机载Nano-Hyperspec成像仪等国内外成像仪获取的真实高光谱数据。实验结果表明,本文提出的噪声估计方法能够有效的估计出高光谱图像不同谱段条带与高斯噪声的量化指标。实验结果可用于分析高光谱图像在不同传感器与不同成像场景下的退化原因,从而设计更优的图像去噪方法与成像系统。 相似文献
14.
Data from abnormal channels in an imaging spectrometer almost always exerts an undesired impact on spectrum matching, classification, pattern recognition and other applications in hyperspectral remote sensing. To solve this problem, researchers should get rid of the data acquired by these channels. Selecting abnormal channels just in the way of visually examining each band image in a imaging data set is a conceivably hard and boring job. To relieve the burden, this paper proposes a method which exploits the spatial and spectral autocorrelations inherent in imaging spectrometer data, and can be used to speed up and, to a great degree, automate the detection of abnormal channels in an imaging spectrometer. This method is applied easily and successfully to one PHI data set and one Hymap data set, and can be applied to remotely sensed data from other hyperspectral sensors. 相似文献
15.
Data from abnormal Channels in an imaging spectrometer almost always exerts an undesired impact on spectrum matching,chassification,pattern recognition and other applications in hyperspectral remote sensing.To solve this problem.researchers should get rid of the data acquired by these channels.Selecting abnormal channels just in the way of visually examining each band image in a imaging data set is a conceivably hard and boring job.To relieve the burden,this paper proposes a method which exploits the spatial and spectral autocorrelations inherent in imaging spectrometer data,and can be used to speed up and ,to a great degree,automate the detection of abnormal channels in an imaging spectrometer.This method is applied easily and successfully to one PHI data set and one Hymap data set ,and can be applied to remotely sensed data from other hyperspectral sensors. 相似文献
16.
Use of principal components of UAV-acquired narrow-band multispectral imagery to map the diverse low stature vegetation fAPAR 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
The fraction of absorbed photosynthetically active radiation (fAPAR) is an important plant physiological index that is used to assess the ability of vegetation to absorb PAR, which is utilized to sequester carbon in the atmosphere. This index is also important for monitoring plant health and productivity, which has been widely used to monitor low stature crops and is a crucial metric for food security assessment. The fAPAR has been commonly correlated with a greenness index derived from spaceborne optical imagery, but the relatively coarse spatial or temporal resolution may prohibit its application on complex land surfaces. In addition, the relationships between fAPAR and remotely sensed greenness data may be influenced by the heterogeneity of canopies. Multispectral and hyperspectral unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) imaging systems, conversely, can provide several spectral bands at sub-meter resolutions, permitting precise estimation of fAPAR using chemometrics. However, the data pre-processing procedures are cumbersome, which makes large-scale mapping challenging. In this study, we applied a set of well-verified image processing protocols and a chemometric model to a lightweight, frame-based and narrow-band (10 nm) UAV imaging system to estimate the fAPAR over a relatively large cultivated land area with a variety of low stature vegetation of tropical crops along with native and non-native grasses. A principal component regression was applied to 12 bands of spectral reflectance data to minimize the collinearity issue and compress the data variation. Stepwise regression was employed to reduce the data dimensionality, and the first, third and fifth components were selected to estimate the fAPAR. Our results indicate that 77% of the fAPAR variation was explained by the model. All bands that are sensitive to foliar pigment concentrations, canopy structure and/or leaf water content may contribute to the estimation, especially those located close to (720 nm) or within (750 nm and 780 nm) the near-infrared spectral region. This study demonstrates that this narrow-band frame-based UAV system would be useful for vegetation monitoring. With proper pre-flight planning and hardware improvement, the mapping of a narrow-band multispectral UAV system could be comparable to that of a manned aircraft system. 相似文献
17.
Crop monitoring using remotely sensed image data provides valuable input for a large variety of applications in environmental and agricultural research. However, method development for discrimination between spectrally highly similar crop species remains a challenge in remote sensing. Calculation of vegetation indices is a frequently applied option to amplify the most distinctive parts of a spectrum. Since no vegetation index exist, that is universally best-performing, a method is presented that finds an index that is optimized for the classification of a specific satellite data set to separate two cereal crop types. The η2 (eta-squared) measure of association – presented as novel spectral separability indicator – was used for the evaluation of the numerous tested indices. The approach is first applied on a RapidEye satellite image for the separation of winter wheat and winter barley in a Central German test site. The determined optimized index allows a more accurate classification (97%) than several well-established vegetation indices like NDVI and EVI (<87%). Furthermore, the approach was applied on a RapidEye multi-spectral image time series covering the years 2010–2014. The optimized index for the spectral separation of winter barley and winter wheat for each acquisition date was calculated and its ability to distinct the two classes was assessed. The results indicate that the calculated optimized indices perform better than the standard indices for most seasonal parts of the time series. The red edge spectral region proved to be of high significance for crop classification. Additionally, a time frame of best spectral separability of wheat and barley could be detected in early to mid-summer. 相似文献
18.
利用粗糙集关于属性依赖性公式,本文给出一种定义遥感影像波段间相似度的方法。通过模糊聚类,得到对高光谱遥感影像原始波段集合的模糊等价划分。在每个模糊等价波段组中,选择一个代表性波段完成对原始波段集合的初步降维。基于遗传算法并结合粗糙集理论,在降维后的波段集合中进一步进行的分类波段组合的优化选择。实验结果表明,本文给出的高光谱遥感影像优化分类波段组合选择方法是非常有效的。 相似文献
19.
Forests play an important role in regulation of the global climate; moreover, they provide human beings with a whole range of ecosystem services. Forest health and ecosystem functioning have been influenced by anthropogenic activities and their consequences, such as air pollution, surface mining, heavy metal contamination, and other biotic and abiotic stress factors, which had an especially serious effect on central Europe. Many aspects of the physiological state of trees are more or less related to the concentrations of two main groups of leaf photosynthetic pigments: chlorophylls and carotenoids. Therefore, their contents can be used as non-specific indicators of the actual tree physiological status, stress and the pre-visible tree damage. Variations in leaf biochemical composition affect foliar optical properties and can be assessed remotely using high spectral resolution data (hyperspectral data). These data were successfully used in earlier studies to detect vegetation stress and damage. However, only a few approaches have dealt with the use of hyperspectral remote sensing to assess vegetation physiological status on a regional scale. Moreover, little or no research has been done on assessing vegetation health while utilizing multi-date hyperspectral images.In this study, the method for assessing forest health conditions using optical indices retrieved from hyperspectral data was applied to the two temporal HyMap date sets acquired in 07/2009 and 08/2010 to detect stress for the Norway spruce forests in Sokolov, NW Bohemia, a region affected by long-term extensive mining. The classification results were validated by ground truth data (total chlorophyll – Cab, carotenoids – Car and carotenoid to chlorophyll ratio – Car/Cab) and were associated with the geochemical conditions of the forest stands. Both biochemical analysis of the sampled foliage and classification of 2009 and 2010 hyperspectral image identified the same sites affected by vegetation stress. In addition to higher Car/Cab, which enabled detection of the stressed trees using hyperspectral image data, these sites showed critically low pH and lower values for the macronutrient parameters in both organic horizons and, in addition, both sites exhibit critically low base cation to aluminum ratios (Bc/Al) for lower organic and top mineral (0–20 cm) soil horizons.The results of this study demonstrate (i) the potential application of hyperspectral remote sensing as a rapid method of identifying tree stress prior to symptom expression, and (ii) the added value of multi-temporal approaches for hyperspectral data and its further potential for monitoring forest ecosystems. 相似文献