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1.
A quasi-3D method for the analysis of single piles and pile groups is presented. The method includes an equivalent linear constitutive model for nonlinear analysis, an 8-node pile element that simulates the effects of pile volume and energy transmitting boundaries which are especially important for the analysis of high frequency loading of machine foundations. The quasi-3D formulation and equivalent linear model result in orders of magnitude decreases in computational time. The accuracy and reliability of the approximate approach was validated by comparing results with 3D analytical results from MIT and by data from field tests on single piles and pile groups from Taiwan. The computed results compared very favorably with the analytical and field test data. 相似文献
2.
扩底桩基础在承受水平风浪荷载时,基础周围的地基土表现出复杂的应力变化特性。基于有限元程序ABAQUS,针对近海风机单桩基础受力特点,分别建立扩底桩和等直径桩的有限元模型,着重分析扩底桩受风浪荷载时桩周土的应力特征,并对扩底桩和等直径桩桩周土的应力主轴旋转角度规律进行对比分析。结果表明:扩底桩在承受风浪荷载时,上部桩桩周土偏应力和主应力方向角的变化较为明显,扩底段部分桩周土受动荷载的影响较中段更为明显;随着桩周土与扩底桩距离的增加,桩周土主应力方向角旋转幅值逐渐减小,直到减小为一个较为稳定的值;扩底桩桩周土与等直径桩桩周土的主应力方向角旋转幅值变化规律有所不同。 相似文献
3.
This paper presents the results of in situ measurements during dynamic pile testing at a construction site in Louvain-la-Neuve. Main objectives are the investigation of the pile response and the free field vibrations due to low strain dynamic loading on a single cast in situ pile with a 5.5 kg hammer impact on the pile head. Whereas low strain testing is usually performed to assess the integrity of the pile as a structural member, this study focuses on both pile and ground vibrations. The pile head response and ground motions are measured with accelerometers during different blows with the impact hammer. The dynamic characteristics of the soil are determined with a SASW test. Experimental results are compared with predictions obtained with a coupled finite element–boundary element model. The computed pile head and free field response show a good correspondence with the measured response. In addition, the static stiffness of the pile estimated by means of the mobility function shows a very good agreement with the value calculated by an analytical formulation. 相似文献
4.
This paper is concerned with application of the h-adaptive finite element method to dynamic analysis of a pile in liquefiable soil considering large deformation. In finite element analysis of pile behavior in liquefiable soil during an earthquake, especially considering large deformation of liquefied ground, error due to discretization in the zone near the pile becomes very large. Our purpose was to refine the approximation of the finite element method. The updated Lagrangian formulation and a cyclic elasto-plastic model based on the kinematic hardening rule were adopted to deal with the nonlinearity of the soil. The mixed finite element and finite difference methods together with the u-p formulation and Biot's two-phase mixture theory were used. To improve the accuracy and increase the efficiency of finite element analysis, an h-adaptive scheme that included a posteriori error estimation and h-version mesh refinement was applied to the analysis. The calculated results of effective stress were smoothed locally by the extrapolation method and smoothed stress was used to calculate the L2 norm of the effective stress error in the last step of the calculation of each time increment. The mesh was refined by a fission procedure based on the indication of the error estimate As a numerical example, a soil–pile interaction system loaded cyclically was analyzed by our method. 相似文献
5.
分层液化土中桩基侧向动力反应机理的试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
饱和砂土中的桩基侧向动力响应研究一直是岩土工程界与地震工程领域关注的热点,尤其是群桩侧向动力响应机制是需要重点研究的课题之一。基于振动台试验,通过输入2种不同的波形,采用FBG光栅传感系统对饱和砂土中的单桩与群桩侧向动力响应特性和典型测试点的桩土动力p—y滞洄曲线进行研究。研究结果表明：振动初期,单桩和群桩试验孔压增长不大,随后单桩孔压迅速上升,振动后期逐渐下降至0.5,而群桩孔压则上升缓慢;单桩试验土表加速度在振动初期逐步升高后又迅速降低,且加速度放大值略大于台面加速度值,群桩试验土表加速度在振动初期逐渐升高时就达到了最大,且随着孔压比的升高,加速度没有继续放大,而是逐渐减小,直到后期与单桩试验土表加速度重合;饱和砂土液化对单桩承台加速度和位移的影响较大,群桩承台侧向动力响应对液化的敏感程度略低于单桩承台;在振动输入和承台输入相同的条件下,液化后的群桩基础比单桩基础能更好地抵抗侧向力的作用。 相似文献
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The paper presents a numerical model for the analysis of the soil–structure kinematic interaction of single piles and pile groups embedded in layered soil deposits during seismic actions. A finite element model is considered for the pile group and the soil is assumed to be a Winkler‐type medium. The pile–soil–pile interaction and the radiation problem are accounted for by means of elastodynamic Green's functions. Condensation of the problem permits a consistent and straightforward derivation of both the impedance functions and the foundation input motion, which are necessary to perform the inertial soil–structure interaction analyses. The model proposed allows calculating the internal forces induced by soil–pile and pile‐to‐pile interactions. Comparisons with data available in literature are made to study the convergence and validate the model. An application to a realistic pile foundation is given to demonstrate the potential of the model to catch the dynamic behaviour of the soil–foundation system and the stress resultants in each pile. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
7.
土-桩-框架结构非线性相互作用的精细数值模型及其验证 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
利用有限元软件ABAQUS,建立了土-桩-框架结构非线性相互作用（SSI）的二维精细有限元模型,分别采用记忆型粘塑性嵌套面模型和损伤塑性模型模拟土体和混凝土材料,采用梁单元和rebar单元模拟RC桩基及其内部纵筋,采用接触面对法模拟桩土接触效应,取得了良好的计算效果。将自由场、框架、土-桩-框架结构模型的分析结果和其它成熟的计算软件进行对比,验证了数值模型的有效性。分析发现：桩基外侧靠近承台处的土体的非线性反应很强烈,而桩基内部土体的非线性反应较小,很大程度上只是跟随群桩一起运动。由于桩土动力接触,桩顶的加速度反应可能超出上部结构,并且桩顶的加速度时程曲线上有非常明显的＂针＂状突变。随着地震动强度的增加,上部框架逐渐表现出单自由度体系的动力特征,加速度反应谱有从多个波峰退化为单一波峰的趋势。 相似文献
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针对振动台试验,采用u-p形式控制方程表述饱和砂土的动力属性,选用土的多屈服面塑性本构模型刻画饱和砂土和黏土的力学特性,引入非线性梁-柱单元模拟桩,建立试验受控条件下液化场地群桩-土强震相互作用分析的三维有限元模型,并通过试验结果验证数值建模途径与模拟方法的正确性。以实际工程中常用的2×2群桩为例,建立桩-土-桥梁结构强震反应分析三维有限元模型。基于此,针对不同群桩基础配置对液化场地群桩-土强震相互作用影响展开具体分析。对比发现,桩的数量相同时,桩排列方向与地震波输入方向平行时比垂直时桩基受力减小5%~10%,而对场地液化情况无明显影响;相同排列形式下,三桩模型中土体出现液化的时间约比双桩模型延缓5s,桩上弯矩和剪力减小33%~38%。由此可见,桩基数量增加,桩-土体系整体刚度更大,场地抗液化性能显著,桩基对上部桥梁结构的承载性能明显增强,其安全性与可靠性更高。这对实际桥梁工程抗震设计具有一定的借鉴意义。 相似文献
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IntroductionThe research on stress field interior the Earth is an either relative old or young branch of geoscience. Early in the 20th century, in order to learn the state of inner stress field, a few scholars had used simple ideal model to analyze big scale tectonic conformations and activities according to tide, gravity, rotation and inner thermal materials. So far, lots of problems on the state of the Earth stress field have not been solved completely yet. The origin of stress field, the d… 相似文献
11.
Calibration of dynamic analysis methods from field test data 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
In view of the heterogeneity of natural soil deposits and approximations made in analysis methods, in situ methods of determining soil parameters are highly desirable. The problem of interest here is the nonlinear dynamic behavior of pile foundations. It is shown in this paper that soil parameters needed for simplified dynamic analysis of a single pile may be back-calculated from the dynamic response of the pile measured in the field. A pile was excited by applying a large horizontal dynamic force at the pile-head level, and the response measured. In this paper, two different (simplified) methods of modeling the dynamic response of the pile are considered. One of the methods is based on the Winkler foundation approach, with the spring constant characterized by the so-called nonlinear p–y springs. The second method is based on the equivalent-linear finite element approach, with the nonlinearity of shear modulus and damping accounted for by employing the so-called degradation relationships. In the latter, the effect of interface nonlinearity is also considered. Starting with best estimates of soil parameters, the experimental data on the response of pile is used to fine-tune the values of the parameters, and thereby, to estimate parameters that are representative of in situ soil conditions. 相似文献
12.
结合构建的饱和土结构性动力本构模型以及通用有限元程序,以城市高架桥梁建设中常采用的单柱墩基础为原型,建立了摩擦桩-土-结构体系、端承桩-土-结构体系的有限元-无限元计算模型。分完全粘结、滑移无开裂、开裂无滑移、开裂滑移四种情况考察了桩土界面力学行为对两种系统动力反应特性的影响,得出如下结论:无论是端承桩还是摩擦桩,界面力学行为对桩截面的剪应力和桩身水平位移分布形态影响均不大。四种情况中,完全粘结时,摩擦桩在近地表处桩截面剪应力值最大,开裂滑移时最小,而端承桩则刚好相反。水平位移分布均可分为线性增大和加速非线性增大两个阶段,以近地表处为分界点,且均以开裂滑移时最大,完全粘结时最小。界面力学行为极大地改变了端承桩桩身加速度时程的分布形态,但对摩擦桩则几乎没有改变;对于不同界面力学行为,两种桩型在近地表处均出现加速度峰值,完全粘结时值最大,开裂滑移时最小。相比摩擦桩而言,界面力学行为对端承桩的影响要大的多,研究分析时应引起足够的重视。 相似文献
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当前利用改进动力Winkler模型分析基坑桩地震冲击下的受力情况,不能预防应力波的反射作用,导致其分析结果具有不全面、准确性低的缺点。本论述提出有限元数值模拟的基坑桩地震冲击下的受力分析模型,通过基坑桩小应变模型描述不同应力状态下基坑桩模量的变化,采用有限元数值模拟方法结合基坑桩小应变模型对基坑桩有限元模型进行塑造。在约束基坑桩有限元模型边界条件时,模型选择黏性阻尼器的吸收边界,使模型边界上的应力波不会遭到折射,避免运算结果出现误差。利用Newmark方法对基坑桩有限元模型进行动力时程分析,实现基坑桩在不同应力状态下的受力分析。实验结果证明:所提模型能够有效、准确的对地震冲击下的基坑应力分布、基坑桩身弯曲度、变形位移以及桩体水平位移差值对比等进行全面的分析。 相似文献
14.
人工神经元网络在公路工程震害预测方面的应用 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
本文采用人工神经网络理论，对城市公路网络中的单元路段和桥梁的震害预测进行了探讨。在闪人研究的基础上，提出了解决这一非确定性问题的一个有效的方法。对于深入研究生命线工程系统震害的规律具有普遍贩意义，从而使我们有可能避免地震造成的破坏和最大限度地减小损失，为抗震减灾提供决策依据。 相似文献
15.
The propagation of stress waves in a large-diameter pipe pile for low strain dynamic testing cannot be explained properly by traditional 1D wave theories. A new computational model is established to obtain a wave equation that can describe the dynamic response of a large-diameter thin-walled pipe pile to a transient point load during a low strain integrity test. An analytical solution in the time domain is deduced using the separation of variables and variation of constant methods. The validity of this new solution is verifi ed by an existing analytical solution under free boundary conditions. The results of this time domain solution are also compared with the results of a frequency domain solution and fi eld test data. The comparisons indicate that the new solution agrees well with the results of previous solutions. Parametric studies using the new solution with reference to a case study are also carried out. The results show that the mode number affects the accuracy of the dynamic response. A mode number greater than 10 is required to enable the calculated dynamic responses to be independent of the mode number. The dynamic response is also greatly affected by soil properties. The larger the side resistance, the smaller the displacement response and the smaller the refl ected velocity wave crest. The displacement increases as the stress waves propagate along the pile when the pile shaft is free. The incident waves of displacement and velocity responses of the pile are not the same among different points in the circumferential direction on the pile top. However, the arrival time and peak value of the pile tip refl ected waves are almost the same among different points on the pile top. 相似文献
16.
To evaluate the overall response of a structural system including its foundation and surrounding soil, an equivalent finite element model with reduced degrees of freedom using fibre theory‐based beam element was proposed. The proposed model was based on investigations of the subgrade soil reaction of a single‐layer model, and was verified for the cyclic behaviour of a laterally loaded single RC pile in terms of the load–displacement relationship, pile deformation, and soil pressures on the pile surface. Also investigated was the effect of the interfacial element between pile and soil on the behaviour of the laterally loaded pile. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
17.
Periodic pile barriers exhibit unique dynamic property, i.e., the frequency attenuation zones. When wave frequencies fall in the attenuation zones, the amplitude of the elastic waves could be reduced by the periodic pile barriers. In the present paper, out-of-plane waves propagating in two-dimensional periodic pile barriers are investigated. A novel numerical approach based on the weak form quadrature element method (WFQEM) is developed to study the effect of initial stress on the attenuation zones of the pile barriers. The proposed method is verified to be with significant advantages in both accuracy and convergence with regard to the lumped-mass method (LMM) in particular cases. The theoretical results show that the initial stress significantly alters the position and width of the attenuation zones, however, it does not affect the maximum attenuation coefficient. In addition, elastic waves propagating in periodic pile barriers with finite number of unit cells is simulated at the end of this paper. The results obtained in the present paper are very useful for the design and application of periodic pile barriers in ambient vibration reduction. 相似文献
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The paper presents a numerical model for the dynamic analysis of pile groups with inclined piles in horizontally layered soil deposits. Piles are modelled with Euler–Bernoulli beams, while the soil is supposed to be constituted by independent infinite viscoelastic horizontal layers. The pile–soil–pile interaction as well as the hysteretic and geometric damping is taken into account by means of two‐dimensional elastodynamic Green's functions. Piles cap is considered by introducing a rigid constraint; the condensation of the problem permits a consistent derivation of both the dynamic impedance matrix of the soil–foundation system and the foundation input motion. These quantities are those used to perform inertial soil–structure interaction analyses in the framework of the substructure approach. Furthermore, the model allows evaluating the kinematic stress resultants in piles resulting from waves propagating in the soil deposit, taking into account the pile–soil–pile interactions. The model validation is carried out by performing accuracy analyses and comparing results in terms of dynamic impedance functions, kinematic response parameters and pile stress resultants, with those furnished by 3D refined finite element models. To this purpose, classical elastodynamic solutions are adopted to define the soil–pile interaction problem. The model results in low computational demands without significant loss of precision, compared with more rigorous approaches or refined finite element models. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献