共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
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根据宁夏沙坡头水利枢纽北干渠下段（西夏渠）隧洞工程施工中出现的问题,分析地下水对洞室开挖和初期支护的影响,总结隧洞洞室开挖和初期支护施工的经验,探讨了管棚支护方式的三个具体细节。 相似文献
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正在设计施工的某大型水电站地下洞室群地质条件复杂,其开挖支护方案对围岩稳定性非常重要,因此,对支护方案进行优化研究非常必要。为更真实地模拟岩体的力学特性,研究施工过程中岩体的损伤破坏,根据不可逆热力学理论建立了弹塑性损伤模型和损伤演化方程,并编制了三维弹塑性损伤有限元程序D-FEM,具有模拟开挖与支护、计算速度快、群组功能等特点。建立大型地下洞室群三维数值模型,将通过实测地应力反演的应力作为初始地应力。采用D-FEM模拟了不同支护方案洞室群的施工过程,通过分析洞室围岩的应力、位移和破损区,支护方案2的支护效果最好,建议采用此方案。考虑岩体损伤演化后与FLAC3D塑性区相比,洞室群边墙中部的破损区显著增加,因此,程序可应用于地下工程的稳定性分析 相似文献
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本文总结大量隧洞施工经验，对洞室的破坏机理进行了分析，提出了影响洞室围岩稳定性的主要因素及分析评价方法：通过对各种变形形式的分析，提出了洞室的开挖支护方法及支护时间对围岩稳定性的影响，最后对有关洞室围岩稳定性分析方法的国内发展现状进行了总结。 相似文献
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初始地应力场对洞室围岩稳定性的影响 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：3
邵国建 《水文地质工程地质》2003,30(6):44-48
基于施工力学分析方法,考虑岩体的宏观各向同性,建立了从施工开挖到适时支护的有限元列式,给出了模拟锚杆作用的加锚岩体组合单元模型及相关计算公式。针对影响洞室围岩稳定的主要因素,提出了基于实测点地应力的多元回归反演初始地应力场的分析方法。结合工程实例,探讨了不同初始地应力场及支护时机对洞室群围岩稳定的影响。结果表明,洞室变形量值和各洞室顶拱环向压应力均随着侧压系数增大而增大,而洞周的变形随支护时机的提前而减少,尤其是各洞室拱顶沉降位移减少更为明显。 相似文献
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地下水位下降对采矿覆岩下沉影响探析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
地下采煤会导致地表下沉盆地的形成。然而地下水尤其是承压水的流失即水位降低对地表下沉盆地的形成存在不可忽视的影响，而对两者之间的关系及其过程的力学机理是岩移领域亟待研究的课题之一。矿区地下水位降低的主要原因为承压水通过采动裂隙向下渗流、煤层开采前顶板岩溶含水岩层的疏干以及地面人为钻井取水。根据对一具体矿区地下水位下降对地表沉陷影响实测数据的分析得出，在以采煤为主导条件导致地表下沉的过程中，几乎全部的开采沉陷量中均包含有由于含水层释水而造成的沉陷量。通过对上覆岩层力学机理分析，指出水位降低对覆岩移动、地表下沉的影响是由于一定地质条件下可渗水性岩石的物理力学特性、渗水对其它岩石的软化、释水后原冲积层的压密固结以及水渗透过程中的水岩耦合作用等因素综合作用所致。同时，在以上理论的基础上还探讨性地建立了地下水位下降对地表下沉贡献模型，在此模型基础上可以建立2个或2个以上影响因素对地表下沉的贡献模型。最后以框图形式概括了地下水位下降及其对地表下沉影响的综合过程。 相似文献
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在工程实例中利用数值模拟方法对考虑和不考虑松动圈的岩体,在不同工况下锚杆加固前后的径向、环向应力,径向、环向位移以及锚杆轴向应力进行全面比较分析。研究锚杆和松动圈对隧洞围岩力学性质的影响,结果表明考虑和不考虑松动圈相比,洞室表面径向位移要明显大一些,而且外界载荷越大,二者的差值越大;在锚杆加固作用下环向应力峰值无论是否考虑松动圈,其出现位置都较加固前向洞壁方向移动,同时围岩径向位移在加固前后变化很大,随着外界载荷的增大,径向位移减小越明显。锚杆支护的主要作用之一是控制围岩的变形和发展,通过锚杆加固改善应力环境来提高围岩的稳定性。 相似文献
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Houjiang Zhang Amoussou Coffi Adoko Zhaojun Meng Hao Wang Yuyong Jiao 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2017,35(1):263-275
Expansive clay minerals can be a serious threat to underground rock structure because of their swelling behavior when absorbing water. Roof and wall collapse as well as large deformation were observed in Xiaotun Coal Mine, Guizhou Province, China. This paper studies the characteristics of expansive clays in order to understand the mechanism of the mudstone tunnel failures in the mine. The physical and mechanical properties of the tunnel surrounding rock samples, including mudstone, silty mudstone, argillaceous siltstone and fine sandstone were determined. X-ray diffraction analysis was conducted to determine the mineralogical composition while the scanning electron microscope was used to examine the internal structure of the different samples. The results indicate that the illite–smectite and the montmorillonite are the main minerals composing the rock samples. A series of micro-cracks and pores occur in the samples which suggest a good hydraulic conductivity. The results indicate that the mudstone has poorer mechanical properties in comparison to the fine sandstone. Also, the Flac3D numerical simulations were conducted and it was shown that the large deformations were consistent with the field observation due to weak mechanical properties of the surrounding rock under seepage action especially with the increase of water head and porosity. It is concluded that internal structure and mechanical strength of the mudstone is weakened by the illite–smectite and the montmorillonite mineral content as well as the combined action of underground water causing physical disintegration. 相似文献
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Zhang Dao-bing Jiang Jin Zhang Jia-hua 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2021,39(6):4393-4404
The effect of underground water levels on the stability of soft rock tunnel faces was analyzed in this paper. The underground water levels was divided into three cases, and the Hoek–Brown failure criterion was introduced into the kinematic approach by "tangent method", then three kinds of stability analysis model of tunnel faces under different underground water levels was constructed. Based on the principle of virtual power, the expressions of supporting force on the tunnel faces of soft rock under different underground water levels were derived. Moreover, the optimal upper limit solution of the supporting force on tunnel faces was obtained by using the sequential quadratic programming algorithm with Matlab software. After that, the effect of underground water levels on the supporting force of tunnel faces was analyzed, and the damage range of tunnel faces under different underground water levels was given. This paper provides some reference value for setting parameters of shield tunneling in water-rich section.
相似文献15.
Frank van Bergen Chris Spiers Geerke Floor Pieter Bots 《International Journal of Coal Geology》2009,77(1-2):43-53
Field experiments and laboratory studies have shown that swelling of coal takes place upon contact with carbon dioxide at underground pressure and temperature conditions. Understanding this swelling behavior is crucial for predicting the performance of future carbon dioxide sequestration operations in unminable coal seams conducted in association with methane production. Swelling is believed to be related to adsorption on the internal coal surface. Whereas it is well established that moisture influences the sorption capacity of coal, the influence of water on coal swelling is less well-defined. This paper presents the results of laboratory experiments to investigate the effect of moisture on coal swelling in the presence of carbon dioxide, methane and argon. Strain development of an unconfined sample of about 1.0–1.5 mm3 at 40 °C and 8 MPa (and at other pressures) was observed in an optical cell under a microscope as a function of time. Both air dried and moisturized samples were used. Results confirmed different swelling behaviors of coal with different substances: carbon dioxide leads to higher strain than methane, while exposure to argon leads to very little swelling. The experiments on moisturized samples seem to confirm the role of moisture as a competitor to gas molecules for adsorption sites. Adsorption of water could also explain the observed swelling due to water uptake at atmospheric pressure. A re-introduction of carbon dioxide, after intermediate gas release, results in higher strains which indicate a drying effect of the carbon dioxide on the coal. The results of this study show that the role of water cannot be ignored if one wants to understand the fundamental processes that are taking place in enhanced coalbed methane operations. 相似文献
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为研究压实作用对泥岩膨胀性及水分迁移的影响,将碾碎过筛泥岩以不同干密度分层夯实到自制试验箱中进行试验,采用高精度位移传感器和TDR-4型湿度传感器进行数据采集,并采用体式显微镜对泥岩颗粒进行微观结构分析。研究结果表明:不同压实作用下泥岩膨胀过程均经历初期快速陡增阶段、中期膨胀减缓阶段和后期膨胀稳定阶段;体积含水率增大过程均经历跳跃式快速增长阶段、外凸弧线缓慢增长阶段和后期稳定阶段;随着干密度的增加,其稳定膨胀量和稳定膨胀率近似呈线形增加;水分在泥岩中的迁移与泥岩自身膨胀挤密和大气影响深度相关,干密度越大,膨胀挤密效果越明显,大气影响深度越小,其水分迁移速度越小;泥岩颗粒孔隙较为发育,连通性较好,可为水分迁移提供通道;泥岩浸水膨胀后呈泥质状态,颗粒间黏结发生破坏。研究可为膨胀泥岩地区高速铁路的修建提供参考依据。 相似文献
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青藏铁路沿线发育6个典型移动冰丘,冰丘冻胀对线路工程具有严重破坏作用,导致桥墩扭裂、涵洞破裂与输油管道弯曲变形,产生显著的灾害效应。83道班移动冰丘发育于二道沟盆地南侧两组断层的交叉复合部位,属断层破碎带桥基施工诱发移动冰丘;夏季表现为上涌泉水,形成泉坑;冬季形成厚度达0.5m的冰幔和高达2.5m的冰丘,产生了比较严重的灾害隐患。在泉水富集部位,通过修筑堤坝、泉水池和排水通道,改变了泉水的运移路线,消除了移动冰丘及灾害隐患,确保了83道班铁路大桥的工程安全,为青藏铁路沿线移动冰丘的工程防治积累了成功经验。 相似文献
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