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1.
地球化学省与地球化学边界 总被引：17，自引：1，他引：17
根据中国大陆各种类型壳，幔源岩石和矿石的大量铅－锶－钕同位素资料，及全球特别是东亚大陆块体广泛的同位素与元素体系对比，发展了地球化学块体划分的同位素地球化学指标和填图方法，在此基础上开展了中国大陆的大尺度铅同位素矢量填图，确定了中国大陆主要地球化学省和地球化学急变带（边界），地球化学边界的形成与板块的斜结合以及结合以后岩石圈结构调整产生的克拉通边界密切相关，地球化学边界与重力正异常梯度带，莫霍面梯度带以及正负磁异常转换带存在平行和交错两种关系，研究表明地球化学急变带控制了中国大陆90％以上的超大型金，铜，锡，银，镍，铅－锌，铀，钾盐，硼镁，磷等（33个）和10个以上的大型矿集区。地球化学省划分制约着全球油气资源分布，而地球化学边界则具体控制着克拉通边缘前陆盆地中产油气位置，陆内六级以上强破坏性的浅源地震与克拉通边界－地球化学边界关系十分密切，喀斯特溶洞奇观的出现与地球化学边界关系同样相当密切，根据铅同位素地球化学填图确定的区域背景值可以对铅污染作出快速的定量评价。 相似文献
2.
朱炳泉 《大地构造与成矿学》2008,32(4)
根据全球和中国大陆铅同位素填图资料表明,全球近96%的原油和90%的天然气分布于DUPAL异常和北半球参考线(NHRL)之间的过渡带(Δ8/4在20～45之间)。根据这一分布规律,全球还有大约2/3的过渡带油气资源还没有被发现和开发。海陆相连的华北克拉通地球化学边界则是中国大陆与渤海湾油气资源分布的重要制约因素。东海油气田则受华夏-扬子地球化学边界向海上和日本岛弧延伸线控制。南海油气田既位于DUPAL异常和北半球参考线(NHRL)之间的过渡带上,同时受华夏-印支地球化学边界在海上多变的走向所控制,因此具有找到大型油气田的条件。 相似文献
3.
认识华北与扬子克拉通太古宙时期是否属同一岩石圈块体以及大别造山带的归属对研究中国大陆早期演化历史具有重要地质意义．对新太古代斜长角闪岩和ＴＴＧ片麻岩组合样品系统的元素和同位素地球化学研究结果表明,新太古代扬子崆岭与华北陆块存在岩石圈地幔性质上的明显差异,其ＴＴＧ片麻岩的岩浆形成环境与条件也区别显著．湖北大别杂岩在一系列地球化学特征上表现出与扬子崆岭不同的特殊性,而与扬子北缘后河杂岩地球化学特征相似．崆岭斜长角闪岩、ＴＴＧ片麻岩和华北ＴＴＧ片麻岩的Ｕ,Ｔｈ元素组成特征符合其Ｐｂ同位素填图成果,但华北斜长角闪岩Ｕ,Ｔｈ元素组成特点与其Ｐｂ同位素填图成果不一致 相似文献
4.
通过对北秦岭丹凤地区早古生代花岗岩的Ｐｈ、Ｓｒ、Ｎｄ同位素地球化学特征的系统研究，结合元素地球化学特征，证明早古生代具成分极性的枣园、黄柏岔、石门花岗岩是由于秦岭群斜长角闪岩和黑云斜长片麻岩部分熔融，近俯冲带以熔体与熔体的混合、远离俯冲带是前者产生的熔体与后者熔融后的残留相以不同比例混合形成的。 相似文献
5.
通过对北秦岭丹凤地区早古生代花岗岩的Ph、Sr、Nd同位素地球化学特征的系统研究,结合元素地球化学特征,证明早古生代具成分极性的枣园、黄柏岔、石门花岗岩是由于秦岭群斜长角闪岩和黑云斜长片麻岩部分熔融,近俯冲带以熔体与熔体的混合、远离俯冲带是前者产生的熔体与后者熔融后的残留相以不同比例混合形成的。 相似文献
6.
Feldspar Pb isotopes have been widely used to trace magmatic formation and evolution processes. However, it remains unclear whether post-magmatic thermal events can affect feldspar Pb isotopic ratios. Here, the in situ Pb isotopic composition of feldspar hosted in granitic rocks (thirteen Archean and one Paleoproterozoic) from the northern Kongling terrane, Yangtze Craton, South China, is analyzed. The samples reveal a substantial variation in their Pb isotopic composition, spanning the gap between the 1.9 Ga and present-day geochrons, which indicates extensive resetting by later tectonothermal events. This resetting was interpreted to have likely resulted from Paleoproterozoic and Neoproterozoic tectonothermal events related to the assembly and breakup of the Columbia and Rodinia supercontinents. These results suggest that Pb isotopes should be used cautiously when tracing magma sources and petrogenesis in magmatic rocks that have experienced post-magmatic reworking. However, the in situ Pb isotopic composition of feldspar in ancient granitoids may also potentially be used to reveal later tectonothermal events. The extensive resetting of the Pb isotopic composition in feldspar by regional thermal events may also provide new insights into our understanding of the Pb isotope paradox. 相似文献
7.
勘查地球化学是利用元素在各种介质中的含量变化来进行找矿勘查,因此,地球化学填图是勘查地球化学的最基础性的工作,正如地质图对于地质工作的重要性一样。在利用地球化学进行找矿预测过程中,元素在不同类型岩石中背景值的变化会对预测过程产生很大的影响,在利用中国西南地区76种元素编图的数据进行成矿预测过程中,将元素分成两类:一类是岩性变化对成矿预测影响较小的元素,这类元素的各类岩石最大背景值与预测区的异常下限比值小于1,且岩石中背景值的最大值与最小值比值也较小,一般小于4。这些元素包括Hg、Cd、Sb、Au、Sn、 Mo、Ag、U、Pb、Bi、W,它们都是地球化学方法应用最有效的矿种。另一类是岩性变化对成矿预测影响较大的元素, 这类元素有Pt、Co、Cr、Cu、Ni、V、Ti等,其岩石中的最大背景值与异常下限比值大于1,且岩石中的背景值最大值与最小值的比值大于8。以Sn和Cu两种元素为例,Sn属于岩性变化影响较小的元素,西南地区的Sn矿床与Sn地球化学异常之间的对应关系很好。而Cu属于岩性影响较大的元素,西南地区的Cu矿床分布与西南地区的巨大的 Cu地球化学异常对应关系较差。对于这组元素,应采用多重分形滤波技术,压制不同背景的干扰,从中提取出矿化信息。 相似文献
8.
Continental crust and lithospheric mantle interaction beneath North China: isotopic evidence from granulite xenoliths in Hannuoba, Sino-Korean craton 总被引：40，自引：0，他引：40
Mafic granulite and pyroxenite xenoliths from Cenozoic alkaline basalts at Hannuoba, Hebei Province, North China have been selected for a systematic geochemical and Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic study, which provides a unique opportunity to explore nature of the lower crust and the interaction between the continental crust and lithospheric mantle beneath an Archean craton. The major, compatible and incompatible elements and radiogenic isotopes of these xenoliths suggest great chemical heterogeneity of the lower crust beneath the Hannuoba region. Petrological and geochemical evidences indicate a clear cumulate origin, and most likely, they are related to basaltic underplating in different geological episodes. However, the Sr–Nd–Pb isotopic compositions of the xenoliths reveal a profound enriched source signature (EM I) with some influence of EM II, which implies that some portion of pre-existing, old metasomatized subcontinental lithospheric mantle could have played an important role in their genesis. It is suggested that the interaction between continental crust and subcontinental mantle as manifested by basaltic underplating would be closely related to regional tectonic episodes and geodynamic processes in the deep part of subcontinental lithospheric mantle. 相似文献
9.
随着国家"一带一路"倡议的推进,在中国地质调查局的资助下,开展了老挝境内21万km^2的国家尺度(1:100万)地球化学填图工作,本次工作填补了老挝国家尺度地球化学填图的空白,为老挝基础地质、矿产开发、环境保护、农业生产等多个方面提供了基础地球化学保障。本次共采集老挝境内地球化学样品1905件,使用多种测试手段分析了71种元素的含量,并据此制作了这些元素的地球化学图和地球化学异常图。通过对老挝Au、Cu、Ni、Co、Mn、Zn、Ag、As、Sb、Pb、Bi和Sn的地球化学参数及其相关性的研究发现:这些元素的中位值均小于我国热带雨林区水系沉积物元素含量,而且这些元素的中位值均小于其平均值,As、Au、Bi、Pb和Sb在老挝境内的分布十分不均,元素局部富集明显。通过R型聚类分析,我们将上述元素分为Au;Cu;Ni、Co;Mn、Zn;Ag、As、Sb、Pb、Bi、Sn等5个簇群,并根据元素的地球化学分布特征及综合异常特征,在老挝划分了7个地球化学成矿远景区。 相似文献
10.
V. S. Semenov S. V. Semenov V. M. Savatenkov V. N. Dech V. A. Glebovitsky 《Geology of Ore Deposits》2017,59(8):687-706
The study of the Lukkulaisvaara layered massif from the Olang group of intrusions in northern Karelia corroborates the important role of supplementary intrusive phases of PGE mineralization. Injection and crystallization of new magma portions result in (1) the formation of potholelike depressions within intrusion and (2) a return to high-temperature olivine-bearing mineral assemblages in the mafic part of section. PGM formation is accompanied by crystallization of secondary minerals in a wide range of temperatures and pressures. To provide insight into these problems, a geochemical study of Nadezhda area has been performed and new data obtained for the distribution of isotopes in the Rb–Sr, Pb–Pb, and Sm–Nd systems. 相似文献
11.
A highly efficient, low-density sampling strategy was employed to study the geochemical expression of geological bodies and the mineral potential on the county scale in Central Norway. Soil O and C horizon samples (N = 752) were collected in Nord-Trøndelag and parts of Sør-Trøndelag, and analysed for 53 chemical elements (Ag, Al, As, Au, B, Ba, Be, Bi, Ca, Cd, Ce, Co, Cr, Cs, Cu, Fe, Ga, Ge, Hf, Hg, In, K, La, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Na, Nb, Ni, P, Pb, Pd, Pt, Rb, Re, S, Sb, Sc, Se, Sn, Sr, Ta, Te, Th, Ti, Tl, U, V, W, Y, Zn, and Zr) and Pb isotopes in an aqua regia extraction. At the sample density of one site/36 km2 the four metal deposits, which have been mined in the area within the last 50 years were all detected as geochemical anomalies. In addition, a number of new anomalies that may warrant follow-up surveys were found. In terms of geology the Grong–Olden Culmination is marked by a distinct 206Pb/207Pb isotope anomaly. Geochemical differences distinguish the most important belts of mafic metavolcanic lithologies in the area. Though the Fosdalen iron ore deposit is only marked in the soil O horizon, the C horizon outlines the more prominent anomalies of possibly economic interest. Climatic factors like the input of marine aerosols along the coast are clearly visible in the soil O horizon. Low-density geochemical mapping of two sample materials provides important complementing information for the interpretation of the geochemical variation in Nord-Trøndelag county. 相似文献
12.
总结了应用同位素地球化学填图和化学地球动力学研究东秦岭造山带的初步经验，并以较成功的实例来说明，内容包括：（１）华北和扬子克拉通幔源和壳源岩石化学和Ｎｄ、Ｐｂ同位素组成及壳幔演化差异的确定；（２）南秦岭前寒武纪基底应归属于扬子陆块构造－地球化学省的地球化学论证；（３）关于东秦岭蛇绿岩铅同位素的Ｄｕｐａｌ型特征及其同三江地区（属古特提斯范围）蛇绿岩的相似性的揭示；（４）北秦岭元古宙基底可能为古洋岛型微陆块的地球化学证据；（５）东秦岭新元古代和早古生代洋壳俯冲消减及聚汇带壳－幔再循环的地球化学证据；（６）关于陆－陆碰撞过程中杨子陆块边缘（南秦岭）俯冲于华北陆块边缘（北秦岭）之下，从碰撞型花岗质岩浆源区地球化学研究获得的直接证据。这些初步成果说明同位素填图与化学地球动力学在造山带研究中是具有重要前景的技术途径。 相似文献
13.
钦-杭结合带南段庞西垌地区Ag-Au致矿地球化学异常信息识别与提取 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
基于分形与多重分形理论的非线性化探数据处理方法及以空间加权主成分分析模型为代表的地学多源信息融合技术,为致矿地球化学异常信息的识别和提取提供了有力的工具。本文以钦-杭结合带南段庞西垌地区1∶5万水系沉积物地球化学数据为例,研究如何综合运用多重分形局部奇异性与空间加权主成分分析这两种地学信息处理方法来识别和提取致矿地球化学异常信息。首先,采用滑动窗口的方法绘制了研究区与银金矿化关系密切的五种地球化学元素Au、Ag、Cu、Pb和Zn的局部奇异性指数图以增强局部弱缓异常信息。然后,在控矿条件分析的基础上,运用北东向断裂构造这一重要控矿要素对Ag-Au成矿作用的影响范围,即距离北东向断裂的距离,作为应变量来构建用于空间加权主成分分析的空间权重系数的计算模型,以此来突显化探样品在控矿地质条件约束下的空间相关性。进而,采用空间加权主成分分析方法来得到Au、Ag、Cu、Pb和Zn多元素奇异性指数值的组合异常(第一主成分因子得分)。结果表明:综合运用多重分形局部奇异性与空间加权主成分分析方法可以有效的识别和提取Ag-Au致矿地球化学异常信息,圈定具有示矿意义的多元素组合异常区。 相似文献
14.
A combined geochemical (whole-rock elements and Sr-Nd-Pb isotopes, zircon trace elements and Hf isotopes) and geochronological (zircon U–Pb ages) study was carried out on the relatively low-grade meta-basites and meta-granitoids from Longjingguan within the central Dabie ultrahigh-pressure (UHP) metamorphic zone, east-central China. Zircon investigations indicate that the meta-basites were formed at ∼772 Ma and subsequently experienced granulite-facies metamorphism at ∼768 Ma and a later thermal overprint at ∼746 Ma, while the meta-granitoids recorded three groups of zircon ages at ca. 819 Ma, 784 Ma and 746 Ma. The meta-granitoids can be subdivided into low-Si and high-Si types, and they were derived from mid-Neoproterozoic partial melting of the Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic metamorphic basement rocks of the South China Block, respectively. These Neoproterozoic zircon ages are consistent with the protolith ages of the Dabie Triassic UHP meta-igneous rocks. In addition, the low-grade rocks have bulk-rock Pb isotope compositions overlapping with the UHP meta-igneous rocks. Therefore, the low-grade meta-basites and meta-granitoids could be interpreted as counterparts of the UHP meta-igneous rocks in this area, suggesting the same petrogenesis for their protoliths in the Neoproterozoic.Trace element patterns indicate that the low-grade rocks have better preserved their protolith compositions than their equivalent UHP rocks, and thus they are more suitable for elucidating the Neoproterozoic evolution of the northern margin of the South China Block. Zircon ages combined with geochemical features strongly suggest that the protoliths of the meta-granitoids and meta-basites were formed in a magmatic arc and a continental rifting setting, respectively. More specifically, the granitoids derived from partial melting of Neoarchean and Paleoproterozoic basement materials at ∼819 Ma in a magmatic arc setting, whereas the precursors of the meta-basites are products of a continental rifting event at about 784 to 772 Ma. The obtained results provide new geochronological and geochemical constraints for the Neoproterozoic evolution of the northern margin of the South China Block, which can further contribute to the understanding of the breakup of the supercontinent Rodinia. 相似文献
15.
达来庙岩体出露于内蒙古苏左旗北部中蒙边境一带,是二连-东乌旗晚古生代岛弧岩浆岩带的重要组成部分,对其开展研究可有效丰富对兴蒙造山带北缘构造演化的认识.野外观察、锆石U-Pb年代学、岩石地球化学及同位素地球化学研究结果表明,岩体由中部的中细粒黑云二长花岗岩和边部的中粒黑云二长花岗岩组成,岩石侵位年龄为301.2±2.1 Ma（MSWD=1.2,2σ）.岩体总体上具有富硅、贫铁、弱过铝质的特征,但中细粒花岗岩相对富钠,中粒花岗岩钾含量则明显升高.两类花岗岩均富Rb、Th、U、Pb,亏损Ba、Sr、P以及Nb、Ta等高场强元素,不过中粒花岗岩重稀土更加富集,Eu负异常也更显著.岩体具有亏损的Sr-Nd-Hf同位素组成,（87Sr/86Sr）i=0.703 6~0.707 5,εNd（t）=0.08~2.77,εHf（t）=4.70~11.50.岩石学及地球化学分析显示,达来庙岩体为幔源物质底侵形成的新生地壳部分熔融的产物,岩石成因类型为I型,但具有向A型花岗岩过渡的特征,岩体产出于造山晚期挤压隆升向陆内拉张的过渡阶段,其侵位指示了晚石炭世兴蒙造山带北缘构造应力场从挤压向拉张转变的具体时限. 相似文献
16.
Abstract Samples of volcanic rocks from the main outcrops of Devono-Dinantian series in northern Massif-Central have been studied for Sr and Nd isotopes and immobile incompatible trace elements. In addition, two intrusive bodies of dioritic composition have been dated at 365 ± 3 Ma (Aydat) and 360 ± 1 Ma (Beaumont-Huriel), using the U/Pb zircon method. Together with geochemical data, these ages show that all the studied rocks belong to the same igneous episode. Based on trace element and radiogenic isotopes (87Sr/86Sri from 0,7041 to 0,7057; εNdi from +1.5 to +5.0), the Late Devonian and Early Carboniferous igneous rocks bear distinct similarities with magmas produced in modern active margin settings. Combined with independent evidence for the occurrence of Devonian oceanic lithosphere in the northern branch of the Variscides, these geochemical affinities suggest that southward subduction of oceanic crust prevailed during the Late Devonian in northern Massif-Central. As a corollary, it appears that true continent-continent collision did not occur before Early Carboniferous times. © 2002 Éditions scientifiques et médicales Elsevier SAS. All rights reserved. 相似文献
17.
以赤峰北部地区的Pb 1/20万化探扫描资料为基础,应用地球化学块体理论与方法,对研究区内Pb的地球化学块体特征及铅矿产资源特征进行了系统研究。确定了2个规模不等的Pb地球化学块体,6个规模相对较小的Pb地球化学异常区。分析了含矿Pb地球化学块体的控制因素:燕山期中酸性侵入杂岩的接触带或接触外带是块体产出的有利部位;二叠系黄岗梁组、大石寨组及侏罗系玛尼土组、新民组和志留系上统杏树洼组等为主要块体赋存层位;北西向、北东向断裂对块体规模具有明显的控制作用。以已知矿床勘探深度1 000 m为准则,计算了块体和异常区的铅矿产资源量以及全区铅矿产资源总量,得出全区铅矿产预测资源量为1 893.53万t。划分出9个铅矿产成矿远景区,其中具有成矿前景的一级远景区3个,分别是子块体1113-1号、1411-1号、3111-1号。 相似文献
18.
Pb同位素剖面化探法在甘肃玛曲地区大水金矿深部找矿中的应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
攻深找盲是大水金矿矿山勘查的主要任务。根据Pb同位素示踪的有关理论和隐伏矿预测的方法,以甘肃玛曲大水金矿区为例,利用Pb同位素剖面化探法在大水金矿典型剖面70、72勘探线采集Pb同位素样品78个,进行成矿截止深度预测。取本区域的成矿V2截止值在22.4～234.36之间,70、72勘探线在3450m标高左右V2值分别为49.11、64.83,预测70～72勘探线深部及以西成矿截止深度在3000～3100m之间,还有400～500m的勘查空间,找矿潜力大,是今后矿区勘查的重点地段。 相似文献
19.
Geochronological, isotopic, and geochemical data from Permo-Triassic granitic gneisses and granitoids of the Colombian Central Andes 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
C.J. Vinasco U.G. Cordani H. Gonzlez M. Weber C. Pelaez 《Journal of South American Earth Sciences》2006,21(4):355
New U–Pb SHRIMP ages in zircon, Ar–Ar ages in micas and amphiboles, Nd–Sr isotopes, and major and REE geochemical analyses in granitic gneisses and granitic stocks of the Central Cordillera of Colombia indicate the presence of a collisional orogeny in Permo-Triassic times in the Northern Andes related to the construction of the Pangea supercontinent. The collision is recorded by metamorphic U–Pb SHRIMP ages in inherited zircons around 280 Ma and magmatic U–Pb SHRIMP ages in neoformed zircons around 250 Ma within syntectonic crustal granitic gneisses. Magmatic U–Pb SHRIMP and Ar–Ar Triassic ages around 228 Ma in granitic stocks indicate the presence of late tectonic magmatism related to orogenic collapse and the beginning of the breakup of the supercontinent. During this period, the Central Cordillera of Colombia would have been located between the southern United States and northern Venezuela, in the leading edge of the Gondwana supercontinent. 相似文献
20.
国际地球化学填图样品分析方法和数据对比 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
以中国和世界发达国家或地区(欧洲、北美、澳大利亚与日本)过去10年内完成的或目前正在开展的全球性或国家性地球化学填图项目为例,总结了国际地球化学样品分析技术的新进展,并以中国实验室与欧洲实验室的分析数据的对比结果,剖析国际地球化学填图样品分析技术面临的挑战。研究表明:分析组成地壳所有元素的构想已被越来越多国家性、全球性地球化学填图项目所采纳;中国是世界上唯一具有填图样品76元素分析能力的国家;高水平的分析实验室(欧洲与中国)取得的数据大部分可以实现对比,但仍有10余个元素的分析数据存在明显偏差。实现所有分析元素数据的全球可对比,应是今后国际地球化学填图样品分析技术的主要发展方向。 相似文献