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海岸带实时实地视频观测ARGUS技术 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
区别于传统的定时定点野外测量方法,近年来各种遥感监测技术被应用于海岸带的实地观测领域。其中基于岸线的近岸实时实地视频观测技术(ARGUS系统)可获取大范围、长时间内的海岸带动力环境要素实测资料(诸如波浪、水流、岸线、地貌特征等),在海岸工程研究领域被广泛应用。通过对ARGUS系统的回顾,叙述了该技术的发展概况、视频数据类型和特点、图像分析方法和实际应用举例,同时简介了我国第一套ARGUS系统的构建。此外,也简要介绍了X波段雷达影像系统和红外线摄像系统在海岸工程研究中的应用。期望进一步推动上述近岸视频观测技术在我国海岸工程研究中的应用,为海岸带的综合管理利用和合理开发规划提供相应的科学支撑,同时促进各相关学科间(如海岸工程、测绘、图像分析等)的交叉合作。 相似文献
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近海漂流轨迹观测系统,采用全球定位系统GPS进行漂流瓶体的定位,通过移动通讯网络GPRS进行瓶体与服务器之间的数据和指令传递,服务器上存储的瓶体运动轨迹即可用于近海环流研究。2011年9月14～18日期间在浙江象山港内段海区进行了近海GPS-GPRS漂流轨迹观测系统的现场应用。本文首先介绍了该观测系统的基本构造和工作原理,而后对首次现场布放试验过程进行说明,最后给出了轨迹追踪的现场观测结果。研究表明基于GPS-GPRS技术的漂流轨迹观测系统可辅助近海潮致余环流的研究工作,具有一定的科学应用前景。 相似文献
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台湾岛地处亚欧大陆和太平洋交界处,台风、东北季风等所引起的海洋灾害频繁,所以建立完备的海洋水文观测体系显得尤为重要。中国台湾自主建置完成的近海水文观测体系由资料浮标站、观测桩、潮位站、岸边气象站、雷达测波站等多种近海水文观测系统构建组成;同时,为确保观测体系的准确性和规范性,还建立了数据品质管理系统和标准化作业模式。在近海水文观测数据的分析方面,尝试应用新的数学分析方法,如通过EMD（empirical mode decomposition）方法探讨风暴潮水位变化,利用小波转换从雷达观测影像中分析近岸波浪信息,以及发展数据同化技术将观测数据应用于作业化波浪现报、预报模式。此外,近海水文观测体系在社会应用方面有着很大的发展潜质。 相似文献
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通过海洋中的各类海底缆线,可以搭建海洋观测系统,有效地开展长期海洋观测。虽然我国该类系统建设起步较晚,但是具有理论和硬件多方面的后发优势。只要海洋管理和科研部门注意沟通协作和前期筹划,可以保证我国此类系统建设的速度和质量。文章将从我国近海与海底缆线有关的海洋现状出发,分析建设基于海底缆线的海洋观测系统在我国近海的重要意义,梳理我国建设该系统所面临的机遇与挑战,展望该类系统在我国近海的应用前景,并考虑我国近海的实际情况,提出在青岛胶州湾湾口海区建立本系统示范应用的设计方案。 相似文献
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我国海岸带及近海卫星遥感应用信息系统构建和运行的基础研究 总被引：5，自引：8，他引：5
我国海岸带和近海的高度开发极大地促进了沿海经济的发展,也引发出一系列的资源和生态环境问题.研究和发展适用于我国海岸带及近海卫星遥感综合应用技术系统,旨在实现宏观、动态、同步监测区域资源开发和保护,以及为生态环境问题提供全新的技术支撑和协调解决整体技术方案,对此着重阐述了面向海岸带及近海卫星遥感应用技术系统的构建.本技术系统主要包括海岸带科学数据平台和信息提取模块、针对海洋过程的应用模块、我国海岸带及近海生态环境集成用户平台等,其目的是推进我国海洋遥感由研究阶段转向应用阶段,并为实现数字海洋提供技术基础. 相似文献
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台湾岛地处亚欧大陆和太平洋交界处,台风、东北季风等所引起的海洋灾害频繁,所以建立完备的海洋水文观测体系显得尤为重要.中国台湾自主建置完成的近海水文观测体系由资料浮标站、观测桩、潮位站、岸边气象站、雷达测波站等多种近海水文观测系统构建组成;同时,为确保观测体系的准确性和规范性,还建立了数据品质管理系统和标准化作业模式.在近海水文观测数据的分析方面,尝试应用新的数学分析方法,如通过EMD(empirical mode decomposition)方法探讨风暴潮水位变化,利用小波转换从雷达观测影像中分析近岸波浪信息,以及发展数据同化技术将观测数据应用于作业化波浪现报、预报模式.此外,近海水文观测体系在社会应用方面有着很大的发展潜质. 相似文献
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本文对国内潮汐测量技术的现状进行了简单介绍,并且对现有测量方法及其存在问题进行讨论。同时,介绍了美国下一代水位测量系统的发展情况及其应用,对国外潮汐水位测量技术的发展趋势进行了分析。最后,根据我国潮汐观测技术的现状,提出了发展我国潮汐观测技术的设想和建议。 相似文献
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由于近岸视频监测技术具有构建成本低、时空分辨率高的特点,近年来已成为海岸动态监测的互补手段。在近岸视频监测中,水边线可作为岸滩边缘位置变化的替代指标,受复杂海滩地形及不规则的波浪及潮汐变化影响,如何从视频图像中准确检测水边线是近岸视频监测所面临的挑战问题之一。本文针对传统图像处理方法在水边线提取中存在的效率不高和抗噪声能力差等问题,将CIELab颜色模型和蚁群优化算法相结合,对台风风暴潮期间石老人海滩的水边线进行提取和定量分析,并与传统算法进行对比。对青岛石老人海滩2011年台风期间的实时影像资料分析结果表明,与传统的提取算法相比,本文提出的方法在数字视频影像的水边线监测应用中可靠性高,并具有良好的细节呈现能力和抗边缘噪声能力,适用于弱边缘水边线的提取。分析结果验证了本方法在极端天气条件下对视频影像中水边线动态变化的自动提取可行性,对构建长时序海滩岸线动态变化影像自动分析系统具有较好的应用价值。 相似文献
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In the present study,a generalized active contour model of gradient vector flow is combined with the video techniques of Argus system to delineate and track sequential nearshore wave crest profdes in the shoaling process,up to their breaking on the shorehne.Previous applications of active contour models to water wave problems are limited to controllable wave tank experiments.By contrast,our application in this study is in a nearshore field environment where oblique images obtained under natural and varying condition of ambient light are employed.Existing Argus techniques produce plane image data or time series data from a selected small subset of discrete pixels.By contrast,the active contour model produces line image data along continuous visible curves such as wave crest profdes.The combination of these two existing techniques,the active contour model and Argus methodologies,facilitates the estimates of the direction wave field and phase speeds within the whole area covered by camera.These estimates are useful for the purpose of inverse calculation of the water depth.Applications of the present techniques to Hsi-tzu bay where a beach restoration program is currently undertaken are illustrated.This extension of Argus video techniques provides new application of optical remote sensing to study the hydrodynamics and morphology of a nearshore environment. 相似文献
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Holland K.T. Holman R.A. Lippmann T.C. Stanley J. Plant N. 《Oceanic Engineering, IEEE Journal of》1997,22(1):81-92
An approach was developed for using video imagery to quantify, in terms of both spatial and temporal dimensions, a number of naturally occurring (nearshore) physical processes. The complete method is presented, including the derivation of the geometrical relationships relating image and ground coordinates, principles to be considered when working with video imagery and the two-step strategy for calibration of the camera model. The techniques are founded on the principles of photogrammetry, account for difficulties inherent in the use of video signals, and have been adapted to allow for flexibility of use in field studies. Examples from field experiments indicate that this approach is both accurate and applicable under the conditions typically experienced when sampling in coastal regions. Several applications of the camera model are discussed, including the measurement of nearshore fluid processes, sand bar length scales, foreshore topography, and drifter motions. Although we have applied this method to the measurement of nearshore processes and morphologic features, these same techniques are transferable to studies in other geophysical settings 相似文献
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A.F. Velegrakis M.I. VousdoukasA.M. Vagenas Th. KarambasK. Dimou Th. Zarkadas 《Coastal Engineering》2007
This short contribution reports the results of a field study on the nearshore characteristics of waves generated by both conventional and high speed passenger ferries. The field observations took place in the late summer of 2005, at a beach close to the port of Mytilene (Island of Lesbos, Greece), and involved the visual observation of ship waves, using digital video recordings and image processing techniques. The results showed that passage of the fast ferry was associated with a longer, more complex and energetic nearshore event; this event not only did include higher nearshore waves (up to 0.74 m) and was organised in different wave packets, but it was also an order of magnitude longer (∼ 680 s) than the conventional ferry event. Regarding the effects on beach sediment dynamics, the fast ferry waves were estimated to be very efficient in mobilising the nearshore sediments in contrast to those of the conventional ferry. The fast ferry service appears to generate daily prolonged nearshore events, which contain waves with higher energy than those expected from the normal summer wind wave regime of the area; these events also include some high and very steep waves, which can be particularly erosive. Therefore, fast ferry wakes may have considerable impacts on the seasonal beach sediment dynamics/morphodynamics and the nearshore benthic ecology, as well as they may pose significant risks to bathers, affecting the recreational use of the beaches exposed to fast ferry traffic. Finally, the study has shown that satisfactory field observations of the nearshore characteristics of ship-generated (and wind) waves can be obtained using inshore deployments of calibrated poles, digital video cameras and appropriate image processing algorithms. 相似文献
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An optical imaging system (BubbleCam) has been tested for the quantification of bubble distributions at high void fractions formed beneath breaking waves. The instrument consists of a CCD video camera, stroboscopic light source, and optics allowing adjustable magnification, a fixed imaging volume, and the resolution of bubbles 3 pixels in radius and larger (equivalent to a minimum bubble radius of about 200 μm in the test configuration). BubbleCam has been deployed in a shore-based configuration (data and power supplied via shore-connected cables) as well as an autonomous device in the open sea with its own power supply and data storage. The resulting images are processed using a variant of the Hough transform which allows computer-automated counting and measurement of the bubbles within the video frames. In addition, images can be qualitatively examined to provide insights into bubble plume evolution and creation mechanisms 相似文献
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基于HJ卫星的近岸Ⅱ类水体叶绿素a浓度定量遥感反演研究——以滦河口北部海域为例 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为验证环境卫星影像在近岸Ⅱ类水体中叶绿素a浓度反演的适宜性,获得适合滦河口北部近岸海域的叶绿素a浓度的高精度反演算法,基于HJ-1A CCD2影像数据和现场同步实测数据,构建、验证并确立适合研究区叶绿素a浓度反演模型。结果表明:HJ-1A CCD2卫星可用于水文情况较复杂的近岸Ⅱ类水体叶绿素a浓度的反演研究;最佳波段组合（B3/B1）构建的倒数模型,可反演叶绿素a浓度。结果显示叶绿素a浓度整体由近岸向内海方向逐渐减小,自北向南逐渐降低,并在河口处形成向外海突出的高值区;叶绿素a浓度最大值出现在金山嘴南侧,为25.0 μg/L。离岸叶绿素a浓度最小值出现在滦河口以东约13.2 km处,仅4.6 μg/L;近岸叶绿素a浓度最小值出现在滦河口附近,约为11.0 μg/L。该研究可为相关研究提供技术参考,研究成果可为当地政府科学管理海洋环境、制定海洋政策提供决策依据,为该海域可持续发展提供数据支持。 相似文献
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《Coastal Engineering》2002,45(1):19-32
The remote sensing of the sea surface is commonly regarded as a logistically simple and cost-effective way of obtaining long-term (>years) time series of nearshore sandbar location. In this paper, we demonstrate that, similar to video imagery, time-exposure X-band (∼3 cm wave length) radar images contain alongshore, breaking-related high-intensity bands that can be used to compute the location of the underlying sandbar crests. Analysis of time-exposure X-band images and bathymetric surveys collected at Egmond aan Zee, Netherlands shows that the radar-based bar crest location, defined as the cross-shore location of maximum radar intensity, differs from the in situ surveyed crest location by a distance of O(10 m). This difference, Δx̄radar, depends linearly on the offshore water level, consistent with model predictions in which the radar intensity is assumed to behave as the energy of the surface roller. The model additionally suggests a dependence of Δx̄radar on the offshore wave height when the wave field across the bar is non-saturated. In general, such wave conditions did not result in radar images with sufficient contrast to determine the bar crest location and, accordingly, the wave-height dependence was not observed clearly in the field. Because of the dependence of Δx̄radar on the offshore water level, time series of radar-based bar crest location show artificial variability when the images are collected at different water levels. Various techniques for correcting this variability are discussed. 相似文献
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《海洋技术学报》2023,(2)
基于遥感影像的测深技术具有易获取、成本低和覆盖率大等优势,是目前的研究热点问题之一。为在波浪折射的基础上,进一步综合考虑绕射及非线性的影响,本文提出了一种基于海浪波数和波高信息的近岸水深反演模型。将模型与Berkhoff 椭圆形浅滩理想试验对比,平均误差为0.13%,显著小于现有基于频散关系反演水深的方法。进一步应用模型反演三亚湾近岸地形,通过与海图对比,平均误差为11.58%,且大部分区域的误差小于10%。部分区域误差较大,主要是由于遥感影像获取的波数空间分辨率和精度较低。以上结果表明该模型可以利用遥感海浪信息较准确推算近岸水深。本文对于近岸浅海区的水深反演工作具有一定的参考价值。 相似文献
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P.S. Pereira L.J. Calliari R. Holman K.T. Holland R.M.C. Guedes C.K. Amorin P.G. Cavalcanti 《Marine Geology》2011,279(1-4):210-221
Besides the different scales within which coastal processes manifest their energy, the majority of the world's coastal regions exhibit forms of sediment heterogeneity that are physically significant. One example of a heterogeneous environment is Cassino beach, located at the southernmost part of Brazil, a fine-grain-sized sandy beach where fluid mud sporadically is transported to the nearshore and eventually onto the beach. At this site in 2005, as part of a field experiment, a video system was installed. Three years after the installation, a large mud transgression event took place in February 2008 and had 5 km of extension. In this context, the goal of the present work is to characterize the mud deposition pattern across the surf zone, describing the consequences of mud on nearshore dynamics using remote sensing techniques, beach profiles and suspended matter concentration. The surveyed beach profiles registered the deposition of fluid mud at the inner surf zone with concentrations up to 12 mg/l. The material was deposited close to the shoreline and had a cross-shore width of 100 m during the first deposition day occupying the entire water column. From surf zone time series of pixel intensity, it was possible to detect the attenuation of the surface wave spectra due to the presence of fluid mud. The combination of video techniques and field data allowed one to follow the formation of a double-layer system, where fluid mud overlays the sandy bottom. The video-based system at Cassino demonstrated that remote detection of fluid mud and quantification of its effect on the nearshore dynamics is feasible. The combination of beach profiles, measurements of suspended matter concentration and intensity timestacks allowed the analysis of the short-term evolution of the mud depositional processes. 相似文献