共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 234 毫秒
1.
为了描述软黏土一维应力-应变关系的时效特性,基于Bjerrum的等时间线体系,提出等黏塑性应变率线概念,推导了黏塑性应变率与黏塑性应变增量的关系,建立了软黏土的一维弹黏塑性模型;从理论上分析了新建模型与3种典型的一维弹黏塑性时效本构模型的内在联系,表明新建模型与其他3种模型在本质上是等效的,且形式更简洁,物理意义更明确;利用新建模型对软黏土的固结-蠕变耦合效应、应变率效应、应力松弛效应等时效特性进行了理论分析,并得到了相应的解析解;结合宁波软黏土的一维固结试验,阐述了模型参数的确定方法,并用新建模型对宁波软黏土的固结-蠕变试验、温州软黏土的一维多级等应变率试验、香港海相软黏土的一维应力松弛试验进行模拟,验证了新建模型的有效性。研究结果表明,新建模型能很好地模拟软黏土的一维时效特性。 相似文献
2.
以宜昌至巴东高速公路中典型的巴东组紫红色泥质粉砂岩为对象,对其进行三轴压缩试验。通过对三轴应力-应变全过程分析表明:岩石破坏的实质是原生节理裂隙的不断扩展、累积、劣化的过程,其应力应变过程可分为线性弹性段,屈服段,应变软化段以及塑性流动四个阶段。基于试验结果探讨了泥质粉砂岩的初始损伤特性,分析结果表明:泥质粉砂岩的初始损伤时的主应力差对数与围压呈线性关系。同时,假定岩石微元强度服从 Weibull 随机分布的特点,合理推导了岩石微元强度的参量,建立了反映岩石破裂全过程的损伤软化本构模型,并分析了基于Weibull 分布的损伤变量与主应力差的抛物线数学关系,并结合试验数据与模型数据进行对比,分析了该损伤软化本构模型是合理的。 相似文献
3.
为了可以合理地描述岩石的体积变形行为,从分数阶微积分出发,基于分数阶常黏性和变黏性系数Abel黏壶元件,提出了环向-轴向应变分数阶黏壶,构建了岩石在单三轴压缩,松弛及蠕变条件下的分数阶体积应变-轴向应变关系,得到了模型的解析解,新模型可为求解岩石的体积应变提供一种新方法。在完整砂岩、泥岩试样及单裂隙砂岩试样的单三轴压缩、松弛及裂隙花岗岩蠕变试验数据的基础上,通过拟合分析确定了分数阶导数体积-轴向应变关系模型的参数,并进行了参数敏感性分析,揭示了围压、单裂隙倾角、微分阶数及模型参数对体积应变的影响规律。结果表明,利用该黏壶构建的体积-轴向应变关系模型,不仅可以更好地描述岩石体积变形的剪缩、剪胀特性,还能够反映岩石的松弛及蠕变变形特性。 相似文献
4.
岩土类材料具有显著的率相关性,其应力-应变关系全过程一般表现为硬化-软化特征,研究如何描述这两类特征具有重要的意义。基于岩土类材料的物理变形机制分析,考虑到其结构性特征,采用弹黏塑性本构模型,引入反映材料结构变化的可变结构黏滞系数及其演化方程,并将其嵌入到弹黏塑性本构模型中去,建立能够反映材料结构变化的弹黏塑性本构模型。利用玄武岩常规三轴常应变率试验结果对所建立的模型进行试验验证,结果表明：所建立的弹黏塑本构模型能够完整、合理地描述岩土类材料应力-应变关系全过程以及材料本构关系的率相关性,同时还能够反映材料的峰值强度、残余强度特征。 相似文献
5.
三轴压缩下粉砂质泥岩蠕变本构模型研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
依据粉砂质泥岩三轴压缩蠕变试验结果,分析了岩石的蠕变力学特性。选取线性黏弹性Burgers模型来描述岩石的衰减蠕变和稳定蠕变特性。引入非线性黏塑性元件,将其与Burgers模型串联起来,建立一个新的六元件非线性黏弹塑性Burgers蠕变本构模型。采用非线性Burgers模型来描述岩石的加速蠕变特性。应用Levenberg-Marquardt算法对蠕变试验曲线进行辨识,得出各级应力水平下岩石轴向与径向的蠕变模型参数。对比试验曲线和模型拟合曲线,二者吻合较好,表明线性Burgers模型与非线性Burgers模型可以准确描述岩石3个蠕变阶段的力学特性。模型参数辨识结果表明,在同一级应力水平下岩石轴向与径向的蠕变模型参数各自独立并不统一,模型参数取值时应考虑岩石蠕变的各向异性以及轴向与径向蠕变量、蠕变速率大小的差异。在前7级应力水平下,模型参数应取以轴向应变辨识得到的Burgers模型参数;在第8级应力水平下,模型参数应取以径向应变辨识得到的Burgers模型参数;在破裂应力水平下,模型参数应取以径向应变辨识得到的非线性Burgers模型参数。 相似文献
6.
为研究膨胀土非线性流变,取水泥改良膨胀土样进行长期一维压缩试验,得到了改良膨胀土在不同应力水平下的应力-应变等时曲线簇。将曲线反映的非线性流变分解为线性黏弹性蠕变变形、线性黏塑性蠕变变形和非线性黏塑性蠕变变形三部分。基于模型理论和遗传蠕变理论建立了各部分流变模型,其中在线性黏弹性蠕变变形和线性黏塑性蠕变变形部分采用模型理论建立元件模型,在非线性黏塑性蠕变变形部分运用遗传蠕变理论建立积分蠕变方程,结合试验数据拟合出材料和方程参数,用该模型得到的蠕变曲线与实测结果能较好吻合。 相似文献
7.
为研究膨胀土非线性流变,取水泥改良膨胀土样进行长期一维压缩试验,得到了改良膨胀土在不同应力水平下的应力-应变等时曲线簇。将曲线反映的非线性流变分解为线性黏弹性蠕变变形、线性黏塑性蠕变变形和非线性黏塑性蠕变变形三部分。基于模型理论和遗传蠕变理论建立了各部分流变模型,其中在线性黏弹性蠕变变形和线性黏塑性蠕变变形部分采用模型理论建立元件模型,在非线性黏塑性蠕变变形部分运用遗传蠕变理论建立积分蠕变方程,结合试验数据拟合出材料和方程参数,用该模型得到的蠕变曲线与实测结果能较好吻合。 相似文献
8.
为了解节理对泥质粉砂岩卸荷流变规律的影响,进行了同起始围压,不同应力水平下的节理泥质粉砂岩分级卸荷流变试验。首先,详细介绍了节理试样的预制方法及卸荷流变试验的过程,然后,研究了节理试样在不同应力水平作用下的轴向及侧向流变应变变化规律,得出节理倾角为0°的试样轴向及侧向流变应变随围压降低的增大趋势最陡,节理倾角为60°的试样其次,节理倾角为40°的试样最缓。同时,分析了节理对轴向及侧向流变速率变化趋势的影响,探讨了不同倾角节理试样的卸荷流变破裂机制。研究结果较为全面地掌握了节理泥质粉砂岩的卸荷流变基本规律,为进一步建立节理岩体的流变本构模型及参数辨识提供了可靠依据。 相似文献
9.
为了更准确地描述膨胀土应力松弛的力学特性,应用分数阶微积分理论构造的软体元件取代传统元件模型中的理想黏滞元件,并考虑黏滞系数的损伤劣化,建立了可以更加准确地反映南宁膨胀土非线性应力松弛特性的三元件模型。通过一系列室内试验研究,探索了在不同含水率条件下南宁膨胀土的应力松弛规律,并根据对试验结果的分析,确定了相关的模型参数,得到了膨胀土在不同含水率条件下的应力松弛方程。与整数阶西原模型和整数阶St.Venant模型进行对比,其结果表明所提出的改进模型能更有效地模拟膨胀土应力松弛的全过程,且模型具有结构简单、计算参数少、计算精度高和便于实际应用等优点。研究结果为膨胀土在长期荷载作用下的应力松弛分析提供了理论基础。 相似文献
10.
ZHOUXiang 《水文地质工程地质》2017,(1):84-90
为探讨三向应力状态下不同泥质胶结物含量砂岩渗透力学性能的异同,对泥质含量分别为4%、15%、24%、31%的4组不同泥质含量砂岩进行了三轴压缩渗透试验。试验结果表明:砂岩的强度和弹性模量随着泥质胶结物的增加呈幂函数型减小,随围压的升高而增大,内摩擦角和黏聚力随含泥量增加而逐渐减小;相同围压和泥质含量下,渗透性随加载应力的增大呈先减小后增大、再略微减小的整体趋势,渗透系数在峰值应力附近达到最大值;相同围压和偏应力下,渗透系数随泥质胶结物含量的升高而呈线性减小;同等泥质含量和偏应力下,砂岩的渗透性随围压的升高呈对数型函数减小。基于试验结果,分析得到了一种综合考虑围压、孔隙度以及泥质含量影响的砂岩综合渗透模型,并通过理论与试验数据对比分析验证了模型的合理性。 相似文献
11.
This paper presents a three-dimensional elastic viscoplastic model that can describe the time-dependent behaviors of soft clays. The constitutive model is formulated based on the nonstationary flow surface theory and incorporates new developments, including (i) an improved definition of the nonstationary flow surface that is capable of capturing the stress–strain behaviors under different loading paths, (ii) a unique stress–strain—viscoplastic-strain-rate equation that is able to explicitly describe the nonstationary flow surface, and (iii) a final stable state concept that identifies the final equilibrium state at the end of creep and stress relaxation, which is also used to simplify the loading criteria. The consistency condition is validated for the proposed model, and the viscoplastic multipliers are calculated by solving the consistency equations. The model performance is investigated and validated via simulation of both oedometer and triaxial tests. The numerical results demonstrate that the proposed model is able to reproduce the main viscoplastic behaviors of soils, including creep, undrained creep rupture, stress relaxation, rate effect and accumulated effect. 相似文献
12.
In this paper, the onset of mechanical instability in time‐sensitive elasto‐viscoplastic solids is theoretically analyzed at the constitutive level and associated with the occurrence of ‘spontaneous accelerations’ under stationary external perturbations. For this purpose, a second‐order form of Perzyna's constitutive equations is first derived by time differentiation, and a sufficient stability condition is identified for general mixed loading programs. These loading conditions are in fact the most general in both laboratory tests and real boundary value problems, where a combination of certain stress and strain components is known/prescribed. The theoretical analysis leads to find precise stability limits in terms of material hardening modulus. In the case of constitutive relationships with isotropic strain‐hardening, no instabilities are possible while the hardening modulus is larger than the so‐called ‘controllability modulus’ defined for (inviscid) elasto‐plastic materials. It is also shown that the current stress/strain rate may also directly influence the occurrence of elasto‐viscoplastic instability, which is at variance with elasto‐plastic inviscid media. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
13.
为了描述天然软土的时间相依以及结构性特征,提出了一种能考虑土体超固结和结构性的实用弹黏塑性本构模型。它以Asaoka和Hashiguchi的上下负荷面作为某一应变速率下的参考屈服面,按照相对过应力的基本思路,新引入了两个能通过不同应变速率三轴压缩试验测定的率敏性参数 和 ,建立了以当前应力、黏塑性应变以及黏塑性应变速率为状态变量的动屈服准则函数,并给出了基于Newton-Raphson迭代的应力积分算法,且成功地将其嵌入到大型有限元软件ABAQUS中。最终通过数值算例来验证模型的正确性以及应力积分算法的可靠性。结果表明：该模型能同时描述土体的率敏性、蠕变以及结构性特征,模型参数物理意义明确、易懂可测,预测结果与试验数据吻合良好,可用于复杂边值问题的有限元计算。 相似文献
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15.
Mazouz El Hadi Hamimed Messaoud Yahiaoui Abdelouahab Benzagouta Mohamed Said Khodja Mohamed Achi Nada Duplay Joëlle 《Arabian Journal of Geosciences》2020,13(9):1-11
The creep property of rock under cyclic loading is very important in civil engineering. In order to establish a novel constitutive equation for rock under cyclic loading, a fractional-order viscoplastic body under cyclic loading was constructed based on fractional-order viscous element. A fractional-order visco-elastoplastic model (FVEPM) for rock was established by connecting constructed fractional-order viscoplastic body with Burgers model. The model was a Burgers model when the maximum value of cyclic loading was less than the critical strength of rock; otherwise, it was a FVEPM which can be used to reflect the transient, steady-state, and tertiary creep phases of rock. The cyclic loading was decomposed into a static load and a cyclic loading with a zero average stress. According to rheological mechanics theory, the rheology constitutive equation of rock under the static load can be derived. According to viscoelastic mechanics theory, the constitutive equation under cyclic loading with a zero average stress was established by introducing the variation parameters of energy storage and energy dissipation compliance caused by rock damage and fracture. Finally, a new dynamic constitutive equation of rock cyclic loading can be obtained by superimposing the constitutive equation under static load and cyclic loading with a zero average stress. Compared with existing test results of rock under cyclic loading, the proposed constitutive model can be used to describe the creep characteristics of rock under cyclic loading and reflect the presented fluctuation of strain curve of rock under cyclic loading. 相似文献
16.
Rate‐dependent behaviour of chalk and other porous rocks has undergone widespread study in geomechanics due to its implications on the performance of engineering structures. We present a rate‐dependent constitutive model for chalk and other porous rocks with several new features. The model formulation is based on a viscoplastic rate‐lines approach in which the axial strain rate depends on the proximity of the stress point to an elliptical reference surface. A non‐associated viscoplastic potential surface and an axial scaling algorithm are used to determine the viscoplastic strain components. The model predicts that axial yields stress varies as a power function of applied axial strain rate, as shown by published laboratory data. Comparisons with published experimental data indicate that the model is capable of reproducing observed rate‐dependent behaviour of chalk under a variety of loading conditions. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
通过将Perzyna过应力理论与临界状态理论相结合,并引入Wheeler旋转硬化法则,提出一个能描述土体初始各向异性及应力诱发各向异性的三维弹黏塑性本构模型。模型考虑流变发生的下限,在三维应力空间,模型存在形状相似的静屈服面及动态加载面。采用缩放形式的幂函数。本构模型数值算法采用回映算法,借助ABAQUS软件UMAT子程序接口实现。并通过对三轴不排水蠕变试验的模拟,确定合适的积分步长。此后,分别对三轴不排水蠕变试验及常应变率三轴不排水剪切试验进行了模拟。模拟中通过设置不同参数值,可将模型退化为各向同性模型,并对这两种模拟结果进行了比较。模拟结果表明：(1) 对于三轴不排水蠕变,在低剪应力水平下,各向同性模型和各向异性模型模拟的结果相差不大,而在高剪应力水平下,各向异性模型模拟结果更接近试验结果;(2) 对于常应变率加载试验的模拟,模型合理反映了土体不排水强度随着加载速率的增大而增大现象。 相似文献
18.
Masoud K. Darabi Rashid K. Abu Al‐Rub Eyad A. Masad Dallas N. Little 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》2012,36(7):817-854
Based on the continuum damage mechanics, a general and comprehensive thermodynamic‐based framework for coupling the temperature‐dependent viscoelastic, viscoplastic, and viscodamage behaviors of bituminous materials is presented. This general framework derives systematically Schapery‐type nonlinear viscoelasticity, Perzyna‐type viscoplasticity, and a viscodamage model analogous to the Perzyna‐type viscoplasticity. The resulting constitutive equations are implemented in the well‐known finite element code Abaqus via the user material subroutine UMAT. A systematic procedure for identifying the model parameters is discussed. Finally, the model is validated by comparing the model predictions with a comprehensive set of experimental data on hot mix asphalt that include creep‐recovery, creep, uniaxial constant strain rate, and repeated creep‐recovery tests in both tension and compression over a range of temperatures, stress levels, and strain rates. Comparisons between model predictions and experimental measurements show that the presented constitutive model is capable of predicting the nonlinear behavior of asphaltic mixes under different loading conditions. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
19.
F. Oka 《Computers and Geotechnics》1985,1(1):59-69
A general elasto/viscoplastic constitutive equation of a material with memory and internal variables is proposed based on the concept of generalized simple body. The proposed theory can describe not only such rate-dependent behaviours as primary and secondary creep, but also accelerating (teritary) creep, in which strain rate increases under constant stress. The application of the proposed theory to elasto/viscoplastic material in uniaxial condition is given and numerically analyzed with respect to strain rate effect. 相似文献