共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 969 毫秒
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本文从系统痊局出发,以单元动态可靠度为控制参数,通过加固与拆除重建两种方案提高在径土木基础设施网络系统的抗震可靠性,在近期投资与长远效益间作协调,选择单元加固方案及加固水平,从而给出在径系统的抗震加固优化策略。 相似文献
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从系统全局出发,以管道单元动态抗震可靠度和震后给水管网各节点的动态自由水压为参数,以优化加固后的管网系统震后水压总降幅最小或系统加固总投入最小为优化目标,对加固方案进行优选,从而给出管网系统的抗震加固优化策略。根据管网系统的功能要求、震害特点,将优化变量转化为较少的离散变量,并利用正交枚举法进行简化计算,从而避免了大规模非线性规划求解的困难,为给水管网的抗震加固优化提供了实用有效的方法。 相似文献
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《地震工程与工程振动》2015,(5)
本文对某钢筋混凝土连续梁桥利用FRP布进行了塑性铰抗震加固,并通过不同地震作用下的整体结构抗震混合试验,研究了该桥梁结构利用FRP抗震加固的效果。试验主要利用子结构试验方法,将未加固和FRP加固后的桥墩作为试验单元,进行实际物理试验加载,而将其他部分作为计算单元在有限元软件Open Sees内建模,通过集成协调,实现整体结构的抗震试验。试验结果表明,使用FRP加固能够有效改善桥梁的抗震性能。 相似文献
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以地震损伤钢筋混凝土梁为研究对象,重点研究损伤、加固后的钢筋混凝土梁的抗弯、抗震性能及加固措施,首先对试件进行损伤试验;然后对损伤试件进行碳纤维加固和钢板加固,试验和数值分析加固试件的抗震性能。试件变化参数为纵向钢筋配筋率、加固方式等参数,对比分析加固前后试件的受力性能与变形特征,并对不同加固方案的效果进行分析比较。为我国建筑抗震设计规范和混凝土结构加固规范的修订提供试验和理论参考。 相似文献
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对结构1和结构2分别进行人工波、天津波和迁安波作用下的多遇烈度、设防烈度和罕遇烈度时程分析,对不满足性能目标要求者进行抗震加固分析。加固结果表明：①加固后最大位移角所在楼层位置出现下移现象;②上层加固效果比下层加固效果明显;③结构有无圈梁和构造柱对抗震性能的影响较大,圈梁和构造柱的截面尺寸变化对抗震性能的影响较小;④加固效果随地震波不同而不同,采用相同的加固方案加固效果不同;⑤必须根据具体的鉴定结果选用合理的加固方案,否则适得其反。 相似文献
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针对低烈度区砌体结构房屋抗震的需要,本文提出利用纤维砂浆带加固砌体墙的一种廉价抗震方案。运用有限元分析软件Ansys10.0进行数值模拟分析,探讨这种加固方案的可行性,并在此基础上进行试验研究。通过纤维砂浆带加固砌体墙片在低周反复荷载作用下的试验,对墙片的破坏特征、裂缝的发展过程、滞回特性、结构延性等技术指标进行对比分析,结果表明,采用纤维砂浆带加固砌体墙有助于提高墙体的开裂荷载,增加结构的延性,改善墙体的抗震性能。 相似文献
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对一榀损伤方钢管混凝土框架加固后在低周反复荷载作用下进行试验,对试验结果及框架的滞回性能、破坏特征、延性等抗震性能做了分析,并将试验结果与该框架在无初始损伤时的低周反复加载试验结果进行了比较。在此基础上,对损伤方钢管混凝土框架的加固提出建议。试验结果表明,本文中的加固方案可行,损伤框架加固后仍具有良好的抗震性能。 相似文献
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《国际泥沙研究》2022,37(6):847-856
Laboratory flume experiments were conducted to quantify the effects of the soil characteristics on the critical shear stress of low fines content soil samples collected from the Montauk shores in New York. The collected soils were reconstituted at five different fines contents, ranging between 0 and 20%. These soil mixtures were composed of two initial water contents, dry of optimum and optimum moistures, and two relative densities, one moderate dense and the other dense. The strength indices of the soils, including the effective cohesion and effective angle of internal friction, were measured using the consolidated undrained (CU) triaxial test. The initiation of erosion tests was conducted on the soil mixtures under a unidirectional steady current condition. The near-bed flow velocity, at the onset of erosion, was used to determine the critical velocity and shear stress for each soil sample. The results indicate that the critical shear stress increases with the fines content and effective cohesion. The soils with the optimum initial water contents demonstrate a higher erosion resistance than those with the initial water contents dry of optimum. The higher relative density appears to overshadow the effects of the fines content such that the critical shear stress of the denser soils remains relatively insensitive to the soil composition. The denser soils compacted at the optimum initial water content show the highest resistance against erosion. The critical Shields parameter is modified to include the fines content, relative density, and initial water content. 相似文献
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采用室内重型击实实验对含砾黏土的压实特性进行分析,结合CT断层扫描研究材料整体干密度、最优含水率及黏土的压实程度与掺砾量、含水率等因素之间的关系。根据无侧限抗压强度实验结果,比较不同掺砾量和不同含水率下的无侧限抗压强度大小。结果表明:掺砾量较低时砾粒与黏土之间就已出现粒间空隙;含水率较高时,这些空隙及黏土孔隙中的水在击实过程中难以排出,同时水还阻碍了封闭气泡的逸出,造成黏土的压实效果明显降低;随着含砾量的增加砾粒逐渐起到骨架作用,减小了作用在黏土上的击实能量,也造成黏土的压实程度差于纯黏土。含砾黏土的无侧限抗压强度主要由黏土成分的密实程度控制,因而受到砾粒含量和含水率的影响,整体上随着含砾量的增加而降低,含水率较高时的下降幅度更明显。 相似文献
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The surface nuclear magnetic resonance (SNMR) method is widely used in groundwater detection because of its sensitivity to hydrogen in water and direct water detection. However, low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) restrict the development of this technique. An optimum pulse sequence is designed according to correspondence between the pulse moment strength and its best detection depth. Because only selection of the pulse intensity distribution according to the target aquifer depth is required and the “on-resonance” pulse pattern is still employed, this pulse sequence emission can be easily achieved using existing SNMR instrumentation. Numerical simulation results and field experiments show that, compared with traditional exponential growth pulses, the optimum pulse sequence effectively improves the SNR of the SNMR method. The aquifer boundary, water content, and pore characteristics of the inversion result are thus more consistent with characteristics of underground structures. Additionally, because the optimum pulse sequence focuses most of the pulse moments in the target depth range, in situations where two aquifers are separated by a relatively narrow aquitard, it is better able to resolve the individual aquifers than the traditional pulses. Optimum pulse moments improve the SNR by enhancing the signal amplitude, compared with various filtering methods, and obtain a better detection effect. This kind of pulse sequence can be used as an alternative pulse sequence form of the SNMR method. 相似文献
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This paper deals with steel moment frames combined with hysteretic dampers. Specifically, it examines the strength of dampers required to minimize damage to moment frames under earthquake loading. The important structural variables are the ratio of the dampers' shear strength to the maximum resistance, termed β in this study, and the relative stiffness between the damper and the main frame, termed k. The equivalent viscous damping ratio of the entire structural system is affected by the quantities β and k and the ductility ratio of the main frame. The optimum dampers' strength ratio (βopt), which maximizes the equivalent viscous damping ratio, was formulated as a function of k, and it was found that βopt is independent of the ductility ratio of the main frame. Earthquake response analysis confirmed that damage to the main frame can be significantly reduced by hysteretic dampers and minimized at the value of βopt. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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随着西部黄土地区城镇化进程的加快,填挖结合的新增用地方式要求地基处理技术需要重点解决填方区的强度与变形问题。论文将粉煤灰作为改性填料对黄土进行改良,通过直剪试验、三轴试验、湿陷试验与扫描电镜试验,分析不同粉煤灰掺入比条件下加筋与未加筋黄土试样的强度变化规律、宏观破坏特征和微结构特征。结果表明:采用粉煤灰改良和土工格栅加筋后,黄土的最优含水率增大,最大干密度降低。当粉煤灰掺入比λ=20%时,加筋改良效果最好,黄土的峰值强度、残余强度和等效内摩擦角均有大幅提高,侧向变形显著减小,且能有效降低其湿陷性。微结构分析表明:粉煤灰对黄土的改良主要体现在颗粒直接填充和化学结晶体交织成的网状填充两种类型的强化作用,改良后黄土的孔隙率与孔隙尺寸均有所下降。研究结果可为黄土地区填方边坡与填方路基的改良加固提供参考。 相似文献
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YUTAKA SASAKI 《Geophysical Prospecting》1992,40(4):453-463
Some factors affecting the resolution and accuracy of resistivity tomography are examined using numerical simulation. The inversion method used is based on smoothness-constrained least-squares and finite-element methods. An appropriate block discretization is obtained by dividing the target region into square blocks of size equal to half the minimum electrode spacing. While the effect of the damping factor on the resolution is significant, the resolution is not very sensitive to Gaussian noise as long as the damping factor is properly chosen, according to the noise level. The issue of choosing an optimum electrode array should be considered at the planning stage of a survey. When the instrumental accuracy is high, the dipole-dipole array is more suitable for resolving complex structures than the pole-pole array. The pole-dipole array gives somewhat less resolution than the dipole-dipole array but yields greater signal strength; thus, the pole-dipole array may be a good compromise between resolution and signal strength. The effect of an inhomogeneity located outside the target region may be very small if block discretization is done so as to represent the resistivity variations in both the target and outside regions. 相似文献
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In this study, closed form equations as functions of the isolator, bridge and ground motion properties are formulated to calculate the optimum characteristic strength, Qd and post-elastic stiffness, kd, of the isolator to minimize the maximum isolator displacement (MID) and force (MIF) for seismic isolated bridges (SIBs). For this purpose, first, sensitivity analyses are conducted to identify the bridge, isolator and ground motion parameters that affect the optimum values of Qd and kd. Next, for the identified parameters, nonlinear time history analyses of typical SIBs are conducted to determine the optimum values of Qd and kd for a wide range of values of the parameters. Next, nonlinear regression analyses of the available data are conducted to obtain closed form equations for the optimum values of Qd and kd, to minimize the MID and MIF. The equations are then simplified for various site soil conditions. It is observed that the optimum Qd and kd are highly dependent on the site soil condition. Furthermore, the optimum Qd is found to be a linear function of the peak ground acceleration. 相似文献
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A methodology for reliability based optimum design of reinforced soil structures subjected to horizontal and vertical sinusoidal excitation based on pseudo-dynamic approach is presented. The tensile strength of reinforcement required to maintain the stability is computed using logarithmic spiral failure mechanism. The backfill soil properties, geometric and strength properties of reinforcement are treated as random variables. Effects of parameters like soil friction angle, horizontal and vertical seismic accelerations, shear and primary wave velocities, amplification factors for seismic acceleration on the component and system probability of failures in relation to tension and pullout capacities of reinforcement have been discussed. In order to evaluate the validity of the present formulation, static and seismic reinforcement force coefficients computed by the present method are compared with those given by other authors. The importance of the shear wave velocity in the estimation of the reliability of the structure is highlighted. The Ditlevsen's bounds of system probability of failure are also computed by taking into account the correlations between three failure modes, which is evaluated using the direction cosines of the tangent planes at the most probable points of failure. 相似文献
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为研究T形刚构桥桥墩参数对车-桥动力响应的影响，以某高速铁路（77m+144m+77m）T形双薄壁连续刚构桥为研究对象，基于刚柔耦合理论，采用多体动力学和有限元联合仿真技术，建立考虑桩土效应的列车-桥梁动力相互作用模型，计算分析T形刚构桥墩宽度、厚度及混凝土强度等级变化对车-桥耦合系统的动力响应影响。结果表明:T形刚构桥墩宽度、厚度及混凝土强度等级的改变，对桥上车辆系统的安全性指标、舒适性指标影响较小；T形刚构桥墩参数改变，对桥梁系统横向位移、垂向加速度、横向加速度影响较小，而对垂向位移影响较大，但变化幅值均在高速铁路设计规范要求的范围内；在其他条件参数不变的情况下，可通过将桥墩宽度降低到设计宽度的75%—80%，或厚度降低到设计厚度的80%—85%，或桥墩混凝土强度等级降低为C35—C40对该高速铁路T形双薄壁连续刚构桥进行优化设计。 相似文献