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1.
Arvind Chandra Pandey Amit Kumar A. T. Jeyaseelan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2013,41(1):141-155
In the present study, the Cartosat-I digital elevation model (DEM) was utilized to deduce the vertical characteristics of Ranchi urban area and its relation to long term built-up expansion (1927–2010). The DEM represents moderate variation in terrain relief ranging from 595 m to 754 m with majority of area exhibiting upto 3° of slope and 3° to 6° indicating flat to undulating nature of terrain in Ranchi township. The DEM was used to generate location of sinks within urban area, which are generally delineated along the drainage channels, adjacent to high-rise built-up land and along the elevated road network. The pattern of urban sprawl over the eight decades (1927–2010) were examined with reference to terrain relief zones, which indicated that the built-up growth was mainly taken place over the elevation range of moderate (620–660 m) (67.0%) and high relief (660–680 m) (19.8%) zones. Although earlier preference for built-up development was more in high elevation zones (660–680 m), the low elevation zones (<600–620 m) are now preferred for multistoried built-up land development where better groundwater availability occur. The spatial pattern of vertical growth of built-up land was assessed using contour density obtained from Cartosat-I DEM. The results show that the high density contours predominately correspond to hilly area and high-rise buildings at majority of locations. The urban sprawl pattern and population trend exhibited rapid increase in vertical built-up growth after 1996 indicating beginning of urban densification in Ranchi township. 相似文献
2.
Urbanization is increasingly becoming a widespread phenomenon at all scales of development around the globe. Be it developing or developed nations, all are witnessing urbanization at very high pace. In order to study its impacts, various methodologies and techniques are being implemented to measure growth of urban extents over spatial and temporal domains. But urbanization being a very dynamic phenomenon has been facing ambiguities regarding methods to study its dynamism. This paper aims at quantifying urban expansion in Delhi, the capital city of India. The process has been studied using urban land cover pattern derived from Landsat TM/ETM satellite data for two decades (1998–2011). These maps show that built-up increased by 417 ha in first time period (1998–2003) and 6,633 ha during next period (2003–2011) of study. For quantification of metrics for urban expansion, the Urban Landscape Analysis Tool (ULAT) was employed. Land cover mapping was done with accuracy of 92.67 %, 93.3 % and 96 % respectively for years 1998, 2003 and 2011. Three major land covers classes mapped are; (i) built-up, (ii) water and (iii) other or non-built-up. The maps were then utilized to extract degree of urbanization based on spatial density of built-up area consisting of seven classes, (i) Urban built-up, (ii) Suburban built-up,(iii) Rural built-up, (iv) Urbanized open land, (v) Captured open land, (vi) Rural open land and (vii) Water. These classes were demarcated based on the urbanness of cells. Similarly urban footprint maps were generated. The two time maps were compared to qualitatively and quantitatively capture the dynamics of urban expansion in the city. Along with urbanized area and urban footprint maps, the new development areas during the study time periods were also identified. The new development areas consisted of three major categories of developments, (i) infill, (ii) extension and (iii) leapfrog. 相似文献
3.
4.
This study investigates urbanization and its potential environmental consequences in Shanghai and Stockholm metropolitan areas over two decades. Changes in land use/land cover are estimated from support vector machine classifications of Landsat mosaics with grey-level co-occurrence matrix features. Landscape metrics are used to investigate changes in landscape composition and configuration and to draw preliminary conclusions about environmental impacts. Speed and magnitude of urbanization is calculated by urbanization indices and the resulting impacts on the environment are quantified by ecosystem services. Growth of urban areas and urban green spaces occurred at the expense of cropland in both regions. Alongside a decrease in natural land cover, urban areas increased by approximately 120% in Shanghai, nearly ten times as much as in Stockholm, where the most significant land cover change was a 12% urban expansion that mostly replaced agricultural areas. From the landscape metrics results, it appears that fragmentation in both study regions occurred mainly due to the growth of high density built-up areas in previously more natural/agricultural environments, while the expansion of low density built-up areas was for the most part in conjunction with pre-existing patches. Urban growth resulted in ecosystem service value losses of approximately 445 million US dollars in Shanghai, mostly due to the decrease in natural coastal wetlands while in Stockholm the value of ecosystem services changed very little. Total urban growth in Shanghai was 1768 km2 and 100 km2 in Stockholm. The developed methodology is considered a straight-forward low-cost globally applicable approach to quantitatively and qualitatively evaluate urban growth patterns that could help to address spatial, economic and ecological questions in urban and regional planning. 相似文献
5.
以Landsat TM/OLI遥感影像为数据源,将武汉市土地利用分类情况主要分为建成区、植被、水体三类.通过统计对比2003～2015年的各类土地面积变化发现,武汉市建成区的面积呈逐年增加的趋势.结合分析各类统计数据得出影响武汉市城区扩张的驱动力因子中,地理环境、交通因素和人口因素为其扩张的基础条件,经济结构的转变是推动主城区向外扩张的内在动力,宏观规划政策的调控起着外在的引导作用. 相似文献
6.
H. S. Sudhira T. V. Ramachandra Karthik S. Raj K. S. Jagadish 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2003,31(4):299-311
Urban growth identification, quantification, knowledge of rate and the trends of growth would help in regional planning for
better infrastructure provision in environmentally sound way. This requires analysis of spatial and temporal data, which help
in quantifying the trends of growth on spatial scale. Emerging technologies such as Remote Sensing, Geographic Information
System (GIS) along with Global Positioning System (GPS) help in this regard. Remote sensing aids in the collection of temporal
data and GIS helps in spatial analysis. This paper focuses on the analysis of urban growth pattern in the form of either radial
or linear sprawl along the Bangalore — Mysore highway. Various GIS base layers such as built-up areas along the highway, road
network, village boundary etc. were generated using collateral data such as the Survey of India toposheet, etc. Further, this
analysis was complemented with the computation of Shannon’s entropy, which helped in identifying prevalent sprawl zone, rate
of growth and in delineating potential sprawl locations. The computation Shannon’s entropy helped in delineating regions with
dispersed and compact growth. This study reveals that the Bangalore North and South taluks contributed mainly to the sprawl
with 559% increase in built-up area over a period of 28 years and high degree of dispersion. The Mysore and Srirangapatna
region showed 128% change in built-up area and a high potential for sprawl with slightly high dispersion. The degree of sprawl
was found to be directly proportional to the distances from the cities. 相似文献
7.
城区边界和城区面积是城镇化的重要表征和扩展分析的基础。然而城区边界存在概念和提取标准不统一、精度较低、可比性较差等问题。为此,提出了基于高分辨率影像和地理信息资料辅助的城区半自动化提取方法,充分利用高分辨率影像上的城市景观特征、先验地理信息知识和一系列标准规则,以得到精度高、一致性强的数据。以中国337个地级以上城市为研究区,采用该方法得到了2000年、2005年、2010年、2016年4期城区边界成果,并开展了城区时空扩展及用地效率等相关分析。结果表明:①16年间城区扩展迅速,城区主要集中分布在东部和中部,东西部地区差异大;②城市用地效率与城镇化发展水平显著相关,城区扩展以外延型为主;③大多城市城区扩展超前于人口增长,少量城市城区扩展滞后于人口增长;④城区扩展以占用耕地为主。 相似文献
8.
1980—2015年中国建设用地变化研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土地特别是建设用地的空间格局与演变是城镇研究的热点问题。本文利用1980、1990、1995、2000、2005、2010、2015年7期的中国土地利用遥感数据,对1980—2015年中国建设用地变化进行了系统性的分析。研究工作主要有：①计算1980—2015年中国的城镇用地、农村居民点、其他建设用地及总建设用地的面积和增长率,从而得到1980—2015年中国的建设用地变化速率。②运用GIS软件中的联合分析工具,得到1980—2015年中国建设用地空间变化格局。③制作土地利用转移矩阵,从而得到1980—2015年中国建设用地结构变化情况。研究表明,中国建设用地整体上表现为持续扩张的态势;东部及沿海地区增长速度较快,青藏高原基本无变化,中部及东北地区增长速度较缓,西北地区有少量增加;增加建设用地以耕地转入为主。 相似文献
9.
Pammi Nitin Sinha Nilanchal Patel Ayyemperumal T. Jeyaseelan Vivek K. Singh 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2011,39(2):225-233
Urbanization incepts serious challenges of growth and its management. The issues of urbanization manifest in the form of overcrowding,
congestion, insufficient infrastructure, inadequate service provisioning, environmental degradation, pollution etc and affect
the socioeconomic development of the city. Ranchi, the capital of newly formed state of Jharkhand (India) has been witnessing
the same scenario; raising the question of its planning and management of growth to make it more efficient and sustainable.
It hoists the necessity to study the pattern of urbanization and its impact on other landuse/landcover categories in Ranchi
city. In order to assess the urbanization pattern and spatio-temporal dynamics in the study area, the changing pattern of
the three significant patch parameters viz. patch frequency, largest patch size and average patch size of all affected landuse/landcover
categories over a time gradient representing the pre-capital and post-capital formation phases of the Ranchi city have been
analyzed. The two conventional landscape indices viz. Shannon’s diversity Index and Simpson’s diversity index and a newly
developed index ‘Normalized Patch size Range Index’ have been employed in the analyses which not only ascertained the finding
derived but also provided meaningful insights pertaining to the spatio-temporal urban landscape dynamics prevailing in the
Ranchi city. 相似文献
10.
在全国地级以上城市以及典型城市群空间格局监测项目中,根据城市用地增长弹性系数判断城市空间扩展的协调性.结果表明,2000-2016年全国大多数城市用地增长弹性系数大于最优值1.12.分析了城市用地增长弹性系数最优值的来源以及城市空间扩张与人口增长关系的相关研究成果,将人均城市用地面积与城市用地增长弹性系数结合起来,用于... 相似文献
11.
Yongming Xu Zhihao Qin Hongxiu Wan 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2010,38(4):654-663
One of the significant environmental consequences of urbanization is the urban heat island (UHI). In this paper, Landsat TM images of 1986 and 2004 were utilized to study the spatial and temporal variations of heat island and their relationships with land cover changes in Suzhou, a Chinese city which experienced rapid urbanization in past decades. Land cover classifications were derived to quantify urban expansions and brightness temperatures were computed from the TM thermal data to express the urban thermal environment. The spatial distributions of surface temperature indicated that heat islands had been largely broadened and showed good agreements with urban expansion. Temperature statistics of main land cover types showed that built-up and bare land had higher surface temperatures than natural land covers, implying the warming effect caused by the urbanization with natural landscape being replaced by urban areas. In addition, the spatial detail distributions of surface temperature were compared with the distribution of land cover by means of GIS buffer analysis. Results show remarkable show good correspondence between heat island variations with urban area expansions. 相似文献
12.
兰州新区土地扩张及驱动力分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
针对新区建设过程中建成区土地快速扩张的问题,该文对建成区土地扩张时空规律及驱动力进行分析,使用不同时期的TM和Landsat 8影像,通过目视解译提取了兰州新区建成区2010、2013、2014和2015年土地扩张信息,并从政策、经济两方面对土地扩张的驱动力进行分析。结果表明:兰州新区建成区土地扩张在2010年7月至2013年12月,扩张强度为36.449%,呈慢速增长;2013年12月—2014年12月,扩张强度为74.546%,呈快速增长;2014年12月至2015年6月,扩张强度为43.614%,呈稳定增长;城市几何中心向东北方向偏移。驱动因子中,政策影响起到引导作用,经济影响起到驱动作用。其中,最大驱动力为招商引资。 相似文献
13.
In India the last 30 years had witnessed a radical transformation of urban scene. In particular, during this period, the one
lakh cities and million plus cities began to grow rapidly. In the present study, urban growth of Jaipur city in the last 31 years
(1975–2006) was assessed. Jaipur ranks 11th in India with a total population of 2.3 million and has shown a consistent increase
in the past 50 years. It is one of the fastest growing mega cities of the country with an annual average growth rate of 4.5%
which is quite high from the national urban growth rate. Remote sensing and GIS have been used to extract the information
related to urban growth-built up area and its spatial and temporal variation. The Shannon’s entropy at two levels (city as
a whole and ward wise) is computed in order to quantify the form and patterns of urban growth using built up area as spatial
phenomena. Further, multivariate statistical techniques have been used to establish the relationship between the urban growth
and its causative and determining factors. Results of this study reveal that the growth rate of built up in Jaipur has outstripped
the rate of population growth. Shannon’s entropy quantifies as dispersed form of urban growth till 2000 and after it, there
is relative compactness in 2006. 相似文献
14.
结合夜间灯光与城市统计数据,应用城市位序-规模法则及人地异速生长模型,初步分析了浙江人口分布及人地关系,考虑到人口增长的特征,提出了加入滞后效应的修正模型,对浙江城市群长期的发展展开了动态研究.研究结果表明,浙江城市群结构体系较为成熟,但是随着经济发展,城市首位度逐步提高,人口逐渐呈现聚集状态;浙江城市群中的杭州、宁波... 相似文献
15.
Monitoring growth of built-up areas in indo-gangetic plain using multi-sensor remote sensing data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
This paper provides an approach for rapid and accurate estimation of built-up areas on a per pixel-basis using a integration
of two coarse spatial resolution remote sensing data namely DMSP-OLS and MODIS NDVI. The DMSP-OLS data due to its free availability,
high temporal resolution and wide swath was used for regional level mapping of built-up areas. However, due to its low radiometric
resolution, the built-up areas cannot be estimated accurately from the DMSP-OLS data. In present study, the DMSP-OLS data
was combined with MODIS NDVI data to develop an Human Settlement Index (HSI) image, which estimated the fraction of built-up
area on a per pixel basis. The resultant HSI image conveys more information than both the individual datasets. These temporal
HSI images were then used for monitoring urban growth in Indo-Gangetic plains during the 2001–2007 time period. Thus, the
present research can be very useful for regional level monitoring of built-up areas from coarse resolution data within limited
time and minimal cost. 相似文献
16.
本文利用自1995年以来的4期DMSP-OLS、NPP-VIIRS夜光遥感影像与Landsat多光谱遥感影像,分析了青岛市近25年的城市建成区范围、各市区边界形态与扩展趋势,并结合土地利用分类、路网、POI、DEM等多源驱动因子及元胞自动机-马尔可夫（CA-Markov）模型,模拟并预测了2027年青岛市土地利用分类。结果表明,近25年青岛建成区扩展主要以外延式为主,其他城区总体上沿胶州湾方向扩展,四周向青岛主城区汇集,主城区建设用地向西北侧发展。本文验证了夜光遥感在监测与预测典型海岸带城市扩张方面的适用性,为城市化发展进程管理与决策提供了重要依据。 相似文献
17.
An analysis of urban expansion and its associated thermal characteristics using Landsat imagery 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
There has been an increasing interest in mapping and monitoring urban land use/land cover using remote sensing techniques. However, there still exist quite a number of challenges in deriving urban extent and its expansion density from remote sensing data quantitatively. This study utilized Landsat TM/ETM+ remote sensing data to assess urban expansion and its thermal characteristics with a case study in the city of Changsha, China. We proposed a new approach for quantitatively determining built-up area, its expansion density and their respective relationship with land surface temperature (LST) patterns. An urban expansion metric was also developed using a moving window mechanism to identify urban built-up area and its expansion density based on selected threshold values. The study suggested that urban extent and its expansion density, as well as surface thermal characteristics and patterns could be identified through quantitatively derived remotely sensed indices and LST, which offer meaningful characteristics in quantifying urban expansion density and urban thermal pattern. Results from the case study demonstrated that: (1) the built-up area and urban expansion density have significantly increased in the city of Changsha from 1990 to 2001; and (2) the differences of urban expansion densities correspond to thermal effects, where a high percentage of imperviousness is usually associated with the area covered by high surface temperature. 相似文献
18.
对城市建成区扩展的预测是防止城市蔓延的重要管理依据。目前,元胞自动机-马尔可夫链模型,已成为城市建成区扩展预测的重要方法。该模型对指标权重的赋值方法较为敏感,以往的单一指标赋值法,影响了城市建成区扩展预测的精度和可信度。为此,本研究提出整合传统权重赋值法的AHP和逻辑回归模型改进CA-Markov模型。研究选择云南省大理市为案例,对2020、2030年的城市建成区扩展进行模拟和预测,最后进行精度验证。研究结果表明：①Kappa指数可达到96.8%,预测结果有较好的一致性。②大理市的城市建成区扩展均表现为继续向外扩展,以东南、西北方向和两片建成区之间为主要扩展方向。研究提供了组合权重赋值法改进CA-Markov模型,这将为规划者在未来规划中提供强有力的支持。 相似文献
19.
以遥感数据为基础,结合缓冲区分析,对南通市的城市扩展特征和扩展的方向性进行了研究。研究时段分为前期1995—2001年和后期2001—2006年,结果表明:1)南通市城市扩展速度前期高于后期,建设用地增加面积后期高于前期。前期发展为跳跃式点状扩展模式,后期以城市核心区域为主体,以面状方式向外扩展。2)在城市扩展的方向上,前期变化率和变化量东南>东北>西北,后期东南>西北>东北。但后期变化量显著高于前期。 相似文献
20.
《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2013,50(4):426-442
Based on remote sensing and GIS, this study models the spatial variations of urban growth patterns with a logistic geographically weighted regression (GWR) technique. Through a case study of Springfield, Missouri, the research employs both global and local logistic regression to model the probability of urban land expansion against a set of spatial and socioeconomic variables. The logistic GWR model significantly improves the global logistic regression model in three ways: (1) the local model has higher PCP (percentage correctly predicted) than the global model; (2) the local model has a smaller residual than the global model; and (3) residuals of the local model have less spatial dependence. More importantly, the local estimates of parameters enable us to investigate spatial variations in the influences of driving factors on urban growth. Based on parameter estimates of logistic GWR and using the inverse distance weighted (IDW) interpolation method, we generate a set of parameter surfaces to reveal the spatial variations of urban land expansion. The geographically weighted local analysis correctly reveals that urban growth in Springfield, Missouri is more a result of infrastructure construction, and an urban sprawl trend is observed from 1992 to 2005. 相似文献