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Parham Pahlavani Mahdi Hasanlou Siamak Talebi Nahr 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2017,45(1):11-23
Currently, hyperspectral images have potential applications in many scientific areas due to the high spectral resolution. Extracting suitable and adequate bands/features from high dimensional data is a crucial task to classify such data. To overcome this issue, dimension reduction techniques have direct effects to improve the efficiency of classifiers on hyperspectral images. One common approach for decreasing the dimensionality is the feature/band selection by considering the optimum dimensionality of the hyperspectral imagery. In this paper, a new method was proposed to select optimal band for classification application, based on a metaheuristic Invasive Weed Optimization (IWO) algorithm. In this regard, the K-nearest neighbour (K-NN) technique was used as the classifier. Moreover, as a by-product of our band selection method, a new method was proposed to estimate an optimum dimension of the reduced hyperspectral images for better classification. Experimental results over three real-world hyperspectral datasets clearly showed that the proposed IWO-based band selection algorithm of this study led to the significant progress in selecting suitable bands for classification applications and estimation of optimum dimensionality of these datasets. In this regard, the overall accuracy (OA) of classification of the proposed IWO-based band selection algorithm was 92.02, 93.57, and 89.72 % for each dataset, respectively. Moreover, results reveal the superiority of the proposed IWO-based band selection algorithm against the other algorithms including GA, SA, ACO, and PSO for band selection purpose. 相似文献
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郭学兰;杨敏华;毛军;周秋琳 《东北测绘》2013,(4):144-146,149+152
针对高光谱影像数据具有波段众多、数据量较大的特点,本文提出了一种基于波段子集的独立分量分析(ICA)特征提取的高光谱遥感影像分类的新方法。以北京昌平小汤山地区的高光谱影像为例,根据高光谱遥感影像的相邻波段的相关性进行子空间划分,在各个波段子集上采用ICA算法进行特征提取,将各个子空间提取的特征合并组成特征向量,采用支持向量机(SVM)分类器进行分类。结果表明:该方法分类精度最佳(分类精度89.04%,Kappa系数0.8605,明显优于其它特征提取方法的SVM分类,有效地提高了高光谱数据的分类精度。 相似文献
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Dhaval Vyas N.S.R. Krishnayya K.R. Manjunath S.S. Ray Sushma Panigrahy 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
There is an urgent necessity to monitor changes in the natural surface features of earth. Compared to broadband multispectral data, hyperspectral data provides a better option with high spectral resolution. Classification of vegetation with the use of hyperspectral remote sensing generates a classical problem of high dimensional inputs. Complexity gets compounded as we move from airborne hyperspectral to Spaceborne technology. It is unclear how different classification algorithms will perform on a complex scene of tropical forests collected by spaceborne hyperspectral sensor. The present study was carried out to evaluate the performance of three different classifiers (Artificial Neural Network, Spectral Angle Mapper, Support Vector Machine) over highly diverse tropical forest vegetation utilizing hyperspectral (EO-1) data. Appropriate band selection was done by Stepwise Discriminant Analysis. The Stepwise Discriminant Analysis resulted in identifying 22 best bands to discriminate the eight identified tropical vegetation classes. Maximum numbers of bands came from SWIR region. ANN classifier gave highest OAA values of 81% with the help of 22 selected bands from SDA. The image classified with the help SVM showed OAA of 71%, whereas the SAM showed the lowest OAA of 66%. All the three classifiers were also tested to check their efficiency in classifying spectra coming from 165 processed bands. SVM showed highest OAA of 80%. Classified subset images coming from ANN (from 22 bands) and SVM (from 165 bands) are quite similar in showing the distribution of eight vegetation classes. Both the images appeared close to the actual distribution of vegetation seen in the study area. OAA levels obtained in this study by ANN and SVM classifiers identify the suitability of these classifiers for tropical vegetation discrimination. 相似文献
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为提高高光谱图像的分类精度,提出了一种融合空谱特征和集成超限学习机的高光谱图像分类方法。首先结合每个像素邻域的光谱信息提取空谱特征向量;考虑到高光谱相邻波段信息具有一定的相关性,先对提取的特征向量进行平均分组,然后从每个区间随机选择若干个波段进行组合,采用具有快速学习能力的超限学习机训练分类器。为提高分类模型的泛化能力,基于集成学习思想,对提取的空谱特征进行多次抽样,训练得到多个弱分类器,最后采用投票表决法得到用于高光谱图像分类的强分类器。采用3个典型高光谱数据进行了分类试验,试验结果表明,提出的算法总体分类精度较优,尤其当训练样本数较少时能取得较高的分类精度。提出的算法具有可调参数少、训练速度快、分类精度高等优点,具有广阔的应用前景。 相似文献
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This paper presents a new framework for object-based classification of high-resolution hyperspectral data. This multi-step framework is based on multi-resolution segmentation (MRS) and Random Forest classifier (RFC) algorithms. The first step is to determine of weights of the input features while using the object-based approach with MRS to processing such images. Given the high number of input features, an automatic method is needed for estimation of this parameter. Moreover, we used the Variable Importance (VI), one of the outputs of the RFC, to determine the importance of each image band. Then, based on this parameter and other required parameters, the image is segmented into some homogenous regions. Finally, the RFC is carried out based on the characteristics of segments for converting them into meaningful objects. The proposed method, as well as, the conventional pixel-based RFC and Support Vector Machine (SVM) method was applied to three different hyperspectral data-sets with various spectral and spatial characteristics. These data were acquired by the HyMap, the Airborne Prism Experiment (APEX), and the Compact Airborne Spectrographic Imager (CASI) hyperspectral sensors. The experimental results show that the proposed method is more consistent for land cover mapping in various areas. The overall classification accuracy (OA), obtained by the proposed method was 95.48, 86.57, and 84.29% for the HyMap, the APEX, and the CASI data-sets, respectively. Moreover, this method showed better efficiency in comparison to the spectral-based classifications because the OAs of the proposed method was 5.67 and 3.75% higher than the conventional RFC and SVM classifiers, respectively. 相似文献
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高光谱影像波段众多且相关性强，导致分类存在信息冗余且计算量较大。提出了可分离非负矩阵分解方法来选取高光谱影像的代表性波段子集，在保证分类精度的同时降低计算量。该方法假设高光谱影像的波段集合具有可分离特性，改进传统非负矩阵分解模型，将波段选择转换为可分离非负矩阵分解问题，采用迭代投影方法来依次选取能够非负线性表达其他波段的代表性波段。在此基础上，利用两个公开高光谱数据集对比几种主流方法，采用定量评价和分类精度指标来综合评价所提的波段选择方法的效果。实验结果表明，可分离非负矩阵分解方法的分类精度高于其他几种方法，而且计算效率排名第2，能够选取合适的波段子集以满足高光谱遥感的应用需求。 相似文献
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T. Ch. Malleswara Rao G. Jai Sankar T. Roopesh Kumar 《Journal of the Indian Society of Remote Sensing》2012,40(2):191-200
The focus of this work is on developing a new hierarchical hybrid Support Vector Machine (SVM) method to address the problems
of classification of multi or hyper spectral remotely sensed images and provide a working technique that increases the classification
accuracy while lowering the computational cost and complexity of the process. The paper presents issues in analyzing large
multi/hyper spectral image data sets for dimensionality reduction, coping with intra pixel spectral variations, and selection
of a flexible classifier with robust learning process. Experiments conducted revealed that a computationally cheap algorithm
that uses Hamming distance between the pixel vectors of different bands to eliminate redundant bands was quite effective in
helping reduce the dimensionality. The paper also presents the concept of extended mathematical morphological profiles for
segregating the input pixel vectors into pure or mixed categories which will enable further computational cost reductions.
The proposed method’s overall classification accuracy is tested with IRS data sets and the Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging
Spectroradiometer Indian Pines hyperspectral benchmark data set and presented. 相似文献
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优化子空间SVM集成的高光谱图像分类 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
随机子空间集成是很有前景的高光谱图像分类技术,子空间的多样性和单个子空间的性能与集成后的分类精度密切相关。传统方法在增强单个子空间性能的同时,往往会获得大量最优但相似的子空间,因而减小它们之间的多样性,限制集成系统的分类精度。为此,提出优化子空间SVM集成的高光谱图像分类方法。该方法采用支持向量机(SVM)作为基分类器,并通过SVM之间的模式差别对随机子空间进行k-means聚类,最后选择每类中J-M距离最大的子空间进行集成,从而实现高光谱图像分类。实验结果显示,优化子空间SVM集成的高光谱图像分类方法能够有效解决小样本情况下的Hughes效应问题;总体精度达到75%–80%,Kappa系数达到0.61–0.74;比随机子空间集成方法和随机森林方法分类精度更高、更稳定,适合高光谱图像分类。 相似文献
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Rama Rao Nidamanuri 《国际地球制图》2016,31(8):845-859
Modern hyperspectral imaging and non-imaging spectroradiometer has the capability to acquire high-resolution spectral reflectance data required for surface materials identification and mapping. Spectral similarity metrics, due to their mathematical simplicity and insensitiveness to the number of reference labelled spectra, have been increasingly used for material mapping by labelling reflectance spectra in hyperspectral data labelling. For a particular hyperspectral data set, the accuracy of spectral labelling depends considerably upon the degree of unambiguous spectral matching achieved by the spectral similarity metric used. In this work, we propose a new methodology for quantifying spectral similarity for hyperspectral data labelling for surface materials identification. Developed adopting the multiple classifier system architecture, the proposed methodology unifies into a single framework the differential performances of eight different spectral similarity metrics for the quantification of spectral matching for surface materials. The proposed methodology has been implemented on two types of hyperspectral data viz. image (airborne hyperspectral images) and non-image (library spectra) for numerous surface materials identification. Further, the performance of the proposed methodology has been compared with the support vector machines (SVM) approach, and with all the base spectral similarity metrics. The results indicate that, for the hyperspectral images, the performance of the proposed methodology is comparable with that of the SVM. For the library spectra, the proposed methodology shows a consistently higher (increase of about 30% when compared to SVM) classification accuracy. The proposed methodology has the potential to serve as a general library search method for materials identification using hyperspectral data. 相似文献
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为了提高高光谱影像分类精度，提出了一种基于生成式对抗网络的高光谱影像分类方法。生成式对抗网络由生成器、判别器和分类器3部分组成，其中生成器用于模拟高光谱样本的数据分布，生成特定类别的样本；判别器是一个二值分类器，用于判断输入的样本是否为真实数据；分类器用于对输入的样本进行分类。利用反向传播算法依次更新生成器、判别器和分类器的网络参数使损失函数最小，从而达到训练网络的目的。生成器和判别器能够模拟高光谱影像的样本分布来辅助训练分类器，因此能够提高高光谱影像的分类精度。分别采用Pavia大学和Salinas高光谱数据集进行分类试验，试验结果表明提出的分类方法能够在小样本条件下提高高光谱影像的分类精度。 相似文献
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The kernel function is a key factor to determine the performance of a support vector machine (SVM) classifier. Choosing and constructing appropriate kernel function models has been a hot topic in SVM studies. But so far, its implementation can only rely on the experience and the specific sample characteristics without a unified pattern. Thus, this article explored the related theories and research findings of kernel functions, analyzed the classification characteristics of EO-1 Hyperion hyperspectral imagery, and combined a polynomial kernel function with a radial basis kernel function to form a new kernel function model (PRBF). Then, a hyperspectral remote sensing imagery classifier was constructed based on the PRBF model, and a genetic algorithm (GA) was used to optimize the SVM parameters. On the basis of theoretical analysis, this article completed object classification experiments on the Hyperion hyperspectral imagery of experimental areas and verified the high classification accuracy of the model. The experimental results show that the effect of hyperspectral image classification based on this PRBF model is apparently better than the model established by a single global or local kernel function and thus can greatly improve the accuracy of object identification and classification. The highest overall classification accuracy and kappa coefficient reached 93.246% and 0.907, respectively, in all experiments. 相似文献
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从支持向量机的基本理论出发,结合高光谱数据的分离性测度,提出了一种基于分离性测度的二叉树多类支持向量机分类器,并用OMIS传感器获得的高光谱遥感数据和Hyperion高光谱遥感数据进行实验,分析比较了各种多类SVM的分类精度,并和传统的光谱角制图和最小距离分类算法进行了比较。结果表明,SVM进行高光谱分类时,基于分离性测度的二叉树多支持向量机的分类精度最高。 相似文献
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由于物体表面的空间分布通常是富有规律且局部连续的,在高光谱影像分类中应充分利用其光谱和空间信息。本文在对高光谱影像立方体进行降维处理的基础上,提出了一种联合空域和谱域信息的高光谱影像高效分类方法。首先,分别选用主成分分析(Principal Component Analysis,PCA)和正交投影波段选择(Orthogonal Projection Band Selection,OPBS)两种方法对原始高光谱数据进行预处理,获取降维后的影像数据。然后在其基础上提取扩展形态学特征(Extended Morphology Profiles,EMP)和地物表面纹理特征,组成联合光谱和纹理、形状结构特征。最后,采用支持向量机(Support Vector Machine,SVM)分类器对联合特征进行分类。针对不同真实高光谱数据集的实验结果表明,本文提出的方法运算效率高且具有令人满意的分类性能。 相似文献
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C. Sothe C. M. De Almeida M. B. Schimalski L. E. C. La Rosa J. D. B. Castro R. Q. Feitosa 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2020,57(3):369-394
ABSTRACT The classification of tree species can significantly benefit from high spatial and spectral information acquired by unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) associated with advanced classification methods. This study investigated the following topics concerning the classification of 16 tree species in two subtropical forest fragments of Southern Brazil: i) the potential integration of UAV-borne hyperspectral images with 3D information derived from their photogrammetric point cloud (PPC); ii) the performance of two machine learning methods (support vector machine – SVM and random forest – RF) when employing different datasets at a pixel and individual tree crown (ITC) levels; iii) the potential of two methods for dealing with the imbalanced sample set problem: a new weighted SVM (wSVM) approach, which attributes different weights to each sample and class, and a deep learning classifier (convolutional neural network – CNN), associated with a previous step to balance the sample set; and finally, iv) the potential of this last classifier for tree species classification as compared to the above mentioned machine learning methods. Results showed that the inclusion of the PPC features to the hyperspectral data provided a great accuracy increase in tree species classification results when conventional machine learning methods were applied, between 13 and 17% depending on the classifier and the study area characteristics. When using the PPC features and the canopy height model (CHM), associated with the majority vote (MV) rule, the SVM, wSVM and RF classifiers reached accuracies similar to the CNN, which outperformed these classifiers for both areas when considering the pixel-based classifications (overall accuracy of 84.4% in Area 1, and 74.95% in Area 2). The CNN was between 22% and 26% more accurate than the SVM and RF when only the hyperspectral bands were employed. The wSVM provided a slight increase in accuracy not only for some lesser represented classes, but also some major classes in Area 2. While conventional machine learning methods are faster, they demonstrated to be less stable to changes in datasets, depending on prior segmentation and hand-engineered features to reach similar accuracies to those attained by the CNN. To date, CNNs have been barely explored for the classification of tree species, and CNN-based classifications in the literature have not dealt with hyperspectral data specifically focusing on tropical environments. This paper thus presents innovative strategies for classifying tree species in subtropical forest areas at a refined legend level, integrating UAV-borne 2D hyperspectral and 3D photogrammetric data and relying on both deep and conventional machine learning approaches. 相似文献
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精准农田识别是农作物估产和粮食安全评估的基础。遥感数据作为农田识别的重要数据源,可提供动态、快速的监测结果。高光谱数据在农田识别分类方面具有巨大的应用潜力,但其中的冗余波段影响了分类效率和分类精度。因此,本研究提出了一种适用于高光谱数据农田分类的混合式特征选择算法。首先,基于变量的重要性排序或约束程度,按步长逐步进行降维;其次,寻找分类精度骤减的转折点,并将其对应的变量作为特征子集;最后,利用序列后向选择SBS（Sequential Backward Selection）方法搜索最优分类特征子集。本研究利用GF-5高光谱数据,共研究了3种降维方法（随机森林RF（Random Forest）、互信息MI（Multi-Information）和L1正则化（L1 regularization））和3种分类算法（随机森林、支持向量机SVM（Support Vector Machine）和K近邻KNN（K-Nearest Neighbor））的组合在农田分类中的表现。结果表明,基于L1正则化法得到的特征子集自相关性较低,并且包含的红边和近红外波段有效提高了农田、森林和裸土的区分度。在不同分类模型比较中发现,SVM在高维空间中表现出非常好的抗噪能力,分类精度高于RF和KNN。而RF在低维空间中的泛化能力要高于SVM和KNN。相比于第一步降维得到的特征子集,使用SBS搜索得到的最优特征子集均提高了分类精度。最终,具有23维输入的L1-SVM-SBS分类模型得到了最高的总体分类精度（94.64%）和农田召回率（95.83%）。本研究为高光谱数据特征优选提供了一种新思路,筛选出了更具代表性的特征波段,提高了农田分类精度,对高光谱遥感分类研究具有参考价值。 相似文献
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A band selection technique for spectral classification 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
De Backer S. Kempeneers P. Debruyn W. Scheunders P. 《Geoscience and Remote Sensing Letters, IEEE》2005,2(3):319-323
In hyperspectral remote sensing, sensors acquire reflectance values at many different wavelength bands, to cover a complete spectral interval. These measurements are strongly correlated, and no new information might be added when increasing the spectral resolution. Moreover, the higher number of spectral bands increases the complexity of a classification task. Therefore, feature reduction is a crucial step. An alternative would be to choose the required sensor bands settings a priori. In this letter, we introduce a statistical procedure to provide band settings for a specific classification task. The proposed procedure selects wavelength band settings which optimize the separation between the different spectral classes. The method is applicable as a band reduction technique, but it can as well serve the purpose of data interpretation or be an aid in sensor design. Results on a vegetation classification task show an improvement in classification performance over feature selection and other band selection techniques. 相似文献
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Fast Hyperspectral Feature Reduction Using Piecewise Constant Function Approximations 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
The high number of spectral bands that are obtained from hyperspectral sensors, combined with the often limited ground truth, solicits some kind of feature reduction when attempting supervised classification. This letter demonstrates that an optimal constant function representation of hyperspectral signature curves in the mean square sense is capable of representing the data sufficiently to outperform, or match, other feature reduction methods such as principal components transform, sequential forward selection, and decision boundary feature extraction for classification purposes on all of the four hyperspectral data sets that we have tested. The simple averaging of spectral bands makes the resulting features directly interpretable in a physical sense. Using an efficient dynamic programming algorithm, the proposed method can be considered fast. 相似文献