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一.银河内疏散星团的研究 1.天空中恒星密集于一个小的区域,成团集状出现,离日系较近者,肉眼望去,有如薄雾,下细视察,始觉有星可数,称为疏散星团。如金牛座内的毕星团(亦称牛面星团)和昴星团(亦称七姊妹星团)便是显著的两个例子。因疏散星团常在银河内出现,故又称为银河星团。其密集甚紧,拥挤一团者称球状星团。属于星团中的恒星皆作集体运动,经相当长的时期而不离散,是其特征。但以这些星团距离颇远(130至20,000光年),故为肉眼所能望见之数极少,其大多数皆需相当大的望远镜始能观测。 相似文献
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本文利用疏散昨团NGC2286天区内250颗恒星的相对自行及成员概率判定资料，首次对该星团的半径、光度函数以及内部运动等做较深入的研究，分析表明对NGC2286这个中等年龄的星团，正处于动力学演化的初级阶段，在空间和速度上都没有表现出象年老疏散星团M67那样较为明显的分层效应。 相似文献
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巨蟹座中除了著名的蜂巢星团Ｍ４４之外,还有一个疏散星团Ｍ６７也很有名。据天文学家们估算,它的年龄在５０亿年以上,是银河系中最老的疏散星团之一。它也是所有疏散星团中研究得最广泛,获得有关恒星演化和星团年龄的信息最多的一个星团,格外受到天文学家的关注。最... 相似文献
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球状星团历来是业余天文观测者和专业天文学家特别喜爱观测研究的对象之一所谓星团,是由十几颗以上的恒星组成的、受各成员星之间引力束缚在一起的恒星群,其成员星的空间密度显著高于周围的恒星场。根据星团包含的恒星数、星团的形状和在银河系中位置分布的不同,星团又分为疏散星团和球状星团。疏散星团一般由十几颖、数百颗到上千颗恒星组成,结构松散、形状也不规则,它们 相似文献
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疏散星团是探究银河系结构与演化的良好示踪体,一直以来颇受关注.之前关于疏散星团的研究中,仅有一小部分疏散星团有金属丰度参数,而且,金属丰度的测量,是基于不同质量的观测数据,采用了不同的方法.收集了一个年龄大于2 Gyr的老年疏散星团样本,通过整理这些星团成员星的金属丰度数据,一方面,以星团NGC 2682为例,对比了不同光谱巡天项目给出的星团成员星金属丰度的系统差异;另一方面,计算了星团成员星金属丰度的平均值和中位值,作为该疏散星团的金属丰度推荐值.此外,还利用该样本探究了银盘径向金属丰度梯度随时间的演化,结果表明,早期银盘有着更加陡峭的径向金属丰度梯度,随着演化时间的增加,银盘径向金属丰度梯度逐渐趋于平缓,为银盘化学演化模型提供了更加严格的观测约束. 相似文献
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疏散星团是研究星族和银河系形成与演化的理想示踪体。基于LAMOST DR7低分辨率光谱,在视向速度和金属丰度两维空间上,构建包含团星和场星的混合模型：以二维正高斯模型来描述团星的分布,以星团天区周围的恒星来构建场星的分布模型。同时,在模型中考虑了观测误差的影响。对3个具有丰富光谱数据的典型疏散星团进行了拟合。年轻星团Melotte 22和中年星团NGC 2281可以较好地约束其视向速度的内禀弥散,分别为：1.47-1.18+0.95km·s-1和2.05-1.18+1.39km·s-1,而年老星团NGC 2682只能给出速度弥散的上限约为0.96 km·s-1。Melotte22、NGC 2281和NGC 2682的金属丰度内禀弥散分别为：0.170-0.009+0.012dex,(0.108±0.012) dex和(0.050±0.005) dex,都明显大于金属丰度的观测误差(约0.02... 相似文献
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应用《Hipparcos星表》中的自行和视差等数据,可以确定员星团、毕星团以及其它近距疏散星团的距离。对由此所得的结果以及由地面观测已得的结果作了评述,指出毕星团的距离问题已经圆满解决,等于（46．34±0．27）pc。可是,由Hipparcos定出的昂星团距离,却比最新的一些地面测定结果近了10％以上．另外,由Hipparcos定出的其他近距星团的距离,明显地分为两种情况,即由鬼星团、后发星团、英仙星团和Blanco1星团确定了一条主序,而易星团与IC2301和IC2602两个星团一起,得出了另一条主序,两者相比,后者暗了约0．5mag．这些问题与矛盾,有待于进一步的地面和未来的空间观测来解决。 相似文献
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准确的成员判定是星团蓝离散星研究的首要问题。本利用星团的测光、自行和视向速度等数据及观测资料，对10个较年老的疏散星团进行了蓝离散星的证认和成员确定工作，从而为进一步的研究提供了较纯的星团蓝离散星样本。 相似文献
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《Chinese Astronomy and Astrophysics》2006,30(3):274-283
or stars in the region around the open cluster NGC6530, cluster memberships are calculated based on the maximum likelihood principle using proper motions obtained from photographic plates acquired with the 40 cm refraction telescope at Shanghai Astronomical Observatory. Analyses show that the membership determination is very effective with 250 stars having membership probabilities p ≥ 0.9. The spatial motion of the star cluster is also determined and a simple discussion is carried out. 相似文献
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Jun-Liang Zhao Li Chen Wen Wen Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai Shanghai University Shanghai 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2006,6(4):435-446
From photographic plate data of Shanghai Astronomical Observatory with a time baseline of 87 years, proper motions and membership probabilities of 364 stars in the open cluster NGC 6530 region are reduced. On the basis of membership determination, luminosity function and segregation effect of the cluster are discussed with details. Spatial mass segregation is obviously present in NGC 6530 while there is no clear evidence for a velocity-mass (or velocity-luminosity) dependence. The observed spatial mass segregation for NGC 6530 might be due to a combination of initial conditions and relaxation process. 相似文献
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We discuss the determination of membership of 42 open clusters. Our analysis shows that Vasilevskis' mathematical model can be reasonably applied to this case. Our improved version of Sanders' method and our definition of cluster member based on the principles of discriminatory analysis effectively exclude stars of low probabilities. It is important in the study of open cluster to use only those with high probabilities. The effectiveness of the statistical method is closely related to the velocity distributions of the member and field stars. For fields where the error rate is high, it is better to combine other data than proper motion in determining membership. 相似文献
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Membership determination is the key-important step to study open clusters, which can directly in?uence on the estimation of open clusters’ physical parameters. DBSCAN (Density Based Spatial Clustering of Applications with Noise) is a density-based clustering algorithm in data mining techniques. In this paper the DBSCAN algorithm has been used for the ?rst time to make the membership determination of the open clusters NGC 6791 and M 67 (NGC 2682). Our results indicate that the DBSCAN algorithm can effectively eliminate the contamination of ?eld stars. The obtained member stars of NGC 6791 exhibit clearly a doubled main-sequence structure in the color-magnitude diagram, implying that NGC 6791 may have a more complicated history of star formation and evolution. The clustering analysis of M67 indicates the presence of mass segregation, and the distinct relative motion between the central part and the outer part of the cluster. These results demonstrate that the DBSCAN algorithm is an effective method of membership determination, and that it has some advantages superior to the conventional kinematic method. 相似文献
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球状星团是银河系中最年老的天体之一，是储存着银河系早期演化珍贵信息的“化石”．球状星团的天体测量，主要包括球状星因天区内恒星相对自行的测定，并由这些相对自行数据采用适当方法定出星团的绝对自行，或者直接测定绝对自行．利用这些自行数据，或者进一步与测光和视向速度数据结合，可以开展与球状星团的距离、运动、动力学状况、质量、年龄、演化等等以及银河系的结构和演化等有关的一系列重要的研究．在本文中对本世纪70年代中期以来在球状星团相对自行测定和成员概率估计、内部运动检测、绝对自行测定和空间运动研究这三方面取得的成果和进展以及存在的问题作了评述． 相似文献
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Abundance Gradient from Open Clusters and Implications for the Galactic Disk Evolution 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Jin-Liang Hou * Rui-Xiang Chang Li Chen Shanghai Astronomical Observatory Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai National Astronomical Observatories Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing Galactic structure dynamics Received Jun 《中国天文和天体物理学报》2002,2(1):17-32
1 INTRODUCTIONRadial abundance gradient along the Galactic disk constitutes one of the most importantobservational constraillts fOr models of the evolution of the Galactic disk. The existence of sucha gradient is now well established, through radio and optical observations of HII regions, diskstars, pIanetary nebulae (see Henry and Worthey 1999 for a detailed review) and open clusters(Friel 1995, 1999). An average gradiellt of dlog(X/H)/dR ~ --0.06 dex kpc--' is observed inthe Milky … 相似文献
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Recent analyses of solar spectroscopic data (see Asplund, Grevesse & Sauval 2005 and references therein) suggest a significative variation of the heavy element abundance. The change of the heavy mixture might affect the determination of the cluster ages for two different reasons: the change of theoretical isochrones at fixed metallicity and the variation of the inferred cluster metallicity from the observed [Fe/H]. The first point is analyzed discussing the effects of updating the metal distribution on theoretical evolutionary tracks and isochrones for metallicities suitable for the galactic globular and open clusters and for the bulk population of the Large Magellanic Clouds. The maximum variation of the estimated age is of the order of 10%. The second point is addressed by comparing present theoretical predictions with the very precise observational data of the Hyades cluster from the Hypparcos satellite. 相似文献
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In the field of galaxies images, the relative coordinate positions of each star with respect to all the other stars are adapted. Therefore the membership of star cluster will be adapted by two basic criterions, one for geometric membership and other for physical (photometric) membership. So in this paper, we presented a new method for the determination of open cluster membership based on K-means clustering algorithm. This algorithm allows us to efficiently discriminate the cluster membership from the field stars. To validate the method we applied it on NGC 188 and NGC 2266, membership stars in these clusters have been obtained. The color-magnitude diagram of the membership stars is significantly clearer and shows a well-defined main sequence and a red giant branch in NGC 188, which allows us to better constrain the cluster members and estimate their physical parameters. The membership probabilities have been calculated and compared to those obtained by the other methods. The results show that the K-means clustering algorithm can effectively select probable member stars in space without any assumption about the spatial distribution of stars in cluster or field. The similarity of our results is in a good agreement with results derived by previous works. 相似文献
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利用上海天文台的照相底片资料,确定了疏散星团NGC6530天区364颗恒星的自行和成员概率,并对有关自行测定的方法、结果和精度等问题作了较为详细的介绍和讨论。使用的底片历元差为87年,全部恒星自行中误差的均方根值为1．09mas/a。 相似文献
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It is by now well established that open clusters contain a considerable fraction of brown dwarfs (BDs). This paper investigates
the dynamical evolution of this substellar population by using simulations with Aarseth's (1994) NBODY5 code. A noticeable
preferential escape of BDs is found, which may influence the determination of the IMF of substellar objects in dynamically
evolved open clusters. This small dynamical-in-origin depletion may not explain, however, the scarcity of BDs observed in
some evolved clusters, as the Hyades. On the other hand, BD cooling processes are able to reduce our ability to detect BDs
in old clusters in a very significant way. Our results confirm that the probability of observing BDs in open clusters is almost
the same over the whole cluster area because they are distributed quite uniformly even at late stages of the evolution of
the cluster. This is expected to be a general feature as observed for low-mass stars in well studied open clusters (Pleiades,
Praesepe). Our present calculations show that clusters as old as the Pleiades may have lost about 10% of their initial BD
population but the number ratio of BDs to normal (not substellar) stars must remain almost unchanged. However, the long-term
behavior of the relative percentage of BDs depends strongly on the initial mass function (IMF) assumed in the calculations.
Clusters with a Salpeterian IMF evolve to reach relative percentages of BDs as low as 40% for a starting value around 70%.
Our results suggest that BDs in clusters escape preferentially by evaporation.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献