共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 156 毫秒
1.
浙江省大桥坞铀矿床赋矿围岩为一套火山-侵入杂岩,锆石U-Pb定年显示该套杂岩的成岩时代为138~125 Ma。Hf同位素分析结果显示随着成岩时代变新,这些岩石中锆石εHf(t)值从约-13.0升高到约-3.0。锆石饱和温度同样表现出升高的趋势,从~749℃升高到~846℃。以上特征表明大桥坞地区火山-侵入杂岩为壳幔岩浆混合成因,且幔源物质加入的比例随成岩时代变新而增多。综合前人对赣杭构造带相山、芙蓉山和沐尘地区花岗质岩石的研究结果,发现这些岩石的全岩εNd(t)值和锆石εHf(t)值在135~112 Ma期间分别从-9.0升高到-2.0和-10.0升高到2.0,表明其成因上可能同壳幔岩浆混合有关,且随着成岩时代变新幔源岩浆的加入逐渐增多。Sr-Nd同位素模拟显示幔源岩浆加入的比例在135~112 Ma期间从0升高到~60%。由于幔源岩浆较壳源岩浆贫U和Th,前者的加入会稀释壳源岩浆中U和Th的含量,降低其铀成矿潜力。幔源物质加入越多,铀成矿潜力越低。赣杭构造带壳幔岩浆混合作用呈西弱东强的地质事实,可能是该带上铀矿床的分布呈西大东小格局的重要原因之一。因此,赣杭构造带东段找矿需关注富铀基底(花岗岩或长英质变质岩基底)与早白垩世火山岩盖层相结合的地区。 相似文献
2.
张笑天 《华东地质学院学报》2013,(Z1):114-118
为了解赣杭构造火山岩带铀成矿规律,归纳总结了前人对该成矿带的区域地质背景及典型矿床主量元素、稀土元素、氢氧同位素的研究成果,并得到以下认识:燕山晚期区内构造环境由挤压转变为拉张,是赣杭火山岩铀成矿带铀成矿作用的重要阶段;赣杭火山岩铀成矿带赋矿围岩普遍ω(SiO2)较高,属钙性岩钙碱性岩、强过铝岩石、碱性钙碱性系列,铀矿化与稀土元素富集呈强烈的正相关;赋矿主岩是壳幔混源的产物,但也有人认为成岩物质来源于硅铝壳;成矿热液的水源主要是大气降水。 相似文献
3.
黄铁心 《矿物岩石地球化学通报》1991,(3)
产于中新生代陆相火山岩中的铀矿床,在我国具有巨大的经济价值。深入研究其成岩成矿作用,是摆在我国地质工作者面前的一项刻不容缓的任务。作者通过研究提出了产铀火山岩套控矿的新见解,以深化认识和推进火山岩中铀矿找矿工作。陆相火山作用是受一定构造背景控制的壳幔物质相互作用并长期演化的结果。其物质运动的性质和特点,集中表征于侵入作用与火山作用的综合产物——火山岩套。所谓火山岩套是指时代相近,空间相迭,成因相关的深成、浅成直至表成岩浆物质的多期多相多位迭套体。如果这种火山岩套产铀或具有产铀潜力,则称为产铀火山岩套。我国产铀火山岩套主要为钙碱性火山岩,以中酸性、酸性和偏碱性岩石为主,少量基性或碱性岩石。它们形成一定的岩石组合、岩石建造,又各有不同的物质来源,大体上分别与一定的构造环境相对应。 相似文献
4.
沽源-红山子地区中生代火山作用与铀成矿关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
根据沽源-红山子地段中生代火山作用的时间,火山岩的主量元素、微量元素、稀土元素构成等特点,笔者将区内火山活动划分为早白垩世早期和早白垩世晚期两个旋回,将火山岩划分为以粗面质岩石为主的碱性系列和以流纹质岩石为主的亚碱性系列。本区中生代岩浆作用与铀成矿的关系主要表现在：（1）铀成矿受多岩浆系列共存地段控制;（2）铀成矿受晚期岩浆旋回的超浅成酸性斑岩体控制;（3）与铀成矿密切的斑岩体表现为壳幔作用的成因特点;（4）成矿火山岩表现出高硅和高钾的化学成分特点。 相似文献
5.
赣杭构造火山岩铀成矿带的石溪盆地,属中国东南大陆中生代火山岩带的一部分,盆地内出现的粗面岩具有橄榄玄粗岩系火山岩的主元素的特征.精确确定该粗面岩的地质年龄,无论对地球动力学研究还是对铀成矿的成因研究都有重要的意义.粗面岩所含锆石具有明显的振荡环带,Th/U比值高,属典型的岩浆成因锆石.锆石SHRIMP U-Pb测年结果表明,14个点的年龄变化范围较小,为132～144 Ma,加权平均年龄为（137.00±0.94） Ma,代表了火山岩的成岩年龄.根据国际最新地质年代表,侏罗纪与白垩纪的界限划在（145.5±4.0） Ma.因此,石溪组粗面岩的地质时代属早白垩世.中国东南部大规模中酸性火山活动发生在早白垩世,赣杭构造火山岩铀成矿带与碱交代有关的早期铀矿化也发生在早白垩世（120～130 Ma）.石溪盆地石溪组早白垩粗面岩的厘定,说明中酸性火山活动与幔源岩浆活动有关、早期铀矿化与碱性岩浆活动合拍. 相似文献
6.
文章论述了华东火山岩型铀矿找矿值得重视的地质问题:①铀成矿既可形成于浅源浅成低温条件,也可形成于深源深成高温或深源浅成中低温条件,在强调深源时,不是简单地认为是幔源就可以了,还必须强调壳幔作用的地质过程;②打破人为的"类型"划分,加强"铀成矿系统"的研究,更好地指导找矿;③研究基性脉体与铀成矿问题应注意构造、岩石矿物成分、成因、蚀变与成矿3大问题,注意寻找泥岩化作用强烈的破碎辉绿岩脉中的富铀矿;④火山盆地基底对铀成矿的作用主要是提供铀源,将基底对铀成矿的影响从感性认识推向理性认识,有效地指导找矿;⑤红盆与铀成矿关系可以从构造、古气候及时间分析研究中得出结论,它不仅仅是一个理论问题,而且有助于铀成矿预测;⑥隐爆角砾岩筒是铀成矿、成富矿的重要储矿构造,是华东火山岩型铀矿找矿的新领域. 相似文献
7.
对670地区铀成矿的认识 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文分析和归纳了蒙山破火山口主要地质特征及其对６７０地区铀成矿所起的控制作用，论证了赋矿火山岩为壳幔混源、以壳源为主的岩浆产物；探讨了该区铀矿的成矿物质来源、成矿物化条件及其形成过程，认为该区铀矿属富铀基底地层重熔的火山岩浆期后含铀热液成因模式，其成矿物质由重熔岩浆分异演化而来，在近地表富氧、低温、张性火山构造中沉淀成矿。 相似文献
8.
福建沙县地区早白垩世火山岩成因及构造环境分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文着重阐述了沙县地区早白垩世火山岩地球化学特征，论证了中性与酸性火山岩的成因及物质来源，认为二者为不同源岩浆演化的产物，其岩浆物质来源于壳幔混源区，为省内双峰式火两端员岩石间成因关系的分析研究提供了新的例征。 相似文献
9.
北京西山沿河城东岭台组火山岩成因及其地质意义 总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6
北京西山沿河城东岭台组火山岩由底部(第1岩性段)玄武粗安岩、下部(第2岩性段)酸性火山碎屑岩和上部(第3、4岩性段)粗面岩、流纹岩组成。根据地球化学特征,东岭台组下部第1岩性段玄武粗安岩属于碱性系列,具有Coombs成分变异趋势,上部的中、酸性岩属于高钾钙碱性;东岭台组火山岩整体具有从碱质富集的基性岩向硅饱和的中酸性岩变化的跨越式成分变异趋势。东岭台组中—基性岩是富集Ba、Sr、LREE和K的幔源原始玄武质岩浆在中等压力条件下分离结晶的产物,岩石在成岩过程中受到了下地壳物质的混染。东岭台组上部第3、4岩性段的粗面岩或英安岩依据地球化学特征分为3大类——富铝钾质粗面岩、富铝钠质粗面岩或英安岩与贫铝粗面岩或英安岩。富铝钾质粗面岩是玄武质岩浆与中地壳岩石发生熔融反应的产物;富铝钠质粗面岩或英安岩是内侵的基性岩含水熔融的产物;贫铝粗面岩或英安岩有可能由中—基性岩分异而来,成岩过程中受到围岩混染。东岭台组下部第2岩性段的酸性火山岩形成于下地壳低钾岩石在高氧逸度条件下的低程度部分熔融。东岭台组上部第3、4岩性段的酸性火山岩中的低硅端元是基性岩浆与中地壳岩石发生熔融反应的产物;高硅端元由低硅酸性火山岩分离结晶演化而来。燕山早白垩世早、中期大规模高钾钙碱性岩浆活动很可能是幔源岩浆与陆壳发生熔融反应的产物。东岭台组火山岩是早白垩世中期地壳被内侵玄武质岩浆加热,进而导致地温梯度增高的直观表征;地壳深部温度升高和部分熔融直接促使地壳发生侧向韧性流动,致使早白垩世时期的燕山地区由山地演变为高原。 相似文献
10.
华南白垩-第三纪地壳拉张与铀成矿的关系 总被引：65，自引：0，他引：65
华南是中国最重要的铀矿产区之一。按赋矿围岩的不同 ,该区主要产出花岗岩型、火山岩型和碳硅泥岩型 3类铀矿床。铀矿区都分布有比铀成矿超前形成的富铀岩石 ;铀矿床成矿热液中的水主要为大气成因地下水 ,成矿温度约为 1 2 0～ 2 5 0℃ ,成矿热液的δ1 3 C值主要为 - 4‰～ - 8‰ ,表明幔源CO2 参与了成矿作用 ;矿床的N(3 He) /N(4He)为 0 .1 0～ 2 .0 2Ra,显示成矿热液中大量幔源He的存在。这些铀矿床的成矿时代与赋矿围岩的岩性和时代无关 ,都集中在该区地壳受到强烈拉张因而断陷盆地广泛发育并伴有幔源基性岩浆活动 (基性脉岩、玄武岩 )的白垩—第三纪。研究表明 ,白垩—第三纪导致了地幔与地壳表层沟通的地壳拉张 ,把该区 3大类型的铀矿床串联成了一个有机的整体 :(1 )地壳拉张通过控制向大气成因的贫CO2 热液提供铀成矿必不可少的幔源CO2 ,而与铀成矿发生联系 ;(2 )同一机制形成的富CO2 热液浸取同一或不同铀源岩石中的铀并在不同围岩中成矿 ,形成了按赋矿围岩划分的各种矿床类型 (花岗岩型、火山岩型和碳硅泥岩型 )。 相似文献
11.
A review of the geodynamic setting of large-scale Late Mesozoic gold mineralization in the North China Craton: an association with lithospheric thinning 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
Abundant gold deposits are distributed along the margins of the North China Craton (NCC). Occurring throughout the Precambrian basement and located in or proximal to Mesozoic granitoids, these deposits show a consistent spatial–temporal association with Late Jurassic–Early Cretaceous magmatism and are characterized by quartz lode or disseminated styles of mineralization with extensive alteration of wall rock. Their ages are mainly Early Cretaceous (130–110 Ma) and constrain a very short period of metallogenesis. Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic tracers of ores, minerals and associated rocks indicate that gold and associated metals mainly were derived from multi-sources, i.e., the wall rocks (Precambrian basement and Mesozoic granites) and associated mafic rocks.Previous studies, including high surface heat flow, uplift and later basin development, slow seismic wave speeds in the upper mantle, and a change in the character of mantle xenoliths sampled by Paleozoic to Cenozoic magmas, have been used to suggest that ancient, cratonic mantle lithosphere was removed from the base of the NCC some time after the Ordovician, and replaced by younger, less refractory lithospheric mantle. The geochemistry and isotopic compositions of the mafic rocks associated with gold mineralization (130–110 Ma) indicate that they were derived from an ancient enriched lithospheric mantle source; whereas, the mafic dikes and volcanic rocks younger than 110 Ma were derived from a relatively depleted mantle source, i.e., asthenospheric mantle. According to their age and sources, relation to magmatism and geodynamic framework, the gold deposits were formed during lithospheric thinning. The removal of lithospheric mantle and the upwelling of new asthenospheric mantle induced partial melting and dehydration of the lithospheric mantle and lower crust due to an increase of temperature. The fluids derived from the lower crust were mixed with magmatic and meteoric waters, and resulted in the deposition of gold and associated metals. 相似文献
12.
《Resource Geology》2018,68(3):303-325
The Lujing uranium deposit, located in the southeastern part of the Nanling metallogenic province, is one of the representative granite‐related hydrothermal uranium deposits in South China. Basic geology, geochemistry, and geochronology of the deposit have been extensively studied. However, there is still a chronic lack of systematic research on the genesis and metallogenic process of the deposit. Thus, we recently carried out an electron microprobe and stable isotopic analysis. The main research results and progresses are as follows: Uranium minerals in this deposit include coffinite, pitchblende, and uranothorite, and small amounts of uranium exist in accessory minerals in the form of isomorphism. Coffinite, which occurs predominantly as the pseudomorphs after pitchblende, also occurs as a primary mineral and is locally formed from the remobilization of uranium from adjacent uranium‐bearing minerals. The mineralizing fluid was originally composed of a magmatic fluid generated by late Yanshanian magmatism. The high As content of pyrite in ores may reflect the addition of meteoric water, or the formation water (or both), to the magmatic hydrothermal system. The δ34S values vary from −14.4‰ to 13.9‰ (mean δ34S = −3.9‰), showing a range that is similar to nearby Cambrian metamorphic strata and Indosinian granites, indicating that these host rocks represent the source of sulfur; however, the possibility of a mantle source cannot be completely ruled out. According to our new isotopic data and recent Pb isotopic data, we conclude that the uranium in ores was derived by leaching dominantly from the uranium‐rich host rocks, especially the Cambrian metamorphic strata. The δ13CPDB values (−8.75‰ to 1.40‰; mean δ13CPDB = −5.41‰) and δ18OSMOW values (5.45–18.62‰; mean δ18O = 13.02‰) of reddish calcite from the ore‐forming stage suggest that the CO2 in the mineralizing fluids was derived predominantly from the mantle, with a small component contributed by marine carbonates. Based on these new data and previous research results, this paper proposes that uranium metallogenesis in the Lujing deposit is closely associated with mafic magmatism resulting from crustal extension during the Cretaceous to Paleogene in South China. 相似文献
13.
华南中生代花岗岩型、火山岩型、外接触带型铀矿找矿思路（I） 总被引：15，自引：7，他引：8
华南中生代铀成矿作有处于中国东部燕山期强烈火山岩浆作用、壳幔作用及流体作用时期,铀具有大规模聚集成矿的前景。因此,中生代花岗岩型、火山岩型、外接触带型铀矿找矿必须引进深源成矿理论,淡化“浅成低温活化成矿理论”,充分认识铀矿既可形成于浅源浅成条件,也能形成于深源深成高温条件及深源浅成中温条件的特点,重视早阶段（130－95Ma）铀矿化,打破以主岩类型找矿的人为界限,加强白垩纪岩浆岩体系的研究。 相似文献
14.
地幔柱成矿系统:以峨眉山地幔柱为例 总被引：40，自引：3，他引：37
地幔柱沟通了地核、地幔、地壳各个圈层之间的物质与能量交换,提供了板内构造岩浆活动及成矿作用的一种重要的动力学机制。峨眉山地幔柱是晚古生代全球最显著的地幔柱活动之一,形成了多种有重大资源经济价值的矿床类型。以峨眉山地幔柱为例,对几种典型矿床类型的产出特征及成因进行了系统分析,阐述了地幔柱成矿系统中各种成矿作用与地幔柱构造岩浆活动的关系及成矿机理。(1)通过对部分典型岩浆硫化物矿床的地质地球化学特征和矿化特征分析,揭示了峨眉山大火成岩省不同矿化特征的岩浆硫化物矿床形成于统一的地幔柱岩浆活动体系,并与峨眉山玄武岩为同源演化关系,岩浆演化过程及硫化物熔离富集过程存在的差异造成了矿化类型的变异。(2)对攀西地区4个超大型钒钛磁铁矿矿床进行了详尽的地质地球化学分析,论述了成矿岩浆的性质、与峨眉山玄武岩的关系及成岩演化过程和成矿模式,表明成矿母岩浆来自于地幔柱,但经历了较大程度的地壳混染作用,提出岩浆的多次补给混合及结晶锋面上发生的双扩散造成的液态分层导致了韵律条带矿石的形成。(3)阐述了滇黔相邻地区玄武岩型自然铜和黑铜矿铜矿化现象,指出玄武岩岩浆气液阶段的自变质作用和玄武岩构造变质热液蚀变改造作用两种方式造成铜矿化富集,岩浆气液阶段的自变质作 相似文献
15.
诸广山岩体中段鹿井地区矿床周边常有花岗斑岩脉及煌斑岩脉等晚期岩脉产出。钾长石40Ar-39Ar同位素年代学测试结果表明,花岗斑岩脉与煌斑岩脉侵位年龄分别为116.24±0.49 Ma和128.27±0.86 Ma,是早白垩世地壳伸展的岩浆响应。岩脉记录的岩浆活动时代与鹿井矿田铀成矿作用时代具有较好的对应关系。花岗斑岩脉与铀矿石均具有幔源特征,表明以花岗斑岩为代表的酸性岩浆在为铀矿化提供热源的同时可能还提供了部分成矿物质。在铀成矿作用过程中,以煌斑岩为代表的基性岩浆为铀成矿作用提供了热源、矿化剂、流体及动力条件等有利条件。 相似文献
16.
《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2016,57(5):790-808
We provide new isotope-geochronological evidence for the synchronous occurrence of Late Paleozoic basic and granitoid magmatism in western Transbaikalia; this is a strong argument for the contribution of mantle magmas to granitoid petrogenesis. The Late Paleozoic basic rocks originated from the phlogopite-garnet-bearing lherzolitic mantle, which melted under “hydration conditions.” The specific features of Late Paleozoic magmatism in western Transbaikalia were determined by the combination of the activity of a low-energy mantle plume with the final stage of the Hercynian orogeny in space and time. At the early stage of magmatism, during the formation of the Barguzin granites,the plume had only a thermal influence on the crustal rocks heated as a result of Hercynian fold-thrust deformations. The mixing of mantle basic and crustal salic magmas at different levels marked the transition from crustal to mixed (mantle-crustal) granites, which include all post-Barguzin complexes (probably, except for alkali granites). In the geologic evolution of Transbaikalia, the Late Paleozoic magmatism was postorogenic, but it was initiated and influenced by the mantle plume. 相似文献
17.
四川杨柳坪Cu—Ni—PGE富矿体的成因及意义 总被引：13，自引：1，他引：13
Cu-Ni-PGE矿床绝大多数赋存在基性超基性岩岩体内部,在成因上主要与岩浆结晶分异熔离作用有关,岩浆期后或者独立的热液对于矿床的形成往往起叠加富集的作用。但在四川杨柳坪矿区,除了一般岩浆结晶分异熔离作用形成的Cu-Ni-PGE矿体之外,新近还发现存在独立的完全由热液形成的Cu-Ni-PGE矿体,矿体赋存在基性超基性岩体之外的大理岩片岩中,与基性超基性岩没有直接的关系,矿石品位很高,而且已经成为首要的开采对象。考虑到这样的富矿体在国外文献中鲜有报道,本文介绍其地质概况及初步的研究结果。 相似文献
18.
中国东部中生代岩浆岩的时空分布及其与热液型铀矿的关系 总被引：4，自引：2，他引：2
中国东部中生代岩浆活动强烈,热液型铀矿分布广泛。空间上,自北而南可划分出大兴安岭、小兴安岭-长白山、冀北-辽西、大别山北缘、长江中下游、扬子陆块东南缘、武夷-云开、东南沿海8个火山-侵入岩带和沽源-红山子、青龙-兴城、庐枞-栖霞、赣杭、武夷山、桃山-诸广、郴州-钦州、湘中、雪峰山-摩天岭9个热液型铀成矿带以及满洲里-额尔古纳、扎兰屯、伊春、金寨、天目山5个铀成矿远景带;时间上,从早到晚可划分出250~230Ma、228~205Ma、195~175Ma、165~150Ma、145~130Ma、126~115Ma、110~100Ma、97~80Ma 8个不同时期的岩浆活动和早期深源高温、晚期浅源低温两个成矿系统,深源高温成矿系统可划分出11个矿床式,浅源低温成矿系统可划分出15个矿床式。勘查成果显示,热液型铀矿对岩浆岩的岩性岩相没有选择性,但与特定时期的岩浆岩有密切的关系,其中与花岗岩有关的热液型铀矿主要赋存在三叠纪花岗岩中,与火山岩有关的热液型铀矿主要赋存在早白垩世早期高钾钙碱性流纹岩-碱性粗面岩组合中,而且晚期高侵位小岩体或火山斑岩体的内、外接触带是有利的赋矿部位。 相似文献
19.
《Russian Geology and Geophysics》2014,55(2):153-176
The evolution of Late Paleozoic granitoid magmatism in Transbaikalia shows a general tendency for an increase in the alkalinity of successively forming intrusive complexes: from high-K calc-alkaline granites of the Barguzin complex (Angara–Vitim batholith) at the early stage through transitional from calc-alkaline to alkaline granites and quartz syenites (Zaza complex) at the intermediate stage to peralkaline granitoids (Early Kunalei complex) at the last stage. This evolution trend is complicated by the synchronous development of granitoid complexes with different sets and geochemical compositions of rocks. The compositional changes were accompanied by the decrease in the scales of granitoid magmatism occurrence with time. Crustal metaterrigenous protoliths, possibly of different compositions and ages, were the source of granitoids of the Angara–Vitim batholith. The isotopic composition of all following granitoid complexes points to their mixed mantle–crustal genesis. The mechanisms of granitoid formation are different. Some granitoids formed through the mixing of mantle and crustal magmas; others resulted from the fractional crystallization of hybrid melts; and the rest originated from the fractional crystallization of mantle products or the melting of metabasic sources with the varying but subordinate contribution of crustal protoliths. Synplutonic basic intrusions, combined dikes, and mafic inclusions, specific for the post-Barguzin granitoids, are direct geologic evidence for the synchronous occurrence of crustal and mantle magmatism. The geodynamic setting of the Late Paleozoic magmatism in the Baikal folded area is still debatable. Three possible models are proposed: (1) mantle plume impact, (2) active continental margin, and (3) postcollisional rifting. The latter model agrees with the absence of mafic rocks from the Angara–Vitim batholith structure and with the post-Barguzin age of peralkaline rocks of the Vitim province. 相似文献