共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
《岩土力学》2017,(12):3524-3531
为了更好地描述岩石材料在多种复杂应力作用下的强度状态,在已提出的双T~2强度理论基础上,建立了一种新的非线性三参数强度准则。通过与Westerly花岗岩等5种岩石材料试验数据的比较,对准则在σ_1=σ_2σ_3,σ_1σ_2=σ_3,σ_3=0、σ_10、σ_20,σ_30和σ-τ 5种复杂应力状态下的合理性和适用性进行了讨论。研究表明:待定系数A、B、C可通过简单的试验确定且具有明确的物理意义;不同岩石材料的极限应力比α和β对应不同的强度理论;非线性三参数强度准则的π平面迹线介于单剪强度理论和Mises准则、双剪强度理论之间,符合各向同性材料屈服面三轴对称和外凸的公设;理论预测曲线可反映岩石材料中主应力效应的区间性与静水压力效应,并与多种岩石材料在复杂应力状态下的强度变化趋势基本吻合。 相似文献
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饱和软黏土动力学特性循环扭剪试验研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以饱和软黏土的循环扭剪试验研究为基础,阐明不固结不排水条件下饱和软黏土的动力学特性。在循环扭剪和循环三轴两种不同试验应力状态下,通过研究不同围压和不同静、动应力组合下饱和软黏土的应力等效破坏关系和应变等效破坏关系,提出在循环荷载作用下饱和软黏土的循环破坏同样遵循Mises屈服准则,且在Mises屈服准则下,饱和软黏土的循环强度趋于不变量。循环破坏的过程可以等效为一种拟静力弹塑性循环蠕变,建立了饱和软黏土循环累积变形随静荷载、循环荷载以及循环破坏振次之间的关系式。上述结论分别从应力和变形两个方面阐述饱和软黏土的动力学特性,与试验应力状态和围压无关,可以推广到一般应力状态下。 相似文献
4.
Hoek-Brown准则在岩质边坡稳定分析中的优越性 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
介绍了最新的用于估计完整岩石或节理岩体剪切强度的半经验准则Hoek-Brown屈服准则。结合岩质边坡工程并基于强度折减法计算边坡安全系数,与等效Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则数值模拟对比,得出Hoek-Brown屈服准则采用基于应力水平的塑性流动法则,考虑了岩体结构、岩块强度、应力状态等多种因素的影响,能很好地反映岩体的非线性破坏特征及机理,符合节理岩体的变形和破坏特点。 相似文献
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Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则在岩土工程中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对Tresca屈服准则、Mises屈服准则、双剪屈服准则及Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则的屈服线、屈服应力进行分析比较,找出了各种屈服准则之间的差异。探讨Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则与其他屈服准则的关系,并确定Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则在岩土工程中的安全性及岩土体破坏时的破裂面位置与滑移线之间的关系。以亚碧罗水电站实测地应力为例,对实测地应力用不同的屈服准则进行分析,论证了Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则的安全性及剪切破裂面与滑移线的差异。 相似文献
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材料的弹性极限应力理论 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
从材料的滑移应力与静水应力的相互作用，阐明了各向同性材料在复杂应力状态下的三种弹性破坏现象。剪切屈服、脆性断裂和塑性体积屈服，并以两个极限应力准则完整地表述。作为一个例子，以平方主剪应力屈服准则为基础，构造了广义平方主剪应力准则方程组，理论结果与一些岩土类材料的实验数据相吻合。 相似文献
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平面应变条件下M-C材料屈服时的中主应力公式 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
基于Mohr-Coulomb准则,通过引入罗德角参数及Mohr-Coulomb准则平面应变等效广义Mises准则,推导了平面应变条件下材料屈服时的中主应力公式,并给出其与基于SMP准则（Spatial Mobiliaztion Piane）的平面应变中主应力公式之间的关系式。对平面应变条件下的条形地基进行了有限元数值模拟,计算结果验证了所推导的平面应变条件下M-C材料屈服时的中主应力公式的正确性,其公式为岩土体的强度和变形分析、中主应力的强度效应的进一步研究,以及Mohr-Coulomb准则的修正提供了有力的基础。 相似文献
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Mohr—Coulomb屈服准则不考虑中间主应力对材料强度的贡献,是一个保守的强度屈服准则,在近似平面应变状态下,匹配于Mohr-Coulomb屈服准则的Drucker-Prager屈服准则能给出边坡安全系数偏保守一些的估计;相对而言,Matsuoka—Nakai和Lade-Duncan屈服准则均考虑了中间主应力对土体强度的影响,在近似平面应变状态下,匹配于Matsuoka-Nakai和Lade-Duncan屈服准则的Drucker-Prager屈服准则能给出岩土类材料较为合理的破坏强度预测,土体的抗剪强度能被更有效地发挥出来,因而借助这些转化的Drucker-Prager屈服准则能给出平面应变状态下土坡安全系数较为合理和真实的预测。文中的边坡稳定算例证实了这些观点。 相似文献
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《岩土力学》2015,(9):2501-2509
应用Mohr-Coulomb、Lade-Duncan、广义Mises、Matsuoka-Nakai、AC-SMP强度准则,以及平面应变条件和相关联流动法则,建立了平面应变条件下土的强度准则。通过分析不同平面应变条件强度准则,确定最大、最小主应力比随土的内摩擦角的变化规律,分析了各强度准则的适用性。当内摩擦角小于30°时,各强度准则的差异性较小;当内摩擦角大于30°时,各强度准则的差异逐渐增大;内摩擦角较大时,广义Mises平面应变强度准则已不适用于描述土的破坏应力条件。同时,考虑黏聚力的作用,将无黏性土平面应变强度准则推广应用于黏性土,根据黄土的平面应变试验结果对各强度准则进行了初步验证,结果表明:Matsuoka-Nakai强度准则适用于描述砂土的强度,Lade-Duncan、AC-SMP强度准则可以很好地描述黄土的强度。 相似文献
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基于应变空间硅藻质软岩的软化本构模型 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
三轴试验结果表明,软岩具有显著的应变软化特征。正常固结软岩表现为峰值后较缓的软化特征,而超固结软岩峰值强度后的应力-应变曲线呈陡降软化特征。应变空间表述的弹塑性理论在解决大应变和软化问题时比应力空间表述的弹塑性理论更具有优越性。基于应变空间的基本的弹塑性本构方程式,采用Mises剪切屈服准则及相关联流动法则,导出固结不排水三轴条件下的应力-应变本构关系式,并采用不同的硬化函数表达式对软岩在不同围压下的应力-应变曲线进行数值模拟。结果表明,应变空间的弹塑性理论能较好地模拟软岩应变软化特征,其中硬化函数的确定是关键问题之一。通过研究,提出了用于固结不排水状态下正常固结软岩的硬化函数形式。 相似文献
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深部岩体处于三维应力场中受开挖扰动影响钻孔、巷道围岩处于明显的真三轴应力状态。钻孔抽采技术是煤矿广泛用于瓦斯治理的重要措施,钻孔周围塑性区是瓦斯流动的优质通道,研究钻孔围岩塑性区特性对于抽采钻孔的优化布置至关重要。为研究钻孔围岩的塑性区特性,基于广义平面应变理论分析围岩应力分布,比较几种常用强度准则（MC、Mises、D-P、MLC、SMP）的适用性和精确性,对比试验结果表明,MLC准则能较好地表征岩石的真三轴强度特性。基于MLC准则推导了围岩塑性区半径公式,分析偏应力、中间主应力、岩石内摩擦角、岩石黏聚力和钻孔半径对增透半径的影响,结果表明,增透半径随着偏应力的增大而增大,随中间主应力的增加先减小后增大,随岩石内摩擦角、岩石黏聚力的增加而逐渐减小,随钻孔半径的增加而线性增大。研究结果可为实际工程中巷道支护、煤层瓦斯抽采等技术的参数设计等提供重要参考。 相似文献
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采用研制的真三轴仪对水泥土进行等小主应力 、等中主应力参数b真三轴试验,研究中主应力参数、小主应力对水泥土应力-应变特性的影响。试验结果表明,相同?3条件下,水泥土应力-应变曲线的初始切线模量、破坏强度均随b的增大而增加,破坏时的大主应变则随b值的增大而减小;水泥土破坏强度与中主应力参数b近似呈线性关系,直线斜率随?3的增加而增大。对于相同b值,水泥土的应力-应变曲线初始切线模量、破坏强度、破坏时的大主应变均随?3的增加而增大;水泥土破坏强度与?3近似呈线性关系,且随b值的增大,线性关系更加明显。随着中主应力和?3的增大,水泥土应力-应变曲线逐渐由软化型向硬化型过渡。破坏应力比则随?3的增加和b值的增加而逐渐降低。获得了水泥土的广义Tresca准则和广义Mises准则模型参数,对比分析表明广义Tresca准则更适用于水泥土。 相似文献
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This paper presents a numerical technique for the analysis of the cone penetration test by means of the commercial finite element code ABAQUS. The von Mises yield criterion with its associated flow rule is assumed to model the plastic behaviour of elastoplastic undrained clays. An explicit finite element scheme is used to efficiently perform a large number of loading increments and to simplify the treatment of contact. An Arbitrary Langrangian–Eulerian (ALE) scheme is adopted to preserve the quality of mesh throughout the numerical simulation. A volumetric weighting algorithm adjusts the relative positions of nodes after each loading increment. This prevents mesh over distortion and allows the simulation to run continuously. The variation of the cone resistance is examined in relation to various parameters such as the in situ stress state, shaft and cone face roughness, and the material strength when steady state conditions have been reached. The trends of these variations are highlighted and compared with those found by other researchers. This technique can be extended to analyse the plastic behaviour of elastoplastic sands often modelled using either the Drucker–Prager yield criterion or a critical state model. 相似文献
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基于中主应力修正关系的边坡稳定性分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
边坡稳定性分析时通常将应力条件简化为平面应变状态,采用三轴试验强度计算出的边坡稳定性偏于保守。在充分考虑中主应力物理含义及力学机制的基础上,将Mises屈服准则与Mohr-Coulomb（简称M-C）内切圆屈服准则进行匹配,得到了平面应变条件下土体屈服破坏时中主应力的理论修正关系,进而也得到了该条件下最大主应力与最小主应力的比值关系,从理论上证明了该比值关系是与土体平面应变破坏时内摩擦角成一定关系的常数,也在平面应变试验中得到了验证,从侧面反映出中主应力理论修正关系的合理性。由上述两种关系建立了土体平面应变破坏条件下的应力路径,结合Lade-Duncan强度准则,建立了平面应变条件下强度参数与三轴试验试验条件下强度参数转换公式,由该转换公式得到的平面应变条件下的强度参数与平面应变试验实测值误差在2%左右,大幅缩小了三轴试验实测值与平面应变试验实测值的误差。在均质边坡稳定分析中分别采用常规三轴试验强度值与由公式转换得到的平面应变强度值进行计算。研究结果表明,三轴试验条件下内摩擦角为10°～20°之间时,基于两种强度参数得出的安全系数相差不大;当三轴试验条件下内摩擦角大于20°时,平面应变条件下安全系数较三轴试验条件下提高19%左右,但该成果只在文中计算案例有效,两者误差的准确关系还有待于进一步研究。值得关注的是,由于平面应变条件下土体强度变大,边坡的临界滑面深度变浅了,其形态相应变陡。 相似文献
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The plane strain condition is a common, but polyaxial stress state for geotechnical structure designs, in which the selection of an appropriate yield or failure criterion is crucial to reasonably account for the intermediate principal stress. Under plane strain condition, a unified linear yield criterion for seven commonly used geotechnical yield criteria is presented in conjunction with the inductive method. These seven yield criteria considered in this study are the Mohr–Coulomb, Tresca, Drucker–Prager, Mogi–Coulomb, Extended Matsuoka–Nakai, Extended Lade–Duncan criteria, and the Unified Strength Theory. The generalized analytical solutions for earth pressure of retaining walls, critical load of strip foundations as well as stress and displacement of circular tunnels are derived on the basis of the proposed unified yield criterion, and their respective theoretical significance is analyzed. Thereafter, the critical load of strip foundations obtained herein is compared with two numerical results from the literature. Furthermore, the effect of strength theory on result differences of the three typical geotechnical problems by simply selecting constants, which conform to different yield criteria, is explored through a parametric study. It is found that the proposed unified yield criterion is convenient for investigating analytical solutions of the aforementioned geotechnical structures. The strength theory effect due to adopting different yield criteria is considerably significant, which cannot be ignored. Additionally, recommendations are provided on how to make use of these seven yield criteria for an optimum design. 相似文献
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The undrained bearing capacity of shallow circular piles in non-homogeneous and anisotropic clay is investigated by the lower bound (LB) finite element limit analysis (FELA) under two-dimensional (2D) axisymmetric condition using second-order cone programming, and the new solution of the problem is presented. Modified from the isotropic von Mises yield criterion, a cross-anisotropic undrained strength criterion of clays under the axisymmetric state of stress requiring three input shear strengths in triaxial compression, direct simple shear, and triaxial extension is employed in the 2D axisymmetric LB FELA. Parametric studies on the effects of pile embedment ratio, dimensionless strength gradient, anisotropic strength ratio, and pile roughness are investigated extensively, while the predicted failure mechanisms associated with these parameters are discussed and compared. Numerical results of undrained end bearing capacity of shallow circular piles are summarized in the form of design tables that are useful for design practice and represent a new contribution to the field of pile capacity considering the combined effects of undrained strength non-homogeneity and anisotropy. 相似文献
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Savage-Hutter(S-H)颗粒流模型用一个只与材料参数相关的土压力系数来描述颗粒流内部的应力状态,不能很好地反映颗粒体在运动时的本构关系。通过引入颗粒体应力与速度梯度之间的关系,得到了一个能够反映颗粒流本构模型的崩塌动力学模型。另外,为解除S-H模型中对横向应力大小的假定,通过引入Von Mises、Drucker-Prager、Mohr-Coulomb和Matsuoka-Nakai等土的三维破坏准则,得到了广义摩擦系数的4种表达形式。该模型的主要优势是通过引入颗粒流的本构关系,能较好地体现颗粒流体在运动中的内在机制,并且材料强度参数简单易知。分析了由Drucker-Prager准则和Mohr-Coulomb准则所得到的材料强度参数,并探讨了广义摩擦系数与应力洛德角等物理量之间的关系。用所建议的模型来模拟颗粒流的运动过程,并将数值计算与试验结果进行对比,发现两者能够较好吻合。 相似文献
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L. Zhang 《Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering》2008,41(6):893-915
Summary Although the Hoek–Brown strength criterion has been widely used in rock mechanics and rock engineering, it does not take account
of the influence of the intermediate principal stress. Much evidence, however, has been accumulating to indicate that the
intermediate principal stress does influence the rock strength in many instances. Therefore, researchers have developed three-dimensional
(3D) versions of the Hoek–Brown strength criterion. In this paper, three existing 3D versions of the Hoek–Brown strength criterion
are reviewed and evaluated. The evaluation shows that all of the three 3D versions of the Hoek–Brown strength criterion have
limitations. To address the limitations, a generalized 3D Hoek–Brown criterion is proposed by modifying the generalized Hoek–Brown
strength criterion. The proposed 3D criterion not only inherits the advantages of the Hoek–Brown strength criterion but can
take account of the influence of the intermediate principal stress. At a 2D stress state (triaxial or biaxial), the proposed
3D criterion will simply reduce to the form of the generalized Hoek–Brown strength criterion. To validate the proposed 3D
strength criterion, polyaxial or true triaxial compression test data of intact rocks and jointed rock masses has been collected
from the published literature. Predictions of the proposed generalized 3D Hoek–Brown strength criterion are in good agreement
with the test data for a range of different rock types. The difference of the proposed generalized 3D Hoek–Brown strength
criterion from and its advantages over the existing 3D versions of the Hoek–Brown strength criterion are also discussed. It
should be noted that the proposed 3D criterion is empirical in nature because it is an extension of the 2D Hoek–Brown strength
criterion, which is empirical. Because of the non-convexity of the yield surface for a biaxial stress state, the proposed
3D criterion may have problems with some stress paths.
Correspondence: L. Zhang, Department of Civil Engineering and Engineering Mechanics, The University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona
85721, USA 相似文献