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1.
矿区土地复垦与生态重建   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
随着矿产资源大量开采导致的土地资源破坏、景观破碎化和生态系统退化等生态问题日益突出,矿山土地复垦和生态重建越来越受到专家学者和政府部门的重视。运用文献资料法、归纳分析法和比较分析法,探讨土地复垦与生态重建的关系,总结国内外土地复垦与生态重建的发展,分析土地复垦与生态重建的土壤重构、地貌重塑、植被重建、景观再造、生物多样性重现和生态功能维持等关键技术;借鉴国外发达国家土地复垦与生态重建的经验,提出强化土地复垦与生态重建的关键技术研发、加强土地复垦与生态重建的学科发展、打造土地复垦与生态重建的技术创新平台、加强土地复垦与生态重建的配套政策制定等相关措施,以期促进矿区的社会经济和生态协调发展。  相似文献   

2.
芦山地震灾后重建地区土地资源安全评价   总被引:5,自引:2,他引:3  
地震灾后恢复重建的土地资源安全评价是资源环境承载能力评价的基础性工作之一,为灾后恢复重建工作的开展提供科学依据。针对灾后重建地区土地资源安全评价的特殊性,本文以芦山地震灾后重建地区为例,综合考虑地质条件与灾害危险性、水土资源条件、生态环境等3大类要素及8个评价因子,构建了芦山地震灾后重建地区土地资源安全评价模型,并利用GIS空间分析方法对栅格单元和行政单元的土地资源安全进行了评价和分级。结果表明:属于安全类的土地面积为2409.30 km2,占灾区土地总面积的5.63%,主要分布于灾区东部的山前平原区,这类区域应该被视为灾后重建选址的首选区域,较安全类可以作为安全类区域的补充选择,而一般安全类在作为灾后重建选址的备选区域时应做好充分的防护措施;灾区21县中仅有6个县的土地资源安全指数大于0.60,它们均位于灾区东部的山前平原区;在属于极重灾区和重灾区的6县中,只有名山区具有较高的土地资源安全指数(0.76),可重建土地面积为468.33 km2,且其人均可重建土地面积也相对较高,应作为极重灾区和重灾区灾后异地重建进行大规模人口集聚、城市建设和产业发展的首选区域。本研究提出的评价模型适应于具有同类地质灾害的研究区域,也可以为具有相似地质、地形和资源环境条件的区域开展研究提供参考。  相似文献   

3.
晋陕蒙接壤区土地退化类型及其评价   总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5  
晋陕蒙接壤区是我国土地退化的典型地区,表现出土地退化类型复杂多样,分布重叠。为此,设计了土地退化度指标,进行综合评价。该指标能较好地反映本区16个县(旗、市)的土地退化状况和程度。  相似文献   

4.
河岸带及其生态重建研究   总被引:41,自引:3,他引:41  
张建春  彭补拙 《地理研究》2002,21(3):373-383
河岸带具有重要的生态、社会、经济和旅游价值。河岸带研究以生态学、水文学和地貌学为基础涉及多种学科和技术。我国河岸带及其退化生态系统重建理论与实践研究均较为薄弱。本文基于 6年河岸带退化生态系统重建的科学研究实践 ,阐述了河岸带研究的意义、内容及其生态、经济和社会效能 ;分析了河岸带生态重建的理论与技术方法 ,探讨了河岸带滩地生态重建的措施及河岸带今后管理的目标、原则和方向 ,并以皖天柱山麓潜水河岸带滩地生态重建为例进行了验证  相似文献   

5.
长时间序列的土地利用/ 土地覆被数据是开展全球变化、可持续发展及生态安全等各项研究的重要基础。然而,早期的土地利用/ 土地覆被数据,特别是卫星遥感数据出现之前 的土地利用/ 土地覆被信息通常很难获取。利用TM、MSS 遥感影像数据和地形图、气候、地质、地貌、土壤、植被、水文等自然环境背景图件以及数据,社会经济统计数据等多源数 据,选择大庆市杜尔伯特蒙古族自治县作为典型案例区,在GIS 技术支持下建立了土地利用/ 土地覆被数字重建模型,再现了典型研究区20 世纪30 年代和50 年代土地利用/ 土地覆被空间分布状况。通过野外调查和历史文献资料对土地利用数字重建结果进行精度评价并初步得到以下结论:① 采用逐个图斑跟踪记录的方法对研究区各个时期土地利用/ 覆被变化的敏感 性进行分析,有利于揭示区域土地利用/ 土地覆被变化的规律;② 在定量、定位分析环境背景对土地利用/ 土地覆被分布及其变化的影响基础上,综合判断各种土地利用/ 土地覆被分布概率,其结果可为土地利用数字重建提供依据;③ 对1:10 万地形图提取土地利用信息的可行性与可信度分析表明,地形图中土地利用信息完全能够达到一级土地利用分类精度,同时疏林地、灌木林、沼泽地、盐碱地、沙地等二级分类信息也能获取。  相似文献   

6.
基于逻辑回归模型的环北京地区土地退化态势分析   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
以环北京地区为研究区域,从土地利用类型变化和农用地质量下降两个方面分析了环北京地区土地退化状况,并利用逻辑回归模型分析了土地退化与气候、地貌、植被、土壤、人口、土地利用变化、社会经济因子之间关系,探讨土地退化的发展趋势。研究结果表明,风蚀土地是环北京地区土地退化的主要类型,主要分布在监测区内蒙古高原西北部、坝上高原北部及阴山北部地区,从监测区的西北到东南方向,土地退化数量逐渐减少;由牧草地退化而增加沙地是土地利用类型变化造成退化的重要类型,主要集中在浑善达克沙地监测区。基于建立的沙地增加、风蚀土地和水蚀土地逻辑回归模型,年均降雨量和土壤有机质对环北京地区沙地增加的影响最强,沙地增加最可能的区域将主要分布在浑善达克沙地的边缘地带和科尔沁沙地的东部区域;NDVI和土壤有机质对环北京地区风蚀土地影响最强,风蚀土地最可能发生的区域集中在浑善达克沙地南部;NDVI、坡度和土壤湿度对环北京地区水蚀土地影响最强,水蚀土地最可能发生的区域集中在监测区的东南部,并且所预测的最可能发生土地退化的区域与已存在的退化土地区域具有一定的相关性。通过以上分析,最后提出了环北京地区生态环境建设的建议。  相似文献   

7.
秦彤  李功权  范佳晨 《干旱区地理》2022,45(5):1490-1499
三江源黄河源园区作为黄河的发源地,它的生态系统对整个黄河流域至关重要。针对研究区2000—2020年存在的土地退化问题,选取土壤侵蚀模数、沙化特征指数与土壤湿度指数,采用空间托普利茨逆协方差聚类法开展了3个参数的聚类分析,从而进行黄河源园区土地退化时空演化分析,并采用极致梯度提升法进行时空演化影响因素分析。结果表明:(1) 土地退化现象最严重的地区是中部偏南地区与东北地区,其次为偏北地区。(2) 东北地区存在水土流失与土地沙化2种问题,中部偏南地区以严重的水土流失为主,偏北地区主要表现为土地沙化问题。(3) 近20 a来,土地退化指数呈现波动性下降,土地退化整体趋于好转,在偏南地区表现得更明显。(4) 水土流失问题整体好转,偏北地区有土地沙化的风险。该研究对掌握黄河源园区土地退化的时空分布及发展趋势、推进黄河源园区生态保护具有重要意义。  相似文献   

8.
中国历史时期土地覆被数据集地理空间重建进展评述   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
重建长时间序列具有空间属性的土地覆被数据集,对研究历史时期土地利用/土地覆被变化及其气候和生态效应具有重要意义。近年来,国内外学者就定量重建中国区域历史土地覆被数据集进行了积极探索。但由于历史时期土地利用数据来源多元、重建方法多样、验证方式各异等原因,不同学者的重建结果迥异,其中重建方法是导致差异形成的重要原因之一。本文从重建思路、假设和方法、结果验证等方面对覆盖中国区域的主要空间数据集进行了综合评述,结果表明:①基于历史记录的还原法和基于地理空间模型的重建法是历史土地覆被空间重建的主要方法,而根据建模过程,后者又可进一步分为“自上而下”的配置模型和“自下而上”的演化模型法。②基于数量重建进行空间重建是当前历史土地覆被数据集重建的主流,在缺少充分、客观历史数据的条件下,对基础数据、分布控制因素和限制因子进行合理假设是取得合理结果的重要条件。③为提高研究成果的解释力,需要对重建结果进行检验,直接验证法虽较为准确,但受时空尺度限制,具有显著的局限性,间接验证法可作为有效的补充。  相似文献   

9.
基于土地利用格局重建的区域生境质量时空变化分析   总被引:9,自引:1,他引:9  
张学儒  周杰  李梦梅 《地理学报》2020,75(1):160-178
区域生境质量决定了区域内生物多样性状况,是生态系统服务功能和生态系统健康程度的重要体现,生境质量变化研究对区域生态安全具有重要的意义,重建区域生境质量空间格局可以还原历史时期的生态环境本底,为揭示区域生态环境质量演变规律提供科学支撑。选取高程、坡度、坡向、GDP、人口、温度、降雨量、河流距离、城市距离和海岸线距离10个土地利用变化驱动因子,构建CA-Markov模型参数,模拟得到历史土地利用空间数据。在此基础上,运用InVEST模型重建泛长三角地区生境质量空间格局,并对计算得到的生境退化度指数和生境质量指数进行等级划分与统计分析。结果表明:① 土地利用模拟精度验证结果显示Kappa系数为0.88,土地利用空间格局重建方法可行,可以在此基础上开展生境质量模拟研究。② 泛长三角地区1975—2010年生境退化度逐期上升,生境退化等级在空间分布上呈圈层递变分布规律。生境质量则表现为逐期下降,高值区主要分布于山区,低值区大部分位于建成区;1975—2010年期间,低值区逐渐向周边高值区域演变,生境高值区域趋于破碎化。③ 1975—2010年生境质量时空变化特征表明:生境质量差等级区域,其生境难以修复,维持原状居多;生境质量较差等级区域易继续恶化,且易发生在建成区周边区域,占比为研究区总面积的6.40%;生境等级为良好和优等的区域,其生境等级易转换为差等和较差等级,使得该区域的生境破碎化,该类型的面积占比为研究区总面积的5.68%。④ 1975—2010年期间,研究区土地利用变化显著,对生境质量造成了巨大的影响;研究区生境质量逐期变差,其生境质量等级位于较差及以下区域面积占比均达到了60%以上,建设用地为生境质量最大的威胁因子。  相似文献   

10.
退化山地生态系统恢复和重建问题的探讨   总被引:59,自引:10,他引:49  
结合近15年来在岷江上游退化山地系统开展恢复与重建研究的理论和实践,讨论和提出了退化山地生态系统恢复和重建的恰当空间尺度,合理目标,恢复和重建的策略,途径及应采取的措施。  相似文献   

11.
绿洲农业结构调整的问题探讨   总被引:9,自引:6,他引:3  
通过对绿洲农业结构的调整的内涵与原则的探讨,论述了绿洲农业结构调整的方向性和主导产业的选择,认为建立优质、高产、高效的特色种植业,大力发展畜牧业、草业(绿色饲料业)和园艺业,发展农产品加工业以及农产品流通业是绿洲农业结构调整的主导方向,通过这些产业的发展可以优化绿洲农业结构,能将资源优势转化为商品优势和市场优势,提高绿洲农业的总体效益。  相似文献   

12.
Yonghua Zou 《Urban geography》2018,39(7):1060-1069
The characteristic town program is one of China’s latest industrialization and urbanization strategies. Originating in Zhejiang, characteristic towns are expected to serve as platforms for industrial upgrading and the promotion urbanization. This paper attempts to analyze the characteristic town program by examining the reasons behind the origination of characteristic towns, as well as elucidating the towns’ components. The paper argues that this exploratory local program has been leveraged into a national-level strategy because the primary idea underlying characteristic towns has been in accordance with several of China’s critical policies. Furthermore, the paper presents the challenges that the characteristic town program has encountered. The characteristic town program can be viewed as a new effort of entrepreneurial governments and a spatial fix for capital during the period of industrial upgrading. This paper helps us to better understand one of China’s explorations in searching for a new dynamic of industrialization and urbanization.  相似文献   

13.
武汉城市圈产业结构分析与重组   总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2  
运用区位熵方法分析武汉城市圈"1 8"中心城市的产业结构和经济发展阶段,结合偏离份额分析法揭示出:城市圈已经形成以主导产业为龙头的经济一体化态势,但产业经济基础城际差异明显,形成一定圈层分异,内圈层鄂-黄-孝城市群产业经济发展较快,基本处于工业化初中期的较高经济发展阶段,产业结构相对外圈层(其它5个城市)更有竞争力,核心城市武汉表现最为明显,处于"一极集聚"的产业格局,空间极化明显;产业结构以二产为主体,工业化构成城市圈整体的产业经济基础,一产局部占重要战略地位,整体竞争优势不明显,二、三产向"质量型"发展,具备较强劲产业升级拉动力.针对城际主导产业关联性不强、产业链群未能充分发育、区域产业经济一体化程度较弱的结构性问题,提出武汉城市圈"一核三圈三带四链"的产业格局优化重组战略.  相似文献   

14.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Development and Environment in Peninsular Malaysia . S. Robert Aiken, Colin H. Leigh, Thomas R. Leinbach, Michael R. Moss. The Rural-Urban Fringe: Canadian Perspectives . Ken B. Beesley and Lorne H. Russwurm, eds. Women and Development . Lourdes Benería, ed. The Border that Joins: Mexican Migrants and U.S. Responsibility . Peter G. Brown and Henry Shue, eds. Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development . Stanley D. Brunn and Jack L. Williams, eds. Time Resources, Society, and Ecology: On the Capacity for Human Interaction in Space and Time (Vol. I, Preindustrial Societies). Tommy Carlstein. Urban Geography . David Clark. Spanish City Planning in North America . Dora P. Crouch, Daniel J. Garr, and Axel I. Mundigo. Not On Our Street: Community Attitudes to Mental Health Care . M. J. Dear and S. M. Taylor Unequal growth: Urban and Regional Employment Change in the U.K. Stephen Fothergill and Graham Gudgin. Agricultural Land in an Urban Society . Owen J. Furuseth and John T. Pierce. The Petroleum Industry in Oil-Importing Developing Countries . Fariborz Ghadar. Historical Understanding in Geography, An Idealist Approach . Leonard Guelke. Regional Planning in Europe . R. Hudson and J. R. Lewis, eds. Remote Sensing for Resource Management . Chris J. Johannsen and James L. Sanders, eds. Geography and The State . R. J. Johnston. Texas Graveyards: a Cultural Legacy . Tlrry G. Jordan. The Politics of Location: An Introduction . Andrew Kirby. A Social Geography of the City . David Ley. Energy and the Future . Douglas MacLean and Peter Brown, eds. The Natural Environment of Newfoundland Past and Present . A. G. Macpherson and J. B. Macpherson, eds. Tourism: Economic, Physical and Social Impacts . Alister Mathieson and Geoffrey Wall. Railroads and Land Grant Policy: A Study in Government Intervention . Lloyd J. Mercer. Progress in Rural Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Progress in Urban Geography . Michael Pacione, ed. Models of Spatial Inequality: Settlement Patterns in Historical Archaeology . Robert Paynter. Natural Hazard Risk Assessment and Public Policy, Anticipating the Unexpected . William J. Petak and Arthur A. Atkisson. The Nature of Geomorphology . Alistair F. Pitty. Regional Conflict and National Policy . Kent A. Price Women and Spatial Change: Learning Resources for Social Science Courses . Arlene C. Rengert and Janice J. Monk, eds. Urban and Regional Analysis for Development Planning . Richard Rhoda. Rivers: Form and Process in Alluvial Channels . Keith Richards. This Remarkable Continent: An Atlas of United States and Canadian Society and Culture . John F. Rooney, Jr., Wilbur Zelinsky, and Dean R. Louder, gen. eds. The Origins of Open-Field Agriculture . Trevor Rowley, ed. Residential Location Determinants of the Older Population . Gundars Rudzitis. Borderland Sourcebook: A Guide to the Literature on Northern Mexico and the American Southwest . Ellwyn R. Stoddard, Richard L. Nostrand, and Jonathan P. West, eds. Arctic and Antarctic . David Sugden. Tall Timbers Ecology and Management Conference, February 22–24, 1979, Proceedings No. 16 . Graphic Communication and Design in Contemporary Cartography (Progress in Contemporary Cartography , Vol. II). D. R. Fraser Taylor, ed. Living with Energy Shortfall: A Future for American Towns and Cities . Jon Van Til. The United States: Habitation of Hope . J. Wreford Watson. Air Photo Interpretation for Archaeologists . D. R. Wilson. Urban and Rural Change in West Germany . Trevor Wild, ed. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson.  相似文献   

15.
<正>1 Introduction In 2013,Chagusaba,which is traditional tea-grass integrated system in Shizuoka,were accepted as new world heritage site of agriculture.Shizuoka prefecture occupies a variety of elevations,from 0 to 3000m or more above sea level.Because of the diversity of land features and climates,this area produces 167 agricultural commodities.In addition,a lot of traditional agriculture and over200 local native varieties of crops have been conserved in Shizuoka  相似文献   

16.
<正>There are more than 10000 years of agricultural development history in the world that has provided very fruitful and ingenious traditional knowledge and experiences reflecting the evolution of humanity and the nature.In2002,the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations(FAO)initiated an international partnership initiative of"Conservation and Adaptive Management of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems  相似文献   

17.
18.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: Geography and the Third World. International Seminar, 14–18 May 1980, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia . Ishmail Ahmad and Jamaluddin Md Jahi, eds. The Growth Dilemma: Residents' Views and Local Population Change in the United States . Mark Baldassare. Sport and Place: A Geography of Sport in England, Scotland & Wales . John Bale. The Deindustrialization of America: Plant Closings, Community Abandonment, and the Dismantling of Basic Industry . Barry Bluestone and Bennett Harrison. Selected Essays 1963–1975: Carl O. Sauer . Bob Callahen, ed. Housing and Planning in the Countryside . G. Clark. Conflict, Politics and the Urban Scene . Kevin R. Cox and R. J. Johnston, eds. Thematic Maps: Their Design and Production . David J. Cuff and Mark T. Mattson. Wine: A Geographic Appreciation . Harm Jan de Blij. USSR in Maps . J. C. Dewdney. Political Geography: A Contemporary Perspective . Ramesh D. Dikshit. Rethinking Human Adaptation . Rada Dyson-Hudson and Michael A. Little, eds. Sacred Sands: The Struggle for Community in the indiana Dunes . J. Ronald Engel. Geography of the Biosphere . A. Furley and Walter W. Newey. Disaster and Reconstruction . Robert Geipel. Glasgow: The Making of a City . Andrew Gibb. Design for Arid Regions . Giden S. Golany, ed. Urbanization and Cancer Mortality: The United States Experience, 1950–1975 . Michael R. Greenberg. Geology in the Nineteenth Century: Changing Views of a Changing World . Mott T. Greene. Colonización y Destrucción de Bosques en Panamá . Stanley Heckadon Moreno and Alberto McKay, eds. Urban Geography: A First Approach . David T. Herbert and Colin J. Thomas. The Visual and Spatial Structure of Landscapes . Tadahiko Higuchi. Climate from Tree Rings . M. K. Hughes, P. M. Kelly, J. R. Pilcher, and V. C. LaMarche, Jr., eds. The structure of Nineteenth Century Cities . James H. Johnson and Colin G. Pooley, eds. The American Planner: Biographies and Recollections . Donald A. Krueckeberg, ed. Urban Land Policy For the 1980s, the Message for State and Local Government . George Lefcoe, ed. Regional Planning: Evolution, Crisis and Prospects . Gill C. Lim, ed. Relevance and Ethics In Geography . Bruce Mitchell and Dianne Draper. China: The Geography of Development and Modernization . Clifton W. Pannell and Laurence J. C. MA. The Urban Retailing System . Robert B. Potter. Hants. Nonconventional Energy Resources . Philip R. Pryde. Caribbean Migrants: Environment and Human Survival on St. Kitts and Nevis . Bonham C. Richardson. Population and Resources . Harry Robinson. East Los Angeles: History of A Barrio . Ricardo Romo. Integrated Impact Assessment . Frederick A. Rossini and Alan L. Porter, eds. Environmental Aesthetics: Essays in Interpretation . Barry Sadler and Allen Carlson, eds. Earthwatch . Charles Sheffield. Field Techniques and Research Methods in Geography . Robert H. Stoddard. Haiti: Land of Poverty . Robert J. Tata. Weathering and Erosion: Sources and Methods in Geography . Stephen T. Trudgill. Once Beneath the Forest. Prehistoric Terracing in the Río Bec Region of the Maya Lowlands . B. L. Turner, II. The Historical Geography of Scotland since 1707 . David Turnock.  相似文献   

19.
BOOK REVIEWS     
Book Reviewed in this article: The City in Cultural Context . John Agnew, John Mercer, David Sopher, eds. Soils and Geomorphology Peter W. Birkeland. Urbanization and Settlement Systems, International Perspectives . L. S. Bourne, R. Sinclair, and K. Dziewoński. eds. An Introduction to Urban Historical Geography . Harold Carter. Overshoot, The Ecological Basis of Revolutionary Change . William J. Catton, Jr. Rivers of the World . Eberhard Czaya. Jewish Communities in Frontier Societies: Argentina, Australia and South Africa . Daniel J. Elazar with Peter Medding. Color in Public Spaces: Toward a Communication-Based Theory of the Urban Built Environment. Kenneth E. Foote. Spatial Statistics and Models. Gary L. Gaile and Cort J. Willmott, eds. Mega-Geomorphology. Rita Gardner and Helen Scoging, eds. Technological Change and Regional Development. Gillespie, ed. The Arid Lands: Their Use and Abuse. R. L. Heathcote. The Location of Industry in Britain. A. G. Hoare. Groundwater as a Geomorphic Agent . R. G. LaFleur, ed. Rural Public Services: International Comparisons. Richard E. Lonsdale and Gyorgy Enyedi, eds. Saving Water in a Desert City. William E. Martin, Helen M. Ingram, Nancy K. Laney, and Adrian H. Griffin. Water Resources: Distribution, Use and Management. John R. Mather. Transnationals and the Third World: The Struggle for Culture. Armand Mattelart. South Hadley, MA: USGS Digital Cartographic Data Standards. R. B. McEwen, R. E. Witmer, and B. S. Ramey, eds. The Ecosystem Concept in Anthropology. Emilio F. Moran, ed. Boulder, CO: Women, Men, and the International Division of Labor. June Nash and Maria Patricia Fernandez-Kelly, eds. Nuclear Power: Assessing and Managing Hazardous Technology. Martin J. Pasqualetti and K. David Pijawka, eds. Mary Somerville and the Cultivation of Science 1815-1840. Elizabeth Chalmers Patterson. An Introduction to Coastal Geomorphology. John Pethick. Late Quaternary Environments of the United States , Vol. 1, The Late Pleistocene. Stephen C. Porter, ed. Planning and Ecology. R. D. Roberts and T. M. Roberts, eds. Regionalism and the Pacific Northwest. William G. Robbins, Robert J. Frank, and Richard E. Ross, eds. Environment and Health. Anthony J. Rowland and Paul Cooper. Sunbelt/Snowbelt: Urban Development and Regional Restructuring. Larry Sawers and William K. Tabb, eds. The Bad Earth. Environmental Degradation in China. Vaclav Smil. Armonk, NY: Voyage into Substance: Art, Science, Nature, and the Illustrated Travel Account, 1760–1840. Barbara Maria Stafford. The Institute of British Geographers: The First Fifty Years. Robert W. Steel. Visions of the Past. Christopher Taylor and Richard Muir. Glacial Lake Agassiz. J. T. Teller and Lee Clayton, eds. The Tule Breakers: The Story of the California Dredge. John Thompson and Edward A. Dutra. The Balkan City 1400–1900. Nikolai Todorov. Explanation, Prediction and Planning: the Lowry model. Michael J. Webber. Mercedes Reales: Hispanic Land Grants of the Upper Rio Grande Region. Victor Westphall. The World Atlas of Revolutions. Andrew J. M. Wheatcroft. The West European City, A Social Geography. Paul White. Urban Elites and Mass Transportation. J. Allen Whitt. Princeton, NJ: Urban Life In Contemporary China. Martin King Whyte and William L. Parish. The Demand for Energy in the Soviet Union. David Wilson. London and Canberra: Rethinking Geographical Inquiry. J. David Wood, ed.  相似文献   

20.

Reviews of geographic software in this article:

DEMO-GRAPHICS: WORLD POPULATIONS AND PROJECTIONS.

ESP

GAUSS.

CEMODEL S. Damus

LIMDEP. William H. Greene

MICROSTAT 4.1

OTIS

PCIPS. (Personal Computer Image Processing System). H.J. Meyers and R. Bernstein.

REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF TIME SERIES (RATS)

SPSS/PC+

URBAN DATA MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE (UDMS)  相似文献   

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