共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 812 毫秒
1.
Partially submerged c′ − φ′ slopes with a horizontal water table exhibit a critical pool level at which the factor of safety becomes a minimum. The phenomenon was first identified using finite element methods, but in this paper, a more thorough analytical investigation is presented. The approach described herein assumes a rigid block sliding with a circular failure mechanism, combined with optimization software to identify the critical circle. The method is initially validated against known slope solutions that assume circular and log-spiral mechanisms and shown to give excellent agreement, especially for flatter slopes. The method is then applied to partially submerged slopes with a focus on the critical pool level. Through detailed investigation of the overturning and restoring moments in the stability analyses, the critical pool level phenomenon is shown to lie in the trade-off between the destabilizing effects of internal pore pressures on soil strength and the stabilizing effect of external hydrostatic water pressures on the slope surface. 相似文献
2.
R. Baker 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1980,4(4):333-359
The analysis of the stability of slopes using limiting equilibrium considerations necessitates the determination of the critical slip surface which yields the minimal factor of safety. The numerous methods currently available for slope stability analysis provide a procedure for assigning a factor of safety to a given slip surface, but do not consider the problem of identifying the critical conditions. This paper presents an effective minimization procedure based on dynamic programming by which the minimal factor of safety, and the corresponding surface, are determined simultaneously. This procedure SSDP (Slope Stability by Dynamic Programming), couples the minimization scheme with Spencer's method of slope stability analysis. It may be applied to slopes of any geometry, layering, pore pressure and external load distributions. No arbitrary restrictions are placed on the shape of the slip surfaces, and the analysis satisfies all equilibrium equations. Application of the procedure to slope stability problems reported in the literature shows that for a given slip surface the procedure yields factors of safety which are almost identical to those reported, but in every case a more critical slip surface, with a lower factor of safety, may be found. 相似文献
3.
This study embraces the formation of the limiting geometry of finite slopes under the static and seismic conditions within the slip line theory framework coupled with the modified pseudo-dynamic approach. The proposed methodology is expected to achieve a global factor of safety of 1.0 for the obtained slope profile. While analysing the stability of slopes using the limit analysis or the limit equilibrium method, the cognition of the slope geometry and the nature of the slip surface need to be known in advance. Such limitations are ruled out in the present analysis with the aid of the slip line method. Further, by employing the modified pseudo-dynamic approach, the dynamic properties of soil, such as damping ratio and frequency effect, are effectively considered in this stability analysis. The consideration of the slip line theory permits to achieve an adaptive failure mechanism in the analysis. The impact of a set of parameters characterizing the input motion and the dynamic soil properties on the behaviour of a slope explains the relevance of the present modified pseudo-dynamic approach compared to the conventional pseudo-static and the original pseudo-dynamic approaches. The proposed solution serves as a measure of the seismic slope stability in accordance with the geomorphological process generally encountered in nature. Compared with the available literature, the present results propose safe, economical, and efficient design guidelines for finite slopes and intimate the need for preventive measures to enhance the stability of existing slopes.
相似文献4.
安全系数的计算和临界滑动面的确定是边坡稳定性分析的两个组成部分,强度折减法可以得到合理的安全系数,但却不能准确刻画临界滑动面的位置。基于对滑动现象的认识,提出了一种基于位移场分析的临界滑动面确定方法,认为当边坡处于临界状态时,其潜在滑动面附近的位移等值线最为密集,潜在滑动面上的点往往是在深度方向上沿垂直滑面的位移变化率达到最大值的位置。将本文方法与Spencer法、岩质边坡模型试验进行了对比,验证了该方法在曲线和折线滑动面搜索方面的适用性和可靠性。同时,探讨了单元形状、疏密程度、离散点间距等因素对滑动面的影响。 相似文献
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K. T. Chau 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1999,23(15):1835-1855
This paper further examines the possibility of modelling landslide as a consequence of the unstable slip in a steadily creeping slope when it is subject to perturbations, such as those induced by rainfall and earthquakes. In particular, the one-state variable friction law used in the landslide analysis by Chau is extended to a two-state variable friction law. According to this state variable friction law, the shear strength (τ) along the slip surface depends on the creeping velocity (V) as well as the two state variables (θ1 and θ2), which evolve with the ongoing slip. For translational slides, a system of three coupled non-linear first-order ordinary differential equations is formulated, and a linear stability analysis is applied to study the stability in the neighbourhood of the equilibrium solution of the system. By employing the stability classification of Reyn for three-dimensional space, it is found that equilibrium state (or critical point) of a slope may change from a ‘stable spiral’ to a ‘saddle spiral with unstable plane focus’ through a transitional state called ‘converging vortex spiral’ (i.e. bifurcation occurs), as the non-linear parameters of the slip surface evolve with its environmental changes (such as those induced by rainfall or human activities). If the one-state variable friction law is used in landslide modelling, velocity strengthening (i.e. dτss/dV > 0, where τss is the steady-state shear stress) in the laboratory always implies the stability of a creeping slope containing the same slip surface under gravitational pull. This conclusion, however, does not apply if a two-state variable friction law is employed to model the sliding along the slip surface. In particular, neither the region of stable creeping slopes in the non-linear parameter space can be inferred by that of velocity strengthening, nor the unstable region by that of velocity weakening. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
6.
降雨入渗过程中孔隙水压力的升高与基质吸力的降低引起边坡稳定性的下降,是导致边坡滑塌的主要诱导因素。利用饱和-非饱和渗流有限元计算得到的孔隙水压力场,基于Fredlund提出的非饱和土抗剪强度理论,对边坡临界滑动场进行改进,提出可以考虑降雨过程的边坡临界滑动场数值模拟方法,能够方便、快速地计算出边坡局部、整体安全系数和相对应的临界滑动面在降雨过程中的变化历程。将该法用于一个典型均质边坡和一个非均质边坡在降雨过程中的稳定性计算,分析降雨持续时间、降雨强度和非饱和强度参数取值等因素对边坡稳定性的影响,并将计算结果与其他方法进行比较,结果表明临界滑动场方法能搜索任意形状最危险滑面,计算的安全系数合理。 相似文献
7.
填筑和开挖边坡的稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在有限元应力应变分析的基础上,采用以剪应力定义的安全系数和模式搜索的方法确定边坡的安全系数及最危险滑动面。在平面应变条件下,对土层均质的填筑和开挖边坡的稳定性进行了较为全面的研究,并同天然边坡的安全系数和破坏面进行比较,计算结果表明,这3类边坡滑动面的形状基本一致,天然边坡安全系数要高于填筑和开挖边坡;同时比较了采用有限元稳定评价方法和采用极限平衡方法计算结果的差别;最后分析研究了计算参数变化对填筑和开挖边坡稳定性的影响。 相似文献
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公路沿线发生的滑坡、泥石流等自然灾害是造成交通停滞的主要原因。对公路沿线边坡进行稳定性评价及滑坡灾害分析对于公路管理和灾害防治具有重要意义。为了能对大范围边坡应用三维力学模型进行稳定性评价,研究中将较大研究区域划分为多个边坡单元（slope unit）,并介绍了边坡单元划分方法。对每个边坡单元,采用随机生成许多假想滑动面并通过一个基于GIS的边坡稳定性三维分析模型计算其安全系数的方法,找出具有最小安全系数的危险滑动面,同时求出在试算过程中安全系数小于某临界值（通常设为1.0）的结果出现的比率,作为该边坡单元的滑坡发生概率,以此作为指标对研究区域进行危险度评价。通过对日本49号国道沿线边坡中的应用对该方法的实用性进行了验证。 相似文献
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在禁忌搜索和极限平衡分析的基础上,提出了全局确定边坡最小安全系数的禁忌搜索方法,并建立了响应的模型;该方法是一种启发式的全局搜索方法,可以搜索出全局最小安全系数,同时还能确定出与之对应的最危险滑动面。将该方法应用于不同几何形状和土层信息的边坡稳定分析中,结果表明,提出的方法能够避免局部最小解,并能搜索到全局最小安全系数。 相似文献
11.
Slopes composed of stratified and poorly cemented rocks that fail during heavy rainfalls are typical in the outer zone of Taiwan's Western Foothills. This study investigates how hydraulic conductivity anisotropy influences pore water pressure (PWP) distributed in stratified, poorly cemented rock slopes and related slope stability through numerical simulation. The notion of representing thin alternating beds of stratified, poorly cemented rocks as an equivalent anisotropic medium for ground‐water flow analysis in finite slopes was validated. PWP was then derived in a modelled slope comprising an anisotropic medium with suitable boundary conditions. Simulation results indicate the significance of the principal directions of hydraulic conductivity tensor and the anisotropic ratio on PWP estimation for anisotropic finite slopes. For a stratified, poorly cemented rock slope, estimating PWP utilizing a phreatic surface with isotropic and hydrostatic assumptions will yield incorrect results. Stability analysis results demonstrate that hydraulic conductivity anisotropy affects the slope safety factor and slip surface pattern. Consequently, steady‐state groundwater flow analysis is essential for stratified, poorly cemented rock slopes when evaluating PWP distribution and slope stability. This study highlights the importance of hydraulic conductivity anisotropy on the stability of a stratified, poorly cemented rock slope. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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《Computers and Geotechnics》2006,33(6-7):294-304
When the slope geometry, unit weight and pore water pressure distribution in a homogeneous soil slope are given, the location of the critical slip surface for a particular method of slices is related only to the ratio of c′ (cohesion) and tan ϕ′ (internal friction angle). To utilize this relationship in back calculating c′ and ϕ′ values, two slope models with circular slip mechanism are presented to represent shear failures in simple fill or cut slopes and long natural slopes, and for each of the models, two dimensionless parameters regarding c′/tan ϕ′ and maximum depth of the critical slip surface are introduced. Based on the new findings from limit equilibrium analysis of slope models, charts are plotted to show the relationships of the two dimensionless parameters and ϕ′ values for a safety factor of unity. Using the charts can make a rapid estimate of the magnitude of both c′ and ϕ′ from a known position of the failure surface in a homogeneous slope. 相似文献
14.
基于MPGA的复杂应力状态边坡稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
极限平衡法在边坡稳定性分析中处于主导地位,该算法通常建立在一定的假设之上,没有考虑边坡土体的非线性应力-应变关系,不能用于未达到极限状态以及加固后边坡的稳定性分析。为了解决以上问题,将有限元计算与多种群遗传算法（MPGA）相结合,建立一种基于MPGA的复杂应力状态边坡稳定性分析通用模型,通过数值应力场求解安全系数,并为多种群遗传算法构建适应度函数;再利用多种群遗传算法为安全系数的计算提供滑移面。为了保证分析的高效、合理,根据滑移面发展趋势,动态产生初始滑移面,并增加一个滑移面约束条件。最后,通过均质边坡和软弱夹层边坡两个典型算例分析验证了该方法的合理性;通过分析土钉加固的软弱夹层边坡,证明了该方法可用于加固等复杂应力状态边坡的稳定性分析。 相似文献
15.
水位下降是导致滑坡的重要原因之一,而土钉是加固土坡的有效手段。进行离心模型试验,再现了水位下降时土钉加固土坡的变形和破坏过程,测量了土坡的位移变化。试验结果表明,水位下降条件下土钉加固土坡的破坏模式以绕钉破坏为主,滑裂面从坡顶逐渐向下发展至坡面;土钉加固土坡的破坏过程与变形局部化过程表现出显著的耦合变化;土钉加固机制主要表现为通过土钉与坡体的相互作用,减小土坡的变形和变形局部化程度,从而提高土坡的稳定性。增加土钉长度使得滑裂面向坡内部移动,显著减小土坡的变形及变形局部化程度,从而提高了土坡安全性。 相似文献
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为了得到三维边坡的临界滑裂面,提出了6个参数控制的三维滑裂面构造方法,基于边坡三维最小势能稳定性分析方法建立目标函数,采用遗传算法实现了临界滑裂面的搜索,并开发了相应的搜索程序。为检验文中搜索方法的合理性,将其与其他方法得到的临界滑裂面以及最小安全系数进行比较,并且将室内模型试验得到的临界滑面与理论搜索的结果进行对比。研究表明：搜索方法可实现稳步收敛;针对算例进行多变量同时变化的搜索验算,得到了与极限平衡法较为接近的结果,表明提出的搜索方法是合理的;理论计算结果与室内模型试验坡面加载得到的边坡临界滑面较为接近,再次验证三维边坡临界滑面搜索方法是可行的。 相似文献
18.
通过对鹿亭溪W24号典型斜坡的详细调查和分析解剖,对比前人的研究,作者提出了一类板梁状斜坡破坏模式。证实了这类斜坡不仅发生在近水平的砂泥岩互层的地层中,也可以发生在上部主要由近水平的坚硬、较坚硬的灰岩构成,下部主要由近水平的较软的砂泥岩构成的地层中。本文从地质演化的角度,分析了这类斜坡的形成机理,并将其划分为3个阶段:(1)卸荷回弹阶段; (2)压致拉裂面自下而上扩展阶段; (3)滑移面贯通阶段。简要分析影响斜坡稳定的因素,着重分析了地下水对这类斜坡稳定性的影响。基于极限平衡理论,用不同的方法计算了这类斜坡的启动水头,分析了在强降雨条件下的这类斜坡稳定性问题。以鹿亭溪W24号典型斜坡为例,通过离散元数值模拟技术,对坡体加载启动水头来模拟该类斜坡由变形累积到整体失稳的全过程。最后,笔者通过这类斜坡破坏机制及其稳定性的研究,对这类斜坡的整治提出了针对性的治理措施。 相似文献
19.
The original Hoek–Brown (HB) failure criterion was used to analyse the stability of rock slopes. For highly fractured rock, the original HB failure criterion has been modified, but its effect on the stability of rock slopes has not been studied. Within the framework of the kinematical approach of limit analysis, this paper computes the rigorous upper bounds of stability factors of homogeneous rock slopes with the modified HB failure criterion under the plane strain condition, by employing a ‘generalized tangential’ technique. In such technique, instead of using the modified HB failure criterion, a series of linear failure surfaces tangent to the actual non-linear failure surface are utilized to derive the upper bound solutions, incorporating a new parameter n ranging from 0.5 to 0.65. The numerical results are compared with other published solutions for the case of n=0.5. The effects of the n on the stability factors of rock slopes are discussed. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
20.
Xiao-hui Tan Xian-en Wang Xiao-jun Hu Meng-fen Shen Na Hu 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2016,34(5):1283-1292
Two methods of reliability analysis of soil slopes are studied, and the representative flow charts of both methods are illustrated. Method 1 can predict the reliability index and the critical probabilistic slip surface directly and it is computational efficient, but it needs the development of new codes for integrating the reliability analysis code and the slope stability code. Method 2 makes the reliability analysis code call the slope stability analysis code directly, and each code can be considered as an intact part. The main result of Method 2 is the reliability index of soil slope. Combined with the proposed method for locating the critical slip surface, Method 2 can also predict the probabilistic slip surface. Although Method 2 needs much more callings of the subprogram of slope stability analysis code, it needs not the developing of new computer program. Thus, Method 2 is easy to use and can be applied to different reliability analysis methods and slope stability analysis methods. 相似文献