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1.
The fully softened shear strength (FSS) concept is a practical approximation of the mobilized drained shear strength of first-time slides in stiff-fissured clays. There has been a recent increase in interest in measurement and estimation of FSS secant friction angle (FSS-ϕ′sec) to develop correlations for preliminary design and cost approximation. However, such correlations do not help in understanding the cause and effect relationship between soil properties and FSS-ϕ′sec. In this study, a laboratory database containing FSS-ϕ′sec values (output) and soil properties (inputs) of several overconsolidated clays is used to develop a predictive model for FSS-ϕ′sec (output or response). The goal is to detect which inputs from the whole parameter space dominate the response while creating an accurate prediction tool to provide statistical insights regarding the FSS-ϕ′sec. The proposed methodology is used to assess and quantify the relationships among variables, estimate testing device effects on FSS-ϕ′sec, and analyze the danger of extrapolation due to model constraints. The applicability of the predicted FSS-ϕ′sec is also evaluated and compared. Recommendations regarding the studied prediction tools for slope stability design in stiff-fissured clays are provided. 相似文献
2.
基坑开挖不仅改变了半无限空间体边界条件,卸载时还会引起周围地层移动,导致既有建筑物地基承载力的附加损失。在临近基坑既有建筑物地基承载力计算中,其抗剪强度参数的选取有别于斜坡上地基计算参数的常规取值方法。通过探讨临近基坑既有建筑物地基抗剪强度指标的取值问题,建议以地基土的完全软化强度与残余抗剪强度的平均值作为临近基坑既有建筑物地基抗剪强度指标,并据此估算了临近基坑既有建筑物地基承载力。所得结果与斜坡上地基承载力的试验值和理论解对比分析后显示出其具有一定的合理性。所建议的抗剪强度指标取值方法,还有待于试验的进一步验证。 相似文献
3.
岩质边坡结构面抗剪强度是分析边坡稳定性的重要参数。反分析法是视滑坡将要滑动而尚未滑动的瞬间为极限平衡状态,求解滑动面抗剪强度的一种方法,相对于室内实验和原位测试具有成本低的特点,但其普适性较差,对反分析法的应用条件进行研究对该方法在边坡工程中的准确应用具有重要意义。本文用反分析和室内试验两种方法确定西柏坡纪念馆不稳定斜坡结构面抗剪强度,发现对于单滑动面岩质顺层滑坡,直接采用滑坡断面进行反分析获得的结构面抗剪强度与室内试验结果相近,可用于评价同一结构面边坡的稳定性。 相似文献
4.
土体抗剪强度是边坡稳定性分析的重要力学参数,而大型直剪试验是确定粗粒土抗剪强度指标较为有效的方法,但获取所需原状土样较为困难。通过现场挖取边坡残坡积原状土样,开展原状土样和击实土样的室内常规小型直剪对比试验,证明在有效控制密度、干密度和含水率条件下采用击实土样获取的直剪强度指标可替代原状土样试验结果。击实土样的大型直剪与原状土样的常规直剪试验结果对比分析表明,由常规小型直剪试验获得残坡积土的抗剪强度略高于大型直剪试验结果。由于室内常规小型直剪试验获取的抗剪强度指标往往比边坡实际发生滑动时的抗剪强度指标稍大,建议在边坡稳定性分析中对抗剪强度指标选取时,采用以大型直剪试验获得的有效控制密度、干密度和含水率条件下击实土样的峰值强度和残余强度,由此进行的边坡稳定性计算将更为科学合理 相似文献
5.
Rainfall-induced landslides frequently occur in humid temperate regions worldwide. Research activity in understanding the mechanism of rainfall-induced landslides has recently focused on the probability of slope failure involving non-homogeneous soil profiles. This paper presents probabilistic analyses to assess the stability of unsaturated soil slope under rainfall. The influence of the spatial variability of shear strength parameters on the probability of rainfall-induced slope failure is conducted by means of a series of seepage and stability analyses of an infinite slope based on random fields. A case study of shallow failure located on sandstone slopes in Japan is used to verify the analysis framework. The results confirm that a probabilistic analysis can be efficiently used to qualify various locations of failure surface caused by spatial variability of soil shear strength for a shallow infinite slope failure due to rainfall. 相似文献
6.
为了解决复活蠕滑型黄土滑坡强度参数的取值问题,开展完全软化强度与残余强度的对比试验研究。以山西地区典型黄土为研究对象,采用预压固结法制备饱和重塑试样,并进行反复直剪强度试验获取完全软化强度和残余强度参数。试验结果表明:黄土的完全软化强度以黏聚力为零、颗粒未发生定向排列为主要特征。完全软化强度与二次固结应力和黏粒含量有关。试样在二次固结应力小于300kPa时的应力-应变曲线呈应变软化型,完全软化强度大于残余强度,黏粒含量高的试样应变软化更显著; 试样在二次固结应力大于等于300kPa时的应力应变曲线呈理想塑性型,完全软化强度近似等于残余强度。完全软化内摩擦角与残余内摩擦角的差值和预压固结应力、二次固结应力及黏粒含量有关。完全软化内摩擦角与残余内摩擦角的差值随二次固结应力的增大而减小,最终趋于0。当预压固结应力小于300kPa时,内摩擦角差值及黏粒含量对内摩擦角差值的影响随着预压固结应力的减小呈乘幂性增大; 当预压固结应力大于等于300kPa时,完全软化强度近似等于残余强度,可用完全软化强度近似代替残余强度。研究结论为复活蠕滑型黄土滑坡稳定性分析时强度参数的取值提供了一定的参考。 相似文献
7.
A stability analysis of a laterally confined slope model, lying on an inclined bedding plane, was presented to evaluate the lateral shear resistance by considering the loading paths and failure envelopes. Two slope models were prepared on a bedding plane by compaction, one with and one without lateral confinement. The compacted models are related to the geological conditions at shallow depths where brittle deformation can occur and an excavation can induce horizontal field stress that significantly influences the stability of the slope. Three distinct loading paths, controlled by either tilting the angles or increasing the surcharge loads, were applied to achieve the failure of the slope models. Rankine’s passive earth pressure due to compaction was reduced by the shear strength reduction ratio. The shear strength reduction ratio was estimated through the least-squares fitting method based on the results of model tests at failure when the loading paths intersected the failure envelope. Provided that the effect of lateral confinement in a rock mass can be described by the shear strength reduction ratio, the proposed equations will be beneficial for slope stability analyses of laterally confined slopes on bedding planes. A case study of an undercut pit wall in an open-pit mine was demonstrated by showing that the unknown shear strength reduction ratio can be back-analyzed from the rainfall-induced landslide case. Therefore, the design of other undercut slopes with different geometries and groundwater conditions in the rock mass, which have undergone the same geological process as the back-analyzed case, is possible. 相似文献
8.
对以连云港地区的海相软土为原料的水泥土进行了一系列物理、强度试验,分析了含水量、水泥用量和龄期对水泥土强度的影响,提出了似水灰比的概念用于水泥土强度的预测。采用提出的水泥土强度预测公式,根据某一似水灰比、龄期28 d某种的水泥土室内试验强度,可以预测不同含水量、不同水泥用量和不同龄期的水泥土室内试验强度。通过比较分析发现,得出水泥土强度预测公式可以很好地应用于其他研究者已经发表的水泥土试验数据,进一步验证了所提出的强度预测公式的有效性。 相似文献
9.
随着生态平衡和环保日益得到公众的认同和重视,工程边坡的生态修复与防护技术得到发达国家的重视,生态防护成为边坡灾害防治和水土流失控制的首选方案,代表着边坡防护的发展方向。本文采用等应变直剪仪对两种种植在低液限粉质黏土边坡上的抗旱耐瘠植物的根-土复合土体及素土进行室内剪切试验,探讨不同根系密度和含水量对抗剪强度的影响,结果表明:随着垂直压力的增加,土体抗剪强度随之增加;根系能显著增加土体抵抗剪切破坏能力,其中沙打旺提高土体抗剪强度的效果较锦鸡儿明显;随着根系密度的增加,抗剪强度随之增加;随着土体的含水率增加,根-土复合体抵抗剪切能力先增加后减小;植物根系对土体的内摩擦角影响不大,但对黏聚力影响较大,根-土复合土体抵抗剪切破坏的能力主要由黏聚力的提高决定。本文研究成果对华北地区低液限粉质黏土公路边坡生态防护技术及采煤矿区环境生态治理工程中的植物选择和配置,均具有重要的意义。 相似文献
10.
It is well known that the trial process for seeking the safety factor in the shear strength reduction finite element method (SSRFEM) is quite expensive, particularly for large 3-D slope stability analyses. The search algorithm for the safety factor is crucial to the entire solution process for the shear strength reduction finite element method, but few studies have attempted to exploit it. Among search algorithms, the commonly used bracketing and bisection search has not been fully optimised. Consequently, to improve the search scheme for the safety factor associated with the shear strength reduction finite element method, two strategies are suggested. First, a generalised bisection search algorithm is proposed to reduce the possibility of encountering non-convergence from a statistical point of view. To further improve the efficiency, a new two-grid scheme, characterised by a coarse mesh search and followed by a fine mesh search, is developed. Based on the drained or undrained analyses of the 3-D slope examples, the new search algorithm can markedly outperform the commonly used bisection search algorithms based on a single finite element mesh. 相似文献
11.
天然沉积的土层总是表现出一定程度的强度各向异性,但现有的边坡稳定有限元分析极少考虑各向异性的影响。对大型有限元软件ABAQUS进行二次开发,使其能够考虑土体黏聚力随大主应力方向的变化,动态更新增量迭代求解过程中边坡不同位置处的抗剪强度,进而提出具备安全系数自动搜索功能的各向异性边坡稳定分析方法。计算结果表明,均匀边坡的有限元解与极限分析上限解相差很小。如果采用土体固结方向的黏聚力并按各向同性评价缓坡的稳定性,可能严重高估安全系数,尤其是在黏聚力较高的情况下。与极限分析不同,建立的强度更新有限元模型能够分析成层边坡的稳定性。 相似文献
12.
降雨入渗是影响边坡稳定性、导致边坡失稳的最主要和最普遍的环境因素。强风化软岩用于高填方路堤填土边坡时,填土的压实度直接影响路堤土的渗透性和强度。利用饱和与非饱和渗流有限元模拟降雨入渗时高填方路堤的暂态渗流场,将计算得到的暂态孔隙水压力分布用于边坡的极限平衡分析,并考虑基质吸力对非饱和土抗剪强度的影响。探讨降雨强度、持时和压实度对边坡稳定性的影响。研究表明,强风化软岩用于高填方路堤压实度不能低于90 %;当暴雨强度为200 mm/d时,边坡就会失稳。其成果将为高填方路堤边坡防护设计提供科学依据。 相似文献
13.
A residual soil slope in Singapore that failed on two occasions, in 1989 and 1991, was reanalysed using two (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) slope stability analyses. The geometry of the slope in 1989 differed from that in 1991. The 2D and 3D slope stability analyses on the slope that failed in 1989 showed that the average shear strength parameters of the residual soils are representative of the slope and the factors of safety obtained from 2D slope stability analyses are not necessarily more conservative than 3D slope stability analyses. The analyses also showed that the slope failed in 1989 due to rising groundwater table. The analyses of the slope in 1991 showed that the slope experienced shallow failure due to the high groundwater table. Analyses of the slope after lowering of groundwater table by horizontal drains showed that the factor of safety of the slope has improved tremendously. The differences in factors of safety for 2D and 3D slope stability analyses are greater for low groundwater table as compared with those for high groundwater table. The results illustrated how 3D slope stability analyses have become less daunting to perform and can be incorporated into routine slope designs. 相似文献
14.
Scaly clays are stiff and highly fissured clays often used as construction materials. This paper presents the results of triaxial compression tests carried out on saturated and unsaturated samples of a compacted scaly clay. Complementary investigation on the microstructural features and their evolution with the amount of water stored into the material are also presented in order to shed light on the evolution of the micro- and macroporosity with suction. The water retention behaviour of the compacted scaly clay is also addressed. The results from the controlled suction triaxial tests are used to discuss the applicability of a single-shear strength criterion to compacted double-structured clays when the effective stress concept for unsaturated soils is used. The choice of the degree of saturation to be included in the effective stress definition for obtaining a satisfactory representation of the shear strength is addressed. It is shown that the best results are obtained when the macropore degree of saturation is considered along with its evolution during the applied stress path. 相似文献
15.
土坡在进行稳定性计算时传统的极限平衡分析方法对于同一土体多采用单一的土体强度参数。近年来,人们致力于土体含水量与抗剪强度之间的关系研究,试验证明不同的含水量下土体的抗剪强度指标有很大变化。在连续的降雨条件下,在土体内部形成渗流改变土体的含水量会引起抗剪强度的变化,随时间和渗入量的不同土坡稳定性将随之改变。基于降雨条件下边坡饱和—非饱和渗流计算,利用土水分离土条自重法计算在不同时刻土坡的动态稳定系数,同时分析潜在滑动面的变化规律。 相似文献
16.
滑带土的强度特性对于边坡稳定具有重要的控制作用,揭示滑带土强度指标的变化规律是进行边坡安全性评估的基本前提。针对一库岸古滑坡滑动带中的含粗粒细粒土,进行了滑带土强度特性的试验研究：通过现场大剪试验和室内固结快剪试验分析了滑带土的剪切性状,确定了再生强度、现场折减强度和固结快剪强度;根据现行反复剪切试验在确定含粗粒细粒土残余强度时的不足,对试验方法和试验仪器进行了改进,提出了滑带土的残余强度指标,并与其他剪切条件下的强度指标进行了比较;基于试验结果的统计分析,探讨了土体含水率、塑性指数及粗粒含量对剪切强度指标的影响,并总结了含粗粒细粒土与一般黏性土或砂土在剪切性状方面的诸多不同 相似文献
17.
土体的各向异性与沉积环境和应力历史密切相关。以能够考虑土体特性的各向异性不排水抗剪强度公式为基础,利用圆弧滑动方法,并考虑破坏面上强度的折减（ ）,推导各向异性软土基坑抗隆起稳定极限平衡解。对软土基坑抗隆起稳定进行研究,系统分析了开挖深度H、围护结构插入深度D、最下道支撑与坑底相对距离He/H等几何因素及土体有效内摩擦角 、各向异性强度比k及强度沿深度非均质变化的斜率 等强度参数的影响。最后结合工程实例,验证了公式的适用性,为软土基坑工程抗隆起分析提供了新的思路。 相似文献
18.
In probabilistic slope stability analysis, the influence of cross correlation of the soil strength parameters, cohesion and internal friction angle, on the reliability index has not been investigated fully. In this paper, an expedient technique is presented for probabilistic slope stability analysis that involves sampling a series of combinations of soil strength parameters through a copula as input to an existing conventional deterministic slope stability program. The approach organises the individual marginal probability density distributions of componential shear strength as a bivariate joint distribution by the copula function to characterise the dependence between shear strengths. The technique can be used to generate an arbitrarily large sample of soil strength parameters. Examples are provided to illustrate the use of the copula-based sampling method to estimate the reliability index of given slopes, and the computed results are compared with the first-order reliability method, considering the correlated random variables. A sensitivity study was conducted to assess the influence of correlational measurements on the reliability index. The approach is simple and can be applied in practice with little effort beyond what is necessary in a conventional analysis. 相似文献
19.
排土场稳定性主要取决于排土场的坡角及排弃废石的内部强度。通过低压到高压的三轴压缩试验研究了千枚岩粗颗粒散体材料强度的特性及压力对其强度的影响。试验表明：粗颗粒材料的破碎率随着压力的增大而增加,而增加速率则随着压力的增大而减小,并给出了一个用于描述压力及破碎率的关系式。提出了考虑破碎对强度影响的强度准则,该准则能描述粗颗粒材料的强度随压力的变化情况。采用该强度准则分析排土场的稳定性,其结果更加接近实际情况。而采用摩尔-库仑强度准则计算得到的排土场稳定性安全系数偏大,存在安全隐患。建议采用本文提出的强度准则分析排土场稳定性,特别是对于超高排土场的稳定性分析,更加适用该强度准则。 相似文献
20.
三峡库区侏罗系地层具有独特的软硬相间的岩性组合和结构特征,侏罗系砂泥岩软硬相间地层是该地区典型的易滑地层,是滑坡集中发育的地层之一,也是三峡库区滑坡防治工作中的重点区域。为深入研究软硬相间层状岩质边坡的稳定性,通过对理论概化模型的分析,构建了软硬相间顺层岩质边坡的参数劣化计算模型。考虑风化作用对岩体结构面抗剪强度参数劣化的影响,引入空间变异函数,提出软硬相间层状岩质边坡结构面抗剪强度参数劣化模型,导出软硬相间层状岩质边坡沿层面方向抗剪强度参数劣化的函数表达式,表征了分析点的风化影响厚度与其强度参数的一一对应关系,有利于边坡稳定性的定量分析。利用该函数表达式对沿层面方向岩体的强度参数进行劣化,利用劣化后的强度参数进行稳定性评价,得到分析点至坡面距离与该点稳定系数的对应关系曲线,并结合三峡库区边坡实例进行了验证分析,指出软硬相间层状岩质边坡岩体抗剪强度参数的劣化对其稳定性评价具有较大影响,单平面滑动的稳定分析中抗剪强度参数沿层面恒定分布的假定具有一定的局限性;若不考虑结构面抗剪强度参数的劣化,可能导致稳定性计算结果偏于不安全。 相似文献
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