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1.
黏度时变性宾汉体浆液的柱-半球形渗透注浆机制研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
浆液黏度时变性对注浆扩散范围计算值影响很大。基于宾汉体浆液的流变方程与流体黏度时变性方程,建立了黏度时变性宾汉体浆液的流变方程与渗流运动方程,并依据某些假设,推导了时变性宾汉体浆液柱-半球形渗透注浆机制及探讨了半球体部分扩散半径l1与柱体部分扩散长度m的关系：m=(2l1 /3)(2n+1)。通过设计室内注浆试验对其进行了验证,结果表明：由黏度时变性宾汉体浆液的柱-半球形渗透机制计算的半球体部分扩散半径、圆柱体部分扩散长度及注浆扩散体体积的理论值与试验测量值虽分别有15%、10%及40%左右的差异,但都处于可接受误差范围内,因而,在总体上能较好地反映黏度时变性宾汉体浆液的柱-半球形注浆渗透规律,对注浆设计、施工和理论研究等方面具有一定的参考价值与指导作用 相似文献
2.
介绍了试验研究资料绘在有关函数的坐标纸上仍然不是直线关系的找经验公式简便方法。作为实例,选择了水力学和土力学中常用的关系曲线,分别是点绘在双对数、半对数和普通方格纸上的。借该3例典型曲线叙述了求经验公式的简便方法过程,并求得相应曲线的球体潜水运动阻力系数公式、泥沙沉降速度公式、软土地基沉降固结度公式和给水度公式。 相似文献
3.
文献检索表明：目前国内外还没有一个能较准确地计算牛顿流体柱-半球面渗透注浆形式扩散参数（如半球体部分扩散半径与柱体部分扩散高度等）的理论公式,导致理论远滞后于工程应用。以牛顿流体流变方程及渗流运动方程为基础,研究了牛顿流体柱-半球面渗透注浆形式半球体部分扩散半径与柱体部分扩散高度的理论计算公式;分析了牛顿流体的流变性、注浆压力、地下水压力及配置流体的水体温度对牛顿流体柱-半球面渗透注浆形式半球体部分扩散半径与柱体部分扩散高度的影响;并设计注浆试验对其进行验证。结果表明：由牛顿流体柱-半球面渗透注浆形式半球体部分扩散半径与柱体部分扩散高度的理论公式计算得到的半球体部分扩散半径和柱体部分扩散高度理论值与注浆试验实测值间虽有30%左右的差异,但它们都处于可接受误差范围内。因此,研究成果可为实际注浆施工提供理论支撑与指导作用。 相似文献
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5.
在介绍模式分类方法的基础上,通过分析BP神经网络训练结果发现:高、低含沙水流挟沙力的变化规律有相似之处,说明挟沙规律不宜作为区别高、低含沙水流的标准,与前人的分析比较吻合;当多沙流体宾汉剪应力大于或小于某一数值组次的资料占总数的绝大多数时,这些组次训练结果与实测值符合较好,而另外组次训练结果与实测值有较大差别,这说明低含沙流体随着含沙量的增加流变方程由牛顿体向宾汉体模型转化时对应的宾汉剪应力有一个临界值。因此可将多沙流体的宾汉剪应力是否达到相应的临界值,作为区分高、低含沙水流的标准。对电木粉高含量的流体,该临界值约为3.2×10-1Pa。 相似文献
6.
脉动注浆虽已在注浆防渗加固工程中得到推广应用,但浆液在脉动压力下的渗透扩散机制却鲜有报道,导致理论远滞后于工程实践。以宾汉流体流变方程、渗流方程及颗粒沉积理论为基础,推导了脉动压力下宾汉流体的渗透扩散理论计算公式,分析了脉动注浆参数对浆液扩散距离的影响,并通过室内注浆模拟试验对其进行了验证。结果表明,脉动压力下宾汉流体渗透注浆扩散理论计算值与试验实测值间存在一定误差,但能满足工程要求,可用于指导工程施工。随着脉动注浆连续时间的增长或地层初始孔隙率的增大,浆液扩散距离随之增大,而随着脉动注浆间隔时间的增长或地层初始孔隙率的减小,浆液扩散距离随之减小,实际注浆工程中为确保有效的浆液扩散距离,宜根据岩土体孔隙率合理地调节脉动连续时间和脉动间隔时间。研究成果可为脉动注浆理论研究提供借鉴,为实际施工提供理论指导。 相似文献
7.
在后压浆过程中,普遍存在浆液沿钻孔灌注桩上升的现象。在压力作用下,浆液沿着桩土间软弱层向上运动,对桩侧土进行挤压,在使桩径扩大的同时,对桩周土进行加固。通过对后压浆作用机制进行分析,利用宾汉流体的本构方程与运动方程推导出浆液上升高度的计算公式;应用圆柱孔扩张理论,分别推导出桩周土处于弹性状态和弹塑性状态时的径向位移计算公式。计算结果与实际工程的实测结果进行对比,基本吻合。 相似文献
8.
等效水力隙宽和水力梯度对岩体裂隙网络非线性渗流特性的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
等效水力隙宽和水力梯度是影响岩体裂隙网络渗流特性的重要因素。制作裂隙网络试验模型,建立高精度渗流试验系统;求解纳维-斯托克斯方程,模拟流体在裂隙网络内的流动状态,研究等效水力隙宽和水力梯度对非线性渗流特性的影响。结果表明,当水力梯度较小时,等效渗透系数保持恒定的常数,流体流动属于达西流动区域,流量与压力具有线性关系,可采用立方定律计算流体流动;当水力梯度较大时,等效渗透系数随着水力梯度的增加而急剧减少,流体流动进入强惯性效应流动区域,流量与压力具有强烈的非线性关系,可采用Forchheimer方程计算流体流动。随着等效水力隙宽的增加,区别线性和非线性流动区域的临界水力梯度呈幂函数关系递减。当水力梯度小于临界水力梯度时,控制方程可选立方定律;当水力梯度大于临界水力梯度时,控制方程可选Forchheimer方程,其参数A和B可根据经验公式计算得到。其研究结果可为临界水力梯度的确定及流体流动控制方程的选取提供借鉴意义。 相似文献
9.
一 概述 在水文地质勘察中,计算集水井涌水量的公式,可分为,一为理论公式(如裘布依公式),一为涌水量经验公式。在采用经验公式时,首先根据抽水试验资料(一般为三次降深)确定曲线方程的类型,其次在已确定曲线方程类型的基础上,确定方程中的参数。方程类型及参数确定后,即可建立相关方程式,继而根据建立的相关方程式-经验公式,预测一定降深条件下的出水量或一定出水量条件下的降深值。本文仅就PC-1500计算机对完成前两项工作的过程介绍如下。 相似文献
10.
以黏性土为主要物源的大坝防渗体,常会因为极端温差、不均匀沉降等原因出现贯穿性裂缝进而诱发渗流破坏,水力充填和淤堵是一种经济有效的修复方法。为深入研究其修复机制,以重塑黏性土为研究对象,在土体内预制裂缝以模拟防渗体开裂,系统研究了浑水浓度、水头、渗流方向（即水平、竖直、斜向）、反滤层不均匀系数等因素对裂缝修复的影响,对裂缝修复时缝内流体的运动状态进行了判定,并基于数字图像处理技术开展了裂缝在浑水渗流作用下的演化规律研究。结果表明：在浑水渗流作用下,黏性土内裂缝修复过程可分为3个阶段,分别是过渡期（阶段1）、修复期（阶段2）和稳定期（阶段3）;裂缝修复过程会影响裂缝中流体的渗流特性,阶段1、阶段2内的流体运动规律满足Forchheimer流动,阶段3内的流体运动规律符合Darcy流,且阶段3的起点为流态转捩的临界点,可根据裂缝内流态的变化判断裂缝修复所处阶段;浑水浓度、水头、裂缝形式、反滤层不均匀系数为裂缝修复的主要影响因素,在高浓度、低水头下裂缝修复所需时间最短;裂缝修复后的渗出量Q、流速υ相比修复前均显著降低,分别降低99.83%、99.98%,而水力梯度J明显增加,增长幅度为27.9... 相似文献
11.
To investigate the movement mechanism of debris flow, a two‐dimensional, two‐phase, depth‐integrated model is introduced. The model uses Mohr‐Coulomb plasticity for the solid rheology, and the fluid stress is modeled as a Newtonian fluid. The interaction between solid and liquid phases, which plays a major role in debris flow movement, is assumed to consist of drag and buoyancy forces. The applicability of drag force formulas is discussed. Considering the complex interaction between debris flow and the bed surface, a combined friction boundary condition is imposed on the bottom, and this is also discussed. To solve the complex model equations, a numerical method with second‐order accuracy based on the finite volume method is proposed. Several numerical experiments are performed to verify the feasibilities of model and numerical schemes. Numerical results demonstrate that different solid volume fractions substantially affect debris flow movement. 相似文献
12.
This paper describes the application of a three-dimensional lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) to Newtonian and non-Newtonian (Bingham fluid in this work) flows with free surfaces. A mass tracking algorithm was incorporated to capture the free surface, whereas Papanastasiou’s modified model was used for Bingham fluids. The lattice Boltzmann method was first validated using two benchmarks: Newtonian flow through a square cross-section tube and Bingham flow through a circular cross-section tube. Afterward, the dam-break problem for the Newtonian fluid and the slump test for Bingham fluid were simulated to validate the free-surface-capturing algorithm. The numerical results were in good agreement with analytical results, as well as other simulations, thereby proving the validity and correctness of the current method. The proposed method is a promising substitute for time-consuming and costly physical experiments to solve problems encountered in geotechnical and geological engineering, such as the surge and debris flow induced by a landslide or earthquake. 相似文献
13.
介绍了境外某钾镁盐矿地层岩性及其特殊性，通过20余组钻井液现场配方试验和使用，分析了不同钻井液对不同含盐地层的溶蚀原因，经配方改进和优化，总结出了石盐层、钾石盐层、光卤石层等可溶性岩盐地层的钻井液适宜性配方，保证了该矿区含盐地层钻探护孔和取心质量，提出了钻井液改进方向。 相似文献
14.
《Geochimica et cosmochimica acta》2001,65(16):2651-2668
The naturally occurring noble gas isotopes (40Ar, 36Ar, 84Kr and 129Xe) and halogens (Cl, Br, I) have been determined simultaneously in irradiated quartz vein samples by noble gas mass spectrometry. Quartz vein samples were collected from the potassic and propylitic alteration zones of six porphyry copper deposits (PCD): Bingham Canyon, Utah; and Silverbell, Ray, Mission, Pinto Valley and Globe-Miami in Arizona. In addition, analyses of 3He/4He have been obtained from sulphide minerals hosted by the quartz veins at Silverbell, Ray, Pinto Valley and Globe-Miami.The majority of PCD fluids studied have Br/Cl and I/Cl ratios that overlap those of fluids included in mantle diamond, suggesting that the salinity had a juvenile origin. The high I/Cl (121 × 10−6 mole, M) in samples from the propylitic zone of Silverbell is attributed to the presence of sedimentary formation water.3He/4He ratios have R/Ra values in the range 0.3 to 1.72, and provide evidence for the involvement of a crustal component in addition to mantle volatiles. 40Ar/36Ar ratios vary from meteoric values of ∼317 in the propylitic zone of Bingham Canyon, and 323 in the skarn alteration of Mission up to 3225 in the potassic zone of Pinto Valley. Fluids in both the potassic and propylitic alteration zones of every deposit are a mixture of a low salinity end-member comprising meteoric water and air, and a high salinity end-member consisting of a mixed mantle and crustal fluid.The 40Ar/Cl ratio of fluid inclusions at Pinto Valley (∼10−4 M) is similar to values obtained previously for mantle fluids. The 40Ar/Cl value is two orders of magnitude lower at Bingham Canyon, where a depleted 36Ar concentration (0.2 × 10−6 cm3/g) below that of air saturated water (ASW), and a range of highly fractionated noble gas compositions (F84Kr = 13 and F129Xe = 160) indicate that boiling and pulsed fluid flow have occurred. 相似文献
15.
泥石流冲毁桥墩是桥梁在遭受泥石流冲击时的常见破坏形式。为了研究泥石流对桥墩的冲击力大小,通过调整黏土、沙、石子、水的不同含量,配置不同流变特性、不同密度的泥石流,使用所配置的原料在泥石流槽内对两种形状（圆形、方形）的桥墩缩尺模型进行冲击,综合考察了流变特性、流速、桥墩形状以及冲击力的关系。试验表明：试验配置的泥石流原料流变特性差异明显,且可以用简单的选择流变仪测得,用牛顿流体或宾汉体描述。泥石流的流速可用曼宁公式求得,而公式中的糙率系数与泥石流黏度满足幂函数关系。相同工况下,不同形状桥墩所受的冲击力差异明显,方形桥墩阻力系数普遍大于圆形桥墩。使用非牛顿流体雷诺数（Re）可以综合反映流变特性和流速,因此,圆墩的阻力系数可表达为Re的函数,而方墩则没有明显关系。为方便工程应用,可根据黏性泥石流、稀性泥石流对圆墩的阻力系数分别为2.3、0.9,对方墩分别为2.6、1.9进行选用。 相似文献
16.
A numerical simulation is presented for three-dimensional three-phase fluid flow in a deforming saturated oil reservoir. The mathematical formulation describes a fully coupled governing equation systen which consists of the equilibrium and continuity equations for three immiscible fluids flowing in a porous medium. An elastoplastic soil model, based on a Mohr–Coulomb yield surface, is used. The finite element method is applied to obtain simultaneous solutions to the governing equations where displacement and fluid pressures are the primary unknowns. The final discretized equations are solved by a direct solver using fully implicit procedures. The developed model is used to investigate the problems of three-phase fluid flow in a deforming saturated oil reservoir. 相似文献
17.
地球深部流体演化与矿石成因 总被引：26，自引：2，他引：26
文中重点讨论含矿NaClH2 O溶液在从高温、高压向低温、低压条件改变时性质变化对矿石形成过程的影响。通过对含矿NaClH2 O溶液的实验观测获得对地球深部流体性质的新认识。地球深部的NaClH2 O流体大多处于超临界态流体 ,在上升过程中经减压降温后 ,通过临界态 ,进入低于临界态的热液状态。流体在这一跨越临界态的转变过程中造成了大多数矿石的沉淀。自然界里的许多矿石是在开放流动体系和在非平衡的化学动力学过程中形成的。开放流动体系矿物与水的反应动力学实验 ,证明一些矿石可能形成于流动热液。跨越临界态这一转变过程中的矿物水反应动力学实验结果表明了反应速率的大涨落。地球深部流体在上升过程中的性质演化、流动体系和非均相反应动力学是现代矿石成因研究的 3个关键问题 相似文献
18.
《Journal of Structural Geology》1999,21(8-9):1229-1235
During the first half of the 20th century fluid inclusions have been studied in ore geology in order to determine the chemistry and physical parameters (density) of the mineralising fluids. Apart from a few pioneering works in the middle of the century, fluid inclusions were not used as structural markers before the late 1980s. During the same time, experiments as well as observations of natural samples have shown that the volume, shape and density of fluid inclusions may change when submitted to pressure–temperature conditions different from their trapping isochores.In view of these experiments, and based on natural examples from the Higher Himalaya metamorphic rocks, it is evident how fluid inclusions can be used as thermobarometric, structural and tectonic markers. Points of interest for further studies on fluid inclusions in nature and experiments are also stressed. 相似文献
19.
低温下非静水应力作用固体颗粒间流体因其参与流体—矿物反应和流体传质而在地壳岩石变形和同构造地球化学过程中起着重要作用。粒间流体的性状、粒间流体—矿物反应和粒间流体传质都与固体颗粒所受应力密切相关。流体膜是非静水应力作用下固体颗粒间流体存在的主要形式,流体膜的厚度和成分决定着究竟是流体膜中水化力、双电层排斥力,还是因双电层而引起的流体渗透压在流体膜传递应力的机制中起主导作用。应力通过改变固—液界面上固体物质的自由能而影响固—液界面反应和流体的传质,并对这一应力感生过程的热力学和动力学方程进行了推演。 相似文献
20.
In order to describe the flow behaviour of debris flows often rheologic models are used. This study introduces two novel facilities
to determine rheologic parameters of different models for debris flow material mixtures containing grain sizes larger than
to be measured in standard viscometers. The diameter of the vertically rotating flume (VRF) is 2.5 m, the rectangular cross
section has a width of 0.45 m, and the maximum rotational speed is around 30 revolutions per minute, corresponding to a mean
speed of the examined mixture of ∼4 m/s. From the measured flow parameters total boundary shear stress and corresponding shear
rate of the flowing mixture are derived. The ball measuring system (BMS) consists of a sphere that is dragged at specific
speeds across a sample of 0.5 l volume with the help of a small sphere holder. Accordingly torques due to drag exerted on
the sphere and its holder as well as corresponding speeds are measured and transformed into values of shear stress and shear
rate based on the method of Metzner and Otto. Material taken from fresh debris flow deposits in Eastern Switzerland have been
investigated with both facilities. We present results from experiments involving mixtures with different sediment concentrations
and with grain sizes up to 5 mm. Although estimated from completely different approaches the rheologic parameters of the independent
measurements are generally in reasonable agreement. 相似文献