共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Input parameters, such as rock mass strength parameters and deformation modulus, considered in the design of underground openings involve some uncertainty. The current uncertainty in these parameters is due to the inherent variability of these parameters. To quantify these parameters and design underground openings, the statistical methods must be utilized. In this research, a statistical method was used to define the GSI of rock mass (Geological Strength Index), block volume (Vb), and joint conditions (Jc). Using the GSI distribution function obtained from field data and intact rock strength characteristics, the statistical distribution functions of rock mass parameters were defined using the Monte Carlo method. The statistical analysis of the stability in Azad-pumped storage powerhouse cavern was carried out through the point estimate method. The appropriate support system was suggested according to the support pressure and the plastic zone around the cavern. This study showed the application of the statistical method, by combining the uncertainties of the intact rock strength and discontinuity parameters, in the assessment of the strength and deformability of rock masses and the support selection process in comparison with the deterministic methods. 相似文献
2.
Rock Mass Characterization and Rock Property Variability Considerations for Tunnel and Cavern Design 总被引：5，自引：3，他引：2
M. Cai 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2011,44(4):379-399
3.
This paper proposes a numerical model for jointed rock masses within the 3‐D numerical manifold method (NMM) framework equipped with a customized contact algorithm. The strength of rock sample containing a few sets of discontinuities is first investigated. The results of models with simple geometries are compared with the available analytical solutions to verify the developed computer code, whereas models with complex geometries are simulated to better understand the fundamental behavior and failure mechanism of jointed rock mass. Furthermore, the stability of jointed rock mass in an underground excavation is studied, where rock failure process is determined by the 3‐D NMM simulation. The simulation results provide valuable guidance on excavation process design and stabilization design in rock engineering practice. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
4.
地下水封油库通常建造于完整性好的结晶岩体内部,利用隙存水封的原理将油气封闭于地下洞室内部,洞库围岩在施工及运营期间具有典型的流固耦合特征。论文基于裂隙岩体流固耦合理论,采用COMSOL Multiphysics 软件对洞库围岩不同工况下流固耦合特征进行了模拟研究。研究结果表明:地下洞库在不设置人工水幕情况下,开挖后洞室顶部地下水位明显下降,并形成降落漏斗,可能导致洞室油气外溢; 设置人工水幕后,洞室顶部地下水位下降趋势得到明显控制,有效确保了水封的可靠性; 在设置水幕的情况下,洞室直墙及洞室拱顶与底板角点处出现明显的应力集中,但围岩仍未出现连贯塑性区,洞室最大位移不超过5mm,洞室围岩稳定性良好。分析成果对于指导洞库优化设计及施工具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
5.
断层构造是制约地下工程设计与施工的关键因素。综合考虑复杂地质构造与地下洞室群结构的耦合关系,采用三维地质建模方法建立实现了地层体、断层体与地下洞室群结构的统一模型。基于三维模型提出了断层复杂度的概念,为水利水电工程地下厂房洞室群的选址方案分析提供了一种新的手段。针对地下围岩稳定性问题,提出基于断层与断层、断层与开挖面相互切割的曲面块体识别方法,搜索地下厂房洞室群内可能的失稳区域。上述方法已成功应用在某水电工程地下厂房洞室群分析中,在设计方案优化分析中取得了良好的效果。 相似文献
6.
某大型地下洞室群围岩稳定性分类研究 总被引：17，自引：5，他引：12
根据地下洞室群的特点 ,选取岩体质量综合级别、块体状况、开挖位移及破坏区、岩爆烈度四因素为分类指标 ,建立了大型地下洞室群围岩稳定性分类体系。针对不同稳定性等级 ,提供了相应的开挖方式和支护处理建议。最后 ,运用该分类体系对某地下洞室群的主厂房进行了分析评价。 相似文献
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9.
Mechanical Tests on Pervasively Jointed Rock Material: Insight into Rock Mass Behaviour 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
R. Ribacchi 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2000,33(4):243-266
Summary
In the exploration phase for the design of an underground cavern in a limestone formation a large number of triaxial compression
tests were carried out on laboratory specimens which were characterized by a variable degree of fracturing. The data were
analyzed to investigate the influence of fracture intensity and of confining stress on the mechanical parameters. In particular,
investigations focused on the relationships between the parameters of the strength criteria, respectively in residual and
peak conditions, on the decay of the Young modulus with stress level in the prepeak phase of the test, and on the brittleness
of the rock in the postpeak phase. The tested rock can be considered as a small-scale model of a jointed rock mass, and the
laboratory data therefore provide useful insight into the mechanical behaviour of rock masses, especially the relationships
between residual and peak strength parameters, which are required in many analytical models and in numerical codes for the
analysis of underground excavations. 相似文献
10.
Rajinder Bhasin Nick Barton Eystein Grimstad Panayotis Chryssanthakis 《Engineering Geology》1995,40(3-4):169-193
A detailed engineering geological assessment of low strength (6–35 MPa) anisotropic rocks at an ongoing Hydroelectric Project in the Himalayan Region has been carried out. The project (the Nathpa Jhakri Hydroelectric Project) will have one of the world's largest and longest water conducting systems, consisting of a 10.15 m diameter and 27.3 km long head race tunnel, a 942 000 m3 underground desilting complex and a 20 × 49 × 216 m powerhouse cavern in the area. Because these constructions are made in low strength metamorphosed anisotropic rocks like quartz mica schists, biotite schists and muscovite schists, it seemed necessary and worthwhile to undertake a comprehensive study of such rocks. The studies include petrographic and petrofabric analyses of the rocks, geo-mechanical properties, rock stress measurements, rock mass classification using the Q-System and data concerning joint geometry, joint roughness and joint strength. The use of mapped geological and geotechnical data along with the experimental and modelling studies have helped to better understand the behaviour of these rocks in underground openings. 相似文献
11.
不同倾角节理组和锚固效应对岩体特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
首先采用DDARF(discontinuous deformation analysis for rock failure)分析方法对双裂隙岩块进行单轴和双轴压缩模拟试验,研究了裂隙角度和侧向应力大小对岩块特性的影响,得到了裂隙岩块在这两种加载试验中的破坏过程、应力-应变曲线以及岩块中裂隙的起裂应力和岩块的峰值强度。在双轴压缩模拟试验中绘制了裂隙角度为45°的岩块在不同侧向压力下的强度包络线。其次,采用DDARF分析方法模拟劈裂试验中含裂隙试块的锚固效果,得到了4种不同锚固角度试块的轴向荷载–位移变化曲线和裂隙扩展规律。模拟结果与前人的类似条件下的试验结果相符良好。随后又将双裂隙试块双轴压缩模拟试验中得到的参数运用到一个地下洞室的工程实例中,用等效力学特性的方法分析对比了完整岩体和节理岩体洞室开挖完成后的破损状态的差异。最后运用DDARF分析方法研究了随机生成4组节理岩体的地下洞室的稳定性,得到了洞室节理围岩的裂隙扩展过程。同时通过对关键点位移的监测分析了锚杆的锚固效应。 相似文献
12.
Rock cavern stability has a close relationship with the uncertain geological parameters, such as the in situ stress, the joint configurations, and the joint mechanical properties. Therefore, the stability of the rock cavern should be studied with variable geological conditions. In this paper, the coupled hydro-mechanical model, which is under the framework of the discontinuous deformation analysis, is developed to study the underground cavern stability when considering the hydraulic pressure after excavation. Variable geological conditions are taken into account to study their impacts on the seepage rate and the cavern stability, including the in situ stress ratio, joint spacing, and joint dip angle. In addition, the two cases with static hydraulic pressure and without hydraulic pressure are also considered for the comparison. The numerical simulations demonstrate that the coupled approach can capture the cavern behavior better than the other two approaches without the coupling effects. 相似文献
13.
白鹤滩水电站层间错动带结构松散、水理性质不良、力学性质差且延展范围广,是地下空间围岩体中的弱结构面,控制围岩体的变形破坏。在大量地质勘探及室内试验研究资料基础上,将白鹤滩工程区的层间错动带划分为节理带、劈理带和泥化带,有利于其力学特性的研究;在分类的基础之上,研究了C2、C4层间错动带中不同带区的形成模式、宏微观结构特征、矿物成分、水理性质以及剪切力学特性等主要工程地质问题,认为白鹤滩层间错动带主要是构造成因,不同带区在黏土矿物含量、微观结构以及水理性质等方面差异明显,错动带的剪切位移曲线整体呈理想弹塑性特征;分析了施工期层间错动带的地质特性对工程岩体的影响,含层间错动带围岩体主要存在3种破坏形式：块体塌落、剪切滑移与渗透破坏。 相似文献
14.
针对大跨度地下工程结构受力复杂、安全风险高的工程特点,采用理论分析、经验评价、数值模拟的综合评价方法,对某地下实验大厅的支护结构稳定性进行综合评价。通过多种塑性力学计算方法,对比了卡柯（Caquot）公式、芬纳（Fenner）公式、修正的芬纳公式或卡斯特纳（Kastner）公式在具体工程中的应用,优化分析得出适合于硬岩条件下大跨度结构的理论分析方法。采用Q评价系统和工程类比方法,确定了大跨度地下工程锚杆、锚索和喷射混凝土的支护参数,通过相似工程的经验类比,认为锚索长度应不小于跨度的40%。采用三维离散元计算方法对支护结构的稳定性进行数值模拟,数值计算中的岩体采用基于HB强度准则的应变软化模型,结构面采用基于摩尔-库仑强度准则的理想弹塑性模型。通过数值分析,对边墙上部施加3排预应力锚索,边墙变形得到抑制,同时围岩潜在失稳块体数量和范围显著得到有效的控制。通过支护结构的应力分析得出60％的锚杆轴力在2.0～2.25 MN之间,表明地下工程具有良好的安全性。建立了塑性区理论分析、经验类比和数值模拟的综合评价方法,形成三位一体的评价体系,可有效地对大跨度支护结构的合理性进行评价。综合分析可知,支护方案设计合理时,能够有效应对围岩中的块体稳定风险和高应力破坏现象;在局部安全性较差的部位,锚索和锚杆应力水平相对较高,可以考虑对适当降低锚索预张拉力、增加随机锚杆数量。 相似文献
15.
Quasi-Stochastic Analysis of Uncertainty for Modelling Structurally Controlled Failures 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
In one approach to predicting the behaviour of rock masses, effort is being devoted to the use of probabilistic methods to model structures interior to a rock mass (sometimes referred to as ‘inferred’ or ‘stochastic’ structures). The physical properties of these structures (e.g. position, orientation, size) are modelled as random parameters, the statistical properties of which are derived from the measurements of a sample of the population (sometimes referred to as ‘deterministic’ structures). Relatively little attention has been devoted to the uncertainty associated with the deterministic structures. Typical geotechnical analyses rely on either an entirely stochastic analysis, or deterministic analyses representing the structures with a fixed shape (i.e. disc), position, size, and orientation. The simplifications assumed for this model introduce both epistemic and stochastic uncertainties. In this paper, it is shown that these uncertainties should be quantified and propagated to the predictions of behaviour derived from subsequent analyses. We demonstrate a methodology which we have termed quasi-stochastic analysis to perform this propagation. It is shown that relatively small levels of uncertainty can have large influence on the uncertainties associated with geotechnical analyses, such as predictions of block size and block stability, and therefore this methodology can provide the practitioner with a method for better interpretation of these results. 相似文献
16.
采用数值方法模拟硬岩的三轴压缩试验,应用4个本构模型,即Mohr-Coulomb模型、Drucker-Prager模型、应变软化模型及考虑变形模量劣化的应变软化模型,研究中主应力对均质及非均质硬岩破裂机制的影响。结果表明：不论是均质还是非均质岩体,中主应力对采用Drucker-Prager模型的岩体强度影响较大,而对采用其他本构模型的岩体强度影响不大;当非均质岩体采用Mohr-Coulomb模型或Drucker-Prager模型时,中主应力对岩体破坏过程影响不大,但对其破坏模式有较大影响;当非均质岩体采用应变软化模型时,中主应力对岩体破坏过程及其模式均有较大影响。针对工程算例,采用不同的本构模型获得的均质或非均质岩体强度相差很大,除Drucker-Prager模型外,同一本构模型的均质岩体强度远大于非均质岩体。实际工程岩体对中主应力的响应是不同的,故在地下结构设计过程中应根据岩体特性选择合理的本构模型以保证工程安全。 相似文献
17.
高地应力定义及其定性定量判据 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
地应力大小是地下工程设计的基本参数,直接影响工程岩体的力学行为。与高地应力相关的工程问题自20世纪80年代开始受到关注,但迄今未见高地应力的明确定义。国内曾先后提出多种地应力分级方案,但分级结果与工程岩体的实际行为存在一定差距,部分预测为高地应力的工程未出现高地应力现象（如官地地下厂房）,而预测为低地应力的工程（如二滩地下厂房）却出现严重的岩爆等高地应力现象。针对此问题,在国内常用地应力分级方案基础上,讨论了影响地应力分级的主要因素,将高地应力划分为初始高地应力与诱发高地应力两类。诱发高地应力是洞室群效应产生的高二次应力与爆破开挖动力扰动单独或联合作用的结果;给出了高地应力的明确定义,即量值足以导致结构体或岩块破坏的地应力,并在前人研究成果的基础上提出了定性判据;重新定义强度应力比为岩石干燥单轴抗压强度与实测最大主应力之比,建议了新的地应力分级方案（定量判据）。25个工程实例证明,建议方案的吻合率远高于国内常用地应力分级方案。建议方案的级差大致与CD Martin等1999年的建议方案相当。 相似文献
18.
岩爆由于其发生的突然性和猛烈性,常给地下工程建设带来灾害性破坏,因此,岩爆预测研究具有重大的工程意义.岩爆由于影响因素众多且关系复杂,采用传统的指标和评价办法很难系统地考虑诸多因素,而采用灰色关联分析方法可建立起各种影响因素的相关性.灰色关联系统通过分析洞室围岩应力、岩性条件和能量条件等影响岩爆的主要因素,选取岩石抗压... 相似文献
19.
以白云鄂博露天铁矿东矿岩质高边坡为工程背景,结合现场地质调查、室内岩石和节理力学试验等数据,采用等效岩体技术,构建能充分反映节理分布特征的实验室、现场原位试验和工程尺度等多尺度等效岩体模型。通过对各类等效岩体模型进行单轴压缩试验,研究岩体单轴抗压强度、弹性模量等力学特性的尺寸效应和各向异性。研究表明：节理的存在使岩体表现出尺寸效应和各向异性,且随着尺寸的增大,这种特性基本呈逐渐减弱的趋势;研究区域岩体的表征单元体积、单轴抗压强度和弹性模量分别为20 m×10 m×10 m、1.46 MPa和3.91 GPa;岩体单轴抗压强度、弹性模量与轴向尺寸的关系,近似符合渐进式指数函数关系,且该函数能直观地给出工程尺度岩体的力学特性。 相似文献
20.
研究表明,大多数工程岩体失稳以结构面的剪切破坏为主,因此结构面的抗剪强度就成为影响工程岩体稳定性的决定性因素。通常结构面抗剪强度参数的获取可通过直剪试验及经验估算获得,但在岩石工程稳定性的分析、计算中所用的结构面抗剪强度参数的获取基本上都通过直剪试验获得。经验估算方法同直剪试验相比,有费用低、考虑工程岩体的实际工程条件及尺寸效应等优点,用其估算结构面抗剪强度参数具有较大经济价值及工程意义。在野外结构面定向统计测量基础上,用结构面抗剪强度经验估算方法获得其抗剪强度参数,再利用详细的工程地质资料、赤平投影定性分析及确定工程岩体的破坏模式,选用与破坏模式相匹配的数学力学模型,定量计算分析工程岩体的稳定性。理论分析及工程实践表明,该边坡总体上是稳定的,但楔形体处容易失稳,须处理。 相似文献