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1.
广西红粘土击实样强度特性与胀缩性能 总被引：15，自引：0，他引：15
通过对广西贵港红粘土重型击实样的室内试验研究,探讨了其力学特性、胀缩性能、孔径分布特征与含水量之间的关系。结果表明：干密度指标总体上能反映红粘土击实样的强度规律,但非饱和击实样强度峰值对应的含水量因基质吸力作用而偏小,饱和后土体由于吸水膨胀与基质吸力的消失,使得强度峰值对应含水量较饱和前明显增大,红粘土在最优含水量下压实,虽可获得很高的压实度,但饱和后的强度并非最大;红粘土击实样的胀缩性能主要由含水量决定,同时,受到干密度的影响;孔隙主要以孔径在0.01～0.05μm范围内的小孔隙为主,为进一步掌握红粘土的工程力学特性提供了帮助。 相似文献
2.
掺石灰黏土电阻率试验研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
利用4电极电阻率测量装置,在室内对各种灰土样的电阻率进行测试对比研究,揭示了不同因素如灰土比、含水率、饱和度、土的结构和土粒粒径等对灰土样电阻率的影响。在不同含水率（15 %、20 %、25 %和30 %）条件下,素土及其与不同石灰掺量（1:10、1:15和1:30）的混合,通过轻型击实试验后,测量其横向及竖向断面上的电阻率,研究电阻率与不同石灰配比击实土样的物理力学性质之间的关系。实验结果表明,当含水率在15 %~20 %之间时,较小的含水率增量引起混合土样电阻率的大幅度下降;当含水率约达到20 %后,其电阻率随含水率的继续增加而减小的幅度很小;在15 %含水率时,掺灰土电阻率比素土样高;在30 %含水率时,其电阻率低于素土样,而且掺量越大,电阻率越低;由于击实导致土体颗粒的结构重新排列,电阻率在横向上大于竖向;电阻率随着无侧限抗压强度的增加而增加,在电阻率大于50 ?•m时,电阻率随无侧限抗压强度的增加而减小;饱和度、干密度与电阻率呈负指数变化规律,孔隙率、孔隙比与电阻率呈指数变化规律;含水率对于电阻率的影响较为敏感。 相似文献
3.
Delineation of compaction criteria for acceptable hydraulic conductivity of lateritic soil-bentonite mixtures designed as landfill liners 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
In current geoenvironmental practice, design engineers usually require that soil liners in waste landfills be compacted within a specified range of water content and dry unit weight. This specification is based primarily on the need to achieve a minimum dry unit weight for factors controlling the performance of compacted soil liners most especially the hydraulic conductivity, k. In this study, lateritic soil treated with up to 10% bentonite, prepared at various compaction states (dry of optimum, optimum and wet of optimum moisture content) was compacted with four compactive efforts (i.e., the reduced British Standard Light, British Standard Light, West African Standard, and British Standard Heavy) to simulate the range of compaction energies expected in the field. Prepared soil mixtures were permeated with water and specimens that yielded the permissible limit of k????1?×?10?9?m/s were enclosed in an envelope (known as the acceptable zone) on the water content?Cdry unit weight curve. It was observed that compaction conditions resulting in moisture content slightly wet of optimum led to the lowest values of k and that the shapes and boundaries of the acceptable zones gradually increased in extent, shifting to wet side of optimum moisture content as the bentonite content increased to 10%. This approach provides good control over the quality of compacted soils and has great potential for field application. 相似文献
4.
通过对具有不同初始含水率和干密度的两种压实黏质砂土的脱湿曲线进行测试、分析和对比,并结合核磁共振技术,探讨了干密度、初始含水率和土样组分对压实黏质砂土脱湿过程的影响规律。利用核磁共振测得了试样在各级吸力下的T2时间（横向弛豫时间）分布曲线,定性地探讨了不同吸力下试样中的水分分布特征,揭示了干密度、初始含水率和土样组分对试样脱湿过程的微观机制影响。试验结果表明：干密度仅在低基质吸力条件下对试样脱湿过程产生重要影响,而在高吸力条件下初始含水率和试样组分起主导作用;核磁共振结果证实在压实黏质砂土中,小孔隙结构主要由初始含水率和试样组分控制,而大孔隙的结构主要取决于干密度;试样组分对压实土的内部结构和孔隙大小分布的影响比初始含水率大。 相似文献
5.
This paper deals with the results of an experimental study carried out on compacted clay (PL=23%) to investigate the influence
of compaction water content on the shear strength of the clay. For the measurement of shear strength parameters, direct shear
tests were done on samples compacted at optimum moisture content (i.e. w=24%), at the dry side of optimum (i.e. w=18%, 20% and 22%) and at the wet side of optimum (i.e. w=26% and 28%). Thermocouple psychrometers were used for suction measurements and the suction-moisture content relationship
of the soil sample was obtained. The trends for suction, angle of friction and cohesion, which change below and above optimum
moisture content, were analyzed. The compacted clay behaves like a granular soil on the dry side of optimum water content;
and a reduction in angle of friction and an increase in cohesion are observed as the compaction water contents approach the
optimum value. The angle of friction is not affected by soaking, but after soaking cohesion of the sample reduces.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
6.
The paper presents the results of an experimental study on the effects of the initial water content and dry density on the
soil–water retention curve and the shrinkage behavior of a compacted Lias-clay. The initial conditions after compaction (initial
water content and initial dry density) have been chosen on the basis of three Proctor tests of different compaction efforts.
According to the eight chosen initial conditions clay samples have been compacted statically. The relation between total suction
and water content was determined for the drying path starting from the initial conditions without previous saturation of the
specimens. A chilled-mirror dew-point hygrometer was used for the suction measurements. For the investigation of the shrinkage
behavior cylindrical specimens were dried to desired water contents step-by-step without previous saturation. The volume of
the specimens was measured by means of a caliper. Based on the test results the influence of different initial conditions
on the soil suction and the shrinkage behavior is analyzed. The soil–water retention curves obtained in terms of the gravimetric
water content are independent of the initial dry density. At water contents above approximately 11–12.5% a strong influence
of the compaction water content is observed. At smaller water contents, the soil–water retention curve is independent of the
compaction water content. The results of the shrinkage tests show that the influence of the compaction dry density on the
shrinkage behavior is negligible. Similar to the drying behavior of saturated samples a primary and a residual drying process
could be distinguished. The primary drying process is strongly influenced by the initial water content. In contrast, the rate
of the volume change of the residual drying process is unaffected by the initial water content. 相似文献
7.
弱膨胀土工程特性及其路基处治对策 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
针对湖北襄-荆高速公路膨胀土,在室内开展了弱膨胀土的压实特性、胀缩性状、力学特性试验研究,发现压实膨胀土的工程性状受含水率与压实度的影响,胀缩特性是膨胀土的固有特性,其大小取决于起始湿度和密度;击实膨胀土的最佳含水量和最大干密度随击实功变化而变化,压实功愈大,土的最大干密度也愈大,而对应的最佳含水量愈小;膨胀土的CBR值随其含水率的变化规律类似于击实曲线,但CBR峰值含水率大于最佳含水率,为深入认识膨胀土的工程特性提供了帮助。因此,利用弱膨胀土填筑路堤时,不仅要考虑经过击实后的土的性质,而且还要考虑在填方建成、条件改变后土的性能;膨胀土路堤填筑除考虑压实度与CBR值要求外,尚需考虑胀缩总率的影响。最后,推荐了弱膨胀土路堤结构型式,并提出了弱膨胀土用于路堤填筑的控制标准。 相似文献
8.
选取广西容县花岗岩残积土为研究对象,取击实曲线上3个不同含水率对应的压实样（最佳含水率及干侧、湿侧,后两者对应的干密度相同）分别进行了直剪试验、扫描电镜观测（SEM）和压汞试验（MIP）,并从微观特征解释其力学性能的差异。结果表明:（1）花岗岩残积土在3种压实状态下具有相同应力-应变曲线形状,无明显峰值,抗剪强度在最佳状态时的最高,湿侧状态抗剪强度与干侧状态相近,3种状态下内摩擦角值差别较小,但黏聚力在最佳状态时最大,干侧和湿侧状态较最佳状态分别下降66.4%和43.1%;（2）花岗岩残积土在湿侧状态下普遍形成团聚体,团聚体之间呈架空结构,累积孔隙体积最大,为明显的双峰分布孔隙特征;在最佳状态下组构最密,高岭石片定向性排列;在干侧状态下高岭石片呈片架结构,累积孔隙体积最小;随着含水率的降低,土样双峰孔隙特征逐渐变得不明显;（3）花岗岩残积土在不同状态时的微观特性较好地解释其力学性质的差异。 相似文献
9.
Olivier Cuisinier Jean-Claude Auriol Tangi Le Borgne Dimitri Deneele 《Engineering Geology》2011,(3):187
Under a given compaction energy and procedure, it is known that maximum dry density of a soil is lowered due to lime addition. This modification of maximum dry density could alter the hydraulic conductivity of the soil. The main object of this study was to assess the impact of lime-stabilization on a silt soil microstructure and then on saturated hydraulic conductivity. An investigation at the microscopic level with mercury intrusion porosimetry showed that lime treatment induced the formation of a new small class, with a diameter lower than 3 × 103 Å in the compacted soil. This class is responsible for the difference in dry density between the treated and the untreated sample after compaction. It is shown that this small pores class was not altered by the compaction water content, the compaction procedure or the dry density. As in untreated soils, only the larger pores were modified by the compaction water content and the compaction procedure in the lime treated samples. The hydraulic conductivity appeared to be only related to the largest pores volume of the tested silt, regardless of lime treatment. Therefore, this study demonstrated that even if addition of lime resulted in a dramatic change of the maximum dry density of the tested silty soil, its effect on hydraulic conductivity is limited. 相似文献
10.
为研究压实作用对红黏土孔隙分布的影响,采用液氮冻干法对经过压力板仪脱至残余含水率后的压实试样进行干燥,继而利用孔隙仪测试其孔隙分布特征。结果表明,不同干密度试样的孔隙分布特征在孔径d >10 μm范围内差异性比较明显,干密度越大分布在该范围内的孔隙越少,但所有试样的大部分孔隙主要分布在孔径d <0.1 μm的范围内,并且分布密度十分相似。换言之,常规压实作用只能改变土体某一较大孔径范围内的孔隙,而对小孔径的孔隙改变不大,这也对于说明红黏土路基填料的压实,常规的压实作用对提高土体的压实度幅度有一定范围。 相似文献
11.
路基土在长期服役过程中性能会发生衰变,其中含水率及压实度是路基施工时的重要控制指标,因此,土体的含水率控制及压实质量是关系路基性能评价的关键因素。为了弥补现有检测方法的不足,基于四极电测量法研发了一种土体物理参数室内快速测试装置,通过改变含水率对不同压实度土样的电阻率、极化率变化进行了一系列室内试验,得到了其相关关系及变化趋势,分析了含水率、压实度对电参数的影响,提出了依据土含水率、压实度计算电阻率、极化率的计算公式,探讨了测试方法的可行性。结果表明:不同地区土的电阻率均随含水率、压实度增加而减小,极化率随含水率、压实度的增加而增大,不同压实度下,土的电阻率、极化率随含水率变化分别呈现相似指数、对数特征;对于天津王庆坨地区壤土,压实度在84. 47%~94. 41%范围内,含水率从15%变化至20%时,电阻率下降为原来的1/3~1/2倍,极化率增大为原来的1. 4~2. 3倍,得到了室内拟合公式;实际工程中,电阻率法更适用于土体含水率检测,极化率法更适用于土体压实度检测;综合应用电阻率、极化率指标对于路基工程具有较好的勘探前景。研究成果将为路基土的工程性质检测及评价提供理论基础。 相似文献
12.
Maher Omar Abdallah Shanableh Adnan Basma Samer Barakat 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2003,21(3):283-295
Most of the topsoils encountered in United Arab Emirates and in the Arabian Peninsula are granular soils with small percentages
of silt and clay. Determination of the compaction characteristics of such soils is an essential task in preparing for construction
work. The accumulating experience over many years of soil testing in our laboratories suggested that there exists an underlying
trend that governs the compaction characteristics of such soils. As such, a study was undertaken to assess the compaction
characteristics of such soils and to develop the governing predictive equations. For the purposes of this study, 311 soil
samples were collected from various locations in the United Arab Emirates, and tested for various including grain-size distribution,
liquid limit, plasticity index, specific gravity of soil solids, maximum dry density of compaction, and optimum moisture content
following ASTM D 1557-91 standard procedure C. Following the development of the predictive equations, a new set of 43 soil
samples were collected and their compaction results were used to test the validity of predictive model. The range of variables
for these soils were as follows: percent retained on US sieve #4 (R#4): 0–68; Percent passing US sieve #200 (P#200): 1–26;
Liquid limit: 0–56; Plasticity index: 0–28; Specific gravity of soil solids: 2.55–2.8.
Based on the compaction tests results, multiple regression analyses were conducted to develop mathematical models and nomographic
solutions to predict the compaction properties of soils. The results indicated that the nomographs could predict well the
maximum dry density within ±5% confidence interval and the optimum moisture content within ±3%.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
13.
击实黏土单轴拉伸特性试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为研究土的拉伸特性,对击实黏土进行直接拉伸试验。试验表明,不同抗拉强度的击实黏土具有不同的拉伸应力-应变曲线型式,即应变软化型、应变硬化型和应变强化型;在试验涉及的干密度和含水率范围内,击实黏土的抗拉强度随干密度的增加而增加,随含水率的增加而减小,且具有较好的线性关系;拉伸速率对击实黏土的抗拉强度和应力-应变曲线的型式也有明显影响,对同一干密度和含水率的土样,低拉伸速率测得的抗拉强度往往较小,且应力-应变曲线为软化型,而较高的拉伸速率测得的抗拉强度较大,且应力-应变曲线为强化型。 相似文献
14.
采用压力板仪详细研究了不同击实条件对非饱和重塑粉土土水特征曲线的影响,并采用van Genuchten模型对实测试样的土水特征曲线进行了拟合。分别取在初始击实含水率相同的条件下,击实干密度不同的试样以及在击实曲线上同一干密度处对应的不同初始击实含水率的试样,对其进行土水特征曲线测试。结果表明:击实干密度越大,空气进气值越高。击实含水率越大,试样可塑性越好,其空气进气值越大。 相似文献
15.
掺绿砂改良膨胀土室内试验研究 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0
绿砂高额的处理费用与其具有的再利用潜力相比,使绿砂再利用的研究得到重视,尤其对公路路基改良具有很大的利用潜力。针对膨胀土路基的胀缩问题,围绕绿砂及膨胀土-绿砂混合物进行一系列室内土工试验,探讨绿砂作为公路膨胀土路基改良剂的可行性。在不同含水率及不同配比条件下,对绿砂以及绿砂改良后膨胀土的基本物理性质、击实特性、力学特性等进行室内对比试验分析。分析结果表明,绿砂改良膨胀土试样的强度主要取决于试样的含水率、掺砂率;随着掺砂率的增加,塑性指数逐渐降低,最佳含水率也随之减小,最大干密度增大的幅度变化很小,无侧限抗压强度先降低而后提高,其后又降低。 相似文献
16.
麦秸秆加筋盐渍土重型击实效果的影响因素分析 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
为解决因滨海盐渍土的盐胀和溶陷而引起土的强度降低问题,可采用麦秸秆加筋的方法处理盐渍土,以提高土的强度和抗变形能力。将盐渍土与一定长度和数量的防腐麦秸秆均匀拌和在一起,按照一定的碾压功将其碾压密实,此时土的含水率、麦秸秆的质量加筋率和加筋长度是影响加筋土重型击实效果的3个因素。试验结果揭示,（1）加筋土的最大干密度均小于盐渍土的,最优含水率变化不大。（2）与盐渍土一样,随着含水率的增加,加筋土的干密度先升后降。（3）随质量加筋率和加筋长度的增加,加筋土的最优含水率变化不明显,最大干密度持续下降,但降幅较小。（4）0.2%质量加筋率加筋土的干密度最大,0.3%质量加筋率的最小。（5）30 mm加筋长度加筋土的干密度最大,70 mm加筋长度的最小。建议按0.2%质量加筋率和30 mm加筋长度的防腐麦秸秆制备三轴压缩试样,以研究麦秸秆加筋滨海盐渍土的抗剪强度和应力-应变特性。 相似文献
17.
击实黄土孔隙结构对土水特征的影响分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
土水特征曲线是非饱和土的基本土物理-力学关系,即将含水率这一物理参数转化为土粒间力的作用,土水特征曲线受土的结构控制。为了探讨击实黄土孔隙结构对土水特征曲线的影响,本文在3种不同的初始含水率（小于最优含水率8%、最优含水率17%和大于最优含水率19%）下制备不同结构的击实黄土试样,分别用压汞试验测其孔隙分布曲线,用滤纸法测其土水特征曲线,并用扫面电镜获得其微观结构图像。对以上测试结果的分析表明,3种击实土样的孔隙分布曲线在相应的大孔径范围内相差较大,在小孔径范围内趋于一致;土水特征曲线在低吸力区差异较大,小于最优含水率的击实黄土土水特征曲线最陡;在高吸力区,3种击实土样的土水特征曲线趋于一致,这与孔隙分布特征一致。对比孔隙密度分布曲线与土水特征区曲线发现,土的土水特征受孔隙分布的控制,孔隙密度越大,土水特征曲线的斜率越陡。SEM图像也显示出3种击实土样的结构特点,小于最优含水率的土样有较多架空孔隙,优势孔径最大;高于最优含水率的土样,大孔隙减少,小孔隙增多,优势孔径最小。而最优含水率的击实黄土的孔隙分布较均匀,优势孔径覆盖范围大。 相似文献
18.
M. Mirzababaei M. Miraftab M. Mohamed P. McMahon 《Geotechnical and Geological Engineering》2013,31(1):173-182
Municipalities and recycling and environmental authorities are concerned about the growing amount of carpet waste produced by household, commercial and industrial sectors. It is reported that 500,000 tonnes of carpet waste fibre are plunged into landfills annually in the UK. In the United States of America, around 10 million tonnes of textile waste was generated in 2003. In geotechnical engineering, expansive clay soils are categorised as problematic soils due to their swelling behaviour upon increase in the moisture content. The problematic nature of such soils is intensified with the increase in the plasticity index. This paper presents results of a comprehensive investigation into utilisation of carpet waste fibres in order to improve the swelling characteristics of compacted cohesive soils. Therefore, two different clay soils with markedly different plasticity indices (i.e. 17.0 and 31.5 %) were treated with two different types of carpet waste fibre. Waste fibres were added to prepare specimens with fibre content of 1, 3 and 5 % by dry weight of soil. Soil specimens with different dry unit weights and moisture contents were prepared so as to the swelling behaviour of fibre reinforced compacted clays is completely attained under various scenarios. The results indicated that the behaviour of the fibre reinforced soils seems highly dependent on the initial compaction state and secondary on the moisture content. It was found that the swelling pressure drops rapidly as the percentage of fibre increases in samples prepared at the maximum dry unit weight and optimum moisture content. Reducing the dry unit weight, while maintaining constant moisture content or increasing the moisture content at constant dry unit weight was found to reduce the swelling pressure. 相似文献
19.
非饱和压实黄土结构特性试验研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对增（减）湿到相同含水率及相同干密度的不同结构性非饱和压实黄土进行土-水特征曲线试验和三轴剪切试验,研究制样含水率引起的结构变化对非饱和压实黄土基质吸力、应力-应变特征及结构性参数的影响。研究结果表明：制样含水率引起的结构性对非饱和压实黄土的土-水特征曲线有明显的影响,小于塑限时基质吸力随制样含水率的增大而增大,最优制样含水率时非饱和压实黄土具有均匀小孔隙的团粒凝聚结构使其吸力相对最大;应力-应变曲线在最优结构状态时位于坐标最上端,小于最优制样含水率时的结构弱化程度相对较低,其应力-应变曲线逐渐下移,大于最优制样含水率时土样的结构弱化程度较高,其应力-应变曲线位于最下端;定义的结构性参数m?r能够合理反映压实黄土的结构性,弥补了压实土工程中用最优含水率和最大干密度指标无法反映土结构性影响的不足;屈服结构性参数m?r0能够合理反映出不同制样含水率压实黄土的结构弱化程度,结构弱化程度还反映在三轴剪切破坏强度上。 相似文献
20.
Strength properties of compacted ash layers depend to a great extent on the moulding conditions. This paper focuses on the effects of compaction energy and degree of saturation on strength characteristics of compacted pond ash. The pond ash sample, collected from the ash pond of Rourkela Steel Plant (RSP), was subjected to compactive energies varying from 357 kJ/m3 to 3488 kJ/m3. The optimum moisture content and maximum dry densities corresponding to different compactive energies were determined by conventional compaction tests. The shear strength parameters, unconfined compressive strengths (UCS) and California bearing ratio (CBR) values of specimens compacted to different dry densities and moisture content were assessed and reported. The effects of compaction energy and degree of saturation on shear strength parameters i.e. unit cohesion (cu) and angle of internal friction (Ф) values and also the UCS values are evaluated and presented herein. The results indicate that the dry density and strength of the compacted pond ash can be suitably modified by controlling the compactive energy and moulding moisture content. The strength achieved in the present study is comparable to the good quality, similar graded conventional earth materials. Hence, it may be safely concluded that pond ash can replace the natural earth materials in geotechnical constructions. 相似文献