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1.
Standard false colour composites (Std. FCC) on 1:50,000 scale was visually interpreted in conjunction with soil survey to prepare physiographic-soil map. Thirteen mapping units were delineated indicating soil association at family-level. Soil and land resource was evaluated for their land capability and irrigation suitability for its sustained use under irrigation. Land capability and land irrigability maps were generated as attribute map. These maps were integrated to suggest potential land use map. Current land use/land cover map prepared by visual analysis was spatially analysed in relation to potential land use to study potential changes in land use / land cover using GIS. The study reveals that 14.66% area has no limitation and can be brought to intensive agriculture by double cropping.  相似文献   

2.
Soil data obtained from soil resource inventory, land and climate were derived from the remote sensing satellite data (Landsat TM, bands 1 to 7) and were integrated in GIS environment to obtain the soil erosion loss using USLE model for the watershed area. The priorities of different sub-watershed areas for soil conservation measures were identified. Land productivity index was also used as a measure for land evaluation. Different soil and land attribute maps were generated in GIS, and R,K,LS,C and P factor maps were derived. By integrating these soil erosion map was generated. The mapping units, found not suitable for agriculture production, were delineated and mapped as non-arable land. The area suitable for agricultural production was carved out for imparting the productivity analysis; the land suitable for raising agricultural crops was delineated into different mapping units as productivity ratings good, fair, moderate and poor. The analysis performed using remote sensing and GIS helped to generate the attribute maps with more accuracy and the ability of integrating these in GIS environment provided the ease to get the required kind of analysis. Conventional methods of land evaluation procedures in terms of either soil erosion or productivity are found not comparable with the out put generated by using remote sensing and GIS as the limitations in generating the attribute maps and their integration. The results obtained in this case study show the use of different kinds of data derived from different sources in land evaluation appraisals.  相似文献   

3.
Land suitability analysis is prerequisite for sustainable agriculture and it plays a pivotal role in the niche based agricultural planning in mountain regions. In this paper different parameters viz. climatic (precipitation and temperature), topographic (elevation), soil type and land cover/land use have been used in order to perform land suitability evaluation for cereals food-grain crops in Himachal Pradesh using Geographic Information System (GIS). The suitability analysis was performed by digital processing of geo-referenced data (elevation, climate, soil and landcover) and calculating potential production areas by combining different types of geographical data through decision rules framed for each crop in ArcView spatial analyst. Suitable areas have been delineated for cereal crops in the form of land suitability maps. In comparison to the actual area under cereal crops, the possibility of further expansion under each cereal crop was determined. These discriminated areas appear suitable for growing these crops and can be harnessed efficiently for achieving long term sustainability and food security.  相似文献   

4.
Urban land-use zoning analysis has been carried out to evaluate the suitability of land for urbanisation i.e. a process of assessing the fitness of different land characteristics (soils, physiography, slope, land use etc.) for urban development in Calcutta Metropolitan Development Authority (CMDA) area (1350 sq. km). Remote sensing data in conjunction with Survey of India maps and ancillary data have been employed for the analysis. A GIS-based methodology has been developed for the integration of different physical parameters and generation of urban land development units. In all 82 Urban Land Development Units (ULDUs) were delineated and evaluated with respect to physical constraints and the degree to which each class could limit the development for urban purpose. These ULDUs are categorised into five suitability classes for urban use. The relationships between ULDU classes, suitabilities and urban land development considerations in a generalised form have also been assessed. It has been observed that the physical constraints have become progressively greater from class-I to class-V meaning thereby that the cost for the developing the area for urban purpose increases from class-I and becomes uneconomic for class-V. The suitability map prepared using this methodology would also serve as a sub-set for the preparation of a Master plan of the city.  相似文献   

5.
Land System studies, which integrated landforms with geology, soils, vegetation, hydrology and landuse, should form the basis of evaluation of the resources of a region. Such studies were carried out in a 1400 sq. km, tract around Sagar, M. P., employing the methodology of the C.S.I.R.O., Australia, as a part of a detailed geomorphic survey of the area on modern lines. Two land systems were recognized on the basis of the patterns deciphered on the areial photographs of the area: the Vindhyan Land System and the Daccan Trap Land System. The former occupies 148 sq. km. and 17 land units have been made out in it. The latter occupies 1252 sq. km. and 14 land units have been recognized in it. Choosing representatives «sites» on these land units, quantitative integrated studies were carried out in the field. The data so collected are presented in the paper and it is shown how there could form the basis of an evaluation of the resources of the area.  相似文献   

6.
Identification of suitable site for urban development in hilly areas is one of the critical issues of planning. Site suitability analysis has become inevitable for delineating appropriate site for various developmental initiatives, especially in the undulating terrain of the hills. The study illustrates the use of geographic information system (GIS) and multicriteria evaluation (MCE) technique for selection of suitable sites for urban development in Mussoorie municipal area, Dehradun district, Uttarakhand. For this purpose Toposheet and IKONOS satellite data were used to generate various thematic layers using ArcGIS software. Criteria using five parameters, i.e. slope, road proximity, land use/land cover, land values and geological formation were used for site suitability analysis following land evaluation. The generated thematic maps of these criteria were standardized using pairwise comparison matrix known as analytical hierarchy process (AHP). A weight for each criterion was generated by comparing them with each other according to their importance. With the help of these weights and criteria, final site suitability map was prepared.  相似文献   

7.
高超  高永明  冮宏军  王程佳  王磊 《测绘通报》2022,(2):154-158+163
国土资源是人们赖以生存和发展的物质基础,土地灌溉环境作为国土资源调查的重要内容,其关键基础设施机井的空间配置对于农业生产具有重要的现实意义。本文以北京市通州区永乐店镇为研究区,基于国土资源调查的多源空间数据,提出了一种对现有土地灌溉环境进行定量评价和优化决策的方法。结果表明,研究区既有机井配置有待进一步改进,优化方案给出的183口新增机井合理分配在优化单元内,能够满足当地农民的土地灌溉需求,同时为土地灌溉环境中机井的更新配置提供了依据。  相似文献   

8.
The study reported herein deals with the utility of satellite remote sensing techniques for land evaluation for agricultural land use planning. False colour composite of Landsat imagery in the scale of 1:250,000 was visually interpreted for physiography that formed the base for mapping soil and land resources in the field. The small-scale soil map thus prepared has thirteen map units with association of soil families. Soil and land resource units shown on these small-scale maps were evaluated for their suitability for growing sorghum crop by matching the relevant land qualities against the land requirements for sorghum. The land evaluation carried out for growing sorghum crop in the study area revealed that about 38.6 per cent is highly suitable (S1), 31.5 per cent moderately suitable (S2) and 24.5 per cent marginally suitable (S3). An area of about 5.4 per cent is not suitable, of which 3.0 per cent is currently not suitable (N1) and 2.4 per cent permanently not suitable for growing sorghum crop.  相似文献   

9.
GIS based land resource inventory (LRI) with fine resolution imagery is considered as most authentic tool for soil resource mapping. Soil resource mapping using the concept of soil series in a smaller scale limits its wide application and also its impact assessment for crop suitability is controversial. In this study, we attempted to develop LRI at large scale (1:10,000 scale) at block level land use planning (LUP) in Dandakaranya and Easternghats physiographic confluence of India. The concept of land management unit was introduced in this endeavour. The impact assessment of LRI based LUP was exercised to develop efficient crop planning with best possible management practices. The study area comprised six landforms with slope gradient ranging from very gentle (1–3%) to steep slopes (15–25%). The very gently sloping young alluvial plains occupied maximum areas (19.95% of TGA). The single cropped (paddy) land appears to dominate the land use systems (40.0% of TGA). Thirty three landscape ecological units were resulted by GIS-overlay. Eighteen soils mapping units were generated. The area was broadly under two soil orders (Inceptisols and Alfisols); three great group (Haplaquepts, Rhodustalfs and Endoaquepts) and ten soil series. Crop suitability based impact assessment of LRI based LUP revealed that average yield of different crops increased by 39.2 and 14.5% in Kharif (rainy season) and Rabi (winter) seasons respectively and annual net returns by 83.4% for the cropping system, compared to traditional practices. Productivity and net returns can be increased several folds if customized recommended practices are adopted by the farmers. Informations generated from the study emphasized the potentiality of LRI towards optimizing LUP and exhibited an ample scope to use the methodology as a tool to assess in other physiographic regions in India and abroad.  相似文献   

10.
Remote sensing and Geographic Information System (GIS) are well suited to landslide studies. The aim of this study is to prepare a landslide susceptibility map of a part of Ooty region, Tamil Nadu, India, where landslides are common. The area of the coverage is approximately 10 × 14 km in a hilly region where planting tea, vegetables and cash crops are in practice. Hence, deforestation, formation of new settlements and changing land use practices are always in progress. Land use and land cover maps are prepared from Indian Remote Sensing Satellite (IRS 1C - LISS III) imagery. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) was developed using 20 m interval contours, available in the topographic map. Field studies such as local enquiry, land use verification, landslide location identification were carried out. Analysis was carried out with GIS software by assigning rank and weights for each input data. The output shows the possible landslide areas, which are grouped for preparation of landslide susceptibility maps.  相似文献   

11.
Over the last four decades exploitation of natural resources to meet increasing societal demands for land based products has caused significant changes in land use and land cover not only in nature’s best gifted regions but also environmentally sensitive arid regions. Through digital interpretation of IRS LISS-III data of 2004 supported with field survey, the present land use map of Jhunjhunun district of arid Rajasthan has been prepared. Agriculture is the dominant land use constituting 84% (including 38% irrigated cropland) area. The land use changes over time and space are worked out by comparing with Landsat 2 MSS data of 1975 and Land use/land cover map of 1988–89. These changes are correlated by analyzing historical land use and cropping pattern data from 1957–58 to 2004–05. The region witnessed record increase in irrigated area but sharply depleted ground water and rendered hectares of irrigated double cropland into dry land agriculture. Strategies and technologies are suggested for sustainable use and management of different category of land.  相似文献   

12.
本文介绍了一种利用遥感图像数据及土地资源野外调查数据,在IBM—PC/XT微机上,建立区域性土地资源评价信息系统的方法。该系统可对土地资源进行高效、快速的周期性评价和自动制图。 系统采用网格方法对多边形图像进行特征编码及数字化输入,利用模糊数学的原理和方法,建立了土地资源适宜性评价的模糊动态聚类评价模式,并用模糊模型识别评价模式进行土地资源的质量评价。根据上述评价模式,系统可进行多层数字图像之间的逻辑图像运算,从而实现了土地资源评价过程的自动化。  相似文献   

13.
Governments compile their agricultural statistics in tabular form by administrative area, which gives no clue to the exact locations where specific crops are actually grown. Such data are poorly suited for early warning and assessment of crop production. 10-Daily satellite image time series of Andalucia, Spain, acquired since 1998 by the SPOT Vegetation Instrument in combination with reported crop area statistics were used to produce the required crop maps. Firstly, the 10-daily (1998–2006) 1-km resolution SPOT-Vegetation NDVI-images were used to stratify the study area in 45 map units through an iterative unsupervised classification process. Each unit represents an NDVI-profile showing changes in vegetation greenness over time which is assumed to relate to the types of land cover and land use present. Secondly, the areas of NDVI-units and the reported cropped areas by municipality were used to disaggregate the crop statistics. Adjusted R-squares were 98.8% for rainfed wheat, 97.5% for rainfed sunflower, and 76.5% for barley. Relating statistical data on areas cropped by municipality with the NDVI-based unit map showed that the selected crops were significantly related to specific NDVI-based map units. Other NDVI-profiles did not relate to the studied crops and represented other types of land use or land cover. The results were validated by using primary field data. These data were collected by the Spanish government from 2001 to 2005 through grid sampling within agricultural areas; each grid (block) contains three 700 m × 700 m segments. The validation showed 68%, 31% and 23% variability explained (adjusted R-squares) between the three produced maps and the thousands of segment data. Mainly variability within the delineated NDVI-units caused relatively low values; the units are internally heterogeneous. Variability between units is properly captured. The maps must accordingly be considered “small scale maps”. These maps can be used to monitor crop performance of specific cropped areas because of using hypertemporal images. Early warning thus becomes more location and crop specific because of using hypertemporal remote sensing.  相似文献   

14.
Udumbanchola Taluk, located in the fragile zone of Western Ghats in the Idukki District of Kerala has undergone severe land use changes in the past century. The changing land use scenario of Udumbanchola Taluk was assessed using remote sensing technique. The historic land use map was derived from topographic maps of Survey of India, surveyed in 1910 and published during 1912–14. The land use map of 1997 was generated through the visual interpretation of IRS—1 C LISSIII images supported by ground truths and was observed that the original land use system was highly modified. The comparative study shows that the settlement areas that occupied hardly 0.73 % in 1910 were increased to 30.57 % in 1997 by transferring forest lands, grassland and cardamom plantations. Due to the depletion of natural vegetation and grassland system by the establishment of houses, cash crops and infrastructure facilities, combined with the absence of sufficient land management measures in the side slopes resulted severe land degradation and the present status of degraded lands is about 14.12 % of the total geographical area. It is also observed that the prevailing agro-climatic conditions favorable for the sustenance of sensitive crops like cardamom has undergone changes mainly due to the impact of large-scale land use modifications.  相似文献   

15.
A methodology for the preparation of semi detailed soil maps using medium scale aerial photographs for an area of about 3600 ha in Merida area, Spain is presented. The new concepts such as ‘Basic Land Units’, ‘Soil Consociation’ and ‘Soil Set’ developed by Elbersen (1976) were adopted for this study to see their utility for the preparation of semidetailed soil maps which can be used for land evaluation, land classification and also for making prodictions about the feasibility of a particular project for rural development plannning purposes. Basic land units and their subdivisions like major and minor compo-nents were used for the delineation of interpretation units. Mapping units, viz, Soil Consoication, Soil Complex and miscellaneous land type were used for mapping soils. Soils were classified upto family level and shown as subgroups in the 1:50,000 scale soil map. Soils were mapped as soil sets per basic land unit per subgroup. A model legend for use in the preparation of seimdetailed physiographic cum soil maps is given which is in terms of physiography and Soil Taxonomy qualified by soil sets.  相似文献   

16.
Using CORINE land cover and the point survey LUCAS for area estimation   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  
CORINE land cover 2000 (CLC2000) is a European land cover map produced by photo-interpretation of Landsat ETM+ images. Its direct use for area estimation can be strongly biased and does not generally report single crops. CLC areas need to be calibrated to give acceptable statistical results.LUCAS (land use/cover area frame survey) is a point survey carried out in 2001 and 2003 in the European Union (EU15) on a systematic sample of clusters of points. LUCAS is especially useful for area estimation in geographic units that do not coincide with administrative regions, such as set of coastal areas defined with a 10 km buffer. Some variance estimation issues with systematic sampling of clusters are analysed.The contingency table obtained overlaying CLC and LUCAS gives the fine scale composition of CLC classes. Using CLC for post-stratification of LUCAS is equivalent to the direct calibration estimator when the sampling units are points. Stratification is easier to adapt to a scheme in which the sampling units are the clusters of points used in LUCAS 2001/2003.  相似文献   

17.
全国1:1万土地利用数据库建库探讨与应用   总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9  
1:1万土地利用数据库建库工程在各县(市)顺利开展,积累了一定的建库经验,但由于数据量庞大,时间有限,在各地的建库中仍存在许多问题,如原始底图和资料的质量、变更数据及时入库、建库完成后的管理等,针对这些问题,提出了一些可行性的措施供今后参考。并阐述建设成功的土地利用数据库,可为地方图件更新、土地资源调查、土地资源评价、基本农田保护区的划分、土地利用规划、建设用地审批、土地管理和科学决策提供基础数据。  相似文献   

18.
Improper utilization of natural resources without any conservation work is the prime cause of the watershed deterioration. Fast developmental activities and population pressure in the hills of Khanapara?CBornihat area near Guwahati city (about 10?km east of Guwahati) results rapid alteration of the land use/land cover in the recent times. This also causes the growth of land use over the unsuitable topography. As a result, there is a general degradation of the natural resources within the area. So, urgent measures have to be adopted to take up the conservation measure for the management of natural resources. Watershed wise conservation is considered to be the most acceptable and convenient approach. In the context of watershed management, watershed prioritization gained importance in natural resource management. The present study makes an attempt to prioritize the sub-watersheds for adopting the conservation measure. The prioritization is based on land use and slope analysis using Remote Sensing and GIS techniques in Khanapara?CBornihat area of Assam and Meghalaya state (India). The study area of 323.17?sq. km is divided into three 5th order, four 4th order and two 3rd order sub-watersheds. Land use/Land cover change analysis of the sub-watersheds has been carried out using multi temporal data of SOI toposheets of 1972 and IRS LISS III imagery of 2006. The study shows the significance changes in land use pattern especially in settlement and forest lands from 1972 to 2006. Slope map of the sub-watersheds prepared from the contour values in the toposheets show the wide variation of slope in the area ranging from 0° to 87°. Based on the extent/nature of land use/land cover changes over time and land use/land cover??slope relationship analysis, the sub-watersheds are classified into three categories as high, medium and low in terms of priority for conservation and management of natural resources.  相似文献   

19.
结合资源体的概念和土地要素功能提出了土地资源体概念,将土地资源数据对象组织成土地利用资源体、土地权属资源体等不同类型的土地资源体。在土地资源体对象基础上,结合具体的土地资源管理业务需要,提出了土地资源体多级变粒度数据组织管理模式,对土地资源体横向按资源体、图库、图层集合、图层和地物等不同资源授权粒度,纵向按多级区域层次管理的方式进行管理。国家、省、市级别的土地资源管理以县为基本单位,以区域特征管理国家、省、市、县等逻辑关系,县级的土地资源时空数据按资源体、图库、图层集合、图层和地物等不同资源授权粒度来对数据进行管理。在具体的土地资源管理和业务实施时,可以根据实际的需要对位于不同位置、不同层次、不同资源体类型的土地资源体进行动态组合。  相似文献   

20.
Protected areas are established to conserve unique features and biodiversity of the nature. Accordingly, wherever has one of the natural, ecological and/or cultural values it should be considered a protected area. Kave-Deh No-hunting Area is located on extremely east of Tehran Province in an area of 94,961 ha. Due to rich and diverse land cover, distinctive wildlife species, and unique monuments the area was selected as a case study to examine the possibility of its promotion to the protected area using Spatial Multi Criteria Evaluation (SMCE) Method. For this purpose, the relevant criteria were identified by Delphi method. After finalization of the most important criteria by Delphi panelists, the map layers were prepared at the scale of 1:100000, in the environment of GIS Software. Afterwards, the map layers were divided into factors and constraints of which factors were standardized by S-shaped membership functions of fuzzy logic. The dimensionless factor maps were weighted using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Method in the environment of Expert Choice Software. Subsequently, a mathematical equation was extracted to conduct the land suitability analysis. The Weighted Linear Combination (WLC) Method was applied to overlay the map layers and obtain the final ‘nature conservation’ land use map. The final land suitability map showed that 34,687 ha of whole study area (equal to 37 %) have the potentiality for promotion to the protected area.  相似文献   

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