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中国天文学会2004年学术年会于2004年11 月8-10日在厦门大学召开。会议由中国天文学会 主办,厦门大学、福建省天文学会承办.与会代表 211人,其中学者141人,研究生70人。王绶琯、 叶叔华、苏定强、陈建生、熊大闰、艾国祥、方成、黄 润乾、陆埮等9位中国科学院院士参加了会议。 11月8日上午8时30分,由学会严俊秘书 长主持的开幕式开始。苏定强理事长致开幕词.他 相似文献
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2000年:太阳活动峰年 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
太阳,日复一日,年复一年,始终是那么光辉灿烂。所以天文学家常说:太阳是一颗稳定的恒星。然而,就在这宁静而稳定的太阳上,也有着壮丽的景色,变幻的风云,甚至猛烈的爆发,它们使太阳的面貌显得更加生机勃勃、丰富多彩。天文学家们把这些现象统称为“太阳活动”。 日面黑子?.. 相似文献
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Р. М. Мурадян 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1980,69(2):325-337
, J=(m/m
p)1+1/n
, n=2 , n=3 , . , . , , . - wc m
P, G c . -. 相似文献
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本文对SN1987A作了较全面的概述。介绍了其前身星有关参数后,先论述了中微子天文学和SN1987A的关系,然后对其各波段即从光变曲线、光谱、紫外、红外、射电以及X射线和γ射线的观测作了详细论述,最后讨论了前身星模型和理论研究。 相似文献
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从天体距离到质子、电子 让我们先阐述几个概念: 1.我们计量距离、时间和质量的单位分别为米和光年、秒和年以及克和千克,而外星人不可能理解这些单位,但宇宙间所有的物质,包括智慧生命在内都是由原子及组成原子的亚原子粒子构成的。因此,有科学家提出若以核子(nucleon)为基础制定长度、时间和质量的计 相似文献
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晴朗夜空,点点繁星,大多数肉眼可见的亮星都是恒星。恒星这个庞大的家族也像我们人类有高矮胖瘦、男女老幼一般:虽然同样是在不断地燃烧自己,释放着光芒,但是每一个个体从质量、亮度、年龄、颜色上看,都不尽相同。所以,夜空中的繁星点点,展现出了恒星家族的成员百态,从刚刚诞生的襁褓婴儿,到垂暮之年的耄耋老人,一下子都尽收眼底。 相似文献
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Comet Hale-Bopp was the largest comet by almost any definition, observed at least since the advent of modern observing techniques. In a more typical comet both the chemical and dynamical influences of collisional processes are limited by the short time a parcel of gas sublimated from the nucleus remains in the dense part of the coma. The resulting large size of the collisional coma in comet Hale-Bopp had important consequences on the dynamics of the coma, which in turn has important consequences on how observations are interpreted with standard models. Measured velocities of typical gas species (mostly the observed radicals) as well as dust were larger than normal comets. Conversely, velocities of super thermal atomic hydrogen were smaller than normal because of the samecollisional processes. Furthermore, as a consequence, dust particles, which are dragged by the outflowing gas, were also accelerated to larger velocities. Such larger velocities are not simply an interesting curiosity in their own right, because nearly all observations of dust and gas are interpreted with models of the coma that depend directly on some measurement or assumption with regard to velocity. In this presentation both observations and theory regarding the dynamical conditions in the coma of comet Hale-Bopp are summarized. 相似文献
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All landforms on Titan that are unambiguously identifiable can be explained by exogenic processes (aeolian, fluvial, impact cratering, and mass wasting). Previous suggestions of endogenically produced cryovolcanic constructs and flows have, without exception, lacked conclusive diagnostic evidence. The modification of sparse recognizable impact craters (themselves exogenic) can be explained by aeolian and fluvial erosion. Tectonic activity could be driven by global thermal evolution or external forcing, rather than by active interior processes. A lack of cryovolcanism would be consistent with geophysical inferences of a relatively quiescent interior: incomplete differentiation, only minor tidal heating, and possibly a lack of internal convection today. Titan might be most akin to Callisto with weather: an endogenically relatively inactive world with a cool interior. We do not aim to disprove the existence of any and all endogenic activity at Titan, nor to provide definitive alternative hypotheses for all landforms, but instead to inject a necessary level of caution into the discussion. The hypothesis of Titan as a predominantly exogenic world can be tested through additional Cassini observations and analyses of putative cryovolcanic features, geophysical and thermal modeling of Titan’s interior evolution, modeling of icy satellite landscape evolution that is shaped by exogenic processes alone, and consideration of possible means for supplying Titan’s atmospheric constituents that do not rely on cryovolcanism. 相似文献
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目前观测到的海王星特洛伊天体已有17颗并已积累了较为精确的轨道数据,系统分析了这些天体轨道的动力学稳定性.数值结果表明:除去两个寿命短到只有数万年和百万年的临时海王星特洛伊,大部分天体在其轨道根数不确定范围内都可以存活至45亿年.大约有一半的海王星特洛伊在45亿年的时间内离开共振区,而逃离的途径是复杂动力学机制下轨道根数空间内缓慢的扩散.在半人马小行星群中识别并证认了一个新的海王星特洛伊天体2012 UW177,数值模拟表明该天体目前正在围绕海王星L4点的蝌蚪形轨道上运动.该天体大约在23万年前进入当前轨道,且未来将在该轨道停留至少130万年.约54°的倾角使得它的轨道成为最倾斜的轨道,并且使得该天体展现经由拟卫星轨道的复杂有趣的共轨轨道转换. 相似文献
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K. D. Cole 《Astrophysics and Space Science》1988,144(1-2):549-556
Dead pulsars outnumber live pulsars by a factor of 104. It is estimated that there are 3×109 of them in our Galaxy. The exospheres of the atmosphere of dead pulsars are characterised by cosmic-ray energies per particle, as the result of accretion of cold particles from interstellar space. Velocities of particles in the exosphere tend to be Maxwellianised by collisions there. The temperature of the exosphere from which particles escape is of the order of 1012 K while the temperature of the photosphere closer to the surface of the pulsar is of the order of 107 K. Collisions in the exosphere result in Jeans's type escape of cosmic rays with GeV energies at infinity. Two braod ranges of conditions for the exospheres are considered (a) with no magnetic fields involved, and (b) with magnetic fields. Similar conclusions are reached regarding the escape of cosmic rays. Conditions are delineated such that the exospheres of dead pulsars might be major sources of cosmic rays.Paper dedicated to Professor Hannes Alfvén on the occasion of his 80th birthday, 30 May 1988. 相似文献
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《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2015,(11)
The famous ancient supernova SN 1054 could have been too bright to be explained in the "standard" radioactive-powered supernova scenario. As an alternative attempt, we demonstrate that the spin-down of the newly born Crab pulsar could provide a sufficient energy supply to make SN 1054 visible at daytime for 23 days and at night for 653 days, where a one-zone semi-analytical model is employed. Our results indicate that SN 1054 could be a "normal" cousin of magnetar-powered superluminous supernovae. Therefore, SN 1054-like supernovae could be a probe to uncover the properties of newly born neutron stars, which provide initial conditions for studies on neutron star evolutions. 相似文献
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Werner Collmar 《天文研究与技术》2003,(Z1)
1 IntroductionMuchprogressinourknowledgeontheγ rayemissionofextragalacticobjectswasmadeduringthemission (April 1 991toJune 2 0 0 0 )oftheComptonGamma RayObservatory (CGRO) .TheCGROexperiments,coveringtheenergyrangebetween 50keVand 2 0GeV ,detectedabout 1 1 5ActiveGalacticNuclei (AGN) :～ 90blazars,～ 2 5Seyfertgalaxies,and 1radiogalaxy.Inaddition ,afewblazarsweredetectedbyground basedCherenkovtelescopesatenergiesaboveseveralhundredsofGeVduringthisperiod .Thesedetectionsfinallyopen… 相似文献
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H.M. Tovmassian 《Astronomische Nachrichten》2002,323(5):488-493
It is shown that the radial velocity dispersion of the elongated HCGs (b/a ≤ 0.2) with smaller two‐dimensional galaxy‐galaxy median projected separation R is, on average, higher than those of the groups with larger R. It shows that galaxies in a group move preferentially along its elongation. Inspection of radial velocities of member galaxies in chain‐like and in roundish HCGs shows that galaxies in HCGs most probably rotate around the gravitational center of the corresponding group. Other two possible mechanisms: flying apart of galaxies from the group in opposite directions, and infall of field galaxies upon the group are excluded. It follows that HCGs are, probably, more stable formations, than it has been assumed. In this case the known inconsistencies between the results of the N‐body simulations and the observational facts are being excluded. 相似文献
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研究了环绕致密天体的吸积盘的稳定性质和振动模式。特别关注了在热致和粘滞扰动作用下稳定的对流起支配作用的盘外流。还研究了相对论性吸积盘的振动模式。一些在盘内的捕获的 ,非衰减的模式也许可以用来解释X射线双星和活动星系核中所观测到的准周期振动。 相似文献