共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
韧性剪切带中,由于变形分解作用的存在,岩石发生递进变形过程中,产于共轴或非共轴递进缩短带内的变斑晶不发生旋转,而变斑晶内的包裹体痕迹是递进变形过程中遗留在变斑晶内的变形变质痕迹。利用未旋转斑晶中的包裹体痕迹可以确定早期面理的取向,寻找构造演化的时间标志,确定变形变质的关系及其演化史。对北祁连托勒牧场大型走滑韧性剪切带中石榴石、黑云母等变斑晶及包裹体痕迹的研究,揭示了变斑晶的生长和包、裹体痕迹与褶劈理的演化有着重要联系以及剪切变形过程中变形变质演化史、应变速率的变化。递进变形相应地发生递增变质,但两者存在着一定的差异性。 相似文献
2.
韧性剪切带中，由于变形分解作用的存在，岩石发生递进变形过程中，产于共轴或非共轴递进缩短带内的变斑晶不发生旋转，而变斑晶内的包裹体痕迹是递进变形过程中遗留在变斑晶内的变形变质痕迹。利用未旋转斑晶中的包裹体痕迹可以确定早期面理的取向，寻找构造演化的时间标志，确定变形变质的关系及其演化史。对北祁连托勒牧场大型走滑韧性剪切带中石榴石、黑云母等变斑晶及包裹体痕迹的研究，揭示了变斑晶的生长和包、裹体痕迹与褶劈理的演化有着重要联系以及剪切变形过程中变形变质演化史、应变速率的变化。递进变形相应地发生递增变质，但两者存在着一定的差异性。 相似文献
3.
变斑晶包体形迹研究的几个问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
变斑晶是联系变质与变形的重要媒介。变斑晶内的包体按几何形态可分为９大类。在发生递进变形的变质岩中，斑晶成核生长于变形分解作用的递进缩短带内。除少数螺旋状石榴石外，产于共轴或非共轴递进不均匀缩短变形过程中的斑晶不发生旋转。在韧性剪切带中，由于存在变形分解作用，在岩石发生递进变形过程中，产于共轴或非共轴递进缩短带内的变斑晶也不发生旋转。利用未旋转斑晶中包体形迹可以确定早期面理的取向，寻找构造演化时间标志，确定变形变质关系及其演化史。如在大背坞地区，根据黄铁矿变斑晶的旋转演化，可以恢复韧性剪切带的成生演化历史。近十几年来由于计算机模拟的引人，使变斑晶微构造研究从定性步入定量阶段。 相似文献
4.
江西大背坞地区同构造变斑晶研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
大背坞地区浅变质碎屑岩内的韧性剪切带中发育有同构造成因的菱铁矿变斑晶和黄铁矿变斑晶,它们是进变质剪切变形的产物和标志。作为同构造成因,这类变斑晶的发育与剪切变形及强度、变形变质矿物绢云母的含量和晶体大小关系密切,具有独特的晶形并保留基质片理等特征。根据变斑晶的旋转效应可以恢复大背坞韧性剪切带的成生演化历史:右行逆冲剪切→压扁变形→左行正断剪切. 相似文献
5.
辽河群变质泥质岩中变质重结晶作用和变形作用的关系 总被引：10，自引：3，他引：7
辽河群变泥质岩中变斑晶种类繁多,有的具多个世代。同位素年代学证据表明它们都形成于吕梁变质期。通过２０００多块薄片的详细显微构造分析,将吕梁变质期分成四个变质阶段。变斑晶微构造揭示Ｍ１发生于变形前埋藏过程中,Ｍ２、Ｍ３属进变质阶段,Ｍ４为退变阶段。变斑晶在各变质阶段以完整或不完整的基本结晶序列周期性地出现,成核具阶段性,生长既有阶段性的又有具连续性的。变斑晶在不同的变形条件下,具有不同的变形行为,如旋转与非旋转性。变斑晶的时空分布规律揭示,Ｍ２期间垂向递增变质带与Ｄ１伸展构造样式密切相关;Ｍ３期间侧向递增变质带样式与收缩挤压褶皱样式一致。 相似文献
6.
辽河群变质泥质岩中变质重结晶作用和形作用的关系 总被引：4，自引：3，他引：1
辽河群变泥质岩中变斑晶种类繁多,有的具多个世代.同位素年代学证据表明它们都形成于吕梁变质期.通过2000多块薄片的详细显微构造分析,将吕梁变质期分成四个变质阶段.变斑晶微构造揭示 M1 发生于变形前埋藏过程中,M2、M3 属进变质阶段,M4 为退变阶段.变斑晶在各变质阶段以完整或不完整的基本结晶序列周期性地出现,成核具阶段性,生长既有阶段性的又有具连续性的.变斑晶在不同的变形条件下,具有不同的变形行为,如旋转与非旋转性.变斑晶的时空分布规律揭示,M2 期间垂向递增变质带与 D1 伸展构造样式密切相关;M3 期间侧向递增变质带样式与收缩挤压褶皱样式一致. 相似文献
7.
面理弯切轴测量技术在造山带研究中的应用——以美国阿肯色河地区为例 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
基于变形分解理论提出的面理弯切轴测量技术,通过对变斑晶中多期面理的测定分析,为厘定造山运动中的变形过程提供了新的精确定量研究手段。面理弯切轴数据已经被用于解决地质领域多种问题,例如:研究造山运动过程中变形变质历史以及在区域和造山带尺度对比多期变质作用;论证变斑晶生长过程是否发生旋转;变斑晶成核生长与区域变形过程之间的关系;重建板块运动历史过程;约束不同地质事件的发生时限;划分复杂变形分解类型以及岩浆侵位机制及时限研究。本文主要介绍面理弯切轴测量方法的原理、具体测定方法、研究意义及应用范围,并以美国阿肯色地区为例,详细介绍了面理弯切轴测量技术在造山运动过程区域变形历史重建中的应用。 相似文献
8.
变斑晶包体形迹研究的几个问题 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高坪仙 《前寒武纪研究进展》1997,20(4):55-63
变斑晶是联系变质与变形的重要媒介。变斑晶内的包体按几何形态可分为９大类。在发生递进变形的变质岩中，斑晶成核生长于变形分解作用的递进缩短带内。除少数螺旋状石榴石外，产于共轴或非共轴递进不均匀缩短变形过程中的斑晶不发生旋转。在韧性剪切带中，由于存在变形分解作用，在岩石发生递进变形过程中，产于共轴或非共轴递进缩短带内的变斑晶也不发生旋转。利用未旋转斑晶中包体形迹可以确定早期面理的取向，寻找构造演化时间标 相似文献
9.
江西大背坞地区韧性剪切带中岩石变形与矿物变化的关系 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
浅变质碎屑岩中韧性剪切变形往往引起进变质作用,并导致矿物变化,其主要表同为同构造变斑晶,绢云母重结晶和形成动力分异条带,从剪切带外侧到剪切带中心,同构造变斑晶由小变大,重结晶须云母含量逐渐增高,动力分异条带仅发育于剪切带中心强变形区,在一定变形范围内,重结晶绢云母含量与应变强度呈线性正相关。 相似文献
10.
大背坞地区的斑点构造分为同生碎屑和变斑晶两大类共７种。详细论述了各种斑点的分布和变形特征。认为同生碎屑为浊流沉积成因,分布受地层控制;同构造变斑晶受韧性剪切带控制,是浅变质碎屑岩中进变质韧性剪切带的重要标志之一。通过对斑点构造进行应变测量,重新厘定了区内的韧性剪切带,估算了褶皱变形压缩率和大背坞韧性剪切带的压缩量、剪切位移,认为本区主要经历区域褶皱和韧性剪切两期变形。 相似文献
11.
S. E. JOHNSON 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1990,8(1):13-30
Porphyroblasts of garnet and plagioclase in the Otago schists have not rotated relative to geographic coordinates during non-coaxial deformation that post-dates their growth. Inclusion trails in most of the porphyroblasts are oriented near-vertical and near-horizontal, and the strike of near-vertical inclusion trails is consistent over 3000 km2 . Microstructural relationships indicate that the porphyroblasts grew in zones of progressive shortening strain, and that the sense of shear affecting the geometry of porphyroblast inclusion trails on the long limbs of folds is the same as the bulk sense of displacement of fold closures. This is contrary to the sense of shear inferred when porphyroblasts are interpreted as having rotated during folding.
Several crenulation cleavage/fold models have previously been developed to accommodate the apparent sense of rotation of porphyroblasts that grew during folding. In the light of accumulating evidence that porphyroblasts do not generally rotate, the applicability of these models to deformed rocks is questionable.
Whether or not porphyroblasts rotate depends on how deformation is partitioned. Lack of rotation requires that progressive shearing strain (rotational deformation) be partitioned around rigid heterogeneities, such as porphyroblasts, which occupy zones of progressive shortening or no strain (non-rotational deformation). Therefore, processes operating at the porphyroblast/matrix boundary are important considerations. Five qualitative models are presented that accommodate stress and strain energy at the boundary without rotating the porphyroblast: (a) a thin layer of fluid at the porphyroblast boundary; (2) grain-boundary sliding; (3) a locked porphyroblast/matrix boundary; (4) dissolution at the porphyroblast/matrix boundary, and (5) an ellipsoidal porphyroblast/shadow unit. 相似文献
Several crenulation cleavage/fold models have previously been developed to accommodate the apparent sense of rotation of porphyroblasts that grew during folding. In the light of accumulating evidence that porphyroblasts do not generally rotate, the applicability of these models to deformed rocks is questionable.
Whether or not porphyroblasts rotate depends on how deformation is partitioned. Lack of rotation requires that progressive shearing strain (rotational deformation) be partitioned around rigid heterogeneities, such as porphyroblasts, which occupy zones of progressive shortening or no strain (non-rotational deformation). Therefore, processes operating at the porphyroblast/matrix boundary are important considerations. Five qualitative models are presented that accommodate stress and strain energy at the boundary without rotating the porphyroblast: (a) a thin layer of fluid at the porphyroblast boundary; (2) grain-boundary sliding; (3) a locked porphyroblast/matrix boundary; (4) dissolution at the porphyroblast/matrix boundary, and (5) an ellipsoidal porphyroblast/shadow unit. 相似文献
12.
Interpretation of porphyroblast inclusion trails: limitations imposed by growth kinetics and strain rates 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
A. J. BARKER 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1994,12(5):681-694
Porphyroblast inclusion trails provide important information about the tectonometamorphic evolution of a metamorphic rock. However, there remains considerable controversy over whether porphyroblasts rotate during bulk non-coaxial deformation.
With reference to an area of the Scandinavian Caledonides and utilizing existing data from theoretical and experimental modelling, this study demonstrates that both 'straight' and 'S-shaped' inclusion trails are consistent with an interpretation in terms of syndeformational porphyroblast growth in a regime approximating to Newtonian simple shear. At crustal strain rates of 10-14 s-1 and porphyroblast growth times of 0.1–1.0 Ma, it is shown that a maximum of 5-9 angular rotation would occur during growth. At faster strain rates of 10-12 s-1 (e.g. those in a shear zone) porphyroblast angular rotations of 90 are shown to occur in 0.1–0.25 Ma (i.e. times comparable with or faster than porphyroblastesis). In view of this, 'S-shaped' inclusion trails are to be expected in porphyroblasts growing in active shear zones or other situations of high shear strain, whereas 'straight' inclusion trails can be interpreted as static overgrowth of an existing fabric or as syndeformational porphyroblastesis at low strain rates. 相似文献
With reference to an area of the Scandinavian Caledonides and utilizing existing data from theoretical and experimental modelling, this study demonstrates that both 'straight' and 'S-shaped' inclusion trails are consistent with an interpretation in terms of syndeformational porphyroblast growth in a regime approximating to Newtonian simple shear. At crustal strain rates of 10
13.
Porphyroblast inclusion trails: the key to orogenesis 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Detailed microstructural analysis of inclusion trails in hundreds of garnet porphyroblasts from rocks where spiral-shaped inclusion trails are common indicates that spiral-shaped trails did not form by rotation of the growing porphyroblasts relative to geographic coordinates. They formed instead by progressive growth by porphyroblasts over several sets of near-orthogonal foliations that successively overprint one another. The orientations of these near-orthogonal foliations are alternately near-vertical and near-horizontal in all porphyroblasts examined. This provides very strong evidence for lack of porphyroblast rotation.
The deformation path recorded by these porphyroblasts indicates that the process of orogenesis involves a multiply repeated two-stage cycle of: (1) crustal shortening and thickening, with the development of a near-vertical foliation with a steep stretching lineation; followed by (2) gravitational instability and collapse of this uplifted pile with the development of a near-horizontal foliation, gravitational spreading, near-coaxial vertical shortening and consequent thrusting on the orogen margins. Correlation of inclusion trail overprinting relationships and asymmetry in porphyroblasts with foliation overprinting relationships observed in the field allows determination of where the rocks studied lie and have moved within an orogen. This information, combined with information about chemical zoning in porphyroblasts, provides details about the structural/metamorphic ( P-T-t ) paths the rocks have followed.
The ductile deformation environment in which a porphyroblast can rotate relative to geographic coordinates during orogenesis is spatially restricted in continental crust to vertical, ductile tear/transcurrent faults across which there is no component of bulk shortening or transpression. 相似文献
The deformation path recorded by these porphyroblasts indicates that the process of orogenesis involves a multiply repeated two-stage cycle of: (1) crustal shortening and thickening, with the development of a near-vertical foliation with a steep stretching lineation; followed by (2) gravitational instability and collapse of this uplifted pile with the development of a near-horizontal foliation, gravitational spreading, near-coaxial vertical shortening and consequent thrusting on the orogen margins. Correlation of inclusion trail overprinting relationships and asymmetry in porphyroblasts with foliation overprinting relationships observed in the field allows determination of where the rocks studied lie and have moved within an orogen. This information, combined with information about chemical zoning in porphyroblasts, provides details about the structural/metamorphic ( P-T-t ) paths the rocks have followed.
The ductile deformation environment in which a porphyroblast can rotate relative to geographic coordinates during orogenesis is spatially restricted in continental crust to vertical, ductile tear/transcurrent faults across which there is no component of bulk shortening or transpression. 相似文献
14.
Deformation partitioning and porphyroblast rotation in meta-morphic rocks: a radical reinterpretation 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
T. H. BELL 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1985,3(2):109-118
Abstract Most porphyroblasts never rotate during ductile deformation, provided they do not internally deform during subsequent events, with the exception of relatively uncommon but spectacular examples of spiralling garnets. Instead, the surrounding foliation rotates and reactivates due to partitioning of the deformation around the porphyroblast. Consequently, porphyroblasts commonly preserve the orientation of early foliations and stretching lineations within strain shadows or inclusion trails, even where these structures have been rotated or obliterated in the matrix due to subsequent deformation. These relationships can be readily used to help develop an understanding of the processes of foliation development and they demonstrate the prominent role of reactivation of old foliations during subsequent deformation. They can also be used to determine the deformation history, as porphyroblasts only rotate when the deformation cannot partition and involves progressive shearing with no combined bulk shortening component. 相似文献
15.
变质岩中变斑晶成核生长及旋转问题的述评 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
发生递进变形的变质岩中,斑晶成核生长于变形分解作用的递进缩短带内,斑晶的大小受两侧递进剪切变形带的限制。除少数螺旋状石榴石外,产于共轴或非共轴递进不均匀缩短变形过程中的斑晶不发生旋转,斑晶内部包体形迹(Si)反映外部面理(Se)的再活化。利用未旋转斑晶中的包体形迹可以确定早期面理的取向,寻找构造演化的时间标志,确定褶皱轴迹等,本文给出了斑晶中包体形迹弯曲的成因模式图。 相似文献
16.
庄育勋 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1991,(1)
根据变质构造和镜下显微组构的研究,提出了与Zwart,H.J.(1962,1963)的变斑晶包体S形构造成因观点不同的解释。结合包体和基质矿物成分、组构特征建立了递增变质作用中变斑状特征变质矿物形成的相对时间标志。以此确定了阿尔泰变质地带递增变质作用过程中一系列特征变质矿物及其相应的变质带的形成顺序。 相似文献
17.
Sigmoidal inclusion trails, punctuated fabric development, and interactions between metamorphism and deformation 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
M. L. WILLIAMS 《Journal of Metamorphic Geology》1994,12(1):1-21
Porphyroblast inclusion fabrics are consistent in style and geometry across three Proterozoic metamorphic field gradients, comprising two pluton-related gradients in central Arizona and one regional gradient in northern New Mexico. Garnet crystals contain curved ‘sigmoidal’ inclusion trails. In low-grade chlorite schists, these trails can be correlated directly with matrix crenulations of an older schistosity (S1). The garnet crystals preferentially grew in crenulation hinges, but some late crenulations nucleated on existing garnet porphyroblasts. At higher grade, biotite, staurolite and andalusite porphyroblasts occur in a homogeneous S2 foliation primarily defined by matrix biotite and ilmenite. Biotite porphyroblasts have straight to sigmoidal inclusion trails that also represent the weakly folded S1 schistosity. Staurolite and andalusite contain distinctive inclusion-rich and inclusion-poor domains that represent a relict S2 differentiated crenulation cleavage. Together, the inclusion relationships document the progressive development of the S2 fabric through six stages. Garnet and biotite porphyroblasts contain stage 2 or 3 crenulations; staurolite and andalusite generally contain stage 4 crenulations, and the matrix typically contains a homogeneous stage 6 cleavage. The similarity of inclusion relationships across spatially and temporally distinct metamorphic field gradients of widely differing scales suggests a fundamental link between metamorphism and deformation. Three end-member relationships may be involved: (1) tectonic linkages, where similar P-T-time histories and similar bulk compositions combine to produce similar metamorphic and structural signatures; (2) deformation-controlled linkages, where certain microstructures, particularly crenulation hinges, are favourable environments for the nucleation and/or growth of porphyroblasts; and (3) reaction-controlled linkages, where metamorphic reactions, particularly dehydration reactions, are associated with an increase in the rate of fabric development. A general model is proposed in which (1) garnet and biotite porphyroblasts preferentially grow in stage 2 or 3 crenulation hinges, and (2) chlorite-consuming metamorphic reactions lead to pulses in the rate of fabric evolution. The data suggest that fabric development and porphyroblast growth may have been quite rapid, of the order of several hundreds of thousands of years, in these rocks. These microstructures and processes may be characteristic of low-pressure, first-cycle metamorphic belts. 相似文献
18.
Porphyroblast inclusion trails have the potential to provide critical information about tectonometamorphic events. Recently, however, traditional interpretations of inclusion trails have been called into question by the suggestions that porphyroblasts do not rotate during non-coaxial deformation and that apparent spiral inclusion trails can be generated in coaxial deformation. We present a new computer model that simulates inclusion trail development. Model results suggest: (1) that the extent of porphyroblast rotation is controlled by conditions at the porphyroblast-matrix boundary; (2) that curved inclusion trails may develop in unrotated porphyroblasts; (3) that classic "snowball" inclusion trails are most simply explained by rotational growth histories; and (4) that some of the observations used to support the view that porphyroblasts do not rotate (e.g. weakly sigmoidal inclusion trails, apparent truncations of inclusion trails) can be accounted for by variations in the growth rate of rotating porphyroblasts. 相似文献
19.
Strain rates from snowball garnet 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Spiral inclusion trails in garnet porphyroblasts are likely to have formed due to simultaneous growth and rotation of the crystals, during syn‐metamorphic deformation. Thus, they contain information on the strain rate of the rock. Strain rates may be interpreted from such inclusion trails if two functions are known: (1) The relationship between rotation rate and shear strain rate; (2) the growth rate of the crystal. We have investigated details of both functions using a garnetiferous mica schist from the eastern European Alps as an example. The rotation rate of garnet porphyroblasts was determined using finite element modelling of the geometrical arrangement of the crystals in the rock. The growth rate of the porphyroblasts was determined by using the major and trace element distributions in garnet crystals, thermodynamic pseudosections and information on the grain size distribution. For the largest porphyroblast size fraction (size L=12 mm) we constrain a growth interval between 540 and 590 °C during the prograde evolution of the rock. Assuming a reasonable heating rate and using the angular geometry of the spiral inclusion trails we are able to suggest that the mean strain rate during crystal growth was of the order of =6.6 × 10?14 s?1. These estimates are consistent with independent estimates for the strain rates during the evolution of this part of the Alpine orogen. 相似文献