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1.
Qingchun Wen Xiuzhen Li Hongshi He Yuanman Hu Xin Chen Yu Chang Wei Wang Rencang Bu 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2014,24(1):50-59
Traditionally,patch-based analysis at the landscape scale fragmentation has been used in the study of landscape ecology while the study of boundary and node has not been considered as much detail until recently.This study investigated the possibility of applying boundary-and node-based methods in landscape pattern analysis to the upper reaches of the Minjiang River in the southwestern China.Boundary-based and node-based landscape indices were selected to be used in analyzing changes in landscape patterns,and the results were compared with analysis using traditional pattern indices.We compared the responses of patch-area-based,boundary-length-based and node-number-based indices,and concluded that boundary-based and node-based indices are more sensitive to disturbance than patch-based indices with various patterns,and node-based indices are even more sensitive than boundary-based ones.Thus,the results suggest that boundary-based and node-based pattern analysis methods provide helpful supplementary information to traditional patch-based pattern analysis methods.The results about pattern dynamics of landscapes in the upper reaches of the Minjiang River based on boundaries and nodes showed that with human disturbance,the dominance of forest landscape was weakened by other landscape types; thus the landscape pattern of the study area became more homogeneous and the boundary network became more complex.These changes further augmented disturbance interfaces in the landscape and increased the possibilities of further landscape fragmentation. 相似文献
2.
Zongming Wang Yubo Zhang Bai Zhang Kaishan Song Zhixing Guo Dianwei Liu Fang Li 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2008,18(2):137-145
The landscape pattern of Da＇an County, Northeast China has undergone significant changes since the 1950s as a result of climatic change and human activities. The aim of this paper is to quantitatively study landscape pattern and its spatial dynamics of Da＇an County at the landscape level over the nearly 50-year span. Patch dynamics were examined according to land use and land cover change processes built from a series of images, as well as topographic maps, and temporal patterns built from landscape pattern metrics. The transition matrix of landscape patch types and changes of various landscape metrics were applied. The results showed that, from 1956 to 2000, the landscape within the study area had undertaken a complicated evolution in landscape structure and composition. The outstanding characteristic is that saline-alkali land increased and grassland decreased. As some smaller patches amalgamated, the heterogeneity of patch decreased. All those changes were the synthetic result of both climatic and anthropogenic influences, but the predominant factor was different in different parts. In the southern part of the study area, the landscape pattern changes resulted from the modification of climate obviously, while in the northern part, the landscape pattern changes were mainly caused by human activities, such as the conversion between farmland and saline-alkali land. This phenomenon showed that human activities played more important role in the north than in the south of Da＇an County. 相似文献
3.
景观指数的空间尺度效应分析——以厦门岛土地利用格局为例 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
选取8个常用的景观指数,以厦门岛土地利用格局为例,分析景观指数随粒度变化的基本规律。探讨尺度效应对景观格局的影响,为基于景观指数进行不同尺度下土地利用类型、土地利用格局变化预测、对比分析和评价等研究提供参考。结果表明:在研究区内景观类型特征和景观格局特征随粒度的增大出现了显著的变化;除面积比例对粒度变化弱敏感外,其余所选景观指数对粒度变化相对敏感,体现出一定的尺度依赖性,因而利用这些景观指数进行不同尺度下的景观格局分析时需考虑尺度效应。 相似文献
4.
以1995年和2005年官司河流域两个时期的TM遥感数据作为基本信息源,采用GIS和数理统计的方法提取景观类型,通过基质比例、斑块数量和面积变化率、斑块密度变化率3个指标,以及景观类型转化规律对流域的景观稳定性进行了初步研究。结果表明:(1)耕地是整个流域人工景观的基质,处在频繁耕作及动态变化中,稳定性不高,马尾松林地作为半自然景观的基质,稳定性亦较低,但有所提高;(2)城镇及水域的斑块稳定性最高,马尾松林地、栎类林地和柏木林地次之,耕地与村庄的稳定性最低;(3)耕地与水域及有林地的转化最为剧烈,这与1998年以来,流域实施的退耕还林工程密切相关,但水域及有林地的稳定性仍然取决于其自然稳定性,且景观格局呈现良好发展趋势;(4)中小斑块的马尾松林地及柏木林地的稳定性对流域的景观稳定性具有重要作用,须以合理的保护、规划及建设。 相似文献
5.
Ascertaining the relationship between "source-sink" landscape and non-point source(NPS) pollution is crucial for reducing NPS pollution, however, it is not easy to realize this target on cell unit scale. To reveal the relationships between "sourcesink" landscape and NPS pollution based on cell units of a small catchment in the Three Gorges Reservoir Region(TGRR), the runoff and nutrient yields were simulated first by rainfall events on a cell unit scale based on the Annualized AGricultural Non-Point Source Pollution Model(AnnAGNPS). Landscape structure and pattern were quantified with "sourcesink" landscape indicators based on cell units including landscape area indices and locationweighted landscape indices. The results showed that:the study case of small Wangjiagou catchment highlighted a good prediction capability of runoff and nutrient export by the AnnAGNPS model. Throughout the catchment, the spatial distribution trends of four location-weighted landscape indices were similar to the trends of simulated total nitrogen(TN) and total phosphorus(TP), which highlighted the importance of spatial arrangement of "source" and "sink" landscape types in a catchment when estimating pollutant loads. Results by Pearson correlation analysis indicated that the location-weighted landscape index provided a more comprehensive account of multiple factors, and can better reflect NPS-related nutrient loss than other landscape indices applied in single-factor analysis. This study provides new findings for applying the "source-sink" landscape indices based on cell units in small catchments to explain the effect of "source-sink" landscape on nutrient export based on cell unit, and helps improve the understanding of the correlation between "source-sink" landscape and NPS pollution. 相似文献
6.
野鸭湖湿地自然保护区是北京最大的湿地自然保护区,也是唯一的湿地鸟类自然保护区,因此,选择野鸭湖研究城市湿地景观格局演变特征具有典型意义。以野鸭湖自然保护区为研究对象,分析了1999年、2004年、2009年和2014年4个时期野鸭湖湿地系统景观格局演变过程,并根据景观指数分析其动态变化趋势。研究结果表明:①野鸭湖湿地面积在1999~2004年间逐渐减少,之后逐年恢复,至2014年湿地面积总数已恢复到1999年的水平,但水体的面积仍缩减一半,主要恢复的是草甸湿地和疏林湿地。②野鸭湖湿地景观格局的变化特征主要表现为:景观破碎度增加,景观形状更加复杂,景观多样性和异质性增加而优势度降低。③野鸭湖湿地斑块类型呈现如下特征:耕地连片分布,耕地开垦力度减缓;草甸湿地成片增长且优势度逐渐明显,形状复杂;水体分布聚集,2014年出现恢复现象;疏林湿地面积不断增长,呈现破碎化现象;建筑用地面积也略微增长,但分布分散;滩涂湿地面积最小,形状简单。 相似文献
7.
喀斯特地区不同石漠化等级的结构和格局是实现区域石漠化治理的重要基础信息,受技术手段的限制,目前这方面的研究进展仍非常缓慢。随着无人机技术的快速发展,高精度的地表信息获取越来越方便、且成本较低。本研究利用无人机影像,对比了基于像元的非监督和监督分类方法以及面向对象的分类方法在裸岩信息提取中的表现,发现面向对象分类结果具有更高精度。基于获得的裸岩分布信息的研究结果表明：① 岩石平均斑块面积与裸岩率呈负相关的关系,岩石斑块个数与裸岩率呈正相关关系;② 通过对比不同裸岩率（11%、20%、29%和48%）基质的景观斑块指数、景观形状指数和景观破碎度指数对不同裸岩率的景观分布的影响,从而表明了在不同的石漠化地区随着裸岩率的增加,岩石形状指数与岩石破碎度指数均逐渐增加,进而表明石漠化程度越严重;③ 裸岩率不同的地区表现不同的分布形态和斑块特征,裸岩率越高,岩石越破碎,斑块分布较为分散。小尺度斑块景观格局与区域的生态过程有着重要关系,开展小尺度景观格局的研究会深化区域尺度石漠化发展过程的理解。石漠化地区的小尺度斑块景观格局变化影响区域的生态过程,对以后的石漠化过程以及未来石漠化演变的发展有重要的启示作用。 相似文献
8.
Decline of traditional landscape in a protected area of the southwestern Alps: The fate of enclosed pasture patches in the land mosaic shift 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
【Title】
【Author】
【Addresses】1
Traditional landscape elements such as pasture patches enclosed in a forest matrix are progressively disappearing throughout the European Alps. We assessed the land mosaic shift of a protected area located in the western Italian Alps. In particular, the dynamics of pasture patches were studied at both landscape and stand level. Land-cover mapping through object-oriented analysis of historical aerial photographs was used to assess land-cover changes between 1954 and 2000. Spatial statistics were used to quantify landscape patterns, and field samplings within pasture patches were used to explore tree regeneration structure and composition. Our results showed a significant increase in the number of pasture patches caused by their fragmentation following forest expansion. The total surface area of pasture patches decreased by 43% and their core area decreased by 94%. The encroachment of trees on less accessible areas of the pasture patches caused a reduction of patch shape at landscape scale. The gap filling process started 40-50 years ago and began with an early invasion of light demanding species like sycamore maple （Acer pseudoplatanus L.） and common ash （Fraxinus excelsior L.）, followed by European beech （Fagus sylvatica L.） and secondarily silver fir （Abies alba Mill.）. Traditional land-use and population decline in the Pesio Valley led to a reduction in ecotone areas. A transition to a more homogeneous landscape is expected in the next decades. Given the cultural and productive nature of these mountain meadow-pasture communities, extensive livestock grazing systems could be used to manage their future conservation. 相似文献
【Author】
【Addresses】1
Traditional landscape elements such as pasture patches enclosed in a forest matrix are progressively disappearing throughout the European Alps. We assessed the land mosaic shift of a protected area located in the western Italian Alps. In particular, the dynamics of pasture patches were studied at both landscape and stand level. Land-cover mapping through object-oriented analysis of historical aerial photographs was used to assess land-cover changes between 1954 and 2000. Spatial statistics were used to quantify landscape patterns, and field samplings within pasture patches were used to explore tree regeneration structure and composition. Our results showed a significant increase in the number of pasture patches caused by their fragmentation following forest expansion. The total surface area of pasture patches decreased by 43% and their core area decreased by 94%. The encroachment of trees on less accessible areas of the pasture patches caused a reduction of patch shape at landscape scale. The gap filling process started 40-50 years ago and began with an early invasion of light demanding species like sycamore maple （Acer pseudoplatanus L.） and common ash （Fraxinus excelsior L.）, followed by European beech （Fagus sylvatica L.） and secondarily silver fir （Abies alba Mill.）. Traditional land-use and population decline in the Pesio Valley led to a reduction in ecotone areas. A transition to a more homogeneous landscape is expected in the next decades. Given the cultural and productive nature of these mountain meadow-pasture communities, extensive livestock grazing systems could be used to manage their future conservation. 相似文献
9.
黄河三角洲具有极高的生态价值,研究其景观格局及生态风险对促进黄河三角洲高质量发展具有重要意义。本文以黄河三角洲1980年、2000年和2020年土地利用数据为基础,分析土地转移及景观格局特征,同时构建生态风险评价模型揭示生态风险时空演变及空间相关性。结果表明：(1)耕地是黄河三角洲最主要的地类,占比在60%以上,1980—2020年土地转移主要发生在耕地、建设用地、水域和未利用地之间。(2)1980—2020年黄河三角洲景观斑块数、景观斑块密度、景观最大斑块指数、景观形状指数和香农多样性指数均呈下降趋势,区域整体趋向简单化和聚集化。(3)黄河三角洲高风险区和较高风险区主要环渤海分布,1980—2020年各级风险区转出最大面积均为更低级风险区,生态风险有所降低。 相似文献
10.
《中国地理科学(英文版)》2019,(3)
The Yellow River Delta wetland is the youngest wetland ecosystem in China's warm temperate zone. To better understand how its landscape pattern has changed over time and the underlying factors responsible, this study analyzed the dynamic changes of wetlands using five Landsat series of images, namely MSS(Mulri Spectral Scanner), TM(Thematic Mapper), and OLI(Operational Land Imager) sensors in 1976, 1986, 1996, 2006, and 2016. Object-oriented classification and the combination of spatial and spectral features and both the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index(NDVI) and Normalized Difference Water Index(NDWI), as well as brightness characteristic indices, were used to classify the images in eCognition software. Landscape pattern changes in the Yellow River Delta over the past 40 years were then delineated using transition matrix and landscape index methods. Results show that: 1) from1976 to 2016, the total area of wetlands in the study area decreased from 2594.76 to 2491.79 km~2, while that of natural wetlands decreased by 954.03 km~2 whereas human-made wetlands increased by 851.06 km~2. 2) The transformation of natural wetlands was extensive: 31.34% of those covered by Suaeda heteropteras were transformed into reservoirs and ponds, and 24.71% with Phragmites australis coverage were transformed into dry farmland. Some human-made wetlands were transformed into non-wetlands types: 1.55% of reservoirs and ponds became construction land, and likewise 21.27% were transformed into dry farmland. 3) From 1976 to 2016, as the intensity of human activities increased, the number of landscape types in the study area continuously increased. Patches were scattered and more fragmented. The whole landscape became more complex. In short, over the past 40 years, the wetlands of the Yellow River Delta have been degraded, with the area of natural wetlands substantially reduced. Human activities were the dominant forces driving these changes in the Yellow River Delta. 相似文献
11.
本文以厦门市为例,基于MODIS影像反演的大气气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）,利用空间自相关和景观格局指数从数量、形态和结构方面综合分析了2014年各月份（5月和9月除外）AOD时空格局变化。结果表明,研究区AOD具有明显的时空分布差异,林地上空的AOD处于较低等级,建设用地上空AOD大部分处于中高等级;AOD在春夏季较大,在秋冬季较小。AOD分布存在显著正空间自相关性,而且主要存在高高（HH）、低低（LL）、高低（HL）3种聚集模式。低低聚集模式主要分布在厦门市的北部山区;高高（HH）和高低（HL）模式主要分布在本岛东北部新城和本岛外各新城的城区。在景观格局指数方面,从秋冬季节到春夏季节期间,研究区气溶胶光学厚度高等级斑块增加,景观结构趋于复杂,景观异质性增加。对AOD时空格局变化进行多指标综合分析可以更加深入、细致、全面地刻画气溶胶的变化规律,有助于精确评估气溶胶对环境、气候等的影响,为城市可持续发展提供决策支持。 相似文献
12.
DINGSheng-yan QIANLe-xiang CAOXin-xiang LIShuang LIHao-min 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2003,13(3):247-253
With the help of ARC/INFOR and ERDAS software, based on the information from forest resources distribution maps and TM images, four indices were chosen to analyze spatial pattern changes of forest landscape of Luoning County, Henan Province from 1983 to 1999. The results showed that: 1) The number and total area of patches were rapidly increased with time changes. The fragmentation degree of the landscape was increasing great-ly. 2) The area of some forest patch types, especially shrub forest, economic forest, Populus spp. forest, Quercus spp. forest, sparse forest, deserted grassland etc. had been greatly changed. 3) The fragemation degree of each forest patch type became greater from 1983 to 1999.4) The transition probabilities of deserted forest, economic forest, Pi-nus tobulaeformis forest, Populus spp. forest exceed 85%,Robinia pseuoacacia forest, deserted grassland, 65% and Quercus spp. forest, non-forest, shrub forest had smaller ones, which were 26.5%, 29.1% and 45.3%, respec-tively. The main transition trends of various patches were non-forest and Quercus spp. forest. During the course of transition, the types that 50% of area was remained were Quercus spp. forest, non-forest and shrub forest. Accord-ing to above analyses, the main driving forces, such as the management policies, market economy factors and influ-ences of human activities etc. were brought out. 相似文献
13.
GU Xiaokun DAI Bing CHEN Baiming 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2008,18(1):41-46
The goal of land consolidation in China is still to develop agricultural production. The study of landscape effects of land consolidation projects （LCPs） faces many difficulties because of the lack of government＇s interest and data. This paper, taking Tianmen City of Hubei Province in Central China as an example, presents a methodology for analyzing landscape effects of LCPs by GIS and Fragstats3.3. It describes landscape effects with indexes of Patch Density （PD）, Largest Patch Index （LPI）, Landscape Shape Index （LSI）, Interspersion and Juxtaposition Index （IJI）, Aggregation Index （AI）, and Shannon＇s Diversity Index （SHDI）, showing more regular shape, simpler structure and less habitat diversity after LCPs. It computes ten landscape indexes of four categories of patches including Cultivated Land, Road, Water Channel, and River and Pond. The indexes show that 1） cultivated land becomes more fragmental in patch area, less irregular in patch shape and more concentrated in block; 2） the transport capacity of roads and irrigation and drainage capacity of water channels have been improved; 3） the landscape change of river and pond can be summarized as decreasing scale, more regular shape, reducing connectivity and diversity of the class. LCPs can facilitate agricultural production as well as protect cultivated land and food security. However, it is doubted that the increase of cultivated land from LCPs results from the reducing in landscape diversity of water area. 相似文献
14.
耦合蚁群算法和SCS-CN水文模型的城市不透水面空间格局优化 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
近年来,中国城市暴雨内涝频繁发生,已经发展成为一类严重的“城市病”。城市不透水面密度及其空间格局是形成暴雨内涝的一个重要影响因素。本文提出一种耦合蚁群算法和SCS-CN水文模型优化不透水面空间格局的方法,从而实现通过增加地面雨水渗透量达到减缓城市内涝发生的目的。首先应用Williams公式计算基于坡度修正的CN值,在此基础上计算地表径流量;然后设定径流系数最小化目标,耦合水文模型和蚁群算法对径流小区尺度的不透水面空间格局进行优化配置;最后应用景观格局指数对不透水面空间格局进行分析。研究结果表明：面对1年、5年、10年、20年、50年以及100年一遇重现期的1 h持续降雨事件,研究区优化后的不透水面空间格局可以分别减少径流系数21.19%、19.58%、19.38%、18.93%、18.41%和17.25%,在一定程度上缓解城市暴雨内涝的发生。在此基础上,提出面向暴雨内涝防治的城市更新优化措施建议：① 通过增加草地、花园、树木等植被绿化减少高不透水面类型的面积,并划分成更多中高不透水面类型的斑块;② 集聚低、中低等不透水面类型,从而加大连通性,形成更多的中高不透水面类型;③ 增加每个径流小区内斑块数量,增大斑块密度,减少其蔓延度和聚集度。 相似文献
15.
《中国地理科学(英文版)》2021,(5)
The relationship between landscape patterns and soil conservation, as well as the need for nature-based soil erosion control and landscape pattern optimization, have increasingly gained attention in the scientific and political community in the past decade. With the implementation of a series of afforestation/reforestation projects in the western China, the optimization and management of forest landscape patterns will become more important for soil conservation. In this study, the Bailongjiang Watershed(BLJW), in the western China, was used as a case study to explore the relationship between the forest landscape pattern and soil conservation services using mathematical and spatial statistics methods. A spatially-explicit model called the sediment delivery ratio(SDR) model of the Integrated Valuation of Ecosystem Services and Tradeoffs(InVEST) was used to assess the soil conservation service in each sub-basin of BLJW in 1990, 2002, and 2014, and landscape indices were used to describe changes in forest landscape patterns in each sub-basin. Nine forest landscape indices, including the percentage of landscape(PLAND), largest patch index(LPI), edge density(ED), landscape shape index(LSI), mean patch shape(SHAPE_MN), patch cohesion index(COHESION), landscape division index(DIVISION), splitting index(SPLIT) and aggregation index(AI), were significantly correlated to the soil conservation service. PLAND, AI, LSI and SPLIT of forestland were determined to be the more important landscape indicators. The results also indicated that soil conservation was substantially scale-dependent. The results demonstrated that landscape type diversity greatly affected watershed soil conservation and can be used for forest landscape restoration and management. Furthermore, spatial statistics analysis indicated that the Spatial Lag Model(SLM) was superior to the Ordinary Least Squares(OLS) for soil conservation regressions in 1990 and 2014, while OLS was more appropriate for the regression in 2002. These findings will be useful for enhancing soil conservation and for optimizing mountainous forest landscape patterns for afforestation/reforestation and regional development. Future planning and implementation of ecological restoration should focus more on strategic spatial planning and integrated landscape management with full consideration of future climate, water availability/consumption, hydrological regime, topography, and watershed features, especially on afforestation and revegetation projects in western mountainous China, where the socio-ecological system is fragile and poor. 相似文献
16.
XIAO Du-ning 《中国地理科学(英文版)》2001,11(2):104-114
1 THE STRATEGY OF ECOLOGICAL CONSTRUCTION1.1 Active Ecological BalanceThe guidelines of current ecology are changing from balance, stability, homogeneity and small scale into imbalance, instability, heterogeneity, multi-scale, and hierarchy characteristics. The so-called ecological balance means that in the relatively stable status of an ecosystem in a specific time period, material and energy input equals to their output. Also by self-adjusting, the ecosystem can rehabilita… 相似文献
17.
蓝绿空间是城市生态安全的重要保障。本文通过谷歌地球引擎（GEE）提取2005、2010、2015与2020年的植被与水体指数数据,构建了包含272个地级城市建成区的蓝绿空间数据库。运用蓝绿空间覆盖率、300 m服务半径覆盖率、分维数与分离度4个指标分析其时空格局与演化模式,并进一步探讨其气候影响因素。结果表明：(1)地级城市建成区蓝绿空间整体呈现为“南高北低”的格局,且南方“西高东低”、北方“东高西低”,但环渤海地区为蓝绿空间覆盖率“洼地”;时间格局为“总体增长、局部降低”,华中地区呈下降趋势的城市最多;(2)就分区而言,西南地区城市建成区蓝绿空间覆盖率最高（平均高于65%）、分离度最低（平均低于0.60）,西北地区覆盖率分异较大,华北地区覆盖率最低（平均10%～30%）且分离度最高（平均约0.98）;(3)采用多尺度地理加权回归模型所得R2为0.85（校正R2为0.83）,其中,降水量对城市建成区蓝绿空间的影响最显著,降水量变化成正相关,气温则成负相关;整体上气候影响与比人为影响相当,但在某些时段间更大。 相似文献
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全面准确地分析中国建设用地空间格局,是衡量城市景观的生态环境效应和制定区域发展战略的重要依据。为此,本文基于空间分辨率为12 m的2012年的全球城市足迹数据,分别在国家、经济区和城市群量化了中国建设用地空间格局。结果表明,12 m分辨率的数据能更细致和准确地刻画中国建设用地的特征。2012年中国建设用地面积为1.73×105 km2,占中国陆地总面积的1.81%。从建设用地的空间格局来看,城市群尺度的建设用地破碎度最高,其建设用地平均斑块密度分别是国家和经济区平均水平的3.66倍和1.62倍。进一步分析表明,社会经济和地形因素共同影响建设用地空间格局。今后,应针对建设用地空间格局破碎问题,因地制宜地制定合理的措施,推动中国建设用地的合理发展。 相似文献
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The goal of land consolidation in China is still to develop agricultural production. The study of landscapeeffects of land consolidation projects (LCPs) faces many difficulties because of the lack of government's interest anddata. This paper, taking Tianmen City of Hubei Province in Central China as an example, presents a methodology foranalyzing landscape effects of LCPs by GIS and Fragstats3.3. It describes landscape effects with indexes of PatchDensity (PD), Largest Patch Index (LPI), Landscape Shape Index (LSI), Interspersion and Juxtaposition Index (IJI),Aggregation Index (AI), and Shannon's Diversity Index (SHDI), showing more regular shape, simpler structure andless habitat diversity after LCPs. It computes ten landscape indexes of four categories of patches including CultivatedLand, Road, Water Channel, and River and Pond. The indexes show that 1) cultivated land becomes more fragmentalin patch area, less irregular in patch shape and more concentrated in block; 2) the transport capacity of roads and irri-gation and drainage capacity of water channels have been improved; 3) the landscape change of river and pond can besummarized as decreasing scale, more regular shape, reducing connectivity and diversity of the class. LCPs can facili-tate agricultural production as well as protect cultivated land and food security. However, it is doubted that the increaseof cultivated land from LCPs results from the reducing in landscape diversity of water area. 相似文献
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景观镶嵌结构是景观异质性的重要表现,同时又是各种生态过程在不同尺度上作用的结果。本文以北京市野鸭湖湿地自然保护区为区域背景,以RS、GIS和GPS为技术手段,监测获取了1996-2002年研究区域湿地土地利用／土地覆盖景观空间格局变化,探讨了土地利用/土地覆盖景观空间格局变化对湿地环境的影响。故此,对1998-2000年和2000-2002年湿地资源景观镶嵌结构的动态变化进行详细分析。结果表明:(1)利用遥感信息多尺度、多时相、多波段的特点,在GIS、GPS技术的支持下,能够快速及时准确地反映湿地景观类型的动态变化,为湿地资源监测、保护与利用提供科学依据。(2)借助景观生态学中的相关原理,通过景观空间格局计算模型解释不同类型湿地景观的分布、变化,剖析湿地景观演化机制,为湿地景观规划与评价服务。(3)分析认为,野鸭湖湿地景观格局发生了较大的变化,水域面积减少严重,耕地面积增长幅度不高,旅游用地和堤坝面积明显增加。(4)湖泊和沼泽草甸是控制和影响湿地景观格局的主体。野鸭湖整个湿地景观的破碎化程度降低,人类活动干扰湿地在不断减弱,湿地景观异质性在逐渐降低,斑块之间的连通性提高,生境斑块相互之间的隔离度大大减少,湿地景观趋向稳定。 相似文献