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1.
大同盆地第四纪的火山可以划分为两部分:西北区(通常称大同火山群)和东南区。西北区的火山群属典型的中心式喷发,其玄武熔岩是碱性橄榄玄武岩。东南区的火山岩属裂隙式喷溢,其玄武岩流主要是由橄榄拉斑玄武岩组成。本文概括了这两个地区的玄武岩类在岩石学、地球化学、稀土和微量元素等方面的差别和各自的特点 相似文献
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《地震地质》2015,(4)
华北东部海兴一带出露2座第四纪火山,即小山火山和大山火山,并在边庄附近隐伏了火山岩。野外考察和室内分析显示:小山火山为玛珥式火山,喷发方式为射汽岩浆喷发,影响范围仅限于火口附近,喷发物为火山渣、晶屑和火山灰;大山火山早期为爆破式喷发,后有岩浆侵入,喷发强度和规模均不大,产生了火山渣、火山集块岩和致密熔岩颈。边庄隐伏火山岩为气孔状和致密火山岩及火山角砾岩,喷发方式以弱爆破式喷发和熔岩流溢为主,喷发时代为早更新世。小山火山渣和边庄隐伏火山岩成分为玄武质,而大山火山岩Si O2含量低,属于霞石岩。氧化物含量不显示线性关系,说明它们之间不存在岩浆演化关系。3处火山岩均富集轻稀土,边庄隐伏火山岩富大离子亲石元素,无高场强元素Zr、Hf、Ti亏损,大山和小山样品强烈富集Th、U、Nb和Ta,明显负K和Ti。3处火山岩具有不同的岩石学和地球化学特征,具有相对独立的火山结构,虽均可能来自软流圈,但明显经历了不同的岩浆活动过程。 相似文献
3.
甜水海地块古元古代火山岩的发现及其地质意义 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
本文报道甜水海地块西段古元古界布伦阔勒岩群中片理化变流纹岩的单颗粒锆石LA-ICP-MS测年为（2481±14）Ma.这套流纹岩与玄武岩、玄武安山岩互层状产出,可能共同组成布伦阔勒岩群中的古元古界组分.其中玄武岩、玄武安山岩主体属于低铝拉斑玄武岩系列,流纹岩属于低铝钙碱性系列;岩石富集大离子亲石元素和轻稀土,亏损亲石元素P及高场强元素Nb,Ta和Ti等,铕异常不明显.εNd（t）值（3.14～4.88之间）及微量元素地球化学特征显示具有亏损地幔源区特征,并受到强烈的地壳混染.基性火山岩多元素原始地幔标准化分配曲线及Zr/Y-Zr图解表明其形成于大陆板内构造环境.综合喀喇昆仑区域地质资料,参考华北克拉通新太古代基性火山岩研究成果,推测布伦阔勒岩群火山岩与地幔岩浆底侵作用有关. 相似文献
4.
额尔古纳地区中生代火山岩形成的动力学环境 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
通过对额尔古纳地区中生代火山岩新的岩石化学、微量元素、构造等方面的分析,表明该地区中生代火山岩（主要指塔木兰沟组（Ｊ３ｔ）火山岩、上库力组（Ｋ１Ｓ）火山岩是形成在明显的挤压环境中;再结合区域构造、夺浆作用、古地磁特征和稳定同位素分析,笔者得出以下认识：１．该区中生代火山岩岩浆来泊较深（幔源）;财浆是挤压背景下,“减压－剪切”作用的产物,而不是裂谷环境中的产物,从而使得岩浆在演化过程中混入了大量的壳 相似文献
5.
滇西南澜沧江构造带大新山组放射虫、硅质岩和玄武岩研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
野外调查在景洪曼别和思茅大新山地区大新山组发现放射虫硅质岩、玄武岩地层层序. 放射虫动物群包括Follicucullus和Pseudoalbaillella等, 地质时代为中二叠世晚期至晚二叠世早期. 景洪曼别地区硅质岩SiO2含量均在92%以上, MnO/TiO2平均比值为2.15, Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值小于或约等于0.1, Ce/Ce*平均值为0.4, 为远洋型硅质岩; 而大新山地区的硅质岩SiO2含量相对较低, MnO/TiO2比值为0.27, Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值为0.49, Ce/Ce*比值为0.88, 为大陆边缘型硅质岩. 两地玄武岩均为拉斑玄武岩, 其主元素、稀土和微量元素均显示洋脊玄武岩特征, 说明澜沧江构造带大新山组除包含岛弧火山岩外, 还存在洋壳型火山岩和硅质岩, 代表了活动大陆边缘沉积组合. 相似文献
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8.
柴北缘鱼卡河榴辉岩的超高压变质年龄:锆石LA-ICP-MS微区定年 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
锆石的阴极发光图像观察发现,柴北缘鱼卡河两种类型超高压榴辉岩-粗粒多硅白云母榴辉岩和细粒块状榴辉岩的锆石均呈半自形柱状形态,部分出现核-边结构.核部为继承性锆石,边部及无核颗粒显示扇状、面状和斑杂状等典型变质锆石的结构特征.LA-ICP-MS锆石原位微量元素分析揭示锆石核部具有明显高的稀土总量、重稀土富集型稀土配分模式以及高的Th/U比值,为原岩锆石的残留;边部及无核颗粒测点的稀土总量降低,稀土配分曲线上重稀土富集程度、Eu的负异常程度都明显减小,部分甚至出现Eu的正异常,指示矿物组合中石榴石的存在和斜长石的缺失,表明其形成在榴辉岩相条件下.LA-ICP-MS微区定年给出两类榴辉岩近乎一致的变质年龄和原岩年龄分别为(436±3)和(431±4)Ma以及783～793和748～759Ma.取两种榴辉岩变质年龄的加权平均值(434±2)Ma代表鱼卡河超高压榴辉岩的变质年龄.该研究表明榴辉岩的原岩为形成在750～800Ma的新元古代火山岩,在早古生代时期经历超高压变质作用,其间存在300Ma的年龄差距,远大于洋壳从洋中脊处形成到海沟处俯冲消减所需要的最大年龄(200Ma),结合新进获得的该剖面两类榴辉岩直接围岩的变质年龄(431±3)Ma和(432±18Ma)以及野外地质特征,提出鱼卡河榴辉岩是先期就位地壳的新元古代火山岩在古生代随陆壳一起俯冲遭受超高压变质而成,(434±2)Ma应代表本区大陆深俯冲的时代. 相似文献
9.
宁芜（南京-芜湖）盆地火山岩的年代学及其意义 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
宁芜盆地是长江中下游地区最重要的火山岩盆地之一,发育有龙王山、大王山、姑山和娘娘山4组以安山质火山岩为主的地层.通过对4组火山岩中熔岩的锆石LA-ICP MS同位素定年,得到各组火山岩形成的时间分别为：龙王山组（134.8±1.3）Ma、大王山组（132.2±1.6）Ma、姑山组（129.5±0.8）Ma和娘娘山组（126.6±1.1）Ma.宁芜盆地内火山岩皆形成于早白垩世,火山岩浆活动发生的起止时间约为135~127Ma,持续时间在8~10Ma左右.包括宁芜盆地在内的长江中下游地区各火山岩盆地均不存在侏罗纪火山岩浆活动.研究结果为进一步探讨和认识长江中下游及中国东部中生代构造-岩浆-成矿作用提供了新的年代学成果. 相似文献
10.
安徽庐枞（庐江-枞阳）盆地火山岩的年代学及其意义 总被引：34，自引：0，他引：34
庐枞盆地是长江中下游地区最重要的火山岩盆地之一,发育有龙门院、砖桥、双庙和浮山4组以橄榄安粗岩系为特征的火山岩地层．通过对4组火山岩中熔岩的锆石LA-ICP MS同位素定年,得到各组火山岩形成的时间分别为：龙门院组（134．8±1．8）Ma、砖桥组（134．1±1．6）Ma、双庙组（130．5±0．8）Ma和浮山组（127．1±1．2）Ma．庐枞盆地内火山岩皆形成于早白垩世,火山岩浆活动发生的起止时间约为135～127Ma,持续时间在8～10Ma左右．包括庐枞盆地在内的长江中下游地区各火山岩盆地均不存在侏罗纪火山岩浆活动．研究结果为进一步探讨和认识长江中下游及中国东部中生代构造-岩浆-成矿作用提供了新的年代学成果． 相似文献
11.
Abstract Geochemical analyses of volcanic rocks in the Gamilaroi terrane reveal several phases of arc activity within an intra-oceanic island-arc terrane. Felsic volcanic rocks at the base of the section have rare earth element (REE) and trace element compositions which indicate that they were derived from an island-arc source. Basalts immediately overlying the felsic volcanic rocks have a distinctive geochemical signature with low levels of Ti and Y and high levels of Ni, Cr and Mg. Low concentrations of REE and trace elements relative to mid-ocean-ridge basalts (MORB) indicate that they were also derived from an intra-oceanic island-arc source. Extensive basalts and basaltic andesites among the youngest rocks of the terrane have typically flat to enriched REE and trace element compositions, indicating a transitional arc-back-arc source. The change in basalt compositions indicates that rifting had occurred by this stage in the evolution of the arc. Confirmation of an intra-oceanic setting for this terrane enables a more detailed comparison with similar intra-oceanic rocks in the northern New England orogen. This study of the Gamilaroi terrane is an example of the potential use of geochemical data to identify other ancient intra-oceanic island-arc-rift suites. 相似文献
12.
Geochemistry and chronology of the Jiehekou Group metamorphic basic volcanic rocks in the Lüliang Mountain area,Shanxi, China 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Samples were systematically collected from metamorphic basic volcanic rocks in the Jiehekou and Xiyupi areas on both sides of the Lüliang Mountains, Shanxi Province and analyzed for their major elements, trace elements and rare earth elements (REE). The geochemical characteristics of their major, trace and rare-earth elements indicated that the metamorphic basic volcanic rocks in this area were emplaced in the tectonic environment like a modern continental rift. Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr isotope chronological studies demonstrated that the Jiehekou Group metamorphic basic volcanic rocks were formed during the 2600-Ma crust/mantle differentiation event, and were transformed by granulite facies metamorphism during the late Neo-Archaean period (2500 Ma ±), making the Sm-Nd systematics of the rocks reset. During the late Paleoproterozoic period (1800 Ma ±) the Rb-Sr systematics of the rocks were disturbed again in response to the Lüliang movement. Since the extent of disturbance was so weak that the Sm-Nd systematics was not affected, the age of 1600 Ma ± obtained from this area seems to be related to local magmatic activities within the craton. Research results lend no support to the idea that the Lüliang Group was formed during the Archaean. Instead, it should be formed during the Proterozoic. 相似文献
13.
Adakitic lavas in the Central Luzon back‐arc region,Philippines: lower crust partial melting products? 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Graciano P. Yumul JR Carla Dimalanta Herve Bellon Decibel V. Faustino Joel V. De Jesus Rodolfo A. Tamayo JR Ferdinand T. Jumawan 《Island Arc》2000,9(4):499-512
Abstract Volcanism in the back-arc side region of Central Luzon, Philippines, with respect to the Manila Trench is characterized by fewer and smaller volume volcanic centers compared to the adjacent forearc side-main volcanic arc igneous rocks. The back-arc side volcanic rocks which include basalts, basaltic andesites, andesites and dacites also contain more hydrous minerals (ie, hornblende and biotite). Adakite-like geochemical characteristics of these back-arc lavas, including elevated Sr, depleted heavy rare earth elements and high Sr/Y ratios, are unlikely to have formed by slab melting, be related to incipient subduction, slab window magmatism or plagioclase accumulation. Field and geochemical evidence show that these adakitic lavas were most probably formed by the partial melting of a garnet-bearing amphibolitic lower crust. Adakitic lavas are not necessarily arc–trench gap region slab melts. 相似文献
14.
喀雅克登塔格北坡辉绿岩地球化学特征及构造背景研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据测区涉及不同时代、不同期次的岩浆岩特征,通过对采集样品的分析,并根据相关由岩浆岩的微量元素地球化学特征判别岩浆形成的大地构造环境和岩浆源区的化学性质的判别理论和方法。对测区范围内的辉绿岩主要特征、岩石地球化学特征、稀土元素特征及微量元素特征进行了分析类比,从而揭示了喀雅克登塔格辉绿岩属于大陆拉斑玄武岩系列钙碱性岩,来源于较富集的地幔源区,岩石成因属幔源型侵入岩。 相似文献
15.
Petrogenesis of the Ulsan carbonate rocks from the south-eastern Kyongsang Basin, South Korea 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Abstract The petrogenesis of the Ulsan carbonate rocks in the Mesozoic Kyongsang Basin of South Korea, which have previously been interpreted as limestone of Paleozoic age, is reconsidered in the present study. Within the Kyongsang Basin, a small volume of carbonate rocks, containing a magnetite deposit and spatially associated ultramafic rocks, is surrounded by sedimentary, volcanic and granitic rocks of the Mesozoic age. The simple cross‐cutting relationships and other outcrop features of the area indicate that the carbonate rocks are an intrusive phase and younger than the other surrounding Mesozoic rocks. The Ulsan carbonates have low concentrations of rare earth elements (REE) and trace elements with the carbon and oxygen isotope values in the range of δ13CPDB = 2.4 to 4.0‰ and δ18OSMOW = 17.0 to 19.5‰. Outcrop evidence and geochemical signatures indicate that the Ulsan carbonates were formed from crustal carbonate melts, which were generated by the melting/fluxing of crustal carbonate materials, caused by the emplacement‐related processes of alkaline A‐type granitic rocks. Compared to typical mantle‐derived carbonatites associated with silica‐undersaturated, strongly peralkaline systems, the relatively small size and geochemical characteristics of the Ulsan carbonates reflect carbonatite genesis in a silica‐saturated, weakly alkali intrusive system. Major deep‐seated tectonic fractures formed by the collapse of the cauldron or the rift system associated with the opening of the East Sea (Japan Sea) might have facilitated the ascent of the crustal carbonate melts. 相似文献
16.
Field investigation and lab analysis on samples were carried out for Quaternary volcanoes, including Xiaoshan volcano, Dashan volcano and Bianzhuang hidden volcano, in Haixing area, east of North China. Results show that Xiaoshan volcano with the eruptive material of volcanic scoria, crystal fragments and volcanic ash is a maar volcano, the eruptive pattern is pheatomagmatic eruption, and the influence scope is near the crater. Dashan volcano exploded in the early stage, and then the magma intruded, forming the volcanic neck. The eruption strength and scale are limited, and the eruptive materials are scoria, volcanic agglomerate and dense lava neck. The volcanic rocks in Bianzhuang are porosity and dense volcanic rocks and volcanic breccia, reflecting the pattern of weak explosive eruption and lava flow, and the K-Ar age dating on volcanic rocks indicates that the eruption happened in early Pleistocene. Xiaoshan volcanic scoria and Bianzhuang hidden volcanic rocks are mainly basaltic, Dashan volcanic rocks with lower SiO2 content are nephelinite in composition. Their oxide contents have no linear relationship, indicating that there is no magma evolution relationship between these magmas from the three places. Three volcanic rocks all have enrichment of light rare earth. The Bianzhuang volcanic rocks are rich in large ion lithophile elements, and have no high field strength elements Zr and Hf, Ti losses. The volcanic materials from Xiaoshan and Dashan are intensively rich in Th, U, Nb and Ta, and significantly poor in K and Ti. Although the magmas from these three places in Haixing area may all come from asthenosphere, the volcanic materials have different petrological and geochemical features, and relatively independent volcanic structures, therefore, they experienced different magma processes. 相似文献
17.
Petrography and geochemistry(major, trace and rare earth elements) of clastic rocks from the Late Palaeozoic Madzaringwe Formation, in the Tshipise-Pafuri Basin, Northern South Africa, have been investigated to understand their provenance. Sandstone petrography and detrital modes indicates that the Late Palaeozoic succession was derived from craton interior and recycled orogen provenance. Sandstones in the Madzaringwe Formation are sub-arkosic to sub-litharenite. The sediments may represent a recycled to craton interior provenance. The geochemical data of major elements show that sandstone and shales have the same source. The study of paleoweathering conditions based on modal composition, chemical index of alteration(CIA) and A-CN-K(Al2O3-Ca O+Na2O-K2O) relationships indicate that probably chemical weathering in the source area and recycling processes have been more important in shale and sandstone rocks. The relatively high CIA values(70–90%) indicates moderate to high weathering conditions of the samples and the paleoclimate of the source area was warm. K2O/Na2 O versus Si O2 and Na2O-Ca O-K2 O tectonic setting discrimination plots, suggest a passive continental margin. In the study of trace elements, triangular Th-Sc-Zr/10 and La-Th-Sc plots both suggest a passive margin setting of the basin. Petrographic and geochemical results of the samples suggest uplifted basement source areas dominated by sedimentary rocks and/or granite-gneiss rocks. The source rocks might have been the recycled pre-Soutpansberg Karoo Supergroup rocks and the metasedimentary rocks of the Soutpansberg Group. Other source rocks may have been the pre-Beit-Bridge basement rocks(granites and gneisses). 相似文献
18.
Characteristic geochemical features of the ophiolite suite from the Bay of Islands Complex have been determined by major and trace element analyses of 13 rocks. Based on elements, such as rare earth elements (REE), whose abundances are relatively immobile during alteration and metamorphism, we find that (1) the pillow lavas and diabases are relatively depleted in light REE similar to most tholeiites occurring along spreading oceanic ridges, in back-arc basins and comprising the early phases of volcanism in island arcs; (2) the gabbros, composed of cumulate plagioclase and olivine with poikilitic clinopyroxene, have REE contents consistent with formation as cumulates precipitated from magmas represented by the overlying pillow lavas and diabases; (3) as in most harzburgites from ophiolites, the Bay of Islands harzburgite and dunite have relative REE abundances inconsistent with a genetic relationship to the overlying basic rocks — this inconsistency may be primary or it may result from late-stage alteration, contamination and/or metamorphism; (4) some Bay of Islands lherzolites have major and trace element abundances expected in the mantle source of the overlying basic rocks. Overall, the geochemical features of this Bay of Islands ophiolite suite are similar to those from Troodos and Vourinos, but these data are not sufficient to distinguish between different tectonic environments such as deep ocean ridge, small ocean basin or young island arc. 相似文献
19.
Subduction‐related volcanic rocks are widespread in the Central Pontides of Turkey, and represented by the Hamsaros volcanic succession in the Sinop area to the north. The volcanic rocks display high‐K calc‐alkaline, shoshonitic and ultra‐K affinities. 40Ar/39Ar age data indicate that the rocks occurred during the Late Cretaceous (ca 82 Ma), and the volcanic suites were coeval. Primitive mantle‐normalized trace element patterns of all the lavas are characterized by strong enrichments in large ion lithophile elements (LILE) (Rb, Ba, K, and Sr), Th, U, Pb, and light rare earth elements (LREE; La, Ce) and prominent negative Nb, Ta, and Ti anomalies, all typical of subduction‐related lavas. There is a systematic increase in the enrichment of incompatible trace elements from the high‐K calc‐alkaline lavas through the shoshonitic to the ultra‐K lavas. In addition, the shoshonitic and ultra‐K lavas have significantly higher 87Sr/86Sr (0.70666–0.70834) and lower 143Nd/144Nd (0.51227–0.51236) initial ratios than coexisting high‐K calc‐alkaline lavas (87Sr/86Sr 0.70576–0.70613, 143Nd/144Nd 0.51245–0.51253). Geochemical and isotopic data show that the shoshonitic and ultra‐K rocks cannot be derived from the high‐K calc‐alkaline suite by any shallow level differentiation process, and point to a derivation from distinct mantle sources. The shoshonitic and ultra‐K rocks were derived from metasomatic veins related to melting of recycled subducted sediments, but the high‐K calc‐alkaline rocks from a lithospheric source metasomatized by fluids from subduction zone. 相似文献