共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 265 毫秒
1.
全球地幔密度异常及其构造意义 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
利用扣除地形、莫霍面和核幔边界起伏影响的中长波大地水准面异常和全球地震层析成像资料,采用阻尼最小二乘方法反演计算了全球地幔6个不同层面上的密度异常分布。分析了全球密度异常与板块构造的关系,探讨了全球密度异常分布对板块运动的作用。全球地幔密度异常结果表明存在两个主要的密度异常中心：一个位于东经80°,北纬0°;另一个位于东经240°,北纬10°附近。 相似文献
2.
核幔边界（core-mantle boundary,CMB）是地球内部最重要的物理化学界面之一,地核和地幔通过核幔边界发生多种相互作用,这对地球重力场、地球自转及地磁场等都能产生重要影响。大地水准面异常是地球重力场的重要观测量,反映了地球内部的物质密度异常及界面变化等重要信息。推导了通过大地水准面异常反演核幔边界起伏的公式,利用2~4阶大地水准面异常反演了大尺度核幔边界起伏形态。结果显示,核幔边界起伏的径向幅度达±5 km、与Morelli的地震层析成像结果的幅度接近,但在形态上略有差异。以高为5 km、底边长为1 000 km的棱柱体模型模拟计算了核幔边界密度异常引起的大地水准面异常响应,结果与观测大地水准面异常比较接近。 相似文献
3.
扰动位的综合确定 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
利用地球重力场任意一种有关信息都可以描述地球重力场一定的情况。根据卫星轨道摄动观测求定的引力位球谐系数只能表示地球重力场的长波分量。大地水准面起伏是地球扰动引力场越来越丰富的有用信息，但目前用其计算的引力位系数也只是在低阶较准确。重力异常、垂线偏差、单层密度和纯重力异常都利于求定高阶位系数，其中与大地水准面起伏有关的量，如纯重力异常和单层密度，用它们计算位系数等于联合应用大地水准面和重力异常，故用其计算的位系数在低阶次精度也较好。重力异常垂直梯度是描述扰动引力场细部最有利的信息。本文给出利用各种类型观测资料计算位系数精度估计式，提出综合利用各种资料求定位系数依资料类型的谱特性赋权的方法。 相似文献
4.
长期以来,利用地面重力资料确定地球形状及其外部重力场,存在着实测资料不足的问题,尤其是海洋上的重力资料更为缺乏,而海洋面积又占整个地球的70％以上,因此确定海洋上的大地水准面和重力异常,对于研究地球形状及其外部重力场有着非常重要的作用。 相似文献
5.
物理大地测量的主要任务是研究地球形状及其外部重力场。而无论是通过求解司托克斯反问题来确定大地水准面及其重力位,还是通过莫洛琴斯基问题求解似大地水准面和实际地球重力位的过程中都需要用到一个重要的量：空间重力异常。在实际计算中往往需要格网化的重力异常,因此需要建立重力异常模型。本文主要在地球物理信息的基础上,重点论述了两种推求重力异常的方法,并探讨了利用全球重力场信息源诊断与融合技术推估重力异常模型的方法。 相似文献
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利用不同于Stokes、Molodensky等经典理论的新方法确定了30′×30′全球大地水准面。该方法充分利用了高精度地球重力场模型EGM2008、数字高程模型DTM2006.0以及全球地壳密度模型CRUST2.0。计算的30′×30′全球大地水准面与同分辨率的EGM2008大地水准面及美国、澳大利亚GPS水准数据进行了比较,结果表明,计算大地水准面与截断至360阶的30′×30′EGM2008大地水准面的精度相当,在全球范围,两者差值的标准差为2.9cm;在美国、澳大利亚区域,计算大地水准面的精度分别为28cm和14cm。 相似文献
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提出了一种基于大地水准面等位面特性的地球重力场模型优劣评价方法。通过取任一重力大地水准面为参考面,计算不同地球重力场模型在该面上的重力位标准差,以此作为不同模型相对优劣的评价指标。利用该方法对不同地球重力场模型以及同一重力场模型在不同区域的精度进行了评价。结果表明:EGM96、OSU91A模型的大地水准面高精度分别为±11.1 cm、±14.3 cm,说明EGM96要优于OSU91A,EGM2008、EIGEN-6C4模型的大地水准面高精度分别为±8.8 cm、±8.9 cm,说明该两个模型的精度相当,与已有研究结果一致,表明本文方法的有效性与适用性。进一步研究结果显示,对于全球大地水准面,EGM2008和EIGEN-6C4模型的大地水准面高精度分别为±11.3 cm和±14.1 cm,即在厘米级精度上EGM2008略优。 相似文献
11.
重力测量卫星性能不仅与轨道参数、载荷误差、数据分辨率等因素密切相关，也与反演算法有关。传统的分析方法如动力学法、短弧法等用于误差分析，不可避免将算法误差引入分析结果，使得分析结论确定性不足。为解决这一问题，提出了空域最小二乘分析法，用空域格网重力扰动数据替代重力卫星载荷数据反演地球重力场，有效避免了算法误差对于分析结果的影响。分析结果表明，重力卫星在500 km轨道高度、一次数据覆盖条件下，测量重力场最高阶数约为240阶，载荷误差为1×10-10 m·s-2·Hz-1/2水平时，测量重力场最高阶数为136阶，其累积重力异常误差为2.7 mGal，累积大地水准面误差为14 cm。要达到最优测量能力，轨道倾角通常不小于89°。为减小地球引力高频信号对于地球重力场低阶位系数估计值的影响，估计位系数最高阶数需大于240阶。 相似文献
12.
In this study, ERS-1 altimeter data over the Indian offshore have been processed for deriving marine geoid and gravity. Processing
of altimeter data involves corrections for various atmospheric and oceanographic effects, stacking and averaging of repeat
passes, cross-over correction, removal of deeper earth and bathymetric effects, spectral analyses and conversion of geoid
into free-air gravity anomaly. Methods for generation of residual geoid and free-air gravity anomaly using high resolution
ERS-1 168 day repeat altimeter data were developed. High resolution detailed geoid maps, gravity anomaly and their spectral
components have been generated over the Indian offshore using ERS-I altimeter data and ARCGIS system. A number of known megastructures
over the study area have been successfully interpreted e.g. Bombay High, Saurastra platform, 90° east ridge etc. from these
maps. 相似文献
13.
The determination of local geoid models has traditionally been carried out on land and at sea using gravity anomaly and satellite
altimetry data, while it will be aided by the data expected from satellite missions such as those from the Gravity field and
steady-state ocean circulation explorer (GOCE). To assess the performance of heterogeneous data combination to local geoid
determination, simulated data for the central Mediterranean Sea are analyzed. These data include marine and land gravity anomalies,
altimetric sea surface heights, and GOCE observations processed with the space-wise approach. A spectral analysis of the aforementioned
data shows their complementary character. GOCE data cover long wavelengths and account for the lack of such information from
gravity anomalies. This is exploited for the estimation of local covariance function models, where it is seen that models
computed with GOCE data and gravity anomaly empirical covariance functions perform better than models computed without GOCE
data. The geoid is estimated by different data combinations and the results show that GOCE data improve the solutions for
areas covered poorly with other data types, while also accounting for any long wavelength errors of the adopted reference
model that exist even when the ground gravity data are dense. At sea, the altimetric data provide the dominant geoid information.
However, the geoid accuracy is sensitive to orbit calibration errors and unmodeled sea surface topography (SST) effects. If
such effects are present, the combination of GOCE and gravity anomaly data can improve the geoid accuracy. The present work
also presents results from simulations for the recovery of the stationary SST, which show that the combination of geoid heights
obtained from a spherical harmonic geopotential model derived from GOCE with satellite altimetry data can provide SST models
with some centimeters of error. However, combining data from GOCE with gravity anomalies in a collocation approach can result
in the estimation of a higher resolution geoid, more suitable for high resolution mean dynamic SST modeling. Such simulations
can be performed toward the development and evaluation of SST recovery methods. 相似文献
14.
2009年GOCE卫星升空以后,卫星重力梯度数据参与解算的GOCE系列重力场模型已有多家研究机构相继公布。本文分别采用青藏地区的GPS/水准和重力异常实测数据对GOCE重力场模型进行了外部测试,并在重力异常验证过程中引入了一种新的滤波方法,验证结果表明在青藏地区GOCE重力场模型相比其它系列模型的优势在于中波段。同时,探讨了GOCE重力场模型与其他系列模型在青藏地区主要差异值的空间分布以及首次利用统计分析方法找出模型之间主要差异值的阶次分布,得出如下结论：模型之间的较大差异值在空间水平方向上主要分布在喜马拉雅山脉、天山等地形起伏较大的区域,在垂直方向上主要集中在岩石圈。 相似文献
15.
The geodetic boundary value problem is formulated which uses as boundary values the differences between the geopotential of
points at the surface of the continents and the potential of the geoid. These differences are computed by gravity measurements
and levelling data. In addition, the shape of the geoid over the oceans is assumed to be known from satellite altimetry and
the shape of the continents from satellite results together with three-dimensional triangulation. The boundary value problem
thus formulated is equivalent to Dirichlet's exterior problem except for the unknown potential of the geoid. This constant
is determined by an integral equation for the normal derivative of the gravitational potential which results from the first
derivative of Green's fundamental formula. The general solution, which exists, of the integral equation gives besides the
potential of the geoid the solution of the geodetic boundary value problem. In addition approximate solutions for a spherical
surface of the earth are derived. 相似文献
16.
Geoid determination using adapted reference field, seismic Moho depths and variable density contrast 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The traditional remove-restore technique for geoid computation suffers from two main drawbacks. The first is the assumption
of an isostatic hypothesis to compute the compensation masses. The second is the double consideration of the effect of the
topographic–isostatic masses within the data window through removing the reference field and the terrain reduction process.
To overcome the first disadvantage, the seismic Moho depths, representing, more or less, the actual compensating masses, have
been used with variable density anomalies computed by employing the topographic–isostatic mass balance principle. In order
to avoid the double consideration of the effect of the topographic–isostatic masses within the data window, the effect of
these masses for the used fixed data window, in terms of potential coefficients, has been subtracted from the reference field,
yielding an adapted reference field. This adapted reference field has been used for the remove–restore technique. The necessary
harmonic analysis of the topographic–isostatic potential using seismic Moho depths with variable density anomalies is given.
A wide comparison among geoids computed by the adapted reference field with both the Airy–Heiskanen isostatic model and seismic
Moho depths with variable density anomaly and a geoid computed by the traditional remove–restore technique is made. The results
show that using seismic Moho depths with variable density anomaly along with the adapted reference field gives the best relative
geoid accuracy compared to the GPS/levelling geoid.
Received: 3 October 2001 / Accepted: 20 September 2002
Correspondence to: H.A. Abd-Elmotaal 相似文献
17.
月球Airy均衡状态与月壳厚度估计 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
月球水准面异常和表面地形变化是其内部密度不均匀和各个界面的起伏变化的体现,因此利用水准面和地形之比(geoid to topography ratio,GTR)可估计月球均衡和月壳厚度。本文基于月球重力场模型SGM100h和地形模型STM359_grid-02,经过去除表面玄武岩填充和深层异常质量影响,并结合理论Airy均衡模型中GTR与参考月壳厚度的关系,计算得到了新的月壳厚度模型。该模型的月壳平均厚度为36.9 km,背面比正面平均厚约13.5 km,Apollo12/14登陆点的月壳厚度分别是28.3 km和29.1 km。在各月海盆地存在着中央较薄、四周逐渐增厚的趋势。 相似文献