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1.
《矿物岩石地球化学通报》2016,(6)
古太平洋起源于泛大洋,为晚古生代-早中生代环绕泛大陆的全球性大洋。随着古特提斯洋盆的关闭和泛大陆的裂解,逐渐形成了古太平洋板块,以及大西洋、北冰洋和印度洋板块等等。本文综合了近年来这方面的研究进展,提出古太平洋板块(或伊佐柰琦板块)向东北亚大陆边缘的俯冲作用始于早侏罗世,俯冲带逐渐由西向东迁移,其中夹杂着微陆块或地体,构成了多岛洋的构造格局。 相似文献
2.
全球中、新生代大地构造编图是全球构造理论研究的基础和切入点,本文介绍了该图编制思路与方法、数据来源和大地构造区划,并以地球圈层构造为主线,讨论了全球中生代以来水平构造和全球垂向圈层之间的衔接关系,认为大洋中脊和环太平洋边缘俯冲带通过印度洋、北冰洋、特提斯构造域以及南极洲板块发生构造衔接和转换。南极洲板块周缘被洋中脊环绕,并衔接了全球洋中脊在地球南部的离散运动。结合构造赤道理论,分析了全球不同构造背景下的构造单元之间的关系,认为构造赤道是中生代以来全球构造体制大规模调整的产物。在此基础上,从泛大陆裂解,洋陆关系的角度探讨了中、新生代的全球构造演化。 相似文献
3.
在《印度洋底大地构造图》的基础上,分析了印度洋盆构造格局和洋盆演化重大事件序列,并从印度洋盆初始裂解机制、扩张中心跃迁与热点作用、洋中脊扩展作用等方面讨论了印度洋盆的张开过程,提出以下几点认识:(1)现今印度洋洋中脊可分为两个系统:东南印度洋中脊-中印度洋中脊-卡斯伯格洋脊系统(东支)和西南印度洋中脊系统(西支),前者是太平洋洋中脊扩展作用的产物,后者是太平洋-东南印度洋中脊与大西洋中脊之间构造调节的产物;(2)印度洋盆最初裂解受地幔柱垂向挤压-水平伸展作用控制,沿前寒武造山带等地壳薄弱带发育;(3)印度洋盆经历两次扩张中心的跃迁,其趋向性跃迁方向与热点相对板块的运动方向具有一致性,显示两者存在内在联系。(4)大西洋和太平洋洋中脊在印度洋交汇,于古近纪连通,末端伴随陆块持续发生碎裂化、裂解化,可称为鱼尾构造模式,表明印度洋盆衔接和调节了三大洋盆的发育和演化过程,具有全球洋盆枢纽的关键意义。 相似文献
4.
东特提斯多弧一盆系统演化模式 总被引：11，自引：1，他引：10
自70年代以来,以板块构造观点分析特提斯演化已有三种模式,即"剪刀张"、"传送带"和"手风琴运动与开合"模式。所有这些模式都是以一个联合古陆的形成和特提斯是泛大洋(古太平洋)中一个海湾的假设为前提,或以冈瓦纳大陆裂离、亚洲大陆增生为基点。随着对东特提斯(以青藏高原地区为主体)地质构造演化的认识深化,特提斯演化、造山作用的解释由两陆(劳亚和冈瓦纳)一洋(特提斯)模式转变为三陆群(劳亚、冈瓦纳、泛华夏)二洋(特提斯和古亚洲)的特提斯多弧-盆系统洋陆转换演化模式,即多岛弧造山模式。这一多岛孤造山模式源自大陆地质,尤其是在中国西部造山带、盆地长期的地质考察研究实践。
运用多岛弧造山模式,反思青藏高原及邻区山盆系统的地质事实,深刻认识到在东特提斯发现的许多由消减洋壳和消减杂岩所组成的蛇绿混杂岩带中,"三位一体"的蛇绿岩多数是"小洋盆"、弧后盆地、岛弧边缘海型,既存在早古生代岛弧、陆缘弧和晚古生代的火山孤,又有中生代的陆缘弧、岛弧。多岛弧-盆系统的存在意味着大洋岩石圈的存在、消减和转换。特提斯大洋岩石圈至少从古生代到中生代历经发生、发展到萎缩、消亡的长期连续的复杂的演化过程。古特提斯是原特提斯的继承和发展。中生代东特提斯也不是古特提斯洋消亡后重新打开,有部分特提斯洋壳可被随后的印度洋归并。
早古生代时,在泛华夏大陆群西侧已经出现昆仑前锋弧和康滇海岸山陆缘弧。昆仑北侧奥陶纪时的多岛弧-盆系统的形成,受原特提斯洋和古亚洲洋双重制约,类似于东南亚多岛弧-盆系受控于印度洋和太平洋双向俯冲。
从昆仑前锋弧和康滇陆缘弧裂离出的唐古拉-他念他翁残余弧构成泛华夏大陆西南缘的晚古生代前锋弧,羌塘-三江的晚古生代到中生代是弧后扩张、多岛弧-盆系统发育、弧-弧碰撞、弧-陆碰撞的演化史。
特提斯洋南侧的冈瓦纳大陆北缘,已有证据表明存在从石炭纪开始转化为活动大陆边缘的信息。中生代是西藏群岛的弧-盆演化史。
根据东特提斯时空结构单元的岩石组合和弧-盆系统共生规律,提出东特提斯演化多岛弧造山模式的假说,是阐明大洋岩石圈向大陆岩石圈构造体制转化的关键。我们相信多岛弧造山模式具有潜在的生命力。 相似文献
运用多岛弧造山模式,反思青藏高原及邻区山盆系统的地质事实,深刻认识到在东特提斯发现的许多由消减洋壳和消减杂岩所组成的蛇绿混杂岩带中,"三位一体"的蛇绿岩多数是"小洋盆"、弧后盆地、岛弧边缘海型,既存在早古生代岛弧、陆缘弧和晚古生代的火山孤,又有中生代的陆缘弧、岛弧。多岛弧-盆系统的存在意味着大洋岩石圈的存在、消减和转换。特提斯大洋岩石圈至少从古生代到中生代历经发生、发展到萎缩、消亡的长期连续的复杂的演化过程。古特提斯是原特提斯的继承和发展。中生代东特提斯也不是古特提斯洋消亡后重新打开,有部分特提斯洋壳可被随后的印度洋归并。
早古生代时,在泛华夏大陆群西侧已经出现昆仑前锋弧和康滇海岸山陆缘弧。昆仑北侧奥陶纪时的多岛弧-盆系统的形成,受原特提斯洋和古亚洲洋双重制约,类似于东南亚多岛弧-盆系受控于印度洋和太平洋双向俯冲。
从昆仑前锋弧和康滇陆缘弧裂离出的唐古拉-他念他翁残余弧构成泛华夏大陆西南缘的晚古生代前锋弧,羌塘-三江的晚古生代到中生代是弧后扩张、多岛弧-盆系统发育、弧-弧碰撞、弧-陆碰撞的演化史。
特提斯洋南侧的冈瓦纳大陆北缘,已有证据表明存在从石炭纪开始转化为活动大陆边缘的信息。中生代是西藏群岛的弧-盆演化史。
根据东特提斯时空结构单元的岩石组合和弧-盆系统共生规律,提出东特提斯演化多岛弧造山模式的假说,是阐明大洋岩石圈向大陆岩石圈构造体制转化的关键。我们相信多岛弧造山模式具有潜在的生命力。 相似文献
5.
中国的全球构造位置和地球动力系统 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
现今之中国位于亚洲大陆东南部,西太平洋活动带中段;在全球板块构造图上,中国位于欧亚板块的东南部,南为印度板块,东为太平洋板块和菲律宾海板块。地质历史上,以中朝、扬子、塔里木等小克拉通为标志的中国主体属于冈瓦纳和西伯利亚两个大陆之间的转换(互换)构造域:古生代时期,位于古亚洲洋之南,属冈瓦纳结构复杂的大陆边缘;中生代阶段,位于特提斯之北,属劳亚大陆的一部分。显生宙中国大地构造演化依次受古亚洲洋、特提斯-古太平洋、太平洋-印度洋三大动力体系之控制,形成古亚洲洋、特提斯和太平洋三大构造域。不论古亚洲洋,还是特提斯,都不是结构简单的大洋盆地,而是由一系列海底裂谷带(小洋盆带)和众多微陆块组合而成的结构复杂的洋盆体系。加之中、新生代的太平洋构造域和特提斯构造域叠加在古生代的古亚洲洋构造域之上,使中国地质构造图像在二维平面上呈现镶嵌构造,在三维空间上呈现立交桥式结构,使中国不仅是亚洲,也是全球构造最复杂的一个区域。不同阶段的地球动力体系在中国的叠加、复合,使多旋回构造-岩浆和成矿作用成为中国地质最突出的特征。因而中国的造山带大多是多旋回复合造山带,成矿(区)带大多是多旋回复合成矿(区)带,大型含油气盆地大多是多旋回叠合盆地。 相似文献
6.
在编制1∶50万山东省大地构造相图基础上,通过对大地构造相研究显示：胶东微地块是经多期增生和碰撞而形成的,其漫长的板块构造演化明显具有阶段性。侏罗纪是该区板块构造演化史上的一个重要转换期,构造演化由原来的南、北分异转变为东、西分异,胶东地区NE向新生构造起了主要作用。胶东地区中生代有2次重要的碰撞造山事件,印支造山作用主要表现为扬子板块向华北板块俯冲,形成苏鲁高压-超高压变质带及同造山花岗岩及后造山高碱正长岩;燕山造山作用的大陆动力学环境起源于中亚-特提斯构造域向滨太平洋构造域转化和太平洋板块的俯冲,在胶东地区表现为3次造山和3次伸展。晚侏罗世造山早期玲珑片麻状花岗岩组合是区域构造挤压导致地壳增厚引起地壳重熔的产物,代表了大陆弧花岗岩特征;早白垩世造山中期郭家岭花岗闪长岩-花岗岩组合代表了造山期大陆弧花岗岩的特点;造山晚期伟德山闪长岩-花岗闪长岩-花岗岩组合表现为大陆弧花岗岩,后造山A型崂山晶洞过碱性碱长花岗岩-正长花岗岩组合为大陆造陆隆升花岗岩与后造山花岗岩,代表燕山构造的结束。胶东地区构造-岩浆事件和金矿成矿作用受控于特提斯、古亚洲洋和太平洋三大构造域的相互作用,金矿形成的动力学背景是中生代构造体制转折和岩石圈减薄,起因与太平洋板块向华北板块的俯冲机制有关。 相似文献
7.
大洋岛弧的前世今生 总被引：2，自引：2，他引：0
根据板块构造理论,板块的边界是地质作用最为强烈的地区,因而它们是当今固体地球科学研究的重点。依据应力性质的不同,地球上板块的边界类型有扩张的洋中脊、汇聚的俯冲带和调节板块运动差异的转换断层三种。就汇聚型板块边界而言,它又可进一步划分为洋-洋俯冲的大洋或洋内岛弧带(Intra-oceanic arc)、洋-陆俯冲的安第斯型活动大陆边缘带和陆-陆接触的大陆碰撞带三种。相对而言,大洋岛弧的研究程度最低。传统认为最典型的大洋岛弧——日本诸岛,已不再被认为是洋-洋俯冲的产物,因为已有研究显示它是从亚洲大陆裂解的碎块。根据目前的调查,现今的大洋岛弧主要集中在西太平洋地区,以太平洋与菲律宾板块间的Izu-Bonin-Mariana弧和太平洋-澳大利亚间的西南太平洋岛弧为代表。大洋岛弧研究的最重要问题是,洋洋之间如何产生了俯冲。目前多倾向于认为:大洋中的转换断层可使不同时代的大洋岩石圈相互接触,在这种情况下,较老的岩石圈由于冷却时间较长而密度相对较大,因而可下沉而俯冲到较年轻的岩石圈之下。这一模型也被誉为蛇绿岩形成的初始俯冲定律(Subduction Initial Rule,简称SIR)。但存在的问题是,目前全球还没发现有转换断层转变为俯冲带的实例。更何况,全球大洋中发育如此众多的转换断层,但为何只在西太平洋发育大洋岛弧?本文通过对资料的总结还发现,这些大洋岛弧基本都是从亚洲或者澳大利亚大陆东部边缘裂解的碎块,只是后期的弧后扩张作用使裂解的碎块发生强烈的改造,形成具有类似大洋岩石圈的特点。目前提出的洋-洋自发形成俯冲带的模型并没有理论基础,也没有实际地质事实的支持。但在加勒比海、斯科舍海和阿留申地区,大洋岛弧的出现与洋底高原诱发的俯冲带跃迁或俯冲极性反转有关。因此,板块构造理论中的洋洋初始俯冲模式需要进一步资料的验证。 相似文献
8.
重点分析和总结了由显生宙增生复合体和造山带混杂岩重建的年轻造山带洋板块地层--太平洋洋板块地层,也简要介绍了东古印度洋(东新特提斯洋)和古亚洲洋洋板块地层的重建情况。通过对阿拉斯加南部中生代增生地体、俄罗斯远东和中国东北侏罗纪-早白垩世增生复合体、日本二叠纪-侏罗纪-白垩纪等不同时期的增生复合体、菲律宾侏罗纪增生复合体和美国加州海岸山脉中侏罗世-古新世弗朗西斯卡杂岩体等不同单元的岩石学特征、古生物地层学、年代地层学、因逆冲导致的构造叠置和混杂失序特征及演化阶段的分析,重建了太平洋洋板块地层。其中加州海岸山脉中侏罗世-古新世弗朗西斯卡杂岩体的研究比较深入,对该区俯冲带上叠蛇绿岩(大峡谷群弧前盆地蛇绿岩)和弗朗西斯卡北部马林海岬杂岩体(原岩为洋中脊玄武岩)进行了有效区分,不仅还原了太平洋板块的俯冲碰撞过程,还厘清了与之伴生的弧前盆地裂陷和扩张过程。另外,板块俯冲的滞留和幕式增生在活动时间较短的板块俯冲体系中可能不容易识别。 相似文献
9.
特提斯最初是指欧亚大陆南缘的古海洋，后逐渐引申出从元古宙、古生代到中生代的一系列位于劳亚大陆与冈瓦纳大陆之间的古大洋，如原特提斯洋、古特提斯洋和新特提斯洋，不同大洋在时间上前后交叠。如今横亘在冈瓦纳大陆(南极洲)和欧亚大陆之间的是印度洋，是新特提斯洋的继承者，可以另称为“全新特提斯洋”。这一概念的引申直接体现了印度洋与特提斯构造域一脉相承的关系，有助于将今论古、由此及彼，更直观地了解特提斯构造域的演化过程。本文按时间序列梳理了印度洋的大地构造演化和岩浆作用过程，识别了印度洋在155 Ma、120 Ma、90~84 Ma、76 Ma、65 Ma、52 Ma、45 Ma、38 Ma等关键时期的异常海底扩张记录，这些扩张事件将为标定新特提斯构造域的演化提供参照。其中155 Ma可能指示了新特提斯洋的鼎盛期，90 Ma指示了新特提斯洋的洋中脊俯冲，76~52 Ma是非洲- 阿拉伯大陆与欧亚大陆初始碰撞- 主碰撞(即新特提斯洋西部关闭)的时期，65~45 Ma是印度次大陆与欧亚大陆初始碰撞- 主碰撞(即新特提斯洋中部关闭)的时期，38 Ma是澳大利亚北部大洋开始净俯冲(即新提斯洋东部开始消减)的时间。印度洋扩张历史的研究为理解新特提斯洋消亡提供参考标尺。站在“后方”印度洋的角度，可以更清晰地透视“前线”特提斯构造域的演化过程，为理解板块构造活动规律提供支撑。 相似文献
10.
在全球板块构造格局中,中国大陆位于欧亚板块的东南部,东邻俯冲的太平洋板块及其俯冲带,南接印度板块及与欧亚板块的碰撞造山带,处于欧亚板块、印度板块和太平洋板块三大板块交汇的特殊区域,构成了中国独特的地球动力学背景,制约着中国大陆中新生代以来的板块运动和板内构造作用.中国大陆中东部地区可划分为三大基本构造单元:华北陆块、扬子陆块及其之间的秦岭一大别造山带.地史上,受加里东-海西期俯冲-碰撞作用,致使扬子大陆被动陆缘在地幔热流上涌时引发南秦岭陆缘裂谷作用,继而在古特提斯扩张叠加下勉略洋扩张打开,并直接造成南秦岭陆内地壳伸展及断陷盆地形成.除在古生代沉积建造中酿造多种类型的含矿岩系外,重要的是在断陷盆地中形成一大批超大、大、中小型热水沉积型层控铅锌矿床.硅质岩是造山带中分布较为广泛的岩石类型之一,在秦岭地区也同样广泛发育,并且与矿床有着非常密切的关系. 相似文献
11.
K. S. Krishna D. Gopala Rao L. V. Subba Raju A. K. Chaubey V. S. Shcherbakov A. I. Pilipenko I. V. Radhakrishna Murthy 《Journal of Earth System Science》1999,108(4):255-267
Investigations of three plausible tectonic settings of the Kerguelen hotspot relative to the Wharton spreading center evoke
the on-spreading-axis hotspot volcanism of Paleocene (60-54 Ma) age along the Ninetyeast Ridge. The hypothesis is consistent
with magnetic lineations and abandoned spreading centers of the eastern Indian Ocean and seismic structure and radiometric
dates of the Ninetyeast Ridge. Furthermore, it is supported by the occurrence of oceanic andesites at Deep Sea Drilling Project
(DSDP) Site 214, isotopically heterogeneous basalts at Ocean Drilling Program (ODP) Site 757 of approximately the same age
(59-58 Ma) at both sites. Intermix basalts generated by plume-mid-ocean ridge (MOR) interaction, exist between 11° and 17°S
along the Ninetyeast Ridge. A comparison of age profile along the Ninetyeast Ridge between ODP Sites 758 (82 Ma) and 756 (43
Ma) with similarly aged oceanic crust in the Central Indian Basin and Wharton Basin reveals the existence of extra oceanic
crust spanning 11° latitude beneath the Ninetyeast Ridge. The extra crust is attributed to the transfer of lithospheric blocks
from the Antarctic plate to the Indian plate through a series of southward ridge jumps at about 65, 54 and 42 Ma. Emplacement
of volcanic rocks on the extra crust resulted from rapid northward motion (absolute) of the Indian plate. The Ninetyeast Ridge
was originated when the spreading centers of the Wharton Ridge were absolutely moving northward with respect to a relatively
stationary Kerguelen hotspot with multiple southward ridge jumps. In the process, the spreading center coincided with the
Kerguelen hotspot and took place on-spreading-axis volcanism along the Ninetyeast Ridge. 相似文献
12.
Eric P. Kuijpers 《Tectonophysics》1980,68(3-4)
Costa Rica forms part of an intra-oceanic arc between the Pacific and Caribbean oceans; the Nicoya Ophiolite Complex is located along its Pacific border. In this study, evidence is given that the Nicoya Complex is composed of ridge-formed oceanic crust that suffered a strong compressional stress during Late Santonian times. As a result of this, isoclinal folding and large-scale nappe emplacement occurred at a shallow crustal depth. The principal component of this compressional stress was E-W-directed. It is also demonstrated that, from this time, the complex was situated between a subducting plate and a volcanic arc. From that Campanian until the Middle Eocene the zone was undulated, and generally at a great depth below sea level. During the Eocene—Oligocene epoch a new tectonic stress affected the area. It produced open folding with upthrusting in the ophiolite complex and overthrust folding of the overlying rock series. As a result of crustal thickening during this tectonic phase, the area was uplifted. From Miocene times, the zone was shaped into a dome and a synform. These undulations are attributed to compression of the subducting Coco Plate, west of the area.The Upper Santonian tectonic phase demonstrates how compressional stress produced the break-up of the Caribo-Pacific plate west of the study area, as a result of which, a Caribbean plate without an associated oceanic ridge and a Pacific plate originated. The compressional stress in question was presumably generated by the opposed spreading directions of the new Mid-Atlantic Ridge and an older ridge to the west of the study area.Furthermore, it is argued that the Cretaceous obduction of the ophiolite belt along the Pacific coast of the American continents, was produced by the directional change of these continents during the birth of the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. This created intra-plate compressional stress and converted originally passive continental margins into active zones, where thrusting of oceanic crust on to a continental margin (obduction) could occur. When the Mid-Atlantic Ridge started spreading, the obduction phase ended due to subduction of the oceanic plate below the leading edge of the continent. 相似文献
13.
任何板块都存在一个由小长大的过程。微地块(微板块)有时是大板块的前身,微地块的起源、生长、夭折、消亡和残留过程对研究板块构造具有重要意义。据其组成,微地块可划分为微陆块、微洋块、微幔块。本文以太平洋、印度洋和大西洋中的微地块为例,系统总结了洋脊增生系统、俯冲消减系统、深海板内系统、伸展裂解系统、碰撞造山系统5种构造环境下的微地块特征,并据此首次进行了成因分类,提出拆离微地块、裂生微地块、转换微地块、延生微地块、跃生微地块、残生微地块、增生微地块、碰生微地块和拆沉微幔块9种类型。对不同类型微地块边界进行了系统界定,并对其成因进行了系统讨论。这些微地块边界类型,包括活动的或死亡的拆离断层、俯冲带、洋中脊、转换断层、破碎带、切割岩石圈的断裂、假断层、洋内汇聚带、叠接扩张中心、非叠接扩张中心、洋脊断错等,其成因的关键研究在于对三节点稳定性进行分析。洋内或洋缘微地块研究,不仅为开展深海大洋精细化构造分析和板块重建工作提供参考,而且对解释大陆内部一些微地块成因具有启发性,可丰富大陆造山带、陆内、板内、幔内和陆缘构造的研究内容,使得造山带演化、板内变形和地幔过程研究更为精细化,甚至推广到早前寒武纪的前板块构造机制研究。 相似文献
14.
西北印度洋的洋脊系统目前以"中印度洋脊"和"卡尔斯伯格脊"分别指示南北两段,两者的分界点被认为是澳大利亚板块与印度板块的板块边界与洋脊的交点,但具体分布位置不明确.基于已有的地质、地球物理和地球化学等多方面特征,认为卡尔斯伯格脊和中印度洋脊可以统一称为"西北印度洋脊",从罗德里格斯三联点一直延伸到欧文断裂带.新的洋脊厘定将有助于更全面地了解整个西北印度洋的洋脊演化和地球动力学过程.西北印度洋脊地形上南北两端断裂较少,中间断层密集,形似吸管的弯折部位,调节洋脊的转向.重力异常显示沿脊轴方向两端高中间低的特征,表明两端岩浆供给相对充足,而中间断层密集区岩浆量少.磁异常特征显示清晰的分带性,指示多阶段的洋脊扩张历史.岩石地球化学特征显示南北两个同位素相对富集洋脊段,可能与热点作用相关,或与残留岩石圈或地壳物质对亏损软流圈地幔的富集改造有关. 相似文献
15.
Vincent S. Cronin 《Tectonophysics》1994,230(3-4):151-159
Intuition suggests that all points on the same mid-ocean ridge should rotate around the relative pole of the two-plate system at the same instantaneous angular velocity. Contrary to intuition, the instantaneous angular velocity of a ridge varies from one point to another along the ridge, given the general case in which two plates move around different plate-specific poles of rotation. The variation in the instantaneous angular velocity of a ridge is a function of the motion characteristics of the plates and the position of the ridge relative to the poles of plate motion. The length or orientation of individual ridge segments is predicted to vary over time, leading to local changes in the shape of the ridge. The gradient in instantaneous angular velocity for the fast-spreading East Pacific Ridge, between the Cocos and Pacific plates, is an order of magnitude greater than the gradient along the Mid-Atlantic Ridge, between the North American and African plates. This great contrast in ridge instantaneous velocity gradients may be reflected in the contrasting ridge geometries of the East Pacific and Mid-Atlantic Ridges. 相似文献
16.
The structural elements on the shallow (Sunda Shelf) and deep seas of east and south—east Asia are interpreted as the result of past interaction between lithospheric plates. During the Mesozoic the western Pacific Ocean and the eastern Indian Ocean were parts of the Tethys Sea and were moving to the north relative to Antarctica. A Mesozoic ridge system trending east—west produced east—west trending magnetic anomalies throughout the entire area. The ridge system was bisected by large north—south transform faults which divided the eastern Indian Ocean—western Pacific Ocean into sub-plates traveling at different speeds. The Mesozoic evolution of the Sunda Shelf and the deep seas resulted from such horizontal differential movement in a north—south direction. During Late Cretaceous—Eocene the various segments of the spreading ridge gradually submerged beneath the deep sea trenches to the north, causing a gradual change in the direction of motion of the Pacific plate. The change in motion of the Pacific plate resulted in the separation between the Pacific and the eastern Indian Ocean plates, the formation of large northeast—southwest tectonic elements on the Sunda Shelf and elsewhere in south—east Asia, the formation of the western Philippine Basin and the rapid northward motion of Australia. The only remnant of the Mesozoic ridge system exists today at the western Philippine Basin. 相似文献
17.
Zheng-Gang Li Yan-Hui Dong Ji-Qiang Liu Ling Chen 《International Geology Review》2015,57(5-8):978-997
Seamounts are an integral part of element recycling in global subduction zones. The published trace element and Pb-Sr-Nd isotope data for basaltic lavas from three key segments (Central Lau Spreading Ridge (CLSR), Eastern Lau Spreading Ridge (ELSR), and Valu Fa Ridge (VFR)) of the Lau back-arc basin were compiled to evaluate the contribution of Louisville seamount materials to their magma genesis. Two geochemical transitions, separating three provinces with distinct geochemical characteristics independent of ridge segmentation, were identified based on abrupt geochemical shifts. The origin of the geochemical transitions was determined to be the result of drastic compositional changes of subduction components added into the mantle source, rather than the transition from Indian to Pacific mid-ocean ridge basalt (MORB) mantle, or due to variable mantle fertilities. The most likely explanation for the drastic shifts in subduction input is the superimposition of Louisville materials on ‘normal’ subduction components consisting predominantly of aqueous fluids liberated from the down-going altered oceanic crust and minor pelagic sediment melts. Quantitative estimation reveals that Louisville materials contributed 0–74% and 21–83% of the Th budget, respectively, to CLSR and VFR lavas, but had no definite contribution to the lavas from the ELSR, which lies farthest away from the subducted Louisville seamount chain (LSC). The spatial association of the subducted LSC with the Louisville-affected segments suggests that the Louisville signature is regionally but not locally available in the Tonga subduction zone. Besides, the preferential melting of subducted old Cretaceous LSC crust instead of the old normal Pacific oceanic crust at similar depths implies that elevated temperature across the subduction interface or seamount erosion and rupture were required to trigger melting. A wider implication of this study, thus, is that seamount subduction may promote efficiency of element recycling in subduction zones. 相似文献