共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 125 毫秒
1.
以没有放流幼虾的1987年的河口区仔虾相对数量和8月份幼虾数量比值(109)为系数(a),以ni=axi式(ni是i年自然补充量,x_i是i年河口区仔虾相对数量),估算胶州湾中国对虾有关年份自然补量。将各年8月份幼虾数量(Ni)扣除自然补充量后,再按捕捞系数(k)为0.75,以Ci=(Ni—ni)k/R式估算放流虾的回捕量和回捕率(C)。结果表明,1985,1986和1988—1990年回捕率分别为16.05,11.23,8.49,13.69和17.40％。对虾放流增殖效果显著。 相似文献
2.
一、国内外对虾放流增殖简况当今,国内外除人工养殖对虾外,还采取放流增殖,以增加捕捞产量。这既是水产科技重大成果,也是发展近海捕虾业的必由之路。据文献介绍:日本濑户内海70年代初对虾产量仅466吨,由于每年投放虾苗1～1.5亿尾,回捕率为5～10％,我国从1984年开始就进行大规模的对虾生产性放流对虾,据1986年统计:全国沿海共放流对虾苗(3cm)27亿尾使资源迅速增长。到1975年对虾产量上升1230吨。现仍以每年放流3～5亿尾,回捕增殖对虾5000吨,产 相似文献
3.
崂山湾日本对虾增殖放流效果的初步研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
对2008年崂山湾放流日本对虾(Penaeus japonicus Bate)群体的洄游分布、生长特征及回捕率进行了研究。结果显示日本对虾7~8月主要分布在崂山湾浅水区域(水深5 m),9月份随着水温的降低,作季节性短距离的由浅水区向深水区移动。日本对虾生长速度快,且具有雌雄生长的差异,雄虾生长较快,但雌虾能达到更大的个体。回捕调查表明,由于受浒苔灾害的影响,日本对虾放流群体的回捕率仅为0.48%。根据崂山湾的自然环境条件和日本对虾放流群体的生长特性,认为适宜的放流时间为5月下旬,合理的开捕日期应为9月1日。 相似文献
4.
中国海洋渔业资源(六) 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ⅱ.4.4.中国对虾 中国对虾大量分布于黄渤海中、朝两国海域。真子渺等(1966)指出,黄海对虾有两大群:一为渤海沿岸群;二为朝鲜西岸群。邓景耀等(1985)根据多年调查研究和标志放流结果,肯定真子渺想法,并提出黄海对虾有两个地 相似文献
5.
6.
大亚湾日本对虾放流技术和增殖效果研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
１９９２年至１９９４年在大亚湾开展了日本对虾Ｐｅｎａｅｕｓｊａｐｏｎｉｃｕｓ的放流增殖研究,以探讨恢复业已衰退资源的可行性,标志放流体长５３－１０９ｍｍ的日本对虾１１１８８尾,生产性放流体长２０－４１ｍｍ的日本对虾苗６４０万尾,放流增殖效果明显,标志放流的回捕率为２．９１％,生产性放流的回捕率为９．３％,大亚湾内放流的日本对虾,不作季节性远距离洄游,只作季节性短距离的浅水－深水区移动。 相似文献
7.
《海洋湖沼通报》2017,(1)
本文通过回捕跟踪调查,对莱州湾海域中国对虾放流后的移动和生长进行了初步研究。结果显示:随着中国对虾的不断生长,放流群体逐渐由河道向莱州湾近岸浅水区、莱州湾内部深水区和湾外移动;各采样批次的中国对虾体长频率分布多为单峰类型,体长(L)-体重(W)关系式为W=8.0×10~(-6)L~(3.0611);von Bertalanffy生长方程分别为Lt=201.57×[1e~(-0.016(t-38.48))]和Wt=90.61×[1e~(-0.016(tS-38.48))]~(3.0611);体长和体重生长速度方程分别为dLt/dt=3.23×e~(-0.016(t-38.48))和dW_t/dt=4.44×e~(-0.016(t-38.48))×[1e~(-0.016(t-38.48))]~(2.0611),其中体重生长拐点出现在放流后三个月左右(108d日龄,8月15日)。 相似文献
8.
中国海域已报道的约90种对虾中,半数具有经济价值。其中中国对虾、墨吉对虾和长毛对虾无论在捕捞还是在养殖业上都具有十分重要的地位。由于3种虾的形态非常相近,特别是在早期生活史阶段,它们的幼体和仔虾很难区分,因而给对虾种群补充、预报和其它有关研究造成困难。尤其在热带海域,对虾生殖季节重叠,幼体和仔虾的鉴别更加重要,各期仔虾的数量统计需以严格的形态鉴别作为依据。作者对三种对虾的幼体的形态,区别已有专文报道(Liu and Liu,1994)。本文深入细致地研究了中国对虾、墨吉对虾和长毛对虾仔虾的发育形态学,并进行了比较,使3种对虾的仔虾得以区别,并为今后的对虾生态学研究及资源管理奠定基础,提供依据。 相似文献
9.
胶州湾是我囻黄海南部对虾的重要产卵场之一,每年4月中国对虾(Penaeus chinensis)亲体陆续进人胶州湾,进行产卵活动。繁殖的幼对虾生长迅速,至8月下旬虾群平均体长可达13cm左右,成为秋汛渔业的重要捕捞对象。近年由于捕捞力量加强等诸多因素,湾内对虾的年渔获量由70年代的2-5t,减至80年代的1-2t。虽然1984年以来有关部门实施对虾增殖放流,对虾资源量有所回升,但是因春季洄游的亲体(雌虾)数量锐减,7-8月间又使用各种网具违捕幼虾,因而极大地损害了幼虾资源。刘瑞玉等(1992)曾调查研究了胶州湾对虾生物资源。本文根据作者1991年以来5月和8月的对虾拖网调査资料,对胶州湾对虾资源的生态分布及其变动原因进行了分析研究,对加强管理和保护幼虾资源,以及提高对虾产量有极其重要的意义。 相似文献
10.
渤海是我国秋捕对虾的主要渔埸之一,准确地发布秋汛对虾数量预报,对于捕虾生产有重要作用。 本文以每年8月上旬在渤海内三个海域所调查的幼虾相对资源量为主要指标,经最佳组合,结合太阳黑子及黄河径流量对秋季对虾产量的影响,建立每年渤海秋汛对虾动态数量预报方程。经过5年试报的结果表明:预报准确率平均可达到88.9％;1979和1980两年分别达到95.0％和95.4％。 相似文献
11.
Weiji Wang Ding Lyu Mosang Wang Kefeng Liu Jie Kong Xiujuan Shan Xianshi Jin 《海洋学报(英文版)》2020,39(12):76-81
This study provides new insights for the hatchery released Chinese shrimp (Fenneropenaeus chinensis), including proportion, dynamic migration route, after they were released into nature for stock enhancement using a new strategy quite different than ever. Chinese shrimp were sampled at 22 survey stations during two investigation voyages acrossing 74 survey stations in the Bohai Sea from July 16 to August 9 in 2015. Among 289 sampled individuals during the second voyage, totally 155 shrimps were identified as hatchery shrimp released into the Laizhou Bay at mid-May in 2015 based on finger-print of eight SSR (simple sequence repeats) markers, and the proportion of hatchery released shrimp in recapture samples were from 41.30%–85.71% in each station with an average value 53.63%, which verified a previous view point that up to 90% of autumn season Chinese shrimp landing in the Bohai Sea were composed of hatchery released. Meanwhile, the dynamic migration route of hatchery released shrimp revealed that part of released shrimp migrated heading northwest along the west coast of the Bohai Sea up to the Bohai Bay but just remained at the Laizhou Bay until over-wintering migration at mid-October when they initiate over-wintering migration. Present unnatural spring season shrimp fishing model cut the throat of spawner shrimp chance to swim back to their respective spawning plants at each spring, it still no chance to clarify whether the hatchery released shrimp could replenish to the reproduce population and complete a whole life cycle as same as their natural relatives. 相似文献
12.
Distribution patterns of benthic juvenile gobies in and around seagrass habitats: effectiveness of seagrass shelter against predators 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
The significance of a sheltering effect of seagrass against predators influencing the distribution patterns of benthic juveniles of the streaked goby Acentrogobius sp. was investigated by field experimentation in and around seagrass habitats at Moroiso and Aburatsubo Bays, Miura Peninsula, Japan. In the former bay, juveniles were always restricted to the seagrass bed, whereas at the latter, they also occurred over the surrounding bare sand substrate. Juveniles never occurred inside predator-exclusion cages over unvegetated sand in Moroiso Bay. Additionally, a tethering experiment resulted in similarly small numbers of juveniles being preyed upon in both the seagrass bed and over bare sand, suggesting that the predation risk for juveniles may not differ between the habitat types and was thus not responsible for their distribution patterns. The availability of symbiotic shrimp burrows, which were scarce in bare sand in Moroiso Bay but abundant in a similar area in Aburatsubo Bay, was also hypothesized as a determinant of distribution pattern. In a manipulative experiment at Aburatsubo Bay, however, juveniles showed no response to alterations in the availability of symbiotic shrimp burrows, indicating that neither the sheltering effect of seagrass against predators nor the availability of symbiotic shrimp burrows was a significant factor in streaked goby juvenile distribution. Food availability may be a determinant, because food abundance patterns were concordant with the juvenile distribution pattern. 相似文献
13.
“渤海湾莱州湾毛虾适宜捕捞期的研究”课题组 《海洋湖沼通报》1992,(4)
渤海湾与莱州湾西部,定置网的主要渔获物种类,挂子网50余种,樯张网40余种。主要捕捞对象是毛虾,其他种类大多都在2％以下。其中占0.1％以上的经济幼鱼、幼虾有鳓、青鳞、斑鰶、黄鲫、鲻、梭鱼、鲈、梅童鱼、小黄鱼、黄姑鱼、银鲳、半滑舌鳎和幼对虾等。毛虾等经济虾类和经济鱼类的主要出现时间,挂子网为7月11日—8月20日;樯张网为7月6日—8月25日。夏一世代毛虾产卵群体的主要死亡时间在8月中、下旬。经济幼鱼和幼对虾,挂子网从6月21日,樯张网从5月21日开始逐日增多,至8月20日以后出现的数量都很少。为合理利用毛虾资源,保护经济幼鱼、幼虾资源,根据调查结果并参看毛虾生殖期等有关文献资料,建议这两个海区的毛虾生产期,春汛挂子网应于6月20日,樯张网于5月20日结束,秋汛应于8月21日开捕为宜。禁渔期,挂子网应由原来的7月1日—8月31日调整为6月21日—8月20日;樯张网由原来的6月10日—8月31日调整为5月21日—8月20日较为合理。 相似文献
14.
The distributions of juvenile brown shrimp, Penaeus aztecus, and white shrimp, P. setiferus, (57–72 mm TL) were monitored in partially vegetated laboratory enclosures to examine selection for vegetative structure. Simulated Spartina culms, composed of green straws, were used as structure in the experiments. Brown shrimp selected for this structure during the day but not at night. White shrimp showed no strong selective preference for structure during the day or night.Selection in the field was measured by examining densities of the two species of shrimp (40–80 mm TL) in a Galveston Bay, Texas, salt marsh. Brown shrimp were more abundant in vegetated habitats (Spartina alterniflora) than in adjacent non-vegetated areas. Differences in white shrimp densities between the two habitats were variable, and no consistent pattern was observed.laboratory predation experiments were conducted in non-vegetated and vegetated cages using Atlantic croaker (Micropogonias undulatus) as predators. In non-vegetated cages there was no significant selection for either species of shrimp by the fish. In partially and completely vegetated cages, fish selected white shrimp over brown shrimp. These data suggest that the presence of vegetation alters prey selection by Atlantic croaker, and this interaction may result in greater mortality of white shrimp compared with brown shrimp in salt marshes. 相似文献
15.
Abstract. This study examines the composition and partitioning of lipids in the alvinocarid shrimp Rimicaris exoculata from Mid-Atlantic hydrothermal vents. Juveniles and adults at different stages of reproductive development were dissected into abdomen, branchial and ovary/hepatopancreas tissues. Each of these tissues was analysed for total lipid and lipid class composition, and fatty acids and fatty alcohols were identified using GC and GC-MS. Adult and juvenile shrimp differ in the partitioning of lipids between tissues. Juveniles store lipids in the abdomen as wax ester droplets and may use phosphatidyl choline as an additional reserve. Adult shrimp use triglycerides as an energy store, and triglycerides and polar lipids accumulate in ovary and hepatopancreas tissue during reproductive development. The wax ester storage droplets of juvenile shrimp contain high concentrations of n-3 fatty acids, which are photosynthetically-derived and thought to be important for reproductive development in crustaceans. These n-3 fatty acids are concentrated in the ovary and hepatopancreas of adults compared to other tissues. The n-3 fatty acid content of these adult tissues is well within that estimated for whole juvenile shrimp, supporting the hypothesis that the n-3 fatty acids putatively required for adult reproduction are stored from the juvenile stage. 相似文献
16.
There exists obvious difference in recapture rate of tagged shrimp in various sea areas and years in autumn season, but the majority of them (98%) are recaptured in the releasing year. Although the main portion of each shrimp group in the Bohai Sea has separate distribution area, they intermingle in autumn season to search for food, thus forming a principal fishing ground located in the central Bohai Sea.Those shrimps wintering in south-central portion of the Huanghai Sea are generally divided into two populations. One is called the Korean population, inhabiting along the western coast of Koera, which is less in abundance and smaller in shrimp size; and the other is called the Chinese population, inhibiting along the Bohai Sea coast and the Huanghai Sea coast of China, which is richer in abundance and larger in shrimp size. The spawning grounds of the latter extend throughout the Bohai Sea and off the Huanghai Sea coast of China, from the Yalujiang Estuary area in the north to the coastal waters of Haiz 相似文献
17.
１９９３年分析了不同大小斑节对虾肌肉中游离氨基酸含量和肌肉蛋白质 的氨基酸组成。虾体肌肉中有各种游离氨基酸存在，但数量很少，而且比例与肌肉 中结合氨基酸不一致。不同大小斑节对虾，其肌肉中氨基酸组成基本一样，不同的 是小虾的半胱氨酸、蛋氨酸含量比中虾、成虾的低；成虾的缬氨酸、异亮氨酸含量比 小虾、中虾的低，而酪氨酸、苯丙氨酸、天门冬氨酸较高。随着虾体的长大，甘氨酸、 丙氨酸的含量逐渐下降，而脯氨酸的含量升高。雌雄虾的氨基酸组成基本一致，只 是雄虾的甘氨酸含量偏低，精氨酸含量偏高。 相似文献
18.
去眼柄对凡纳滨对虾稚虾蜕皮和生长的影响 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
研究了去眼柄对凡纳滨对虾(Litopenaeus vannamei)稚虾蜕皮和生长的影响.实验在水族箱内进行,实验对虾的初始体重约为2.26g,投喂的饲料为人工配合饲料,实验持续40d.实验结果如下:1.在本实验条件下,去眼柄显著加快了凡纳滨对虾稚虾的蜕皮,蜕皮周期由原来的14.6d缩短到11.4d(P<0.05);2.在本实验条件下,去眼柄凡纳滨对虾稚虾的摄食率(FId)和食物转化效率(FCEd)分别比正常组低7.91%和6.23%,特定生长率(SGRd)比正常组低14.74%,但经检验差异均未达到显著水平(P>0.05);3.在本实验条件下,去眼柄对虾用在蜕皮的能量比正常组高54.39%,经检验差异达到显著水平(P<0.05),而其他各部分能量比例差异不显著(P>0.05).实验结果表明:在本实验条件下,去眼柄缩短了对虾的蜕皮周期,但对对虾的生长并未产生显著的影响(P>0.05). 相似文献
19.
海州湾南部海域不同季节虾类数量及其分布特征 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
根据2009年5月、9月和12月对海州湾南部海域3个航次的渔业资源调查资料,对该海域十足目虾类的数量和分布的特征进行了初步研究,且探讨了优势种、温度、盐度、水深等因素对以上特征的影响。结果表明,5月虾类资源量最高,9月最低,12月较9月有所回升,分别以戴氏赤虾Metapenaeopsis dalei和日本鼓虾Alpheus japonicus、细巧仿对虾Parapenaeopsis tenella和刀额新对虾Metapenaeus ensis、日本鼓虾等为主要优势种。5月和9月虾类平面分布趋势均为西北外侧和东南水域较低,南面沿岸较均匀,东部和中部出现最高值;12月北面和南面近岸资源量较低,其他水域较均匀,最高值出现在东部水域。逐步回归分析表明,海州湾虾类资源量与底盐间存在显著相关关系,其他水文因素无显著相关关系。此外,优势种生态习性、赤潮和径流等是影响海州湾虾类数量和分布变化的主要因素。 相似文献