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1.
四川盆地寒武系厚度达千米,岩性从下到上依次由泥页岩-粉砂质泥岩-灰质白云岩-纯白云岩组成,其优质储层主要为中—上寒武统冼象池组的白云岩。本文通过与川东北长兴组—飞仙关组、塔河油田奥陶系白云岩对比,应用微量元素、稀土元素、碳、氧、锶同位素等分析测试结果,对四川盆地中南部寒武系白云岩特征及形成机制进行了研究。研究结果表明:四川盆地中南部寒武系白云岩具有较高的铁、锰质量分数,平均值分别为6 502.9×10~(-6)和468.3×10~(-6),较低的锶质量分数,平均值为74.0×10~(-6),较低的碳氧同位素值,δ~(13)CVPDB和δ~(18)OVPDB平均值分别为-2.38‰和-7.74‰;四川盆地中南部寒武系碳酸盐岩经历了大气淡水淋滤作用,可能为准同生白云石化或混合水白云石化作用。  相似文献   

2.
《地学前缘》2016,(5):202-220
四川盆地寒武系岩盐分布广泛,面积约20万km2,主要分布于川东南、滇东北、渝东北、黔西北和鄂西北等地。含盐层位主要为中下寒武统(寒武系第二统与第三统)。不同地区的含盐层位不同,根据含盐盆地的分布与含盐系地层,将四川盆地大致划分为两个膏盐聚集区(次盐盆地):(1)川东南次盐盆地;(2)渝东北次盐盆地。川东南次盐盆地含盐层位为下寒武统清虚洞组(寒武系第二统第四阶中上部);渝东北次盐盆地含盐层位为中寒武统覃家庙组(寒武系第三统)。前人对四川盆地在岩相古地理与找钾水化学等方面进行了较多研究,但缺少寒武系钻孔样品的碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素分析其含盐盆地的演化研究。所以本文首次选取四川盆地寒武系3个具有代表性的钻孔岩屑样品(丁山1井、临7井与建深1井),对碳酸盐岩碳氧同位素组成进行对比分析,认为四川盆地寒武系碳酸盐岩δ13 C负漂移多与海退及生物灭绝事件有关,δ13 C的正漂移则多受海侵事件影响。四川盆地寒武纪海进、海退交替较为频繁,有利于组成良好的生储盖组合而形成油气藏。四川盆地下寒武统龙王庙阶(第四阶中上部)在川东南地区环境相对封闭,蒸发作用强烈,形成以江津—泸州为沉积中心的膏盐岩沉积区。中寒武世建深1井碳酸盐岩样品的δ13 C相对临7井较高,盐度也相对较高。结合四川盆地岩相古地理研究,认为从早寒武世至中寒武世古海水的浓缩方向有由川东南次盆地向渝东北次盆地演化的趋势,该认识对该区寒武系成盐找钾提供重要的依据,对成油气条件研究也有一定的参考价值。  相似文献   

3.
本文对唐山赵各庄长山剖面寒武系与奥陶系界线上、下的地层进行了微量元素、稀土元素和碳氧同位素的综合研究,发现在寒武系与奥陶系分界处,不仅三叶虫动物群面貌有明显变化,而且几乎所有微量元素和碳、氧同位素组成均发生了不同程度的变化。依据碳、氧同位素分析,研究层段的碳酸盐岩成岩环境为海底成岩环境  相似文献   

4.
在系统考察陕、豫、鄂地区和湖北三峡剖面以后,在前人研究的基础上,对原测制的南华系-寒武系主要剖面进行了重新划分对比,提出了本区应存在南华系莲沱组,寒武系被划分的上寒武统应恢复原来的组名,不用石瓮子组代表上寒武统蜈蚣丫组和下奥陶统水田河组较为合适。因柞水地区的石瓮子组是指碳硅质板岩之上不含生物化石的镁质碳酸岩。据所采集的生物化石、遗迹化石,寒武系可以清楚的被划分为下、中、上统(含芙蓉统),并对各统之间的岩相古地理特征进行了系统地描述,为区域地层划分、省内外地层对比提供了重要的依据。  相似文献   

5.
本文对唐山赵各庄长山剖面寒武系与奥陶系界线上、下的地层进行了微量元素、稀土元素和碳氧同位素的综合研究,发现在寒武系与奥陶系分界处,不仅三叶虫动物群面貌有明显变化,而且几乎所有微量元素和碳、氧同位素组成均发生了不同程度的变化。依据碳、氧同位素分析,研究层段的碳酸直成岩环境的碳酸盐岩成岩环境为海底成岩环境。  相似文献   

6.
锶同位素地层学是化学地层学的组成部分 ,简要介绍重庆市秀山县溶溪乡罗家沟寒武系剖面海相碳酸盐的锶同位素分析结果 ,建立了该剖面的锶同位素演化曲线 ,并与 Gao及 Denison等的同期锶演化曲线作了对比 ,秀山寒武纪锶同位素演化曲线与其他两条同期曲线有较大相似性 ,据此提出了秀山寒武系剖面部分主要年代地层界线的参考意见 ,并简述了寒武纪全球海平面变化的概况。  相似文献   

7.
通过1:5万区域地质调查,对新疆北山马蹄山一带寒武系进行了古生物学、岩石学、含矿性和区域对比等方面研究.在该套地层中新发现寒武纪微古植物化石和层控型钒矿点,岩石组合以片理化岩屑砂岩、硅质岩和微晶大理岩为主.区域上钒矿多产于早寒武世早期,地层中岩石组合及含矿性不仅可与库鲁克塔格地区寒武系对比,且可与国内许多地区下寒武统钒矿层位进行对比,进一步证实该区存在下寒武统双鹰山组,对新疆北山地区寻找磷锰钒矿和铂钯矿有一定指导意义.  相似文献   

8.
赵元龙研究团队以贵州剑河交榜杷榔组剖面为依据,结合其下变马冲组及其上“清虚洞组”于2010年起进行了长达10多年的寒武系第4阶地层、层序地层、碳硫同位素等学科的研究,取得了明显的进展,建立了3个三叶虫带及1个三叶虫层位、2个疑源类组合带,初步确定首现于杷榔组底部的Oryctocerella duyunensis为第4阶首现三叶虫。疑源类、碳硫同位素等变化曲线与此基本一致。并与北格林兰Henson Gletscher地层进行了对比,将视剑河交榜杷榔组剖面为潜在的寒武系第4阶国际层型剖面及点位(GSSP),将继续进行深入研究。  相似文献   

9.
在华北陆块南部发现的下寒武统海相泥质烃源岩,有机碳含量平均高达11.2%;于酪根碳同位素等多项分析表明,生源为低等生物茵藻类,属I型有机质类型;Ro(2%~3.5%)与tmax(500~600℃)反映的成熟度已进入过成熟早期乃至晚期阶段,但仍处于生气高峰期内。对我国下寒武统烃源岩综合对比表明,华北陆块南缘下寒武统烃源岩同塔里木陆块和扬子陆块相当层位的烃源岩具有显著的相似性。综合分析认为,华北陆块南缘下寒武统烃源岩具有形成深源气、裂解气和保留早期气的现实性。该套烃源岩的发现,为我国油气勘探提出了新观念——注重海相地层、新层位——寒武系、新领域——在华北陆块周缘寻找以石炭系为主储层的和田河式气藏、以震旦系为主储层的威远式气藏。  相似文献   

10.
贵州寒武系底部碳同位素负异常的地层学和生物学意义   总被引:15,自引:3,他引:12  
贵州境内早寒武世早期几乎都是黑色页岩沉积。最近在贵州福泉英坪寒武系底部却发现了一套泥岩夹薄层灰岩,它为研究早寒武世早期海洋地球化学特征提供了条件。贵州福泉英坪前寒武系—寒武系界线附近的碳同位素强烈的负异常特征可与全球同期碳同位素进行对比,它对应于中国云南会泽小歪头山段底部、蒙古Tsagaan Oloom组顶部、西伯利亚Salarrny Gol组顶部、美国西南、伊朗、安曼、波兰、纽芬兰、英国、加拿大等地新元古代—寒武纪界线附近的强烈碳同位素负异常,它可作为划分前寒武系—寒武系界线重要依据。该剖面上碳同位素强烈负异常之下有8m厚的黑色页岩和硅质岩,在黑色页岩中发现有大量高肌虫和虫管化石,说明缺氧的黑色页岩沉积期间海洋中有大量的生物生活,但到了灰绿色泥岩和灰岩互层的碳同位素强烈负异常层段,则几乎没有生物化石。可以说缺氧事件对前寒武系—寒武系界线附近生物绝灭事件似乎没有很大的影响,而碳同位素强烈的负异常事件与前寒武系—寒武系界线附近生物大绝灭关系更为密切。  相似文献   

11.
重庆秀山寒武系锶同位素演化曲线及全球对比   总被引:15,自引:0,他引:15  
黄思静  石和等 《地质论评》2002,48(5):509-516
本文评述了国际上已有的寒武纪海相碳酸盐的锶同位素演化曲线,公布了重庆秀山寒武系海相碳酸盐的锶同位素分析结果,尽管对样品进行了成岩蚀变检测和必要的筛选,但样品仍可能不同程度地经历了成岩蚀变,锶同位素组成与地层厚度投点图显得较为离散,笔者主要利用87Sr/86Sr比值较低的样品建立的寒武纪海水的锶同位素演化曲线在长期旋回上与国际上已公布的同时代锶同位素演化曲线仍具有较好相似性和可比性,说明全球事件是海水锶同位素组成的主要控制因素,海水的87Sr/86Sr比值在盆内对比,盆间对比,以及全球对比中都具有潜在价值。根据锶同位素地层学的基本原理,笔者尝试确定了重庆秀山寒武纪剖面一些关键点的年龄,累积厚度1340m处的年龄为503-509Ma,累积厚度1950m处的年龄为496-498Ma,这对秀山寒武纪剖面下,中寒武统和中、上寒武统界线的确定具有参考价值。  相似文献   

12.
In the study of the phosphate-bearing stratum at the bottom of the Cambrian system, the authors found that there occurred carbon isotope negative anomalies in the Taozichong section phosphate-bearing stratum in Qingzhen, Guizhou Province; they can be correspondingly compared with other synsedimentary carbon isotope negative anomalies both at home and abroad. The results showed that there occurred three negative anomalies of carbon isotopes in the Neoproterozoic-Early Cambrian Taozichong Formation, indicating that the temporal palaeo-oceanographical environment changed significantly, in which there happened two times of intensive carbon isotope variation, corresponding to creature extinction. Meanwhile, it is believed that the carbon isotope negative anomalies in phosphorites were caused by the ascending water mass of ocean current with the negative carbon isotopic composition of deep-ocean hydrothermal deposits.  相似文献   

13.
塔里木盆地寒武系烃源岩的研究新进展   总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3  
塔里木盆地的勘探程度较低,下古生界不同烃源岩的特征及其展布仍是困扰地质家的重大问题。通过详细分析已钻揭的寒武系烃源岩,深入探讨了寒武系烃源岩的地球化学特征。结果表明由于不同地区寒武系烃源岩的沉积环境存在差别,因此不同地区有机质的丰度、甾萜烷的分布特征以及“三芴”组成均存在一定的差异,因此进行寒武系的油源对比时应考虑到这种差别,以提高油源对比的精度。总体来讲,寒武系烃源岩的标志性特征主要包括甾烷中的C28含量较高(>25%)、伽马蜡烷的含量较高(峰高与C31H接近,G/C31H22R>0.89)、碳同位素比值偏重(δ13C饱重于-30‰,δ13C芳接近或重于-28‰),三芳甾烷的分布特征也明显区别于中—上奥陶统烃源岩。  相似文献   

14.
寒武纪早期是地球海洋环境与生命演化的关键时期,但目前扬子东南缘深水相区的早寒武纪地层尚缺乏系统、精确 的地层对比工作。该文选取湖南省怀化地区会同钻孔剖面(深水相区) 的留茶坡组硅质岩、小烟溪组黑色页岩为研究对 象,进行了高分辨的有机碳同位素(δ13Corg) 地层对比,结果在会同剖面自下而上识别出四个正漂移(P1、P2、P3和P4) 与两个负漂移(N1和N2),结合其他剖面的生物化石记录和锆石U-Pb年龄资料,将会同剖面有机碳同位素与湖南其他 剖面,以及和云南和三峡等地浅水相区剖面的有机碳、无机碳同位素曲线进行对比,认为扬子东南缘埃迪卡拉系-寒武 系界线在湖南深水相区可放置于留茶坡组上部较大的有机碳同位素负漂移(Basal Cambrian Carbon isotope Excursion, BACE) 出现的位置,但由于钻孔深度不够,所以该负漂移未在会同剖面获得,而P1、P2和P3分别对应于寒武系的ZHUCE (ZHUjiaqing Carbon isotope Excursion,第二阶)、CARE (Cambrian Arthropod Radiation isotope Excursion,第三阶) 和MICE(MIngxinsi Carbon Isotope Excursion,第四阶) 正漂移,N1 和N2 分别对应于寒武系的SHICE (SHIyantou Carbon isotope Excursion,第二阶) 和AECE(Archaeocyathid Extinction Carbon isotope Excursion,第四阶) 负漂移,因此会同剖面留茶坡组顶部至小烟溪组底部属于寒武系第二阶,小烟溪组下部属于寒武系第三阶,而小烟溪组中-上部属于寒武系第四阶,而顶 部是否达到第四阶顶部尚无法确认。碳同位素的负漂移可能是海侵时期上升流水体将底层富含12C还原水体带至浅水地区所 致,并分别与埃迪卡拉动物群、小壳化石动物群和古杯动物的灭绝密切相关;而在生物繁盛时期,海洋初级生产力升高, 有机质埋藏增加,导致碳同位素的正漂移。  相似文献   

15.
塔里木盆地寒武系层序地层格架   总被引:16,自引:0,他引:16  
通过露头、钻测井及地震层序地层特征综合分析,建立了塔里木盆地寒武系三级层序地层格架,将寒武系划分出6个可全盆地追踪与对比的三级层序。结合反映全球海平面相对变化的全岩碳同位素旋回与反映沉积古水深相对变化的沉积旋回的对比分析,可将塔里木盆地寒武系三级层序分为主要受全球海平面变化控制形成的全球海平面层序(层序CSQ2、CSQ4、CSQ5、CSQ6)及主要受地区性构造沉降作用控制形成的构造层序(层序CSQ1、CSQ3)2类。塔北轮南地区寒武系台地边缘总体呈现由早寒武世的缓坡向中—晚寒武世的镶边台地的演变以及由西向东的进积叠置型式,推测主要与寒武纪全球海平面总体微弱下降及塔里木盆地基底沉降速率总体稳定且较小有关。  相似文献   

16.
Carbon isotope chemostratigraphy has been used for worldwide correlation of Precambrian/Cambrian (Pc/C) boundary sections, and has elucidated significant change of the carbon cycle during the rapid diversification of skeletal metazoa (i.e. the Cambrian Explosion). Nevertheless, the standard δ13C curve of the Early Cambrian has been poorly established mainly due to the lack of a continuous stratigraphic record. Here we report high-resolution δ13C chemostratigraphy of a drill core sample across the Pc/C boundary in the Three Gorge area, South China. This section extends from an uppermost Ediacaran dolostone (Dengying Fm.), through a lowermost Early Cambrian muddy limestone (Yanjiahe Fm.) to a middle Early Cambrian calcareous black shale (Shuijingtuo Fm.). As a result, we have identified two positive and two negative isotope excursions within this interval. Near the Pc/C boundary, the δ13Ccarb increases moderately from 0 to + 2‰ (positive excursion 1: P1), and then drops dramatically down to − 7‰ (negative excursion 1: N1). Subsequently, the δ13Ccarb increases continuously up to about + 5‰ at the upper part of the Nemakit–Daldynian stage. After this positive excursion, δ13Ccarb sharply decreases down to about − 9‰ (N2) just below the basal Tommotian unconformity. These continuous patterns of the δ13C shift are irrespective of lithotype, suggesting a primary origin of the record. Moreover, the obtained δ13C profile, except for the sharp excursion N2, is comparable to records of other sections within and outside of the Yangtze Platform. Hence, we conclude that the general feature of our δ13C profile best represents the global change in seawater chemistry. The minimum δ13C of the N1 (− 7‰) is slightly lower than carbon input from the mantle, thus implying an enhanced flux of 13C-depleted carbon just across the Pc/C boundary. Hence, the ocean at that time probably became anoxic, which may have affected the survival of sessile or benthic Ediacaran biota. The subsequent δ13C rise up to + 5‰ (P2) indicates an increase of primary productivity or an enhanced rate of organic carbon burial, which should have resulted in lowering pCO2 and following global cooling. This scenario accounts for the cause of the global-scale sea-level fall at the base of the Tommotian stage. The subsequent, very short-term, and exceptionally low δ13C (− 9‰) in N2 could have been associated with the release of methane from gas hydrates due to the sea-level fall. The inferred dramatic environmental changes (i.e., ocean anoxia, increasing productivity, global cooling and subsequent sea-level fall with methane release) appear to coincide with or occur just before the Cambrian Explosion. This may indicate synchronism between the environmental changes and rapid diversification of skeletal metazoa.  相似文献   

17.
We propose a detailed δ13C curve for the Vendian and Lower Cambrian (Tommotian) strata of the central Siberian Platform. Two positive carbon isotope excursions identified near the base of the Yuryakh Formation (up to 5.5) and in the lower Bilir Formation (up to 5‰) are assigned to the lowermost and middle Tommotian, respectively. This correlation is supported by paleontological data, specific 87Sr/86Sr values (0.70845-0.70856), and similar C isotope record in coeval Early Cambrian basins. The documented minor vertical oscillations (a few meters) of these isotope excursions relative to the formation boundaries in remote boreholes is presumably caused by the spatiotemporal migration of facies. A high-amplitude negative δ13C excursion (-8 to -11) in the upper Nepa Regional Stage putatively corresponds to the global Shuram-Wonoka negative carbon isotope excursion (Middle Ediacaran). Carbonates of the lower Nepa Regional Stage (Besyuryakh Formation) demonstrate positive δ13C values (up to 5) and minimum 87Sr/86Sr ratios of 0.70796-0.70832. The C and Sr isotope record of the Nepa Regional Stage provides its robust correlation with the Dal’nyaya Taiga and Zhuya Groups of the Patom Foredeep. Micropaleontological data herein reported and glacial diamictites documented at the base of the Vendian sedimentary cover both in the central Patom Foredeep and on its periphery suggest a full stratigraphic volume of the Ediacaran System in the most stratigraphically complete sections of the central Siberian Platform.  相似文献   

18.
贵州早寒武世早期黑色页岩中生物化石保存及生态学研究   总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4  
早寒武世早期黑色页岩中以前只发现少量的海绵骨针,但随着研究的深入,各类动物化石被发现。最近,贵州早寒武世早期黑色页岩中发现碳质和薄膜型化石,它们包括大量的简单线状遗迹、碳质膜状高肌虫、完整海绵动物、管虫、薄壳双壳动物、碳质膜状软舌螺以及一些圆形膜状化石等。通过对黑色页岩的粘土矿物定量和定性分析,结合地球化学特征,认为早寒武世早期小壳动物繁盛期之上有一个大型动物繁盛期,随后由于地壳拉张作用,大规模的海底热液和火山喷发作用的加强,海洋环境变成酸性环境,不利于生物生存,发生生物绝灭作用,随后海洋环境逐渐趋于碱性,大量的生物又开始繁盛。  相似文献   

19.
The upper Qigeblaq Formation (Fm) dolostones and the Yurtus Fm phosphatic cherts, black shales, limestones, and dolostones are widely distributed in the Precambrian/Cambrian transitional succession of the Aksu-Wushi area. Negative δ13C excursion above the Yurtus Fm/ Qigeblaq Fm boundary was determined in this study. The pronounced negative carbon isotope excursion occurs in the phosphatic chert layers at the bottom of the Cambrian Yurtus Fm, below which the first appearance of the Asteridium- Heh'osphaeridium-Comasphaeridium (AHC) acritarch assemblage zone. The δ13C curve of the lower part of the Yurtus Fm in the Aksu-Wushi area was found to be correlated with the early Cambrian δ13C curves of the Zhujiaqing Fm (Daibu Member), the lower part of the Yanjiahe Fm on the Yangtze Platform in China, the lower Tal Fm in India, the Sukharikha Fm in Siberia, and the upper part of the Tsagaan Oloom Fm in Mongolia through biostigraphy. The lower part of the Yurtus Fm in the Tarim Basin is at the Nemakit-Daldynian stage, and the Precambrian/Cambrian boundary of the Aksu-Wushi area may be located in the phosphatic chert unit which just below the first appearance AHC acritarch assemblage zone. The negative δ13C excursion (N1) across the Precambrian/Cambrian boundary in the studied section may have resulted from oceanic overturning and sea level rise.  相似文献   

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