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IntroductionEarthquake occurrence is resulted from the movement of the Earth's crust and the fr~re ofrock. It is a phenomenon of instability and self-organized criticality. It is possible that the phenomenon only occurs in non-linear syStem. As a pat of non-linear science, the fractal thatfounded by Mandelbrot in 1977 pioneered a new way tO solve inhomogeneous and complex phenomenon and offered a new tool. Some natural or social phenomena seem difficult to deal withbecause they are disordere… 相似文献
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华北地震时空多重分形的时间演化特征研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
应用分形理论,采用扩充数盒子方法EBA对华北地区1960~ 1982年发生的地震时间分布进行了多重分形谱计算。结果表明,在这期间该地区的几次较强地震在分形谱上都有明显的反映,强震年份的分形谱发生较大幅度变化,正q区Dq 值下降,负q区Dq 值上升,具有一定的预报意义。文中进而计算了几次较强地震的地震序列(1966年邢台、1969年渤海、1975年海城、1976年唐山)的空间多重分形谱,研究其随时间的演化现象,表明强震前后分形谱变动幅度较大,震群型地震序列和主震型地震序列的分形谱呈现出不同的变化趋势。 相似文献
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目前地震分形计算的方法很多,但各方法或多或少都存在一些问题．本文引入一种地震分形计算的新方法——最小生成树法（minimal spanning tree）,对其算法作了重要的修改,并通过对乌什、乌苏、唐山和海城4个区域震例的研究,得出大震前后地震时空分布多重分形谱由集中变疏张,反映了分形结构复杂性的增加、地震时空分布不均匀性的增加．由点集的数值模拟表明:强震前后多重分形谱变化的物理本质是地震分布由均一到不均一,由简单到复杂的变化过程． 相似文献
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地震波形的分形判别与特征提取 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
研究地震波的复杂性和它的自相似性以及计算地震道时间序列分数维等一系列特征问题,能得出地震波在复杂构造及断点位置的一系列特征,能轻易地实现地震道异常点的计算机自动拾取。对更深入地研究地震波和更准确地解释地震资料,会有很大的帮助。本文提出了计算地震道分数维的一般方法。实验表明地震道时间序列的分数维在异常点会具有不同的数值,其变化点能够定量指示出异常的准确位置。这对更精确的研究时间剖面上断点及不同地质构造变化有着非常重要的意义。 相似文献
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Discrimination of earthquakes and explosions using multi-fractal singularity spectrums properties 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
A new method of discrimination of seismic records from earthquakes and explosions is proposed which is based on using properties of their multi-fractal singularity spectrums. The efficiency of the method is illustrated by analysing seismic records from the region of Aswan Dam in Egypt. Current pattern of seismicity in the Upper Egypt is composed by three types of records: tectonic earthquakes, reservoir-induced earthquakes and seismic events generated by quarry blasts. To discriminate quarry blasts from earthquakes of both natures, multi-fractal analysis of records were used. Singularity spectrum support width and multi-fractal generalised Hurst exponents were calculated for all seismic events in the selected data set from a given area. The linear Bayesian discriminator using these characteristics of seismic records provides correct classification for 93 % of earthquakes records and for 99 % of quarry blasts records. 相似文献
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Seismicity pattern of the Betic Cordillera(southern Spain) derived from the fractal properties of earthquakes and faults 
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下载免费PDF全文 Several studies on earthquake occurrence and associated faulting have demonstrated that both phenomena have a scale-invariant behavior which can be analyzed by means of a set of non-integer dimensions(Dq) describing their fractal properties and the calculation of multi-fractal spectra.It is the case that the behavior of these spectra is asymptotic at the ends of the variation interval of q,which is a real number that enters into the definition of the partition function of the dataset.The difference between the extreme values,called multi-fractal spectrum slope,is used to investigate the heterogeneity of the spatial distribution of earthquakes and fault systems.In this paper we focus on the Betic Cordillera,southeastern Spain,which is commonly considered the contact between the Eurasian and African plates and has an important seismic activity in the context of the Iberian Peninsula.Some of the most conspicuous Iberian earthquakes,such as the 1829 mb6.3 Torrevieja and the 1884 mb6.1 Alhama de Granada earthquakes occurred in this mountain range and both reached intensity X.The present work implies a new analysis based on the slope of multi-fractal spectra and referred to the historical seismicity of the region,specifically b-value(frequency distribution of earthquakes respect to magnitude),epicentral location,seismic energy and faulting.On this basis we propose a seismotectonic zonation that is contrasted with the stress state and the geodynamical evolution of the Betic Cordillera. 相似文献
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系统研究了水胜地层前云南地区的各种前兆异常，发现：震前2个月水胜地区的断层面总面积、多分维、蠕变、地层活动频度熵、地层活动强度熵呈明显异常；层前1年滇西北为低温异常区和高雨量异常区；展前3年滇西北地区GPS测量存在明显的奇异水平运动异常和最大剪切应变异常；震前2．5年至数十天云南地区出现大量的定点前兆异常成团分布，尤以滇西北最为集中。经分析后认为，水胜6．0级地层的各种前兆异常是明显的，普通存在的；水胜6.0级地层的孕育时间为2．5年；目前云南地区仍存在3个孕震区(滇西北、小滇西、滇东南)，未来3年甚至更短时间内云南地区的6级地震可能发生在第3个孕展区——滇东南地区。 相似文献
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试论地下流体前兆复杂性及其机制 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
论述了地下流体地震前兆异常形态的多样性、空间分布的离散性、时间进程的不确定性、幅度的不规则性及其与地震关系的非确定性。同时从复杂的动力源、构造、水地质条件以及复杂的应力应变接收系统，讨论了地下流体前兆复杂性的机制。 相似文献
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Zhu Lingren Zhou Shiyong Yang Maling Hong Shizhong Gong Yuqing Wang Haitao 《中国地震研究》2000,14(4):338-347
At present,there are many methods of calculating seismic time-fractal.However,there isn’t aquantitative result about the precision of every method.So,in this Paper,we use the digitalimitation of theoretic model to solve precision estimate problems of calculating the precision ofone dimension distribution of theoretic models with Cantor multi-fractal set,we obtained someresults as follows:(1)There exists many problems such as rules,numbers of samples,basicpoint selection,the diffence resulted from different methods and so on.(2)The fixed-massmethod(MAS)and the minimal spanning tree method(MST)can give good structure charac-teristics with different q value,while the counting-boxes method can’t.And the error of thefixed-radius method(RAD)in the range of-q is too big.(3)There are scale problems of rulesfor multi-fractal,it is objective reflection for non-rule area.(4)MST has the boundary prob-lem,while MAS and RAD don’t.(5)With increasing sample number,the precision of allfractal-dimension values becomes 相似文献
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利用复杂性系数、频谱分析和小波变换方法处理了穿过张家口—渤海断裂带西缘的地震测深剖面的Pm波形资料,研究不同构造单元壳幔过渡带的多参数特征以及它们在岩石圈构造演化中的意义. 结果表明: 不同构造单元Pm波的复杂性系数和频谱特征有较大差异,内蒙地轴复杂性系数小,莫霍面具有明显的一级间断面特征,怀安—张北位于张家口—渤海断裂带的西缘,该区域Pm波复杂性系数大并且频谱为多极值,Moho面为复杂的壳幔过渡带. 利用小波分析和反射率理论地震图得到该壳幔过渡带由2～3层组成,总厚度约为6～9km,最大厚度位于怀安盆地下方. 该壳幔过渡带是大陆裂谷环境中底侵作用的产物,壳幔过渡带的分层特征与该区域中新生代的多期岩浆活动有密切联系. 相似文献
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提出一个新的带通滤波器——延拓回返垂直二次导数,该滤波器可通过调节延拓回返高度及次数来达到调频目的,以突出勘探目标层段的信息.利用该技术对松辽盆地深层勘探程度最高的徐家围子断陷的航磁资料进行目标处理,与钻井资料对比表明,经处理后的航磁资料可以较好地反映火山岩的分布特征.以航磁资料为主结合钻井、地震资料预测了徐家围子三套火山岩的平面分布.指出航磁异常梯度带是火山岩储层的发育区带,近烃源岩或沟通烃源岩的航磁异常梯度带是火山岩天然气的富集区带.该认识对今后松辽盆地的勘探部署有着十分重要的指导意义,对我国其他地区的火山岩勘探也具有借鉴意义. 相似文献
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中国东北地区位于西伯利亚和华北地块之间,中、新生代本区受西太平洋板块俯冲的影响,由于多期构造作用,导致地质构造形态极为复杂.本文通过分析航磁异常场,认识研究区的构造特征,并利用航磁异常数据的功率谱法反演居里等温面.航磁异常场和居里面分布特征均揭示研究区地质构造发展具有继承性;通过居里面起伏变化特征,并结合满-绥地学断面、及与大地热流分布的关系,讨论研究区地壳的热结构状态特点,结果显示居里面起伏趋势与软流圈起伏具明显的相关性;结合地震活动和地震层析成像研究,探讨了太平洋板块俯冲受阻引起岩浆和火山活动,进而导致居里面上隆的影响机制. 相似文献
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基于区域-时间-长度(RTL)算法,本文以汶川MS8.0、 于田MS7.3、 芦山MS7.0、 鲁甸MS6.5及景谷MS6.6地震为例, 对强震前地震活动异常空间分布与发震地点的关系进行分析, 并根据新提出的物理参数区域-时间-长度的面积分IRTL探索区域地震活动水平与地震发生时间的关系． 结果显示:3次MS≥7.0强震前均检测到地震活动平静, 2次MS＞6.0地震前均检测到地震活动增强, 这些地震活动平静和增强异常主要分布在震中及其附近潜在发震断裂带及周边, 异常范围和异常程度随时间由小到大再到小． MS≥7.0强震前, 地震活动平静主体区的IRTL曲线在震前1—3年从零值下降至低谷后回升,低谷点与地震发生的时间间隔为9—18个月; 鲁甸MS6.5和景谷MS6.6地震前, IRTL曲线分别在震前1年和1.8年由低值开始上升, 达到峰值后回落, 峰值点与地震发生的时间间隔分别为3个月和9个月． 本文结果表明, 地震活动平静的IRTL低谷点和地震活动增强的IRTL峰值点对地震发生可能有一定的指示意义． 相似文献
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In recent years there has been deep development in the use of techniquesto analyse the statistical properties of point process time series. Furthermoremany efforts have been made to establish robust methods to identify timeclustering structures in the temporal distribution of seismic events. In thispaper we intend to give a systematic review of some common usedtechniques to characterise the temporal properties of an earthquakesequence; we also present new methods, commonly used in other scientificfields, to reveal time clustering structures in a seismic sequence and toclearly identify non-poissonian behaviours at different time scales. Anapplication of these methods has been performed on the seismicity ofIrpinia-Basilicata area (Southern Italy). 相似文献
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According to the Region-Time-Length (RTL) algorithm,the analysis of seismicity changes prior to the 2014 Yunnan Jinggu MS6.6 earthquake was conducted by using the earthquake catalogues about 6 and 15 years before this earthquake,respectively.When the studied period was nearly 6 years,an enhancement of seismic activity was detected around the epicenter since the beginning of 2013.The anomalies mainly distributed in the region of 22.5°~24.5°N and 99°~102°E.The range and degree of anomalies changed from small to large,and then to small chronologically.As the surface integral in respect to RTL,the physical parameter IRTL,which could reflect the regional seismicity level,began to increase since August 2013,and then reduced after reaching the peak point.The time length from the peak point of IRTL curve to the earthquake occurrence was 9 months.When the analyzed catalogue was nearly 15 years,the 2007 Ninger MS6.4 occurred in the studied region.Seismicity quiescence was detected prior to the Ninger MS6.4.Before the Jinggu MS6.6,seismicity quiescence was detected firstly,and then enhanced activity was observed 1 year prior to the earthquake occurrence.The anomalies mainly distributed in the region of 22.5°~24.5°N and 99°~102°E.The time length from the peak point of IRTL curve to the earthquake occurrence was 7 months.The above study showed that even the earthquakes location was near and the magnitude was close to each other,a big difference in seismic activity before the earthquakes may exist.Before the Jinggu MS6.6,there was some difference in seismicity changes according to different beginning time of catalogues,but the distribution of anomalies and the time length from the peak point of IRTL to the earthquake occurrence were uniform.So there was an important significance for exploring the relationship between the distribution of anomalies and the earthquake location,and the relationship between the time of the peak point of IRTL and the earthquake occurrence time. 相似文献
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IntroductionClusteringearthquakesareusuallyconsideredasomensofstrongearthquakesorasignaloftectonicmovement.Thus,theyarenotonlyoneoftheprimaryevidencestopredictearthquakesbutalsoasignificantindicatortorecognizetectonicmovement(MEI,etal,1993;EarthquakePre-dictionandPreventionDepartmentofChinaSeismologicalBureau,1998).Ongeneralconditions,webelievethatclusteringearthquakesexistrelativelytobackgroundearthquakes,howtoeffectivelyseparateonefromtheotherbecomesthekeypointofextractingtheclusteringea… 相似文献
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丽江7.0级地震前地震波特征的时空演化过程 总被引：1，自引：3，他引：1
本论述了１９９６年２月３日丽江７．０级地震前洱源、腾冲两个地震台的多项地震波运动学和动力学异常及滇西北多台波速比异常的特征，探讨了其时空演化的动态变化过程。得出：在时间进程上，多项地震波突变特征均在震前一年左右的时间出现。其中，波速比在大震前的单点突变异常幅度为中强震的５倍之多；振幅比突变异常幅度约为中强震的３－５倍；尾波持续时间比则是在震前一年左右出现持续性的低值，时间尺度约为中强震异常时间的 相似文献
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卫星对地观测技术是全球范围内实时监测孕震区地震活动和震后应急救援的有力工具。过去的几十年里,不同种类的卫星观测数据被应用于地震遥感异常探测领域中,并逐渐开展了从单个震例分析,到普遍规律探索,再到内部机理研究的多方面探讨。但由于地球系统的复杂性和孕震过程的不确定性,地震遥感异常研究仍充满困难和挑战。本文利用文献计量分析方法,探究了现今国内外地震遥感异常研究的关注热点和趋势方向,认为目前对于地震遥感异常的研究已由单一参量发展为多参量联合分析阶段;通过3个前沿研究案例分析了常用的综合分析参量与异常分析方法,以及多参量之间的时空同步性关系,表明多参量遥感异常的结合研究和交叉验证是地震遥感异常研究中的重要手段,可以在未来地震前兆研究中发挥重要作用。 相似文献