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考虑各向异性、剪胀和渗流的柱孔扩张问题统一解 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
基于统一强度理论,考虑渗流、各向异性、剪胀特性以及中主应力等因素的综合影响,推导了柱孔扩张问题弹塑性解答。结果表明,富水条件下的扩孔问题中考虑渗流体积力的影响是非常有必要的,不考虑渗流影响的扩孔压力比实际工程偏小;渗流体积力越大,塑性区半径越小。另外,传统的扩孔解答假定土体为各向同性初始应力状态高估了极限扩孔压力,也低估了扩孔过程中圆孔周边的塑性区范围,造成工程安全等级偏低。该结果为海底圆形隧道以及渗流条件下地下水平构筑物施工弹塑性分析提供了理论依据,对工程设计具有一定参考价值。 相似文献
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当边界条件是如下一些特殊边界条件时即边界条件全为应力边界条件,或有位移边界条件但在塑性区边界上仅有零位移边界条件(对应力边界条件没限制),文[1]得出了弹塑性问题应力场的重要结论。通过引入一与所研究问题的塑性区几何形状相同,并且有相同边值条件形式的弹性体并利用弹性解的唯一性定理,从一新角度进一步论证了文[1]的结论。 相似文献
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高地应力等复杂环境下大跨度地下洞室群开挖容易诱发高边墙的脆性拉裂破坏,在Mohr-Coulomb准则基础之上,基于拉应变准则,提出大型地下厂房高边墙破坏的复合拉剪屈服准则。根据弹塑性理论,张拉和剪切屈服分别采用相关联和非相关联的塑性流动法则,详细推导了该准则在有限差分法中的计算格式,并对张拉和剪切屈服面的应力空间进行了分界。利用C语言程序编写的动态链接库文件,实现了该准则在通用软件的科学仿真计算。以高应力地区的拉西瓦水电站地下厂房为工程实例,与FLAC3D自带的拉剪屈服准则相比,基于拉应变准则的计算结果表明,大跨度高边墙拉破坏明显,塑性区以及应力松弛区的面积更小,能合理描述硬岩高边墙的脆性拉裂破坏特征。大型硬岩地下洞室群的计算分析验证了该准则的合理性和实用性 相似文献
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Yuzo Obara Tomoharu Nakayama Katsuhiko Sugawara Toshiro Aoki Hyun Kuk Jang 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1992,16(10):701-716
A two-dimensional hybrid method for solving elastoplastic problems in engineering is presented by coupling two existing methods, namely, the boundary element method and the characteristics method. The formulation of this method is presented, as well as an excellent procedure for the determination of the boundary between elastic and plastic regions. It is shown not only that this method is a powerful and accurate method for evaluating the shape and extent of the plastic region around rock caverns, which is of prime importance for the construction of rock caverns, but also applicable to a given range of the initial stress field ratio where only compressive failure occurs. Then, some typical examples are solved in order to check the accuracy of the solution by this method. Furthermore, its successful applications are presented and discussed to determine the shape and the extent of the plastic regions around parallel, circular and rectangular openings. 相似文献
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地下洞室埋深对围岩双重非线性影响的有限元分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
分别使用小变形和大变形弹塑性有限元方法,对位于不同埋深的地下洞室围岩动态进行了计算,分析了围岩中的塑性区、位移场和应力场。当洞室埋深较小时,岩体双重非线性表现不明显,小变形与大变形方法所得结果相当接近;当洞室埋深较大时,岩体的双重非线性明显呈现而使得两种方法的结果相差较大,此时宜选择用大变形理论。 相似文献
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软岩巷道弹塑性变形的理论分析 总被引：16，自引：0，他引：16
本文采用莫尔－库仑屈服准则和非关联塑性流动法则分析了轴对称软岩巷道的变形规律。从轴对称平面应变问题的基本方程出发，导出了软岩巷道弹塑性变形的位移理论解答，并给出了现有应力与位移理论解的适用条件。通过实例计算结果表明，本文得出的位移理论解与有限元数值解相当吻合。 相似文献
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采用原始Hoek-Brown非线性屈服准则,推导了渗透力作用下圆形洞室弹塑性解析表达式。根据解析公式,绘制了渗透力作用下基于原始Hoek-Brown屈服准则的围岩特性曲线、塑性区半径与洞壁支护力关系曲线、塑性区半径与围岩自重应力关系曲线,并与基于Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则以及不考虑渗透力的图形进行了对比研究,研究表明：应用原始Hoek-Brown屈服准则求出的洞室径向位移和塑性区半径都大于应用Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则求出的结果;在围岩情况较好的条件下基于原始Hoek-Brown屈服准则计算的塑性区半径远大于基于Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则算出的值;渗流效应对地下洞室的塑性区半径和洞壁径向位移的影响十分显著。 相似文献
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A general analysis using an incremental elastic, perfectly plastic constitutive stress–strain relationship for poroelastoplastic materials is presented to simulate an opening in a low-permeability friable porous medium under non-isothermal conditions. Analytical solutions are obtained for the stresses and strains around a 2-D plane strain circular borehole. An expansion potential is introduced by combining the strains induced by temperature and pore pressure changes. Steady-state pressures and temperatures are considered, and a non-associated plastic flow rule is applied to calculate plastic strains. Focusing on stress distribution near a circular opening, the classic solutions for those stresses under dry and isothermal conditions are used to compare with the newly derived solution. The general poroelastoplastic effect and the thermal effect on sand production and borehole stability are addressed. We suggest that the knowledge of stress history is critical to achieve adequate solutions for displacement and stress in friable media such as clays, shales and oil sands. 相似文献
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Numerical Method for Modeling the Constitutive Relationship of Sand under Different Stress Paths 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ren Qingyang Wang Jingtao 《中国地质大学学报(英文版)》2005,16(3):268-270
Overonehundredconstitutivemodelsforsand havebeenproposed,howeveronlyafewmodelsare widelyappliedinengineering.Therearetwochief reasonsforthis.(1)Sandiscomposedofgeological materialsandsituatedinaneutralenvironmentthat hassufferedvariousactions.Therefore,itisdifficult todescribethecomplexbehaviorofsoilsbyusinga simplemathematicalmodelwithonlyafewparame ters.(2)Therealsoexistsabasicparadoxintradi tionalmodelingmethods.Oneaspectofthemodelsis neededtodescribetheconstitutiverelationofsoilac curatel… 相似文献
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对于地下洞室围岩稳定而言,存在两种尺度效应：一是本构尺度效应,二是结构尺度效应。在地下洞室模型的有限元分析中考察了两种尺度效应的作用。拟定了两种工况：①围岩中任一点的力学性质是该点到洞室中心距离的负幂函数,洞室由小到大,即同时考虑本构尺度效应和结构尺度效应;②围岩的力学性质一定,洞室由小到大,即只考虑结构尺度效应。对两种工况进行了平面应变弹塑性计算,分析了围岩中的应力、位移、及塑性区。从研究结果可知：当考虑岩体力学性质的尺度效应时,洞室围岩中的位移及塑性区均较小;而应力值较高,而不考虑岩体力学性质的尺度效应时的情况与之相反。 相似文献
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M. Gurel Senyur 《国际地质力学数值与分析法杂志》1998,22(3):229-238
In this study, the vertical overburden pressure in the vicinity of an inclined circular underground opening is defined by relation to the geometry of the medium. The stresses around the opening consisting of six components are induced by geostatic field stress. In this regard, the inclined circular opening i.e. shaft changes the original stress condition and an interrupted region develops beneath it. Three zones are defined on a plane which is perpendicular to the axis of shaft. The mathematical expressions of vertical overburden stresses at these three zones are established, respectively. The example given in appendix demonstrates the variation of radial and tangential stresses around the inclined shaft. It is seen that the stress distributions in the third zone, which includes the interrupted region, beneith the shaft display different configurations than that of those obtained by undisturbed field stresses. In the interrupted region the stresses around the shaft linearly grow up due to increasing overburden pressure by radial distance from the periphery of the shaft. At the boundary of interrupted region stresses jump to the original values induced by field stresses. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Yan Xing P. H. S. W. Kulatilake L. A. Sandbak 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2017,35(1):45-67
Stability and deformation of rock masses around tunnels in underground mines play significant roles on the safety and efficient exploitation of the ore body. Therefore, understanding of geomechanical behavior around underground excavations is important and necessary. In this study, a three-dimensional numerical model was built and stress analyses were performed by using 3DEC software for an underground mine in USA using the available information on stratigraphy, geological structures and mechanical properties of rock masses and discontinuities. Investigations were conducted to study the effect of the lateral stress ratio (K0), material constitutive models, boundary conditions and rock support system on the stability of rock masses around the tunnels. Results of the stress, displacement, failure zone, accumulated plastic shear strain and post-failure cohesion distributions were obtained for these cases. Finally, comparisons of the deformation were made between the field deformation measurements and numerical simulations. 相似文献
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In this paper, a closed-form solution is presented for the stress and displacement distributions throughout a hollow cylinder subjected to uniform pressures acting on its internal and external boundary surfaces under plane strain conditions. The material is assumed to be elastoplastic, obeying a Mohr–Coulomb failure criterion, and exhibiting dilatant plastic deformation according to a non-associated flow rule. The newly developed analytical solution is verified through comparison with the solutions obtained from an infinite boundary problem (for which a closed-form solution exists), and numerical analyses using the program FLAC. The solution is also compared with the results of a borehole collapse test on a thick-walled hollow cylinder of synthetic shale. The analytical solution can be used to calculate the stress and displacement distributions around boreholes and other cylindrical cavities under both infinite and finite boundary conditions under both drained and undrained conditions. Copyright © 1999 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Circular opening is commonly encountered in wellbore drilling of petroleum engineering, boring for cast-in situ pile installation, and tunneling excavation. This paper presents a rigorous solution for the elastoplastic responses of the anisotropic soft soil mass around a circular opening excavated under undrained and drained conditions. Both the anisotropic elastoplastic behavior and the 3D strength of the soft clay are incorporated in the present solutions. The well-established anisotropic critical state elastoplastic model S-CLAY1, which can represent the initial fabric anisotropy and stress-induced anisotropy of soft soil, is further modified by the Spatially Mobilized Plane criterion to consider the 3D strength of geomaterials. Then, the investigated problems, excavation of a circular opening under both short-term (undrained) and long-term (drained) conditions, are formulated as a system of first-order differential equations and are solved as initial value problems. The distributions of stress components and anisotropy parameters around the opening, the stress trajectory of a soil particle at the opening wall, as well as the stress–displacement curve at the opening wall are presented to investigate the elastoplastic responses of the opening. Extensive parameters show that the overconsolidated ratio and coefficient of earth pressure at rest (K0) have remarkable effects on the elastoplastic responses around a circular opening.
相似文献17.
以河北省某露天铁矿边坡为工程背景,采用连续-离散耦合数值分析方法,对典型边坡断面进行分步开挖,结合强度折减法,计算分析坡体的变形规律和受力特征。连续、离散网格区域分别采用有限差分FLAC和颗粒离散元PFC进行建模,着重从连续-离散模型的数据一致性,剪应变增量的形成、发展与局部位移的关系,连续-离散介质受力与位移过程,离散体细观破裂与坡体塑性变形等方面,对边坡稳定性的耦合分析方法进行研究,从宏观和细观角度对边坡的失稳机制进行了较为全面的探索。结果表明：（1）计算过程中坡体应力和位移在连续域和离散域保持了较高的一致性,连续-离散耦合分析方法适用于边坡稳定性研究;（2）作为边坡失稳判据的剪应变增量变化过程主要受岩土体水平位移控制;（3）细观破裂机制可有效表征边坡的宏观塑性变形;（4）土体颗粒接触力链的方向改变是土体位移和变形的驱动因素。 相似文献
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关于强度折减有限元方法中边坡失稳判据的讨论 总被引：100，自引：18，他引：82
在边坡稳定性分析中采用强度折减弹塑性有限元方法时,所得到的总体安全系数在一定程度上依赖于所采用的失稳评判标准,通常以数值计算的收敛性作为边坡失稳判据。而有限元计算的数值收敛性受多种因素的影响,因而由此所得到的安全系数的合理性及其唯一性受到了质疑。为了考查目前各种失稳判据的合理性及其适用性,分别依据计算的收敛性、特征部位位移的突变性和塑性区的贯通性等3个失稳判据,针对某一典型边坡算例,采用强度折减弹塑性有限元方法进行稳定性分析,并与Spencer极限平衡法所得到的总体安全系数进行了对比。对比分析表明,以有限元数值计算的收敛性作为失稳判据在某些情况下所得到的安全系数可能误差较大,而采用特征部位位移的突变性或塑性区的贯通性作为失稳判据所得到的边坡安全系数与Spencer极限平衡法的计算结果比较接近,考虑到实用性与简便性,建议在边坡稳定性分析的强度折减有限元方法中联合采用特征部位位移的突变性和塑性区的贯通性作为边坡的失稳判据。 相似文献
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In this article, we investigate the main parameters that influence the propagation of a fluid‐driven fracture in a poroelastoplastic continuum. These parameters include the cohesive zone, the stress anisotropy, and the pore pressure field. The fracture is driven in a permeable porous domain that corresponds to weak formation by pumping of an incompressible viscous fluid at the fracture inlet under plane strain conditions. Rock deformation is modeled with the Mohr–Coulomb yield criterion with associative flow rule. Fluid flow in the fracture is modeled by the lubrication theory. The movement of the pore fluid in the surrounding medium is assumed to obey the Darcy law and is of the same nature as the fracturing fluid. The cohesive zone approach is used as the fracture propagation criterion. The problem is modeled numerically with the finite element method to obtain the solution for the fracture length, the fracture opening, and the propagation pressure as a function of the time and distance from the pumping inlet. It is demonstrated that the plastic yielding that is associated with the rock dilation in an elastoplastic saturated porous continuum is significantly affected by the cohesive zone characteristics, the stress anisotropy, and the pore pressure field. These influences result in larger fracture profiles and propagation pressures due to the larger plastic zones that are developing during the fracture propagation. Furthermore, it is also found that the diffusion process that is a major mechanism in hydraulic fracture operations influences further the obtained results on the fracture dimensions, plastic yielding, and fluid pressures. These findings may explain partially the discrepancies in net pressures between field measurements and conventional model predictions. Copyright © 2012 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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为解决坑道钻机质量大，在巷道中搬迁运输困难的问题，采用轻型结构设计与模块化组装思路，结合轻质材料应用，研制了由5052-H38态高强度铝合金作为主材的ZDY1200G型轻量化坑道钻机，钻机快速拆解后单部件最大质量292.5 kg。采用三维DIC散斑变系统对钻机铝合金给进机身在极限载荷下的应变与位移进行了测量分析，测得最大回转负载工况最大主应变为0.87%，最大起拔工况机身关键部位最大位移6.317 mm，未产生塑性变形，满足使用需求。钻机研制成功后在云南省沧源县某矿进行了现场工业性试验，完成了斜向下43°、深度512.68 m的取心钻孔。试验结果表明，采用铝合金的坑道钻机在强度、刚度、可靠性上与碳钢为主材的坑道钻机相当，并且具有搬迁运输方便的优点，能较好地应用于坑道钻探施工。 相似文献