共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
国内盐矿具有埋藏浅、盐层薄、夹层多、品位低等特点,导致盐岩地下储气库建设和运营面临诸多技术风险。在盐岩地下储气库风险因子模糊综合评价基础上,建立了层状盐岩储气库破坏、油气泄漏、地表沉降的3大事故风险层次分析模型,并构建了风险因子对3大事故影响程度判断矩阵;将建立的模型用于评价江苏金坛盐岩地下储库气的运营风险状况,确定出储气库3大事故风险因子影响权重分布和风险等级。研究结果表明：（1）储气库破坏应重点控制低压运行压力、运行时间和矿柱应力状态;（2）储气库泄漏应重点控制套管靴位置、夹层结合面滑动、高压运行压力和管道阀门受损;（3）储气库地表沉降应重点控制顶板厚度、低压运行压力和运行时间;（4）储气库破坏和泄漏属中等风险水平,储气库地表沉降属高风险水平。油气储库3大事故风险因子权重分布和风险等级的确定,为盐岩地下储气库风险调控提供了理论指导。 相似文献
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Sensitivity analysis of support safety factor for predicting the effects of contributing parameters on roof falls in underground coal mines 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Roof falls accounted for 18.18% of all fatal accidents in Indian coal mines, contributing about 35.29% of all fatal accidents in below-ground operations in 2005. The support safety factor, always preferred in support planning and design of underground coal mines, may be an important predictor for roof falls. In this paper, geotechnical data were collected from 14 roof fall incident places in an underground coal mine, located in the Eastern India, which has bord and pillar method of workings. The mean value of probabilistic support safety factor for the case study mine was found to be 1.24. However, the probability, of the estimated support safety factor of less than or equal to one, was found to be 0.246. Sensitivity analysis was conducted to analyze the effects of the contributing parameters on support safety factor and the likelihood of the roof fall. The multi-variate regression analysis was carried out for the data generated by Monte Carlo method to correlate the contributing factors to support safety factor. It ranked gallery width as the first parameter to control the support safety factor. 相似文献
3.
The problem of mining-induced seismicity in hardrock mines has become significant as underground mines from around the world are pushing production to deeper levels. At many mines, the risk associated with large seismic events and rockburst damage must be managed to ensure the safety of mine workers and minimise production losses. In this paper, an engineering approach to seismic risk management is described. It relies on accepted risk management techniques, which principally include the identification and understanding of hazards from which risk mitigation measures can be developed. This is achieved using simple but effective analysis techniques of high resolution microseismic data. 相似文献
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我国煤炭资源的长期大规模开采,产生了大量的地下空间,直接一关了之不仅造成地下空间资源浪费,还可能产生一系列安全、环境及经济问题,因此,如何科学、高效地解决煤矿地下空间的综合开发利用问题,对煤炭产业乃至国民经济的发展具有重要现实意义。笔者等以主要产煤省份为代表,结合调研收集的最新生产煤矿和关闭煤矿数据,深入分析了“十三五”期间生产煤矿地下空间和关闭煤矿地下空间总体情况,系统总结了国内外煤矿地下空间在储物、储能等方面的功能化利用现状,指出了当前我国煤矿地下空间利用存在资源数据信息匮乏、整体开发利用率低、相关技术研究工作仍相对滞后、可供推广借鉴的成熟示范工程较少等问题,提出了新时期煤矿地下空间基础数据库建设、利用体系构建、关键技术攻关、示范工程推广4个方面作为重点发展方向。 相似文献
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Avinash Paul A. P. Singh John Loui P Ajoy K. Singh Manoj Khandelwal 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2012,5(6):1435-1448
In underground coal mines, a lot of major fatalities have occurred due to roof fall in the newly developed faces or galleries of coal mines during the development or production of coal. There are around 500 underground coalmines in India, and continuous production or development or exploitation of coal depends upon the stability of the gateways developed in the form of galleries, which are supported in such a manner so that they can last up to that period, unless it has been finally extracted out with an operation called depillaring. A system of support design with roof bolting, resin bolting, and cable bolting for the aforesaid galleries is presently being decided on the basis of rock mass rating (RMR). The same support design has been attempted with the use of 3D numerical modeling technique—a tool nowadays very extensively used in geotechnical engineering to predict the stability of structures to be built or for the structures which are built against nature, i.e., underground mines. In this study, the support design system on the basis of RMR has also been validated with a numerical modeling technique for three locations of Monnet Ispat underground coalmine. After the study, it has been found that the numerical modeling technique can give better design of support system in underground coal mines in comparison with RMR-based support design system, and it will also play a major role in reducing the total cost incurred in coal exploitation from the underground coal mines. 相似文献
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水文地质参数是衡量含水层富水性的重要指标,其空间分布特征的准确推算,对于矿井突水灾害预报与防治具有积极意义。传统放水试验分析方法得到的是等效水文地质参数,不能准确刻画含水层的空间异质性。基于随时间变化的水头数据与水文地质参数的互相关分析,将水力层析法应用在陕西榆林柠条塔煤矿井下承压含水层叠加放水试验数据分析中,获得了研究区水文地质参数的空间分布特征。结果表明,工作面南北富水性差异大,涌水区位于强导水带上;从涌水区往北,导水系数和储水系数整体上逐渐减小;南部导水系数和储水系数均较大,属于富水异常区。研究表明,水力层析法是一种有效的非均质含水层参数识别的新技术,将井下放水视为针对含水层的刺激源,结合水头与水文地质参数的互相关分析,联合多个观测孔的水头响应数据,反演刻画研究区域的主要地质结构特征。在矿井水文地质条件分析中,预先采用水力层析法识别富水异常区域,可以有效降低突水事故风险。 相似文献
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From the viewpoint of safety in underground coal mining, the most suitable mining panel is the one with minimum geological structures, the right machinery, and equipment selection, trained employee, and proficient stope management. Since the ground parameters are uncontrollable and inherent uncertainties exist, a high percent of risk will usually accompany the underground coal mining activities. The main purpose of this study is to present a geological–geotechnical risk assessment model for identification of high risk-prone areas in underground coal mines using an integrated GIS-geostatistics system. Tabas as the first mechanized and largest underground coal mine in Iran was selected as a case study in this study. Gas content of coal seam, Coal Mine Roof Rating (CMRR), initial in situ stress state, fault throw, and orientation were selected as hazard/risk factors. For estimating the amount of coal seam gas content, CMRR and initial in situ stress in unsampled areas and providing the prediction maps, geostatistics module in ArcGIS was used. Rock engineering system–interaction matrix method was used for attribute weight assignment. Next, the attribute layers were weighted, rated, and overlaid to create a final map of geohazards risk. The analysis results of final risk map indicate that about 45% of under study area is prone to high to very high geohazards risk. Comparison of the results with experiences obtained during the early part of the mine and mined-out panels showed generally good agreement with promising ideas. This highlights the potential application of the GIS-based approach for hazards detection and geohazards risk assessment in underground coal mines. 相似文献
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针对煤矿井下数据采集采用有线连接方式给勘探工作带来了不便的问题,开发了无线传感网络系统。介绍了节点分类、硬件构成及软件工作流程,并做了系统的自动组网、通讯距离及同步测试试验。试验结果表明,设计的无线传感网络系统可满足设计要求,给井下数据采集带来了方便。 相似文献
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介绍了煤矿井下钻孔测井技术及其发展 ,并论述了应用无缆测井技术的矿井防爆测井系统及其在煤矿井下的实际应用 相似文献
11.
煤矿地质灾害的弹性波探测技术 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
断层、老窑、陷落柱和煤层缺失等地质异常是煤矿潜在的地质灾害,因地质异常不清造成事故和生产停顿的事,在煤矿时有发生。我们根据弹性波对不同地质体之间密度和波传播速度等物性差异的敏感性,分析了纵波、横波、瑞利波和槽波在地层中的传播特性,研究了弹性波地震探测技术。包括探测仪器研制、资料采集和数据处理技术研究。并应用该技术从地面、井下巷道和工作面侧壁,在许多煤矿进行地质异常探测试验,取得明显效果,为煤矿建井、掘进和开采提供了可靠的地质保障,并为煤矿装备了有力的探测手段。 相似文献
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深层灰岩水在长时间水岩耦合作用下各含水层的水化学成分有所不同,但随着地壳运动、采动影响等因素导致不同含水层产生水力联系。重大的突水事故都是深层高压灰岩水以浅层灰岩水为通道突入矿井发生的。依据对淮南煤田潘谢矿区9对矿井2015—2018年182个地面水文观测孔的水位数据及潘二矿突水后各水文观测孔水位变化的时空规律,得出水文观测孔的水位变化数据比水位高程数据更灵敏,潘谢矿区深层灰岩水由下向上对浅层灰岩水进行补给,通过聚类分析算法识别出矿井与深层灰岩水存在补给关系的浅层灰岩含水层区域;另一方面基于改进的随机森林算法对收集的7 000多条矿井水质化验资料进行分析,基于错分数据识别出与深层灰岩水水力联系紧密的各矿含水层信息。综合分析水位变化数据聚类分析结果,得出各矿井的突水风险区域。基于含水层分类显著因子、水化学空间分布特征,结合温度、流量、水位、水质等参数的高精度传感器,构建快速准确突水预警系统,对矿井出水点进行智能监测,为实施防治水措施提供快速、可靠的依据,可以极大地避免矿井发生突水事故和减少突水事故产生的损失。 相似文献
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Sensitivity analysis for the GIS-based mapping of the ground subsidence hazard near abandoned underground coal mines 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
Ground subsidence around abandoned underground coal mines can cause much loss of life and property. We analyze factors that
can affect ground subsidence around abandoned mines in Jeongahm in Kangwon-do by sensitivity analysis in geographic information
system (GIS). Spatial data for the subsidence area, topography and geology and various ground engineering data were collected
and used to make a factor raster database for a ground subsidence hazard map. To determine the importance of extracted subsidence-related
factors, frequency ratio model and sensitivity analysis were employed. Sensitivity analysis is a method for comparing the
combined effects of all factors except one. Sensitivity analysis and its verification showed that using all factors provided
91.61% accuracy. The best accuracy was achieved by not considering the groundwater depth (92.77%) and the worst by not considering
the lineament (85.42%). The results show that the distance from the lineament and the distance from the drift highly affected
the occurrence of ground subsidence, and the groundwater depth, land use and rock mass rating had the least effects. Thus,
we determined causes of ground subsidence in the study area and this information could help in the prediction of ground subsidence
in other areas. 相似文献
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开阳磷矿为我国大型磷矿山,经过几十年的开采留下了很多地质灾害及隐患.文章针对矿山具体情况,采用高新技术手段对矿山深部开采和工程地质灾害事故隐患实施监控预警,提高矿山的本质安全程度和保障能力,达到控制和消除安全隐患,减轻灾害损失,提高企业市场竞争力. 相似文献
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山西省煤炭资源丰富,年煤炭产量占全国产量的近1/4,煤炭资源开采形成大量的采空地下空间。随着碳中和目标的提出和山西风电、光伏发电的大力发展,如何合理利用煤矿采空地下空间,尤其是将地下空间与新能源结合将成为煤炭产业低碳发展的关键。本次研究运用比例系数法和采空地下空间守恒定律,测算出2022年山西省开采煤矿井巷可利用空间为1.54亿m3,“十五”到“十三五”期间关闭/退出煤矿的井巷可利用空间为1.05亿m3,估算1949至2021年山西省煤矿因工作面开采形成的采空地下空间约38.98亿m3,预测到2030年山西省煤矿工作面开采还可形成采空地下空间约19.56亿m3。根据山西省能源低碳发展需求提出了山西省煤矿采空地下空间未来可利用的四种模式：煤矿地下旅游或地下仓储、煤矿地下抽水蓄能、煤矿地下压缩空气储能和煤矿地下封存二氧化碳等。 相似文献
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The presence of hard and massive sandstone above the coal seam in underground coal mines often leads to delay in caving of overlying rock beds thereby causing excessive load on supports and posing danger to underground workings. The problem is more prominent in blasting gallery (BG) as well as longwall mining methods in Indian coal mines. Induced caving by blasting is a promising means for hard roof management in underground coal mines. Based on extensive studies and data collected from different mines in India, a Blastability Index (BI) has been developed which can be used for the classification of roof according to the degree of ease in caving by induced blasting. Different charge factors have also been suggested based on the Blastability Index. Due to wide change in the method of extractions, ??Cavability Index?? for longwall panel was found ineffective in case of BG method of working as well as bord and pillar working. For this reason, this proposed Blastability Index would be of immense help for caving of hard roof by induced blasting. 相似文献
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Investigations were carried out at seven underground coal mines in India to characterise the responses of roof and pillars of underground workings to the vibrations induced by adjacent open-pit blasting. The roof rocks of the selected underground instrumented panels were having RMR between 36.7 to 57. Monitoring of strata behaviour was carried out before and after blasts. Arrangements were made to mount the transducers of seismographs in roof and pillars to monitor the vibration. Attempts were made to monitor the vibration simultaneously, for a blast, in the pillar and at the junction of the roof or away from the junction in the gallery. 102 sets of such vibration data were recorded in the underground mines. It was observed that the roof of underground roadways vibrated with higher peak particle velocity (PPV) compared to pillars. The amplification of vibration in the roof compared to pillars, away from the junction, was 1.02 to 2.58 times whereas at the junctions, it was 2.04 to 5.57 times. 相似文献
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Simulation of groundwater level recovery in abandoned mines,Fengfeng coalfield,China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1 
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下载免费PDF全文 MA Luan WANG Guang-cai SHI Zhe-ming GUO Yu-ying XU Qing-yu HUANG Xu-juan 《地下水科学与工程》2016,4(4):344-353
Abandoned mines are of high potential risk as they could be a large underground storage of pollutants(heavy metals and organic wastes, etc.). Various physical, chemical and biological reactions would take place when groundwater flows into underground spaces, which makes abandoned mine a huge potential hazard to groundwater environment. The recovery of groundwater level is one of the key elements controlling the reactions and causing such hazards. This paper simulated groundwater level recovery processes in the abandoned mines, Fengfeng coalfield by using the computer program FEFLOW. The paper integrated the pipe flow model, "three zones" model and groundwater inrush(discharge) model in the simulation of groundwater in the complex laneway-aquifer system. Groundwater flow in the laneway systems was considered pipe flow and described in Bernoulli equation. The water-bearing medium(coal seam roof) overlying the laneway systems was divided into "three zones" composed of the caving zone, fissure zone and bending zone based on the disruption degrees of previous mining. Groundwater in the Ordovician limestone aquifer(bottom of coal seam) flowing into laneway systems was considered a major inrush/recharge source, and its flow rate was calculated by an inrush(discharge) model which was newly developed in this study and incorporated into FEFLOW. The results showed that it would take approximately 95 days for groundwater in abandoned mines to recover to regional groundwater level elevation, and the total amount of water filling up would be about 1.41195×10~7 m~3, which is consistent with the actual data. The study could be of theoretical and practical significance to mitigate abandoned mines' hazards and improve mine groundwater utilization. 相似文献