共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 191 毫秒
1.
介绍了矿山地震与瓦斯突出等煤矿灾害及成因， 并通过若干煤矿瓦斯突出和矿山地震的同震现象，论述了这些灾害在动力过程中的内在关系.这些震例表明，在高瓦斯煤矿， 矿山地震与瓦斯突出存在密切的相关.认为较大矿震伴随瓦斯的低值延时响应可能是瓦斯突出的预警信号.从矿震定位、震源机制、矿震成因、瓦斯突出条件等分析了矿震与瓦斯突出相关的机理. 进一步介绍了瓦斯流体对矿震的触发作用，尤其超临界流体的特殊性质在矿震发生中的重要作用.依据矿震与构造地震在机制方面的相似性， 讨论了上述结果在震源物理研究中的意义. 相似文献
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运用研制的KBD5矿用本安型电磁辐射监测仪测试了煤矿采掘过程中工作面煤岩体的电磁辐射，分析了电磁信号与采掘工艺及煤岩动力灾害危险性等的关系。研究表明，煤矿采掘过程伴随产生电磁辐射，电磁辐射是煤岩体受到采动影响后应力重新分布或变形破裂趋向新平衡的结果；有煤与瓦斯突出和冲击地压危险时，有明显的电磁异常前兆；采取防治措施后，电磁辐射显著下降。电磁辐射技术在煤矿可以用于预测煤与瓦斯突出、冲击地压等煤岩动力灾害。 相似文献
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瓦斯突出是一种常见的煤矿动力灾害现象,随着煤矿矿井开采深度的增加,煤层瓦斯含量、压力都呈上升趋势,发生煤与瓦斯突出的危险性加大.传统的瓦斯测量方法只能测量局部离散点瓦斯含量,难以从矿井及采区尺度对瓦斯含量进行预测.因此需要寻求一种能够在采区及工作面布设前预测煤层瓦斯富集程度的高效地球物理方法.背景噪声成像方法已经在城市地下空间、矿产资源等近地表成像中得到广泛的运用.本文将该方法首次应用到阳泉寺家庄煤矿井田区域,采用96个台站记录的连续背景噪声数据,通过互相关方法获得了台站对之间的瑞利面波经验格林函数,并进一步提取了 5 Hz～1.4 s的基阶瑞利面波的群速度和相速度频散曲线.本研究首先通过区域的平均频散曲线获得该区域的平均一维横波速度结构作为三维反演的初始模型;其次,利用基于射线追踪的面波频散直接成像方法获得研究区1.0 km以浅的三维横波速度结构;最后,结合获得的三维速度结构,以及岩石物理实验获得的瓦斯含量与地震波速度的经验关系,预测了寺家庄井田15号煤的瓦斯含量,预测的瓦斯含量与实际巷道揭露的瓦斯含量具有较好的一致性.本研究成果表明,对于煤矿瓦斯分布预测来说,背景噪声成像方法是一种潜在有效的全新的技术形式. 相似文献
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山西国阳新能股份有限公司新景煤矿3煤层在掘进和回采过程中,频发煤与瓦斯突出事故,给煤矿安全生产带来隐患.通过多个采区的瓦斯地质调查,发现大部分区域的瓦斯突出与煤层的顶板岩性(砂岩)和煤层结构(煤层的冲刷变薄)密切相关,当3煤层被顶板砂岩冲刷变薄,即3煤层顶板砂岩的厚度增加时,极易发生瓦斯突出.本文对研究区的测井曲线进行特征分析,并对测井曲线进行融合处理,利用多参数岩性反演的方法获得的波阻抗数据体可以对3煤层顶板砂岩的分布特征进行详细研究.反演结果与实际情况吻合度较高,且在瓦斯突出点位置,煤层顶板的波阻抗值明显增大,并能够清晰地辨别砂岩的位置和空间形态,其研究成果对新景煤矿瓦斯预测和治理具有重要意义. 相似文献
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不同掘进工艺煤与瓦斯流固耦合数值模拟研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
井下瓦斯事故严重威胁着煤矿的安全,研究煤与瓦斯耦合作用规律并采取相应措施可以有效地防止事故发生。考虑瓦斯气体的可压缩性和吸附、解吸特性,假设瓦斯气体在煤体孔隙中的流动遵循D arcy定律,建立了考虑爆破因素的煤与瓦斯流固耦合数学模型,并利用com so l对其求解。结果表明：炮掘对煤体的破坏能力大于机掘;炮掘工艺下,爆破应力对煤体应力、位移的作用大于应力耦合的作用,机掘工艺应该考虑应力耦合的作用;煤层瓦斯压力随着煤壁暴露时间的增加而发生改变,整个巷道附近的瓦斯压力有降低的趋势,呈现漏斗状分布;煤层上表面煤体竖向位移边界呈以巷道顶端为中心的＂O＂型分布,且以＂O＂型中心处的位移值最大。 相似文献
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煤层应力变化与He, Ar发射关系 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
岩石、岩体中稀有气体He, Ar的发射能反映地质体中现存的应力状态, 通过对重庆南桐矿区鱼田堡煤矿煤体应力状态与煤、瓦斯突出关系的研究表明: (1)从抽放孔瓦斯中所测的结果表明, 在被卸压煤层的应力集中带有He明显的发射, 在量值上比空气高几十倍, 而且可以随应力集中带的迁移而迁移. (2)氩的组分和同位素的峰值则位于应力释放的位置. (3)在回采面上, He与Ar的变化在瓦斯突出的预测上可以构成重要的数据对; 它们对应力状态的响应比瓦斯的响应灵敏度高得多. (4)在抽放孔中He, Ar, CH4的等值图对于显示煤体(包括其他地质工程体)应力相对大小与方向随时间、空间的动态变化也十分有意义, 具有潜在的利用价值. 相似文献
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《地球物理学进展》2017,(4)
一定厚度构造煤的存在是煤与瓦斯突出发生的必要条件;同时,构造煤发育区域也往往是瓦斯富集区.因此,研究构造煤的物性参数具有重要意义.由于构造煤具有煤体强度低、孔隙率高、渗透率低等特点导致采样制样及准确获得影响其物性参数的主控因素困难,因此研究构造煤弹性和电性参数的主控因素,初步分析主控因素的影响机理,这对利用地球物理勘探技术探测构造煤赋存分布、突出预测具有重要的指导意义.本文在系统查阅国内外有关利用地球物理学手段预测煤与瓦斯突出文献的基础上,从以下3个方面论述了构造煤的物性参数测试的研究进展:(1)对比分析了当前阶段构造煤制样手段的优缺点.(2)探讨了煤岩物理性质、储层条件和测试条件对构造煤物性参数的影响.(3)物性参数在岩石物理模型建立、地震数据处理和岩性反演等预测煤与瓦斯突出方面的应用研究.最后提出了构造煤物性参数测试存在的主要问题及一些认识. 相似文献
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煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾害是深井开采面临的一种由冲击地压和煤与瓦斯突出共同作用的新的灾害表现形式.微破裂前兆是煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾变过程显现的共性本质特征,具有微震和声发射活动性.笔者在收集和阅读大量国内外煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾害资料的基础上,对煤岩瓦斯复合型动力灾害的监测技术进行了研究.研究结果表明:声发射监测技术和微震监测技术的原理相同,不同的是频谱范围有差异.煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾变过程要经历从微小破裂萌生→扩展→集结和从无序到有序的发展过程,声发射和微震监测技术可以很好的对灾变的整个过程进行监测,是研究煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾害的重要手段,对研究煤岩瓦斯复合动力灾害机制和前兆辨识具有重要意义. 相似文献
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Natural gas diffusion model and diffusion computation in well Cai25 Bashan Group oil and gas reservoir 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Natural gas diffusion through the cap rock is mainly by means of dissolving in water, so its concentration can be replaced
by solubility, which varies with temperature, pressure and salinity in strata. Under certain geological conditions the maximal
solubility is definite, so the diffusion computation can be handled approximately by stable state equation. Furthermore, on
the basis of the restoration of the paleo-buried history, the diffusion is calculated with the dynamic method, and the result
is very close to the real diffusion value in the geological history. 相似文献
12.
目前,人们主要从岩性、物性、电性、弹性阻抗等角度,对储层中气水的性质进行预测,然而成功率却并非很高.其实,从频率或能量响应的角度出发,或许能提高气水识别的成功率.由于频率是物质的固有属性,地震波经过含气或含水的储层后,在不同的频段将有不同的响应特征,但在原始地震剖面上却很不容易发现.利用基于ARMA模型时间序列分析方法和Prony信号分析理论的吸收滤波技术,结合测井、岩石物理、地质、地震等资料,分析含气储层和含水储层的不同吸收衰减特征和响应差异.由此可以实现气水性质的有效识别,最终达到直观、快捷的预测优质含气储层的目的.将该技术应用到气水裂缝理论模型的试算和川西坳陷深层须家河组气藏的含气性识别中,均获得了良好的应用效果. 相似文献
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土壤气氡测量影响因素的初步研究 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
通过分析实验资料和断层气氡测量中所遇到的问题，较全面地讨论了断层气氡测量中地因素和明因素的影响。分析了断层气氡形态与断层性质的关系，以及岩土性质，土壤含水量和气温，地温，气压对土氡测量的影响。指出只要充分认识并注意避开或消除上术因素的影响就可以得到较满意的气氡测量结果。 相似文献
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On the basis of measuring the pressure distribution and analyzing its origin in the Carboniferous and Permian of Shenmu-Yulin area, the evolution history of ancient pressure is restored mainly by means of the basin numerical simulation technique, in which the paleo-pressure has been constrained by the compaction restoration and the examination of fluid inclusion temperature and pressure. Then the development and evolution history of abnormal pressure and its effect on gas migration and accumulation are investigated. Studies show that the pressure in southeastern and northwestern parts of studied area is near to hydrostatic pressure, whereas in the remainder vast area the pressure is lower than the hydrostatic pressure, which is caused by difficulty to measure pressure accurately in tight reservoir bed, the calculating error caused by in-coordinate between topography relief and surface of water potential, pressure lessening due to formation arising and erosion. There are geological factors beneficial to forming abnormal high pressure in the Upper Palaeozoic. On the distraction of measured pressure, paleo-pressure data from compaction restoration and fluid inclusion temperature and pressure exa- mining, the evolution history of ancient pressure is restored by the basin numerical simulation technique. It is pointed out that there are at least two high peaks of overpressure in which the highest value of excess pressure could be 5 to 25 MPa. Major gas accumulated in main producing bed of Shanxi Fm (P1s) and lower Shihezi Fm (P2x), because of two-fold control from capillary barrier and overpressure seal in upper Shihezi Fm (P2s). In the middle and southern districts, the two periods of Later Jurassic to the middle of Early Cretaceous, and middle of Later Cretaceous to Palaeocene are main periods of gas migration and accumulation, while they belong to readjustment period of gas reservoirs after middle of Neocene. 相似文献
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V. A. Petrov V. V. Poluektov R. M. Nasimov S. I. Shchukin J. Hammer 《Izvestiya Physics of the Solid Earth》2009,45(11):1012-1018
The Antey deposit in the southeastern Transbaikal region is one of the main objects of uranium ore mining. It is localized
in the Late Paleozoic granite basement of the Strel’tsovo Caldera formed during the Late Mesozoic tectono-magmatic activation
of geological structures in the region. Vein ore bodies of the deposit are controlled by steep near-meridional faults being
developed in zones of intense hydrothermal-metasomatic alterations, cataclasis, brecciation, and elevated rock fracturing.
The upper parts of the ore bodies are located at a depth of 400 m and their lower parts are traceable up to depths of 1300
m below the surface. The mining activity involves progressively deeper levels of the section, which determines the necessity
for the complex assessment of the deposit potential. The mode of rock deformation at the four lower horizons of mines occurring
at depths of 500 to 700 m is discussed. It is shown that variations in the mode of deformation are determined by a combination
of natural and technogenic factors, which should be taken into consideration in predicting the geomechanic behavior of the
rocks for safe mining works. 相似文献
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对均匀大地和二层大地的频率域电场差分法理论曲线进行的计算和研究表明,电场差分法是一种以目标地质体和围岩在电阻率和极化率方面的差异为基础,根据测量到的能明显反映激电响应与电磁耦合响应的比值随频率变化的P参数曲线在性态上的差异来圈划油气藏的一种电法勘探方法. 因为它圈划油气藏的物理基础是油气藏上方与围岩上方测量到的电磁耦合响应和激电响应的差异,所以在圈划油气藏方面,该方法与复电阻率法类似,同样具有找油气的优良性能. 此外,该方法与复电阻率法相比,具有对目标地质体和围岩的电阻率和极化率差异反映灵敏、效率高、成本低等优点,所以它是一种值得推广的找油气的电法勘探方法. 相似文献
19.
Hu GuoYi Li Jin Cui HuiYing Ran QiGui Zhang Li Wang XiaoBo Wang YiFeng 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2010,52(1):96-105
Focusing on the two natural gas exploration geological problems with abundant source of oil cracking gas in the late stage and the sealing condition of the oil cracking gas reservoir, the kinetics of oil cracking gas and the evaluation parameters of gas cap rock are adopted to the study on the natural gas accumulation conditions in the Tadong area. Both the study on the kinetics of oil cracking gas and the statistical results of reservoir bitumen reveal that the geological formation of oil cracking gas in the Tadong area is located in the top of Cambrian. Two kinds of oil cracking gas geological models at least, namely well Mandong-1’s early rapid generation model (Middle Ordovician-end Silurian) and peak cracking model (with the natural gas conversion rate >90%), namely well Yingnan-2’s two-stage generation model of oil cracking gas, have been set up. The oil cracking gas of Yingnan-2 in the late stage is very significant in the evaluation of natural gas exploration in the Tadong area. The evaluation results of the cap rock show that the microscopic parameters of cap rock from the lower assemblage of Cambrian-Ordovician are better than those from the upper assemblage. The former has strong capillary sealing ability and higher cap rock breakthrough pressure than the upper assemblage, with strong sealing ability, so that natural gas dissipates mainly by diffusion. According to the above investigations, the lower assemblage Cambrian-Ordovician natural gas of Kongquehe slope, Tadong low uplift and Yingjisu depression in the Tadong area prospects well.
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