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雅鲁藏布江缝合带及藏南地区硅质岩微组构特征及其地质意义 总被引：10，自引：1，他引：10
在雅鲁藏布江缝合带及藏南地区产出红、绿、黑、褐等多色调的中生代硅质岩.石英是它们的主要矿物,但不同样品的石英晶体微形貌各有特征,X衍射和红外吸收光谱特征表现出细微差别.夏鲁和彭错林分别作为生物成因和热水成因硅质岩的代表,它们在矿物演化路径、石英晶体微形貌和集合体微结构存在差异,为利用微组构区分不同成因硅质岩提供了参考依据.在夏鲁硅质岩中生物化石残骸内存在方英石和玉髓,为反演生物成因硅质岩的矿物演变序列提供了很好的证据.硅质岩成岩过程中微组构演变和元素迁移具有良好的对应关系.石英在重结晶过程中对杂质元素的剔除作用是促使某些微量元素产生富集的重要机制.从微组构角度切入硅质岩研究是一种新的研究思路,它综合运用微区微束手段对硅质岩的微观组构特征进行测试,进而探讨微观组构信息所指示的地质意义.结果对探讨硅质岩的成因、演化和藏南地区硅质岩容矿型Au-Sb-Cs矿床的成矿机理具有重要的指导作用. 相似文献
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甘肃北山地区红山铁矿区硅质岩与铁矿体紧密伴生,且有些硅质岩本身就是铁矿石。常量元素分析表明:硅质岩普遍具有高Si、高Fe、低Al特征,K2O含量普遍高于Na2O,且Fe/Ti值为57.14～218.74,(Fe+Mn)/Ti值为57.54～224.16,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值为0.05～0.14,均符合热水沉积硅质岩的特征,但存在少量陆源物质介入。稀土微量元素分析表明:硅质岩大部分微量元素相对于克拉克值亏损,稀土元素总量低,经北美页岩标准化后,Ce异常明显或微明显,Eu呈现明显的正异常,重稀土相对轻稀土富集;δCe值为0.93～1.05,平均为0.99;La/Ce值为0.43～0.49,平均为0.44,更接近于大陆边缘硅质岩的特征。综合以上地球化学特征,硅质岩具有明显的热水沉积成因属性,同时有陆源组分的加入,进而得出红山铁矿为与热水沉积成因有关的铁矿床,当时形成环境为大陆边缘环境。 相似文献
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放射虫硅质岩为蛇绿岩的上覆沉积盖层,其地球化学特征可以帮助探讨蛇绿岩的形成环境和沉积盆地的构造-古地理演化。对狮泉河—永珠—嘉黎构造带西段古昌蛇绿岩中的硅质岩进行了详细的地球化学分析,并与拉果错和果芒错硅质岩进行了对比研究,以探讨它们的成因及沉积环境。古昌硅质岩SiO2含量较低,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值为0.87~0.95,为非热液成因硅质岩,稀土配分模式整体为轻稀土略亏损的左倾曲线,具有明显的负Eu异常,基本无Ce异常,Y/Ho比值为21~24,Ti/V比值为220.67~862.02,V/Y比值为0.05~0.29,沉积于大陆边缘环境。对比分析发现,拉果错硅质岩具有与古昌硅质岩相似的特征,而果芒错硅质岩显示了一定大洋盆地硅质岩的特征,并且受到轻微热液作用影响,可能形成于一个更加成熟开阔的洋盆之中。综合蛇绿岩其他端员的研究成果,狮泉河—永珠—嘉黎构造带中西段可能代表了一个靠近大陆边缘的古洋盆,东部果芒错地区发育较为开阔,往西洋盆规模逐渐变小。 相似文献
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《地学前缘》2020,(3)
放射虫硅质岩为蛇绿岩的上覆沉积盖层,其地球化学特征可以帮助探讨蛇绿岩的形成环境和沉积盆地的构造一古地理演化。对狮泉河—永珠—嘉黎构造带西段古昌蛇绿岩中的硅质岩进行了详细的地球化学分析,并与拉果错和果芒错硅质岩进行了对比研究,以探讨它们的成因及沉积环境。古昌硅质岩SiO_2含量较低,Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值为0.87～0.95,为非热液成因硅质岩,稀土配分模式整体为轻稀土略亏损的左倾曲线,具有明显的负Eu异常,基本无Ce异常,Y/Ho比值为21～24,Ti/V比值为220.67～862.02,V/Y比值为0.05～0.29,沉积于大陆边缘环境。对比分析发现,拉果错硅质岩具有与古昌硅质岩相似的特征,而果芒错硅质岩显示了一定大洋盆地硅质岩的特征,并且受到轻微热液作用影响,可能形成于一个更加成熟开阔的洋盆之中。综合蛇绿岩其他端员的研究成果,狮泉河—永珠—嘉黎构造带中西段可能代表了一个靠近大陆边缘的古洋盆,东部果芒错地区发育较为开阔,往西洋盆规模逐渐变小。 相似文献
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广西那坡裂陷盆地位于右江盆地南缘,晚古生代该盆地广泛分布包括硅质岩、泥岩和海相玄武岩在内的深水相沉积.对盆地内上泥盆统榴江组和中下二叠统四大寨组硅质岩地球化学特征研究表明,硅质岩SiO2含量为88.55%~99.03%,PAAS组成含量小于20%,指示其含有较低的陆源碎屑组成.硅质岩的Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)值为0.45~0.94,Eu/Eu*值为0.51~0.95,为非热液成因硅质岩.除去SiO2稀释作用的影响后,硅质岩具有较高的稀土元素含量(∑REE+Y含量相当于PAAS组成的2~5倍),指示其形成于相对远离陆源供应的环境.岩信和鱼塘上泥盆统榴江组硅质岩具有中等的Ce负异常(Ce/Ce*值分别为0.37~0.72和0.58~0.89)以及较明显的Y正异常(Y/Ho值分别为39.05~83.74和34.33~36.70),形成于远离陆源的开阔裂谷盆地环境.鱼塘中下二叠统四大寨组硅质岩具有明显的Ce负异常(Ce/Ce*值为0.12~0.33),显示成熟洋盆的地球化学特征.结合右江其他地区硅质岩的地球化学特征认为,晚古生代硅质岩的地球化学特征记录了右江盆地从晚泥盆世裂谷盆地到早中二叠世扩张为开阔洋盆的过程. 相似文献
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西藏南部热水沉积硅质岩岩石学和地球化学特征及地质意义 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
西藏南部广泛分布大规模中、新生代蛇绿岩套硅质岩、非蛇绿岩套硅质岩和硅质泉华体,本文通过对藏南日喀则、泽当等地区硅质岩的野外岩石学特征、镜下观察和地球化学分析测试,研究其地质意义。藏南硅质岩普遍发育层状、纹理状、块状和角砾状构造,化学成分与广西丹池盆地等典型热水沉积硅质岩相似,Fe/Ti值为12.88~30.60,(Fe Mn)/Ti为13.25~33,Co/Ni小于1,REE总量低,δCe呈负异常,重稀土相对轻稀土元素富集,Eu呈正异常,反映为热水成因,个别样品为生物成因。硅质岩形成与藏南拆离系和伸展构造碰撞造山带所造成的构造热事件有关,Au、Sb、Cs等多金属矿化与硅质岩密切相关,赋矿岩石石英硅同位素与马里亚纳海槽现代海底黑烟囱热水沉积物相似,为热水喷流沉积的产物。 相似文献
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在北祁连造山带冷龙岭地区新发现一条蛇绿岩带,该蛇绿岩从下向上由地幔橄榄岩、辉长辉绿岩、玄武岩、硅质岩组成。岩石地球化学特征表明,玄武岩可分类高Ti和低Ti两类,其中高Ti玄武岩具有LREE富集的稀土配分型式,富集K、Rb、Ba、Th、Nb、Ta等不相容元素,呈现隆起型(驼峰式)分布型式,显示了典型的洋岛火山岩地球化学特征,为板内岩浆作用的产物。低Ti玄武岩具有LREE亏损,类似N-MORB的稀土配分模式,同时又具有相对于N-MORB富集的大离子亲石元素,亏损Nb、Ta等高场强元素的岛弧火山岩的地球化学特征,代表了弧后盆地环境岩石组合。蛇绿岩岩石组合和岩石地球化学特征显示该蛇绿岩套形成于弧后盆地环境,是早奥陶世北祁连洋的残留。 相似文献
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湘中震旦纪—寒武纪之交硅质岩地球化学特征及成因环境研究 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
震旦纪(埃迪卡拉纪)—寒武纪之交华南地块处在伸展扩张的构造背景下,在扬子板块东南缘发育了广泛的硅质岩沉积。湘中地区发育了自震旦系陡山沱组、留茶坡组及寒武系牛蹄塘组连续的深水相沉积,岩性以层状硅质岩为主,夹炭质、硅质页岩。通过对硅质岩的主量、稀土元素的地球化学特征分析表明,本区硅质岩Si O2含量极高(普遍92%),Al/(Al+Fe+Mn)比值普遍大于0.6,稀土元素澳大利亚后太古代平均页岩(PAAS)标准化配分曲线显示中—弱Ce负异常且有明显的重稀土富集特征。震旦纪陡山沱期硅质岩样品中Ce/Ce*值、LaN/YbN值、Y/Ho值分别为0.34~0.54、0.05~0.10、38.00~51.44;灯影期硅质岩样品中Ce/Ce*值、LaN/YbN值、Y/Ho值分别为0.70~0.85、0.06~0.37、35.91~46.79;寒武纪初期硅质岩样品中的稀土元素地球化学特征与灯影期相似,Ce/Ce*值、LaN/YbN值、Y/Ho值分别为0.58~0.78、0.26~0.40、34.75~45.58。湘中地区震旦纪—寒武纪之交的硅质岩地球化学特征显示本期硅质岩为正常的海水沉积成因,整体受热液和陆源影响较小,但从震旦纪陡山沱期至寒武纪初期陆源输入有增加趋势,硅质来源可能与硅质浮游生物有关,硅质岩沉积环境始终保持在深水盆地中,湘中地区沉积盆地符合被动大陆边缘伸展型盆地特征。 相似文献
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西藏雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩形成构造环境的地球化学鉴别 总被引：9，自引：7，他引：2
本文对西藏雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩带中部日喀则地区夏鲁蛇绿岩中的基性岩石进行了元素地球化学研究。岩石为低钾亚碱性玄武质岩石,具有低TiO2(0.64%～1.5%)、低K2O(<0.69%)、富Na2O(2.5%～6.0%)、烧失量普遍较高(2.0%～7.5%)的特征,表明样品普遍遭受蚀变。岩石具有与N-MORB类似的稀土元素和总体一致的微量元素特征,但是岩石明显富集大离子亲石元素和亏损高场强元素,显示了洋脊玄武岩向着岛弧岩浆作用的过渡趋势。日喀则蛇绿岩不是典型的洋中脊成因,应为SSZ型蛇绿岩,可能形成于与洋内俯冲有关的SSZ型的弧后或者弧前盆地中。对东西延伸超过1500km的雅鲁藏布蛇绿岩246套基性岩石形成的构造环境进行的地球化学判别,表明至少存在大陆岛弧型、地幔柱-洋内热点型、洋中脊-大洋岛弧型和典型大洋岛弧型等四种类型洋壳,揭示了特提斯洋存在多种构造环境的特征,有利于恢复和还原一个长期演化的、丰富的特提斯洋。 相似文献
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SHI Nicheng BAI Wenji MA Zhesheng FANG Qingsong XIONG Ming YAN Binggang DAI Mingquan YANG JingsuiChina University of Geosciences Beijing E-mail: shinicheng@a-l.net.cn Institute of Geology Chinese Academy of Geological Sciences Beijing Liu Shuchun Zhu Xiling 《《地质学报》英文版》2003,77(3):326-331
Diamond was found in podiform chromitites of ophiolite and harzburgite from Luobusha, Tibet. There are silicate inclusions in some diamond grains from this area. In the present work, the CCD (charge coupled detector) technology of X-ray powder diffraction was applied to the study of the inclusion in diamond from the ophiolite of Tibet. Diffraction patterns are obtained even though the inclusion is only 20 μm in crystal size. The results show that the inclusion in diamond consists of talc and clinochrysotile. Therefore, it is clear that the diamond from the ophiolite of Luobusha, Tibet, is natural diamond rather than a synthetic one. 相似文献
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赣东北构造带中的“放射虫硅质岩”主要分布于樟树墩—茅桥一带的赣东北蛇绿杂岩带之张村群中,与周边岩石地层呈断层接触关系,矿物成分和化学成分一致显示为泥质硅质岩,岩石遭受低级绿片岩相区域变质作用的改造,与泥质千枚岩、变质火山岩、蛇绿岩密切共生,含有“可疑的”晚古生代放射虫化石;茅口(孤峰)组硅质岩遍布于赣东北—皖南广大地区,整合于乐平组煤系地层之下、小江边组灰岩之上,具稳定的层位压盖关系,矿物成分和化学成分反映为纯硅质岩,岩石无变质重结晶现象,与碳质泥岩、灰岩互层,含大量的、珊瑚及腕足类化石,地层时代为二叠纪。因此,两者应分属不同的地层单位。 相似文献
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北祁连肃南一带奥陶纪硅质岩沉积地球化学特征及其多岛洋构造意义 总被引：13，自引：2，他引：11
北祁连造山带位于华北板块西南缘, 是柴达木微板块与华北板块碰撞形成的加里东造山带.北祁连肃南百泉门—边马沟位于北祁连西段, 跨奥陶纪弧后盆地、岛弧、海沟俯冲杂岩等构造带和百泉门—九个泉、大岔大坂、边马沟3个蛇绿岩带.北祁连肃南一带奥陶系主要分布阴沟组地层, 主要为中基性火山岩、火山碎屑岩夹硅质岩、大理岩、变质泥岩(板岩或片岩) 及砂岩.硅质岩的沉积地球化学研究表明, 边马沟与大洋俯冲蛇绿杂岩共生的硅质岩、大岔大坂与岛弧蛇绿岩共生的硅质岩及九个泉、百泉门与弧后蛇绿岩共生的硅质岩均形成于大陆边缘盆地的构造背景, 但硅质岩稀土元素特征反映其受陆源影响不明显, 为远离陆源的深水盆地沉积.推测北祁连奥陶纪处于多岛洋的构造背景, 北祁连奥陶纪存在宽阔、多岛的古洋盆. 相似文献
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罗布莎蛇绿岩地幔橄榄岩同位素特征及其成因 总被引：3，自引：1，他引：2
罗布莎蛇绿岩岩石单元出露齐全,以地幔橄榄岩为主,构造变形强烈;在堆积杂岩中上部产出有仰冲型斜长花岗岩小岩块;辉绿岩以脉状形式产出于地幔橄榄岩的方辉橄榄岩中;壳层岩石相对很薄且比较复杂.Sr、Nd和Pb同位素组成研究表明:罗布莎地幔橄榄岩绝大多数样品具有高ISr值(0.705489～0.714625);低INd值(0.5... 相似文献
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西藏蛇绿岩地幔中的主要自然金属矿物 总被引：9，自引：0，他引：9
在西藏雅鲁藏布江蛇绿岩带的罗布莎蛇绿岩块的豆荚状铬铁矿床中 ,揭示出一个由 70～ 80种矿物组成的地幔矿物群 ,包括自然金属、合金、硫 (砷 )化物、氧化物和硅酸盐等。这些矿物呈包裹体或脉石产于铬铁矿石中 ,经人工重砂分析 ,自然元素矿物有自然硅、自然铁、自然锌、自然铅、自然铝、自然铬、自然锡、自然镍、自然钨、自然钛、自然锇、自然铱、自然钌、自然钯、石墨、金刚石、自然金和自然银等。文中选择一些自然元素矿物 ,探索这些地幔矿物特点以及蛇绿岩和铬铁矿的形成机制。根据共生矿物群以及罗布莎地幔橄榄岩为新鲜的未蛇纹石化的岩石 ,认为罗布莎自然元素矿物与蛇纹石化作用无关。它们可能是在地核形成时期滞留于地幔中的成核物质 ,抑或是核幔之间化学反应的产物 ,后来被铬铁矿矿浆捕获 ,并同铬铁矿一起由地幔柱作用和板块作用侵位于浅部并仰冲出露于地表。 相似文献
17.
In the basal interval, sedimentary cover of the Arakapas ophiolite massif (southern Cyprus) is composed of metalliferous sediments of the Perapedhi Formation that is divided into three sequences based on diverse radiolarian assemblages. These are basal umbers of the Cenomanian age presumably (2–20 m), interlayering cherts and umbers of the Turonian-Coniacian (6–10 m), and opoka-like cherts of the Coniacian-Santonian. Higher in the succession, there are olistostrome deposits of the Moni Formation, which unconformably rest on the eroded underlying strata. In this formation also divisible into three sequences, the lower one 200 to 300 m thick is composed of variegated, presumably Campanian silty clays containing olistoliths of basic, presumably Upper Triassic volcanics, Lower Cretaceous sandstones, and opoka-like cherts and cherty limestones of the Albian-lower Cenomanian. Next sequence (100–200 m) is represented by alternation of variegated silty and green bentonitic clays of the Campaian, which enclose frequent olistoliths and horizons of fine-clastic olistostrome breccias. The upper sequence of upper Campanian-lower Maastrichtian bentonitic clays (50–100 m) contains interlayers of ash tuffs and clayey cherty sediments. Carbonate deposits of the upper Maastrichtian-Paleogene, conformably overlie the Moni Formation. 相似文献
18.
Results from the first detailed radiolarian biostratigraphic study conducted in Luzon are reported. The data were obtained from cherts associated with the Casiguran Ophiolite, a dismembered ophiolite mass consisting of serpentinized peridotites, gabbros, dolerite dikes and pillow basalts exposed along the eastern coast of the Northern Sierra Madre, Luzon, Philippines. Cherts and limestone interbeds conformably overlie the ophiolite. The radiolarian assemblages from the cherts constrain the stratigraphic range of the cherts to the Lower Cretaceous (upper Barremian–lower Aptian to Albian). This new biostratigraphic result is in contrast with the Upper Cretaceous stratigraphic range previously reported in the region.Radiolarian biostratigraphic results from the Casiguran Ophiolite provide additional evidence for the existence of Mesozoic oceanic substratum upon which Luzon and neighboring regions within the Philippine archipelago were likely built. Interestingly, the result closely resembles those reported for the ophiolite in southeastern Luzon as well as the oceanic crust of the Huatung Basin situated east of Taiwan and the ophiolites in eastern Indonesia. In light of this, along with previously gathered geochemical data from the ophiolites, a common provenance is being looked into for these crust–upper mantle sequences in the western Pacific region. 相似文献
19.
Provenance and distribution of tethyan pelagic and hemipelagic siliceous sediments,pindos mountains,Greece 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Miriam Baltuck 《Sedimentary Geology》1982,31(1):63-88
The broad range of time over which ribbon bedded cherts were deposited does not extend into the present marine environment, and no ribbon cherts have been recovered from the sea floor by the Deep Sea Drilling Project. The depositional environment of bedded cherts is difficult to determine, but extra-silicic impurities in the rock may offer clues about the provenance of the non-biogenic component. To test the usefulness of relative abundances of the extra silicic components in extracting information on the depositional environment of the chert, I analyzed the major element chemistry of chert samples from a broad range of environments including ophiolite-associated chert from the Franciscan Formation of California, deep-sea chert and porcellanite from the northwest Pacific (DSDP Leg 32), shallow pelagic shelf chert nodules from the Chalk of Britain, continental marginal basin chert from the Monterey Formation of California, and continental marginal basin chert from the Pindos Zone of Greece. The ratios FeO/A12O3, TiO2/A12O3 and A1/A1+Fe+Mn were considered in detail. The interpretative logic is simple but empirically supported by observations of these ratio values at different depositional environments in the Pacific: A1 is concentrated most highly in continental material while Fe and Mn are more concentrated in pelagic sediments. FeO/A12O3 can be used to differentiate between ophiolite associated chert and chert associated only with other sediments. TiO2/A12O3 is not a useful indicator, possibly because of the equalizing effect of widespread eolian transport. The A1/A1+Fe+Mn ratio was measured in detail in one stratigraphic section in central continental Greece. This ratio varied with the type of sediment admixture, decreasing in value after the influx of ophiolite debris-bearing sediments, even when their presence was undetectable in hand sample or under petrographic microscope.To help clarify the paleogeography of the main study area, the Pindos Zone, and to identify sources and dispersal patterns of extra-basinal materials, isopach maps of sedimentary facies of the Pindos were constructed. Superimposed directly upon the series of imbricated thrust slices that comprise the Pindos Zone, the maps are at best compressed pictures of the Pindos Sea Floor. Persistent regional variation of facies thicknesses over time suggests the existence of several smaller depressions surrounded by submarine highs in the Pindos Basin. 相似文献
20.
Geological and geochemical characteristics of cherts of the low-middle parts of the Jinchang Formation indicate that cherts are associated with hydrothermal sedimentation,but the middle-upper parts of the Jinchang Formaiton are mixed with normal sediments.The cherts are characterized by high Fe,As,Sb,Si and Ga,low Al and totoal REE,negative Ce anomaly and HREE enrichment.Their δ^18O values show that the forming temperatures of the cherts range from 128℃ tp 146℃. 相似文献