共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
1.
2.
3.
北京市平原区地下水流动数值模型应用研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以北京市平原区地下水系统作为研究对象,系统地收集整理了相关的地质和水文地质资料,通过对资料的综合分析,对边界条件、含水层结构等进行合理概化,建立了水文地质概念模型。在此基础上,运用MODFLOW软件建立了北京市平原区地下水流动的三维数值模型。模型垂向上剖分为10层,平面上每层剖分为499行×499列不规则矩形网格,有效单元共计1 103 000个,以刻画复杂的含水层结构和地下水三维流动特征。依据实测地下水位数据进行模型参数识别与校正,绝大多数计算水位与实测水位拟合较好,模拟流场与实测流场吻合,参数符合水文地质条件,表明本研究建立的数值模型能够较好地刻画北京平原区地下水流动特征。 相似文献
4.
矿区地下水系统及其特征分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文从系统论出发，提出了矿区地下水系统的概念模型，分析并阐述了矿区地下水系统的结构、功能、性质和特征。结合恩口煤矿实例，说明了矿区地下水系统的存在及其概念与模型在解决矿区水文地质过程中的作用。 相似文献
5.
单斜含水层-泉流系统概念模型研究 总被引：5，自引：2，他引：5
“当前数值模拟的核心问题是防止模拟失真 ,努力提高仿真性”[1 ] .模拟失真是多方面的 ,其中最主要的是概念模型失真 .一旦水文地质概念模型不能刻画研究区地下水的基本运动规律 ,其后的工作再精细 ,也不可能弥补建立概念模型的失误 .因此 ,要十分重视水文地质概念模型的建立 .然而 ,这个问题并没有引起水文地质数值模拟工作者的普遍重视 .我们要避免对水文地质条件、地下水流动基本特征未加精细分析就摆出数学模型[2 ] .这种模型的预测结果是难以置信的 ,尽管有的模型其短时间的拟合度还不是很差 ,但是“拟合好或差并不是检验建模合理性的… 相似文献
6.
7.
广州江村水源地岩溶地下水流场数值模拟 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用GMS软件建立江村水源地岩溶地下水水文地质概念模型,利用MODFLOW模块模拟了岩溶地下水分布。模型识别、验证结果表明,所建立模型达到精度要求,真实地反映了该区域地下水水力特征,为该地区地下水污染调查评价奠定了基础。 相似文献
8.
杜凤文 《吉林大学学报(地球科学版)》1987,(4)
本文运用系统化方法分析和研究了江汉平原沙洋地区地下水系统结构与功能,建立了水文地质概念模型及系统处理模型——耦合模型。该模型把系统与环境有机的结合起来,为评价系统最优化和设计系统最优开采方案奠定了理论基础。 相似文献
9.
为了给吉林省白城市地下水资源合理开发利用提供科学依据,运用地下水模拟技术对白城市地下水位变化趋势进行预测。首先在分析研究区水文地质条件的基础上建立水文地质概念模型,将含水系统概化为潜水含水层、越流层和承压含水层,并确定了系统的边界条件。运用地下水模型软件(GMS)对研究区地下水流进行了模拟和预测,预测结果表明在扩大开采的情况下,潜水含水层水位总体下降约1~2 m;随着开采量的增加和时间的增长,含水层在洮儿河扇形地、洮南、研究区东北部、镇赉、大安南部等地相继出现疏干现象,最大降幅达5~6 m。承压含水层在大安南部、镇赉北部等地水位下降较大,但是流场整体降幅不大,总体降幅在0.5 m以内。最后提出了地下水合理开发利用建议。 相似文献
10.
洪积扇潜水与冲洪积平原多层结构潜水,承压水水流模型研究 总被引：7，自引：1，他引：7
本文提出了洪积扇潜水与冲洪积平原上部潜水。下部多层结构承压水平面混合剖面耦合的水文地质概念模型和数学模型，解决了洪积扇潜水向冲洪积平原多层承压水和潜水过渡的地下水运移的模拟问题，并编制了上述水文地质模式的不规则有限差分程序，该程序可用于不同埋藏条件，不同组合形式的地下水系统的数值模拟，在解法上，采用超松弛与低松弛的迭代方法。从而完善了解二维地下水系统数值模拟模型的方法。最后对新疆安集海灌区地下水流 相似文献
11.
Process-based groundwater models are useful to understand complex aquifer systems and make predictions about their response to hydrological changes. A conceptual model for evaluating responses to environmental changes is presented, considering the hydrogeologic framework, flow processes, aquifer hydraulic properties, boundary conditions, and sources and sinks of the groundwater system. Based on this conceptual model, a quasi-three-dimensional transient groundwater flow model was designed using MODFLOW to simulate the groundwater system of Mahanadi River delta, eastern India. The model was constructed in the context of an upper unconfined aquifer and lower confined aquifer, separated by an aquitard. Hydraulic heads of 13 shallow wells and 11 deep wells were used to calibrate transient groundwater conditions during 1997–2006, followed by validation (2007–2011). The aquifer and aquitard hydraulic properties were obtained by pumping tests and were calibrated along with the rainfall recharge. The statistical and graphical performance indicators suggested a reasonably good simulation of groundwater flow over the study area. Sensitivity analysis revealed that groundwater level is most sensitive to the hydraulic conductivities of both the aquifers, followed by vertical hydraulic conductivity of the confining layer. The calibrated model was then employed to explore groundwater-flow dynamics in response to changes in pumping and recharge conditions. The simulation results indicate that pumping has a substantial effect on the confined aquifer flow regime as compared to the unconfined aquifer. The results and insights from this study have important implications for other regional groundwater modeling studies, especially in multi-layered aquifer systems. 相似文献
12.
自Tóth提出地下水流系统理论以来,大多学者基于定水头上边界的解析解或数值模拟研究地下水流系统发育特征,尤其是多级水流系统模式。认为复杂的盆地"地形势"就会发育多级地下水流系统,简单地形发育单一地下水流系统。利用自主研发的地下水流系统砂槽模型进行系列实验发现,实验条件下(模型尺寸、介质和多个河谷不变)水流系统的发育受控于降水入渗强度。得出随着降水入渗强度的增大,水流系统模式由单一的区域水流系统,到复杂的多级次水流系统,再到局部的水流系统的结论;盆地多个势汇中,只有实际成为地下水排泄点的汇势才能影响地下水流系统模式,而其他的势汇只是可能的潜在势汇。实验表明,用定流量上边界(降水入渗强度)能够更好地揭示盆地地下水流系统模式发育与变化机理。 相似文献
13.
14.
随着我国地下水监测工作的高速发展,高频率高密度水位监测数据的出现催生了对其进行深入信息挖掘的需求。在传统地下水模型研究中,地下水水位监测值常位于模型构建过程的下游,当水位监测的时空密度逐渐增大时,新增信息无法有效传导至模型的规划阶段并指导概念模型的修订。文章提出了一种地下水系统补排边界的识别方法,在不建立地下水数值模型的前提下,以监测井空间位置为节点,按照德劳内原则建立三角网格。在此网格系统中,首先定义一个水力梯度变换函数gradF,以求取网格中任意位置的水力梯度;借鉴机器学习领域的优化算法,使用水力梯度场驱动含水层中随机分布质点的运行轨迹,并以此推断和识别区域内地下水补给和排泄边界。在环境地学计算平台EnviFusion-CGS中实现,并构建了详细工作流程。以山东省青岛市大沽河中下游含水层为示范区,对含水系统的补给区和排泄区的空间分布及其动态变化进行了分析,取得了良好效果。本研究为构建和修订已有含水层概念模型提供了新思路。 相似文献
15.
Modelling groundwater over-extraction in the southern Jordan Valley with scarce data 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
To deal with the challenge of groundwater over-extraction in arid and semi-arid environments, it is necessary to establish management strategies based on the knowledge of hydrogeological conditions, which can be difficult in places where hydrogeological data are dispersed, scarce or present potential misinformation. Groundwater levels in the southern Jordan Valley (Jordan) have decreased drastically in the last three decades, caused by over-extraction of groundwater for irrigation purposes. This study presents a local, two-dimensional and transient numerical groundwater model, using MODFLOW, to characterise the groundwater system and the water balance in the southern Jordan Valley. Furthermore, scenarios are simulated regarding hydrological conditions and management options, like extension of arable land and closure of illegal wells, influencing the projection of groundwater extraction. A limited dataset, literature values, field surveys, and the ‘crop water-requirement method’ are combined to determine boundary conditions, aquifer parameters, and sources and sinks. The model results show good agreement between predicted and observed values; groundwater-level contours agree with the conceptual model and expected flow direction, and, in terms of water balance, flow volumes are in accordance with literature values. Average annual water consumption for irrigation is estimated to be 29 million m3 and simulation results show that a reduction of groundwater pumping by 40% could recover groundwater heads, reducing the water taken from storage. This study presents an example of how to develop a local numerical groundwater model to support management strategies under the condition of data scarcity. 相似文献
16.
This study examines the groundwater characteristics in the Silver Bell Mountains, Arizona, USA, using a numerical model. Groundwater modeling is developed to describe the flow pattern in the study area and subsequently explores the possible interaction with regional porphyry copper deposits. A conceptual model is developed for the study area and regional hydrogeological conditions are simulated using the finite-difference groundwater flow model, MODFLOW-2005. The model results show that groundwater flow in the Silver Bell Mountains is strongly influenced by topography and its velocity varies with depth. In addition, the numerical model supports the idea of a continuous sustained interaction between groundwater flow and porphyry copper deposits in the Silver Bell Mountains. This interaction may result in continuing leaching of trace elements from the ore deposit, an important implication for continuing supergene alteration and enrichment of the porphyry copper deposit. 相似文献
17.
基于GMS的岩溶山区三维地下水流模式识别 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
以高岚河东部多条支沟切割形成的连排型河间地块为研究区,基于1∶5万岩溶水文地质调查成果,利用GIS技术和径流分割,量化岩溶含水系统顶底板高程、获取入渗补给系数及地下水径流量等数据,运用三维地下水流数值模拟及粒子追踪地下水流线的方法,得出了研究区的地下水流模式。其结果表明:研究区地下水流模式主要受区域尺度的势源和势汇控制,局部的地形起伏对地下水位的影响不明显;支沟切割较深的凉伞沟、滩淤河流域,水流驱动力大,有利于局部水流系统的发育;随着东部补给高程的增加,流程逐渐增长,多发育局部水流系统,至山脊附近多发育排泄至高岚河的中间水流系统。当研究区年降雨量由中等的1 021.1 mm降为多年最低的725.5 mm时,由东部补给区排泄至高岚河的中间水流系统增加;在此降雨强度区间,不具备发育越过河间地块的中间或区域地下水流系统。 相似文献
18.
变异条件下内蒙古呼包平原地下水演化趋势 总被引：6，自引：3，他引：3
重点探讨气候变异对内蒙古呼包平原地下水资源、地下水流场和动态的影响。在介绍呼包平原水文地质条件的基础上,运用地下水模型软件PMWIN 5.1建立了研究区双层地下水流模型,并根据1998年地下水动态观测和统测资料对模型进行识别。通过对近51 a降水量的分析,确定将连续出现的2个特枯年作为地下水的变异条件,运用地下水模型对变异条件下地下水状态进行模拟,结果表明：2年间对地下水的严重超采,使地下水亏空量达75 296.34 万m3,潜水和承压含水层的地下水位大幅度下降,潜水位最大下降4 m左右,承压水位最大下降17 m左右;漏斗中心主要集中在开采量大的呼和浩特和包头市区。 相似文献
19.
The Judea Group, a limestone and dolomite karstic aquifer of late Albian–Turonian age, is one of the most important sources
of water in Israel. In the western part of the country, the Judea Group aquifer is also known as the Yarkon–Taninim basin.
In the northern Negev, the Judea Group is a recipient for fresh water flowing southward from the Hebron Mountains and of brackish
paleowater flowing northward from Sinai. Very little is known of the hydraulic properties of this aquifer. In order to outline
assumed natural flow paths that existed in this karstic environment prior to groundwater exploitation, use was made of lithological,
structural, and paleomorphological features. A detailed hydrogeological conceptual model of the Judea Group aquifer in northern
Negev was established by the geological interpretation of high-resolution seismic reflection and by analysis of lithological
evidence from boreholes. Isopach, isolith-contour, and isolith-ratio maps were compiled for the main lithological components.
Increase in transmissivity values is inversely proportional with the cumulative thickness of argillaceous components. The
lithological and hydraulic evidence provides the basis for subdividing the subsurface into distinctive permeability zones
for the upper and lower sections of the aquifer; for outlining possible preferential groundwater flow paths for both subaquifers;
and for improving understanding of groundwater-salinty variations that result from lithological variability, direction of
groundwater flow paths, groundwater flow rates, and the duration of rock/water interactions. In an earlier conceptual model
of the basin, the Judea Group aquifer was regarded as a continuous and undisturbed entity. The present study reveals an intricate
groundwater flow pattern that is controlled by lithological and structural factors that create zones of preferential flow.
This interpretation bears on the overall evaluation of groundwater resources and their management and exploitation.
Received, December 1996 · Revised, October 1997, June 1998 · Accepted, July 1998 相似文献
20.
在完善与整合现有河流生态系统结构功能概念及模型的基础上,提出河流生态系统结构功能整体性概念模型。水文情势、水力条件和地貌景观格局是对河流生态系统结构与功能具有关键影响的3大生境要素,结构功能模型的核心是建立以3大生境要素为构架的生命支持系统与河流生命系统之间的相互作用和相互制约关系,同时考虑由于人类活动引起生境要素变化对于河流生态系统的影响。河流生态系统结构功能整体性概念模型由以下4种模型组成:河流四维连续体模型、水文情势-河流生态过程耦合模型、水力条件-生物生活史特征适宜模型以及地貌景观空间异质性-生物群落多样性关联模型,这4种模型的一体化整合,基本概括了河流生态系统结构功能的整体特征。 相似文献