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1.
影像目视判读常会遇到山脊与沟谷的凹凸感与现实相反的反立体现象。消除反立体现象,能有效提高非专业人员对遥感影像的正确使用。立足于反立体现象的成因,本文采用地形正规化模型来校正影像的反立体现象,推导出Lambertian、Cosine-Civco、c校正、b校正这4种地形正规化模型的反立体校正式;对这4种地形正规化模型的反立体校正效果进行了对比,并且与其他5种校正法也进行了对比。通过3个实验区的校正发现,这4种地形正规化模型均能校正反立体现象,但校正影像存在色调偏差;Lambertian、Cosine-Civco的反立体校正影像立体感较强,但影像色调改变较大,视觉效果偏差;c校正、b校正的校正影像在视觉效果和定量指标上都比较接近,基本保持地物光谱信息,校正效果相对较好。从定量指标来看,b校正的反立体校正影像的各指标值整体最小,一定程度代表b校正能取得相对较好的反立体校正效果。与其他方法的对比表明,c校正和b校正的反立体校正不局限于波段个数,在有效消除反立体现象的同时,能相对较好的保留地物光谱信息,有利于影像的定量应用。 相似文献
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Void filling and anomaly replacement in conjunction with auxiliary sources of data have been widely used to improve the quality of existing problematic high-resolution digital elevation models. However, the traditional interpolation methods used for this purpose have always failed to eliminate the discrepancies between different data-sets. In this paper, an improved ANUDEM method is presented for DEM interpolation, which incorporates the idea of topographic correction using high correlation of topological structure between contour lines (CLs) from multi-scale digital elevation models (DEM). Firstly, the terrain topological structure is extracted from the CLs of a low-resolution DEM. The topographic surface correction is then undertaken based on the extracted structure, which recovers the topographic information of the sharp depressions and eminences to fit the high-resolution representation. Finally, the breaklines of the terrain surface are distilled and integrated into the denser DEM generation. The experiments undertaken confirmed the superiority of the proposed method over the other DEM interpolation methods. It is shown that the proposed method can provide results with a higher accuracy, as well as a better visual quality. 相似文献
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地形校正可以减小地形起伏对地物光谱的影响,提高计算机分类在山区的精度。设计了针对全球土地覆盖分类的Landsat TM/ETM+数据地形校正方法 SCOS(Smoothed COS余弦),首先对地形的坡度角进行抹平处理,很大程度上削弱了地表非朗伯性对地形校正的影响,然后利用简单有效的余弦校正去除地形效应。该方法与其他常用地形校正算法的对比分析是通过对全球不同区域、不同地表覆盖的有代表性的6景Landsat TM/ETM+数据的试验,采用统计分析与目视判读的方式,从过度校正和类内均一性两个方面进行的。结果表明,该方法在目视效果和统计结果上优于常规方法,并且更加简单有效,无需复杂的大气参数及传感器参数,满足全球地表覆盖分类对地形校正的需求。 相似文献
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Jaechoon Chon Hyongsuk Kim Chun-Shin Lin 《ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing》2010,65(1):86-92
This paper presents a novel algorithm that selects seam-lines for mosaicking image patches. This technique uses Dijkstra’s algorithm to find a seam-line with the minimal objective function. Since a segment of seam-line with significant mismatch, even if it is short, is more visible than a lengthy one with small differences, a direct summation of the mismatch scores is inadequate. Limiting the level of the maximum difference along a seam-line should be part of the objective in the seam-line selection process. Our technique first determines this desired level of maximum difference, then applies Dijkstra’s algorithm to find the best seam-line. A quantitative measure to evaluate a seam-line is proposed. The measure is defined as the sum of a fixed number of top mismatch scores. The proposed algorithm is compared with other techniques quantitatively and visually about various types of images. 相似文献
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以四川省广元市某区遥感影像为例，尝试了一种基于DEM和IHS变换的遥感影像反立体纠正方法。该方法首先对IHS变换得到的亮度分量I进行滤波处理，将反映地物反射率差异的亮度信息与地形因子信息分离，然后用DEM制作的地形阴影图替换原图像中的地形因子信息，最后进行IHS反变换。试验结果表明，该方法能有效纠正遥感图像上的反立体现象，并基本保持与原图像色彩一致。 相似文献
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The uneven distribution of solar radiation due to topographic relief can significantly change the correlation between reflectance and other features such as biomass in rugged terrain regions. In this article, we use the transfer theory to improve the Minnaert approach. After comparing topographic correction methods for Landsat 8 Operational Land Imager (OLI) and EO-1 Advanced Land Imager (ALI) imagery acquired from the mountainous region in Beijing, China, we used visual inspection, statistical analysis, and correlation analysis to evaluate the algorithms and performance of the proposed Minnaert-E approach. The results indicate that corrections based on non-Lambertian methods have better performance than those based on the Lambertian assumption. The correction performances can be ranked as the Minnaert-E, followed by the Minnaert and the SCS+C corrections, and, finally, the C-HuangWei correction, which performed the worst. We found that the Minnaert-E approach can effectively weaken the influence of terrain relief on pixels and restore the true reflectance of the pixels in the relief area. Further analysis indicates that the Minnaert-E has a better effect on image processing where the slope gradient is restricted to less than 10° or between 30° and 43°. 相似文献
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Topographic corrections of synthetic aperture radar (SAR) images over hilly regions are vital for retrieval of correct backscatter values associated with natural targets. The coarse resolution external digital elevation models (DEM) available for topographic corrections of high resolution SAR images often result into degradation of spatial resolution or improper estimation of backscatter values in SAR images. Also, many a times the external DEMs do not spatially co-register well with the SAR data. The present study showcases the methodology and results of topographic correction of ALOS-PALSAR image using high resolution DEM generated from the same data. High resolution DEMs of Jaipur region, India were generated using multiple pair SAR images acquired from ALOS-PALSAR using interferometric (InSAR) techniques. The DEMs were validated using differential global positioning system measured elevation values as ground control points and were compared with photogrammetric DEM (advanced spaceborne thermal emission and reflection radiometer – ASTER) and SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) DEM. It was observed that ALOS-PALSAR images with optimum baseline parameters produced high resolution DEM with better height accuracy. Finally, the validated DEM was used for topographic correction of ALOS-PALSAR images of the same region and were found to produce better result as compared with ASTER and SRTM-DEM. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Digital Earth》2013,6(5):504-520
Abstract Because the removal of topographic effects is one the most important pre-processing steps when extracting information from satellite images in digital Earth applications, the problem of differential terrain illumination on satellite imagery has been investigated for at least 20 years. As there is no superior topographic correction method applicable to all areas and all images, a comparison of topographic normalization methods in different regions and images is necessary. In this study, common topographic correction methods were applied on an ALOS AVNIR-2 image of a rugged forest area, and the results were evaluated through different criteria. The results show that the simple correction methods [Cosine, Sun-Canopy-sensor (SCS), and Minnaert correction] are inefficient in exceptionally rough forests. Among the improved correction methods (SCS+C, modified Minnaert, and pixel-based Minnaert), the best result was achieved using a pixel-based Minnaert approach in which a separate correction factor in various slope angles is used. Thus, this method should be considered for topographic correction, especially in forests with severe topography. 相似文献
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地形校正是准确获取地形复杂区遥感反射率的重要步骤,对提高山区地表遥感参数定量化反演精度,扩大遥感产品应用广度具有重要意义。从20世纪80年代开始,国内外学者开始对准确获取山区地表遥感反射率进行研究,建立了多种地形校正模型来减少或消除遥感图像中地形效应影响,减少同种地表类型的反射率差异,并将地形校正模型分为经验模型和物理模型。根据构建物理模型时是否考虑地表非朗伯体特性,将物理模型分为朗伯体假设模型和非朗伯体假设模型,本文分别从朗伯体假设模型和非朗伯体假设校正模型展开叙述。从两类模型构建的理论基础,模型特点,局限性等几方面进行分析和讨论,描述了两类模型的发展历程,系统阐述了朗伯体假设模型和非朗伯体假设模型的适用性和不足,剖析了目前地形校正模型存在的问题与挑战。同时,本文也比较了应用于地形校正的效果评价方法,并展望了地形校正方法和地形校正评价方法的未来主要发展方向。 相似文献
11.
Stijn Hantson Emilio Chuvieco 《International Journal of Applied Earth Observation and Geoinformation》2011
The recent free availability of Landsat historical data provides new potentials for land-cover change studies. Multi-temporal studies require a previous radiometric and geometric homogenization of input images, to better identify true changes. Topographic normalization is one of the key steps to create consistent and radiometricly stable multi-temporal time series, since terrain shadows change throughout time. This paper aims to evaluate different methods for topographic correction of Landsat TM-ETM+ data. They were assessed for 15 ETM+ images taken under different illumination conditions, using two criteria: (a) reduction of the standard deviation (SD) for different land-covers and (b) increase in temporal stability of a time series for individual pixels. We observed that results improve when land-cover classes where processed independently when applying the more advanced correction algorithms such as the C-correction and the Minnaert correction. Best results were obtaining for the C-correction and the empiric–statistic correction. Decreases of the SD for bare soil pixels were larger than 100% for the C-correction and the empiric–statistic correction method compared to the other correction methods in the visible spectrum and larger than 50% in the IR region. In almost all tests the empiric–statistic method provided better results than the C-correction. When analyzing the multi-temporal stability, pixels under bad illumination conditions (northern orientation) improved after correction, while a deterioration was observed for pixels under good illumination conditions (southern orientation). Taken this observation into account, a simple but robust method for topographic correction of Landsat imagery is proposed. 相似文献
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本文提出一种新的半经验地形校正模型SCEDIL(Simple topographic Correction using Estimation of Diffuse Light),该模型通过结合DEM与光学影像数据寻找局部区域内完全光照和阴影的水平像元,并以光照、阴影水平像元的平均反射率值估算局部区域散射辐射比,提高了陡峭山区影像的地形校正精度。以高分一号卫星和Landsat ETM+影像为例,从目视判读和定量分析两个方面,比较分析该算法与传统半经验地形校正算法(C、SCS+C)的校正结果。结果表明:(1)对较为平坦的地形,SCEDIL和C、SCS+C校正都有较好的目视结果;对地面起伏较大的陡峭地形,C、SCS+C校正后,原阴影区域易呈现破碎化特征,SCEDIL校正后,原阴影区域过渡较为平滑。(2)SCEDIL校正后,各波段反射率的均值和标准差优于C、SCS+C校正,SCEDIL校正后,影像总分类精度与同类地物光谱信息均一性均优于C和SCS+C校正。SCEDIL半经验地形校正方法能有效地去除影像中的地形干扰,尤其对陡峭地形的校正效果,优于常规地形校正模型。 相似文献
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由于全变分(Total Variation,TV)模型具有较好的去噪、增强和扩散等功能,在过去的几十年中,TV模型在图像去噪、增强和超分辨率重建等方面得到了深入研究与广泛应用。鉴于TV模型的理论与分割理论具有一致性,因此本文主要研究TV模型用于高分辨率遥感影像的分割,并针对地物多尺度特征,提出了自适应的TV(ATV)模型;且与目前流行的面向对象的影像分析软件eCognition中的FNEA分割方法进行了比较。实验采用2幅高分辨率遥感影像,同时采用了面向对象的分割和分类评价,得出各方法各具优缺点的结论。 相似文献
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Global Positioning System (GPS) is being actively applied to measure static and dynamic displacement responses of large civil engineering structures under winds. However, multipath effects and low sampling frequencies affect the accuracy of GPS for displacement measurement. On the other hand, accelerometers cannot reliably measure static and low-frequency structural responses, but can accurately measure high-frequency structural responses. Therefore, this paper explores the possibility of integrating GPS-measured signals with accelerometer-measured signals to enhance the measurement accuracy of total (static plus dynamic) displacement response of a structure. Integrated data processing techniques using both empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and an adaptive filter are presented. A series of motion simulation table tests are then performed at a site using three GPS receivers, one accelerometer, and one motion simulation table that can simulate various types of motion defined by input wave time histories around a pre-defined static position. The proposed data processing techniques are applied to the recorded GPS and accelerometer data to find both static and dynamic displacements. These results are compared with the actual displacement motions generated by the motion simulation table. The comparative results demonstrate that the proposed technique can significantly enhance the measurement accuracy of the total displacement of a structure. 相似文献
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矿区地形图动态自动修正系统初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
由于矿区特殊性,其地形图变化十分频繁,及时对变化区域或新测绘区域地形图进行修绘是一项十分重要的工作.通过对地形图计算机绘图理论的分析,开发一个矿区地形图动态自动修正系统.该系统特色之处首先是建立一个提取DXF格式地形图控制数据提取接口,并能根据提取数据和修正区域控制数据进行修正区域搜寻、开窗显示、TIN的生成、等高线追踪平滑,以及与原有地形图接边等功能;其次系统力求做到该功能模块的独立性,以能够成为数字化绘图平台或GIS系统绘图功能的补充,或为其该项功能的完善提供具体思路.最后,通过具体实例验证该系统功能的可行性和实用性. 相似文献
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从Epscan2000的数据构成着手，结合具体实践，阐述如何在Epscan2000中进行注记规范化、图廓整饰、数据分层和线宽及颜色的调整等地形图图面整饰方面的解决思路和具体实现方法。 相似文献
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对两个有关土地利用状况调查区域的高光谱和Quickbird数据进行了数百次算法对比实验,最终确定Sym4和Db2是曲波变换中的最佳小波函数,提出两种基于曲波变换的高光谱遥感图像融合方法,即加权法和选择法,获得了更精确的高光谱遥感融合影像.在一个研究区域,通过对高光谱数据的子带分解、脊波变换、一定融合以及它们的逆变换等曲波变换过程,表明融合的高光谱遥感影像能提供许多有利于土地类型划分和影像识别的精确七地信息.在另一个研究区域,除进行曲波变换外,还通过二次多项式计算实现了高光谱与Quickbird数据遥感影像匹配,最终从高光谱与Quickbird数据获得的遥感融合影像经日视及信息熵、相关系数等评价表明,曲波变换融合图像优于小波变换融合图像,与Brovey融合图像相近,但比PCA融合图像稍差.客观和主观评价证实,曲波变换的遥感融合方法能为高光谱遥感图像在土地利用状况调查提供更多更准确的信息. 相似文献
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Airborne laser scanning (ALS) is an active remote sensing technique providing range data as 3D point clouds. This paper aims at presenting a survey of the literature related to such techniques, with emphasis on the new sensors called full-waveform lidar systems. Indeed, an emitted laser pulse interacts with complex natural and man-made objects leading to a temporal distortion of the returned energy profile. The new technology of full-waveform laser scanning systems permits one to digitize the complete waveform of each backscattered pulse. Full-waveform lidar data give more control to an end user in the interpretation process of the physical measurement and provide additional information about the structure and the physical backscattering characteristics of the illuminated surfaces. In this paper, the theoretical principles of full-waveform airborne laser scanning are first described. Afterwards, a review of the main sensors as well as signal processing techniques are presented. We then discuss the interpretation of full-waveform measures with special interest on vegetated and urban areas. 相似文献
19.
A coupled atmospheric and topographic correction algorithm for remotely sensed satellite imagery over mountainous terrain 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Zhaoming Zhang Xiaomei Zhang Tengfei Long Guizhou Wang Mengmeng Wang 《地理信息系统科学与遥感》2018,55(3):400-416
Radiometric correction is an important issue in the quantitative remote-sensing community. By integrating dark object subtraction (DOS)-based atmospheric correction with physics-based topographic correction, a coupled land surface reflectance retrieval algorithm (coupled atmospheric and topographic correction algorithm, named the CAT algorithm) for rugged mountainous regions is proposed. Terra MODIS-derived atmospheric characterization data (including aerosol optical depth, integrated precipitable water, surface pressure, and ozone concentration) are employed as inputs for the proposed algorithm. A physics-based path radiance estimation model is proposed and embedded in the CAT algorithm, and band-specific per-pixel path radiance values are calculated. After the CAT algorithm was performed, the correlation between reflectance and terrain was dramatically reduced, with correlation coefficients nearly equal zero, especially for the near infrared and short-wave infrared bands, meanwhile the image information content increased over 20%. To provide a comparison with previous studies, two commonly used methods in the literature (DOS + Cosine and DOS + C) were employed. The results of the comparison show that the proposed algorithm performed better in both atmospheric and topographic corrections without empirical regression. 相似文献
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对不同空间分辨率、时间分辨率和波谱分辨率的遥感图像进行综合、高效的利用,是遥感应用的关键问题之一。基于主分量变换法,提出了基于主成分分析的模拟真彩色融合法。该方法不仅具有主成分分析融合法的光谱波段选择灵活和光谱信息损失小等优点,同时该方法还可获得逼真的自然色彩的融合图像,提高了图像的融合效果。利用QuickBird全色和多光谱数据进行了试验,并与色彩空间变换法(IHS)、比值变换融合法和乘积变换法等传统方法,在定性和定量两个方面进行了比较分析。结果表明,新方法很好的保留了多光谱影像的光谱信息,提高了空间细节的表现能力,是一种有效实用的遥感图像融合方法。 相似文献