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1.
辽东苏子河盆地是早白垩世形成的小型断陷盆地,盆地内发育了相对连续的陆相沉积,是研究白垩纪陆地环境及气候演化的理想地区。早白垩世晚期沉积的聂尔库组地层出露连续,沉积现象典型。通过分析聂尔库组沉积岩类型、沉积构造、古生物化石及垂向沉积序列,可识别出扇三角洲相和湖泊相,其中扇三角洲相包括扇三角洲平原亚相、扇三角洲前缘亚相和前扇三角洲亚相,湖泊相主要为滨浅湖泥砂沉积。研究表明,聂尔库组形成于断陷盆地边缘陡坡带,属于间歇性洪水控制的扇三角洲—湖泊沉积体系,经历了扇三角洲—湖泊—扇三角洲的沉积环境变化,代表了断陷湖盆由深陷扩张期—抬升收缩早期的沉积充填过程。根据沉积岩与沉积相特征,结合古生物、特殊沉积、黏土矿物及地球化学资料,认为早白垩世晚期辽东地区总体与当时全球"温室气候"的大背景相一致,处于高温干旱/潮湿的气候条件,但这种高温气候具有不均一性,存在气候波动。 相似文献
2.
塔里木盆地库车坳陷与塔西南坳陷的白垩系沉积厚度大,岩石类型多,既有碎屑岩,又有蒸发岩和碳酸盐岩。沉积相类型丰富,包括海相、海陆交互相和陆相,并以陆相碎屑岩沉积为主。库车坳陷与塔西南坳陷在早白垩世虽为分隔性的沉积盆地,但其陆相碎屑沉积具有几乎相同的特征：均以冲积沉积体系发育为主,相带分布和储层发育具有明显的相似性。对应山前断陷盆地的不对称性,冲积扇-扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲沉积体系发育在靠近山前的陡坡一侧,正常河流三角洲沉积体系发育在湖盆缓坡一侧。冲积扇-扇三角洲沉积体系由冲积扇、扇三角洲平原、扇三角洲前缘等构成,辫状河三角洲沉积体系由辫状河三角洲平原、辫状河三角洲前缘等构成。储层主要发育于扇三角洲或辫状河三角洲的辫状河道、水下分流河道及分流河口砂坝中,在库车坳陷和塔西南坳陷都形成了优质的储集岩。砂体厚度大,分布广,储集条件好。冲积沉积体系的普遍发育预示了白垩系储集岩在盆地内的分布可能是十分广泛的。近年在喀什凹陷、英吉苏凹陷相继取得的勘探成果大大拓宽了其勘探领域,白垩系正逐渐成为盆地内主要的勘探目的层之一,展现了良好的勘探前景。 相似文献
3.
根据大量的钻井和露头资料,对塔里木盆地早白垩世沉积相特征和古地理进行了研究。塔里木盆地下白垩统主要发育冲积扇-扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、氧化宽浅湖泊等3种沉积体系,包括陆相冲（洪）积扇、扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲、滨浅湖等沉积相,分布于下白垩统不同层位。塔里木盆地早白垩世主要包括塔东北和塔西南两大沉积区,总体为干旱氧化的内陆拗陷分割盆地。在塔东北沉积大区,早白垩世早期卡普沙良群沉积物受周缘4大物源区控制,为多物源的氧化宽浅湖盆环境,古地势呈“南高北低、东高西低”,盆地边缘以冲（洪）积扇、扇三角洲、辫状河三角洲相为主,盆地内部为滨浅湖亚相。早白垩世晚期巴什基奇克组沉积时期,塔里木盆地周缘进入一个新的构造活动期,古气候更加炎热干旱,氧化宽浅湖盆消失。在塔东北沉积大区,盆地受周缘4个主要物源区影响,以广泛分布的冲积扇-辫状河三角洲沉积体系占主体,盆地内部普遍为辫状河三角洲前缘-滨浅湖亚相沉积。在塔西南沉积大区,早白垩世克孜勒苏群沉积时期古地势呈“东高西低”,受北部喀什北山前和西南部古昆仑山2个物源区的控制,沉积物沿古昆仑山前呈狭长的条带状分布,沉积厚度自西向东减薄,主要是一套冲积扇-扇三角洲相和滨浅湖亚相沉积。 相似文献
4.
冀北滦平中生代陆相断陷盆地中的早白垩世九佛堂组充填发育在盆地的最上部,为内陆温暖湿润气候条件下巨厚的灰绿—灰黄色碎屑岩沉积。宏观上可分为两大岩性组合段:一段底部的冲积扇沉积体系为断陷初期产物,因侵蚀遗存较少; 扇三角洲沉积体系分别构成一段的中下部及中上部,湖泊沉积体系夹持在扇三角洲沉积体系的中间; 二段为冲积扇沉积体系。盆地发育受控于西北部的岗子—红旗镇同生断裂,形成九佛堂期敞流型断陷湖。断裂具两个活动阶段,第一阶段由冲积扇体系向扇三角洲体系演化,发育时限短,形成的湖域狭小,堆积厚度小; 第二阶段由扇三角洲体系向冲积扇体系演化,直至盆地消失,发育时限长,形成的湖域广大,堆积厚度大。此外,对该盆地九佛堂组的沿革与确立作了简介。 相似文献
5.
运用沉积体系组合，构造地层分析和岩浆热流体标志综合分析的方法，探讨了柴达木第三纪转换换裂陷盆地形成演化及动力学过程，笔者认为：柴达木第三纪盆地是以扩展裂陷为主的单型盆地，可划分为扇三角洲沉积体系，水下洪积扇－近岸浊流沉积体系，辫状河三角洲沉积体系，常态湖三角洲体系和湖泊沉积体系在湖盆演化的不同阶段，形成冲积扇－扇三角洲－滨浅湖－砾质辫状河沉积，近岸水下重力流－中深湖－扇三角洲，扇三角洲－中浅湖－河流三种湖盆充填形式。依据古构造运动界面和相应整合界面，将第三纪盆地划分为三个构造层序。分别对应于台裂陷，伸展扩张裂陷和转换坳陷三个发展过程。柴达木第三纪转换争盆地形成演化主要受控于地幔热柱的形成和衰减作用，同时喜马拉雅运动等运程应力作用对盆地的演化至关重要。 相似文献
6.
江西信江盆地白垩系沉积体系及其与丹霞地貌的关系 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
根据野外沉积层序、岩石学特征、古生物资料和地貌景观特征,本文对江西信江盆地白垩系沉积相进行了初步分析,首次探讨了沉积体系与丹霞地貌发育特征之间的内在联系。信江盆地白垩系主要发育4种沉积体系,即冲（洪）积、三角洲、湖泊和扇三角洲。早白垩世主要发育半深湖-深湖、扇三角洲相沉积,晚白垩世从盆地南缘到北缘大致为洪冲积相→辫状河流→三角洲→滨浅湖→三角洲→辫状河流→洪冲积相的展布方式。研究表明,该区丹霞地貌形成的物质基础主要是上白垩统冲积扇、辫状河相沉积产物,丹霞地貌的空间分布与盆地冲积扇、辫状河沉积相的平面展布具有较好的一致性,同时,沉积亚相、微相类型对丹霞地貌的发育起到一定的控制作用。 相似文献
7.
周口坳陷早白垩世主要发育冲积扇相、河流相、湖泊相、扇三角洲相和三角洲相等类型，其中谭庄－沈丘凹陷沉积相带呈东西向狭长展布，是一个典型的断陷盆地．本文在讨论了湖盆的物源、古地形、古水流、水介质条件及古气候条件的基础上，提出了早白垩世时周口坳陷的沉积格局。 相似文献
8.
通过大量钻井和露头资料的沉积学研究,确认了白垩纪—古近纪三水盆地存在冲积扇、扇三角洲、河流(辫状河)、三角洲、湖泊五大沉积体系,并详细描述了它们的特征和时空分布规律。根据五大沉积体系在纵向上的叠置关系,把三水盆地分为①早白垩世底部粗碎屑进积阶段;②晚白垩世初始湖泛阶段;③古新世—早始新世湖泊细碎屑加积阶段:④中始新世—晚始新世顶部粗碎屑填积阶段。最后,根据沉积演化过程中的生储盖匹配关系,指出盆地西部宝月地区为最有利的油气勘探区块,最有利的层位为古近系怖心组,最有利的沉积体系为发育在怖心组大岗段之上的冲积扇、扇三角洲和三角洲。 相似文献
9.
蒙甘青地区早白垩世原型盆地特征及其对烃源岩分布的控制 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
岩相古地理图可以大体反映盆地形成时的盆山格局和原始沉积特征。蒙甘青地区早白垩世岩相古地理图揭示了研究区在早白垩世发育了众多大小不一的沉积盆地群。由于早白垩世研究区处于伸展构造环境,这些盆地群构造性质多为拉张断陷盆地,普遍接受了下白垩统湖相—河流相沉积。早白垩世的沉积环境及岩相古地理条件有利于油气的形成,烃源岩主要分布在北祁连—阿拉善裂谷断陷盆地群中的次一级断陷中。烃源岩岩性为一套湖相的深灰色、灰黑色含钙质泥岩,明显受（浅湖—半深湖—深）湖相沉积体系的控制。此外,该区烃源岩的分布还受早白垩世“南干北湿”的气候带所控制。 相似文献
10.
通过大量钻井和露头资料的沉积学研究,确认了白垩纪-古近纪三水盆地存在冲积扇、扇三角洲、河流(辫状河)、三角洲、湖泊五大沉积体系,并详细描述了它们的特征和时空分布规律.根据五大沉积体系在纵向上的叠置关系,把三水盆地分为①早白垩世底部粗碎屑进积阶段;②晚白垩世初始湖泛阶段;③古新世-早始新世湖泊细碎屑加积阶段:④中始新世-晚始新世顶部粗碎屑填积阶段.最后,根据沉积演化过程中的生储盖匹配关系,指出盆地西部宝月地区为最有利的油气勘探区块,最有利的层位为古近系怖心组,最有利的沉积体系为发育在怖心组大岗段之上的冲积扇、扇三角洲和三角洲. 相似文献
11.
Emily Keeble David I. Whiteside Michael J. Benton 《Proceedings of the Geologists' Association. Geologists' Association》2018,129(2):99-119
Pant-y-ffynnon Quarry in South Wales yielded a rich cache of fossils in the early 1950s, including articulated specimens of new species (the small sauropodomorph dinosaur Pantydraco caducus and the crocodylomorph Terrestrisuchus gracilis), but no substantial study of the wider fauna of the Pant-y-ffynnon fissure systems has been published. Here, our overview of existing specimens, a few described but mostly undescribed, as well as freshly processed material, provides a comprehensive picture of the Pant-y-ffynnon palaeo-island of the Late Triassic. This was an island with a relatively impoverished fauna dominated by small clevosaurs (rhynchocephalians), including a new species, Clevosaurus cambrica, described here from a partially articulated specimen and isolated bones. The new species has a dental morphology that is intermediate between the Late Triassic Clevosaurus hudsoni, from Cromhall Quarry to the east, and the younger C. convallis from Pant Quarry to the west, suggesting adaptive radiation of clevosaurs in the palaeo-archipelago. The larger reptiles on the palaeo-island do not exceed 1.5?m in length, including a small carnivorous crocodylomorph, Terrestrisuchus, and a possible example of insular dwarfism in the basal dinosaur Pantydraco. 相似文献
12.
Gilles Serge Odin 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(6):409-414
Lithostratigraphy, physicochemical stratigraphy, biostratigraphy, and geochronology of the 77–70 Ma old series bracketing the Campanian–Maastrichtian boundary have been investigated by 70 experts. For the first time, direct relationships between macro- and microfossils have been established, as well as direct and indirect relationships between chemo-physical and biostratigraphical tools. A combination of criteria for selecting the boundary level, duration estimates, uncertainties on durations and on the location of biohorizons have been considered; new chronostratigraphic units are proposed. The geological site at Tercis is accepted by the Commission on Stratigraphy as the international reference for the stratigraphy of the studied interval. To cite this article: G.S. Odin, C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 409–414. 相似文献
13.
The effect of water on accessory phase solubility in subaluminous and peralkaline granitic melts 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The solubilities of columbite, tantalite, wolframite, rutile, zircon and hafnon were determined as a function of the water contents in peralkaline and subaluminous granite melts. All experiments were conducted at 1035 °C and 2 kbar and the water contents of the melts ranged from nominally dry to approximately 6 wt.% H2O. Accessory phase solubilities are not affected by the water content of the peralkaline melt. By contrast, solubilities are affected by the water content of the subaluminous melt, where the solubilities of all the accessory phases examined increase with the water content of the melt, up to 2 wt.% H2O. At higher water contents, solubilities are nearly constant. It can be concluded that water is not an important control of accessory phase solubility, although the water content will affect diffusivities of components in the melt, thus whether or not accessory phases will be present as restite material. The solubility behaviour in the subaluminous and peralkaline melts supports previous spectroscopic studies, which have observed differences in the coordination of high field strength elements in dry vs. wet subaluminous granitic glasses, but not for peralkaline granitic glasses. Lastly, the fact that wolframite solubility increases with increasing water content in the subaluminous melt suggests that tungsten dissolved as a hexavalent species. 相似文献
14.
Emmanuel Skourtsos Daniel Vachard Alexandra Zambetakis-Lekkas Rossana Martini Louisette Zaninetti 《Comptes Rendus Geoscience》2002,334(12):925-931
Some olistolites reworked in a Tertiary flysch of Mount Parnon (Peloponnesus, Greece) exhibit a Late Permian assemblage, dominated by Paradunbarula (Shindella) shindensis, Hemigordiopsis cf. luquensis and Colaniella aff. minima. This association corresponds to the Late Wuchiapingian (=Late Dzhulfian), a substage whose algae and foraminifera are generally little known. Contemporaneous limestones crop out in the middle part of the Episkopi Formation in Hydra, but they are rather commonly reworked in Mesozoic and Cainozoic sequences. The palaeobiogeographical affinities shared by the foraminiferal markers of Greece, southeastern Pamir, and southern China, are very strong (up to the specific level), and are congruent with the Pangea B reconstructions. To cite this article: E. Skourtsos et al., C. R. Geoscience 334 (2002) 925–931. 相似文献
15.
正20141596 Liu Yunhuan(School of Earth Sciences and Resources,Chang’an University,Xi’an 710054,China);Shao Tiequan Early Cambrian Quadrapyrgites Fossils of Xixiang Boita in Southern Shaanxi Province(Journal of Earth Sciences and Environment,ISSN1672-6561,CN61-1423/P,35(3),2013,p.39-43,3 illus.,20 refs.) 相似文献
16.
正20141719 Chen Zhijun(State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan 430074,China);Chen Jianguo Automated Batch Mapping Solution for Serial Maps:A Case Study of Exploration Geochemistry Maps(Journal of Geology,ISSN1674-3636,CN32-1796/P,37(3),2013,p.456-464,2 illus.,2 tables,10 refs.) 相似文献
17.
正20140962 Chen Fenning(Xi’an Institute of Geology and Mineral Resources,Xi’an710054,China);Chen Ruiming Late Miocene-Early Pleistocene Ostracoda Fauna of Gyirong Basin,Southern Tibet(Acta Geologica Sinica,ISSN0001-5717,CN11-1951/P,87(6),2013,p.872-886,6illus.,56refs.) 相似文献
18.
正1.IGNEOUS PETROLOGY20142008Cai Jinhui(Wuhan Center,China Geological Survey,Wuhan 430205,China);Liu Wei Zircon U-Pb Geochronology and Mineralization Significance of Granodiorites from Fuzichong Pb-Zn Deposit,Guangxi,South China(Geology and Mineral Resources of South China,ISSN1007-3701,CN42-1417/P,29(4),2013,p.271-281,7illus., 相似文献
19.
正20141205Cheng Weiming(State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environmental Information System,Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research,CAS,Beijing 100101,China);Xia Yao Regional Hazard Assessment of Disaster Environment for Debris Flows:Taking Jundu Mountain,Beijing as an 相似文献
20.
正20141266Fan Chaoyan(Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources and Geological Processes,Guangzhou 510275,China);Wang Zhenghai On Error Analysis and Correction Method of Measured Strata Section with Wire Projection Method(Journal of 相似文献