共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
1.
基于Chirp数据和Biot-Stoll模型反演南海北部陆坡海底表层沉积物物理性质 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
浅地层剖面是基于声学信号(频率在几百至几千赫兹)在沉积物中的传播得到可反映沉积地层结构的数据，海底反射系数与沉积物物理性质密切相关。Biot-Stoll声波传播理论模型可以预测海底沉积物的物理性质，构建反射系数等声学参数与物理参数之间的关系，但在不同的海域采用不同的参数所获得的效果不同。为此，本文基于南海北部陆坡海底表层沉积物的实测物理参数，利用Biot-Stoll模型建立研究区海底反射系数和沉积物物理性质之间的关系，结果表明模型计算值与样品实测值吻合度总体较好，偏差在0.1%～4.9%之间，并建立了频率3.5 kHz时海底反射系数与沉积物孔隙度、密度、平均粒径之间的关系方程，且方程拟合度较高，可决系数R2均大于0.99。在对典型Chirp剖面数据计算其海底反射系数的基础上，反演了海底表层沉积物的孔隙度、密度、颗粒平均粒径等物理性质，其中反演孔隙度、密度、平均粒径与实测孔隙度、密度、平均粒径相对误差均小于5%，结果与实测值基本相符，表明该反演方法在南海北部陆坡区的应用是可行的。 相似文献
2.
3.
A linear FM sonar system was developed to support the objective of remote acoustic classification of seafloor sediments. It is a calibrated, wideband, digital, frequency modulated sonar that provides quantitative, high-resolution, low-noise sub-bottom data. Since the linear sonar system can precisely transmit a specified waveform, the calibrated digitally recorded reflection data can be processed to estimate the acoustic impulse response of the seabed and sediment attenuation. An acoustic pulse with special frequency domain weighting characteristics is designed to provide low temporal sidelobe levels and a nearly constant resolution with depth even after passing through a sediment with high losses such as sand. After correlation processing, the wideband acoustic pulse yields an effective beam pattern with high spatial resolution and insignificant sidelobe levels. Data sets generated with the FM profiler indicate that the required temporal and spatial characteristics of the sonar are realized in practice 相似文献
4.
海底浅表层（小于1 m）沉积物的物理性质,如粒度、孔隙度、密度等是海洋沉积学研究和海洋工程地质分析的重要内容,目前主要基于有限的海底取样或原位测试获取这些沉积物的物理性质。浅地层剖面是基于声学信号（频率几千赫兹）在沉积物中的传播得到可反映沉积地层结构的数据,其中的一些声学参数,如海底反射系数、波阻抗等与沉积物物理性质密切相关。如何充分而有效地利用浅地层剖面资料,反演得到剖面覆盖区海底浅表层沉积物的物理性质参数,极具科学意义和应用价值,且基于声学属性反演沉积物物理性质是当前研究的热点。为此,本文基于渤海LD16-3CEPA至LD10-1PAPD路由段的浅地层剖面数据和海底表层沉积物的实测物理参数,利用Biot-Stoll模型建立研究区海底反射系数和沉积物物理性质之间的关系,并基于浅地层剖面数据计算得到的海底反射系数,反演了研究区海底浅表层沉积物的孔隙度、密度、平均粒径等物理性质参数。其中反演的孔隙度、密度、平均粒径与实测孔隙度、密度、平均粒径基本相符,偏差度基本都在20%的偏差范围内,表明该反演方法在该区的应用是可行的。 相似文献
5.
D. Mallinson S. Locker M. Hafen D. Naar A. Hine D. Lavoie S. Schock 《Geo-Marine Letters》1997,17(4):237-245
Geophysical surveys and ground truth data are compared from a site in the Dry Tortugas, Florida. Seismic data reveal six
depositional sequences bounded by high-amplitude reflectors interpreted as subaerial unconformities. Chirp sonar data reveal
structure within the Holocene depositional sequence that is correlated to ground truth data. Sedimentary units within the
Holocene sequence record a transition from a low-energy, lagoonal environment, to a high-energy, shallow marine environment,
to a moderate-energy, slightly deeper marine environment. Forward modeling and impedance inversion reveal good agreement between
sediment physical properties, acoustic properties measured by the electric logger, and the chirp sonar data. 相似文献
6.
《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2009,34(4):526-538
7.
Near-bottom normal incidence acoustic reflection data and sediment physical property data are used to study the relationships between acoustic reflections and sediment physical properties. A pinger-hydrophone experiment was performed to obtain the necessary acoustic reflection data. In addition, a standard piston core was retrieved in the acoustic survey area for physical property analysis. The piston core was sampled and 13 properties were measured at 55 locations within the top 12 m of the core. Correlation studies amongst the sediment physical properties resulted in the following strong correlations: acoustic impedance () and porosity (), (0.96); water content () and , (0.95); bulk density () and , (0.99).The empirical orthonormal function (EOF) method was employed for acoustic signal analysis. This method assumes no a-priori models of the sediment or causality. The EOF method reduced the acoustic data to 8 functions that contained 97.6% of the sample variance. The EOFs were subsequently analysed by using cepstrum analysis which reveals time delay information and enhances detecting zones of reflectivity. The result of the sediment physical property and cepstrum analysis indicates that zones of reflectivity are essentially zones of relatively high acoustic impedance, low porosity, and low phi (high mean grain size). 相似文献
8.
报道了南海浅海海底沉积物的声衰减性质。给出了测量和计算海底沉积物声衰减的方法。分析讨论了不同频率下的声衰减以及与若干个海底沉积物物理参数的关系,结果表明,同一类型沉积物在高频段时的声衰减要比低频段的声衰减大;同一频段下粗颗粒沉积物的声衰减要比细颗粒的声衰减大;北部湾海底浅层沉积物声衰减在低频100kHz下为80~150dB/m,在高频1MHz下为150~360dB/m;海南岛南部外海海底浅层沉积物声衰减在低频下为66~160dB/m,在高频1MHz下为190~350dB/m;高频段的数据与台湾海峡北部海底表层沉积物声衰减测量分析数据比较接近,而低频段的数据与台湾海峡北部海底表层沉积物声衰减测量分析数据有较大的差别。 相似文献
9.
Lei Sun Xiangmei Meng Guanbao Li Guangming Kan Baohua Liu 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2020,38(5):595-603
AbstractThe high-frequency acoustic properties of seafloor sediments are very significant in seafloor study and underwater acoustic study field. In order to measure the sound speed and the attenuation for the small-scale sediment cores more accurately, this study developed a water coupled acoustic laboratory measurement system based on Richardson-Briggs technique. This method used the correlation comparison of waveforms received in sediment core and in identical reference tubes filled with water to measure sound speed and attenuation. The sound speed and attenuation of a clayey silt sediment sample were measured using the water coupled acoustic laboratory measurement system. This frequency dependence of the sound speed and attenuation showed that the clayey silt sediment has a weak positive sound speed dispersion, while the attenuation increases with a strong positive gradient within the measurement frequency range. This study also noted that the measured sound speed ratio match well with the empirical equations from literature. The measured attenuation factor data can fall in the Hamilton’s empirical prediction range. 相似文献
10.
Robb G.B.N. Best A.I. Dix J.K. White P.R. Leighton T.G. Bull J.M. Harris A. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》2007,32(2):484-496
Geoacoustic inversion requires a generic knowledge of the frequency dependence of compressional wave properties in marine sediments, the nature of which is still under debate. The use of in situ probes to measure sediment acoustic properties introduces a number of experimental difficulties that must be overcome. To this end, a series of well-constrained in situ acoustic transmission experiments were undertaken on intertidal sediments using a purpose-built in situ device, the Sediment Probing Acoustic Detection Equipment (SPADE). Compressional wave speed and attenuation coefficient were measured from 16 to 100 kHz in medium to fine sands and coarse to medium silts. Spreading losses, which were adjusted for sediment type, were incorporated into the data processing, as were a thorough error analysis and an examination of the repeatability of both the acoustic wave emitted by the source and the coupling between probes and sediment. Over the experimental frequency range and source-to-receiver (S-R) separations of 0.99-8.1 m, resulting speeds are accurate to between 1.1% and 4.5% in sands and less than 1.9% in silts, while attenuation coefficients are accurate to between 1 and 7 dBm in both sands and silts. Preliminary results indicate no speed dispersion and an attenuation coefficient that is proportional to frequency. 相似文献
11.
12.
13.
Gwang-Soo Lee Gwang-Hoon Lee Soo-Choul Park Gil-Young Kim Dong-Geun Yoo 《Marine Georesources & Geotechnology》2013,31(2):96-114
High-resolution seismic survey and sediment core sampling were conducted to investigate acoustic characteristics of gas-bearing sediments in Jinhae Bay, the southeast of Korea. The sediment in Jinhae Bay is mostly homogenous mud deposited after the Holocene transgression. Along with the 410 km of chirp seismic profiling, five piston core samples were collected on the track lines. Gassy sediments are common and occur widely in the bay. Core samples were analyzed for sediment texture, physical properties (porosity, water content, bulk density, and grain density), acoustic properties (compressional wave velocity and attenuation), and electrical resistivity. X-radiograph image analysis was also performed to observe the shape of degassing cracks. There is no significant downcore variation on physical and sediment textures regardless of existence of gas bubbles. However, compressional wave velocity dramatically decreases from average 1480 to 1380～739 m/s for the cores that penetrate the gas-bearing zones. This is probably due to degassying cracks that developed by escaping gases and free gas bubbles that are still trapped in the cores. Electrical resistivity is the only geotechnical property that increases in the gas-bearing zone where compressional wave velocity abruptly decreases. This indicates the possibility of using both electrical resistivity as an index variable as well as to compressional wave velocity to identify gassy sediment microstructure because there are little changes in texture and composition of sediment. 相似文献
14.
An acoustic wave scattering model is formulated and solved for three homogeneous layers consisting of a thin solid sediment layer sandwiched by semi-infinite water and solid basalt media. The model is applied to two cases to analyze both the physical parameters affecting reflection loss and the effects of interface roughness scattering. It is shown that effects of attenuation in the sediment layer, especially of S -waves, combine with conversion and scattering processes of the basalt interface to constitute the dominant mechanism of reflection loss, especially in the small grazing angle directions. The scattering process is found not only to produce the well-known acoustic energy loss from specular to nonspecular directions, but also to alter the conversion efficiency between P and S waves with a resulting loss or gain 相似文献
15.
The paper discusses an inversion method that allows the rapid determination of in situ geoacoustic properties of the ocean bottom without resorting to large acoustic receiving apertures, synthetic or real. The method is based on broad-band waterborne measurements and modeling of the waveguide impulse response between a controlled source and a single hydrophone. Results from Yellow Shark '94 experiments in Mediterranean shallow waters using single elements of a vertical array are reviewed, inversion of the bottom parameters is performed with an objective function that includes the processing gain of a model-based matched filter (MBMF) receiver relative to the conventional matched filter. The MBMF reference signals incorporate waveguide Green's functions for known geometry and water column acoustic model and hypothesized bottom geoacoustic models. The experimental inversion results demonstrated that, even for complex environmental conditions, a single transmission of a broad-band (200-800 Hz) coded signal received at a single depth and a few hundred forward modeling runs were sufficient to correctly resolve the bottom features. These included the sound speed profile, attenuation, density, and thickness of the top clay sediment layer, and sound speed and attenuation of the silty clay bottom. Exhaustive parameter search proved unequivocally the low-ambiguity and high-resolution properties of the MBMF-derived objective. The single-hydrophone results compare well with those obtained under identical conditions from matched-field processing of multitone pressure fields sampled on the vertical array. Both of these results agree with expectations from geophysical ground truth. The MBMF has been applied successfully to a field of advanced drifting acoustic buoys on the Western Sicilian shelf, demonstrating the general applicability of the inversion method presented 相似文献
16.
17.
Reflection Coefficient Calculation from Marine High Resolution Seismic Reflection (Chirp) Data and Application to an Archaeological Case Study 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Chirp sub-bottom profilers produce high-resolution images of the near-surface. An attribute of the sea-bed reflection in chirp data are fluctuations in polarity between adjacent traces. Two models are proposed and presented to explain this: the first incorporates changes in an acoustic impedance gradient at the sea bed; the second uses changes in the thickness of the uppermost sediment layer. Mixing of adjacent traces produces a consistent polarity for the sea-bed reflector. Reflection coefficients are calculated, using amplitude information derived from single-traces, and polarity information from trace mixing, with application to a marine archaeological case study. The reflection coefficient calculated for the top of a buried 18th century wooden wreck is -0.26. 相似文献
18.
Biot反演在夏威夷钙质沉积物原位测量声速和衰减中的应用 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
对夏威夷檀香山岛的两个站(H3和H4)钙质沉积物进行了20～100kHz的原位纵波声速和声衰减测量.它们均有轻微的频散.随频率的增加H3站位声速从1691m/s增加到1708m/s,H4站位的声速从1579m/s增加到1585m/s.随频率的增加H3站位的有效衰减从15dB/m增加到75dB/m,H4站位的有效衰减从22dB/m增加到62dB/m.运用Biot-Stoll模型对所测得的纵波速度和声衰减数据进行了Biot模型未知参数反演,发现粒径较大的H3站的沉积物(孔隙率为45%)比粒径较小的H4站的沉积物(孔隙率为56%)具有曲率小和渗透率及孔隙半径都大的性质. 相似文献
19.
南沙海域深水区表层沉积物声速与孔隙度相关关系 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
采用同轴差距测量法对南沙海域海底沉积物取样进行甲板现场声学测量,并计算了声速,结合沉积物取样分析获得的孔隙度,研究了海底表层100 cm沉积物的声速和孔隙度之间的相互关系,分析获得了孔隙度与海底沉积物声速关系的经验公式,结果表明此海域沉积物声速的临界孔隙度为67.80%。将此公式与国内外其他学者建立的经验公式进行了对比,分析发现各预测方程之间存在着差异,说明不同海域的沉积物声学特性具有差异性,经验公式具有区域性,同时分析了其他影响声速的因素。此项工作对于建立和研究南海声场环境具有重要意义。 相似文献
20.
This paper examines the impact that a thin layer of varying density would have on high-frequency reflection, forward loss, and backscattering of acoustic plane waves from the seafloor. A functional form for density stratification was found by examination of several high-resolution density profiles obtained from X-ray computed tomography (CT) scans of seafloor cores. A solution based on these general profiles was used to estimate the reflection coefficient. The influence of the density profile on reflection loss and backscatter was then calculated using the estimated reflection coefficient. Parameter values used in simulations were obtained from the literature or from the CT scans of cores. It was found that inclusion of a density profile adds a strong frequency dependence to estimates of the reflection coefficient and forward loss. The largest effect on total scattering strength is near normal incidence where returns are dominated by interface scattering. The effect of the density profile on the strength of acoustic returns suggests that care should be taken when using high-frequency systems for measuring sediment properties, especially near normal incidence 相似文献